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/*
* © 2024, Travis Farmer. All rights reserved.
* © 2024, Chris Bulliner. All rights reserved. https://github.com/CMB27
*
* This file is part of DCC++EX API
*
* This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with CommandStation. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "IO_RS485.h"
#include "defines.h"
/************************************************************
* RS485 implementation
************************************************************/
// Constructor for RS485
RS485::RS485(HardwareSerial &serial, unsigned long baud, uint16_t cycleTimeMS, int8_t txPin, int waitA) {
_baud = baud;
_serialD = &serial;
_txPin = txPin;
_busNo = 0;
_cycleTime = cycleTimeMS * 1000UL; // convert from milliseconds to microseconds.
_waitA = waitA;
if (_waitA < 3) _waitA = 3;
// Add device to HAL device chain
IODevice::addDevice(this);
// Add bus to RS485 chain.
_nextBus = _busList;
_busList = this;
}
/* -= updateCrc =-
//
// add the CRC value from _calculateCrc (2 bytes) to the buffer.
*/
void RS485::updateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t crc = _calculateCrc(buf, len);
buf[len] = lowByte(crc);
buf[len + 1] = highByte(crc);
}
/* -= crcGood =-
//
// return TRUE if CRC matched between buffer copy, and calculated.
*/
bool RS485::crcGood(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t aduCrc = buf[len] | (buf[len + 1] << 8);
uint16_t calculatedCrc = _calculateCrc(buf, len);
if (aduCrc == calculatedCrc) return true;
else return false;
}
/* -= calculateCrc =-
//
// use bitwise XOR to calculate CRC into a 16-bit byte
*/
uint16_t RS485::_calculateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t value = 0xFFFF;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
value ^= (uint16_t)buf[i];
for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
bool lsb = value & 1;
value >>= 1;
if (lsb == true) value ^= 0xA001;
}
}
return value;
}
/* -= clearRxBuffer =-
//
// BLOCKING method to empty stray data in RX buffer
*/
void RS485::clearRxBuffer() {
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available() > 0) {
startMicros = micros();
_serialD->read();
}
} while (micros() - startMicros < _frameTimeout);
}
/* -= _loop =-
//
// Main loop function for RS485.
// Work through list of nodes. For each node, in separate loop entries
// When the slot time has finished, move on to the next device.
*/
void RS485::_loop(unsigned long currentMicros) {
_currentMicros = currentMicros;
if (_currentNode == NULL) {
_currentNode = _nodeListStart;
}
if (_currentMicros - _cycleStartTime < _cycleTime) return;
_cycleStartTime = _currentMicros;
if (_currentNode == NULL) return;
bool flagOK = true;
#if defined(RS485_STM_COMM)
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_COMM,HIGH);
#endif
if (taskCnt > 0) {
// run through tasks
if (!waitReceive) getNextTask(taskData);
switch((int) taskData[0]) {
case 0:
// protection for pulling empty task
break;
case 1: // configure pin
if (taskData[4] == (int*) CONFIGURE_INPUT) {
uint8_t pullup = (uint8_t) taskData[6];
uint8_t outBuffer[6] = {EXIODPUP, (uint8_t) taskData[0], (uint8_t)taskData[3], pullup};
uint8_t responseBuffer[3];
updateCrc(outBuffer,4);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(outBuffer, 6);
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
waitReceive = false;
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
responseBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (crcGood(responseBuffer,sizeof(responseBuffer)-2)) {
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(responseBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (responseBuffer[0] == EXIORDY) {
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Vpin %u cannot be used as a digital input pin"), (int)taskData[3]);
}
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node %d CRC Error"), (int) taskData[0]);
flagOK = false;
}
} else if (taskData[3] == (int*) CONFIGURE_ANALOGINPUT) {
// TODO: Consider moving code from _configureAnalogIn() to here and remove _configureAnalogIn
// from IODevice class definition. Not urgent, but each virtual function defined
// means increasing the RAM requirement of every HAL device driver, whether it's relevant
// to the driver or not.
}
break;
case 2: // configure analog in
uint8_t commandBuffer[5] = {EXIOENAN, (uint8_t) taskData[0], (uint8_t) taskData[3]};
uint8_t responseBuffer[3];
updateCrc(commandBuffer,3);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(commandBuffer, 5);
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
responseBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (crcGood(responseBuffer,sizeof(responseBuffer)-2)) {
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(responseBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (responseBuffer[0] != EXIORDY) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485: Vpin %u on node %d cannot be used as an analogue input pin"), (int) taskData[3], (int) taskData[0]);
}
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node %d CRC Error"), (int) taskData[0]);
flagOK = false;
}
break;
case 3: // write pin
uint8_t digitalOutBuffer[6];
uint8_t responseBuffer[3];
digitalOutBuffer[0] = EXIOWRD;
digitalOutBuffer[1] = (uint8_t) taskData[0];
digitalOutBuffer[2] = (uint8_t) taskData[3];
digitalOutBuffer[3] = (uint8_t) taskData[4];
updateCrc(digitalOutBuffer,4);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(digitalOutBuffer, 6);
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
responseBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (crcGood(responseBuffer,sizeof(responseBuffer)-2)) {
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(responseBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (responseBuffer[0] != EXIORDY) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Vpin %u cannot be used as a digital output pin"), (int)taskData[3]);
}
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node %d CRC Error"), (int) taskData[0]);
flagOK = false;
}
break;
case 4:
uint8_t servoBuffer[10];
uint8_t responseBuffer[3];
#ifdef DIAG_IO
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Servo: WriteAnalogue Vpin:%u Value:%d Profile:%d Duration:%d %S"),
vpin, value, profile, duration, _deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED?F("DEVSTATE_FAILED"):F(""));
#endif
servoBuffer[0] = EXIOWRAN;
servoBuffer[1] = (uint8_t) taskData[0];
servoBuffer[2] = (uint8_t) taskData[3];
servoBuffer[3] = (uint8_t) taskData[4] & 0xFF;
servoBuffer[4] = (uint8_t) taskData[4] >> 8;
servoBuffer[5] = (uint8_t) taskData[5];
servoBuffer[6] = (uint8_t) taskData[6] & 0xFF;
servoBuffer[7] = (uint8_t) taskData[6] >> 8;
updateCrc(servoBuffer,8);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(servoBuffer, 10);
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
responseBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (!crcGood(responseBuffer,sizeof(responseBuffer)-2)) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node %d CRC Error"), (int) taskData[0]);
flagOK = false;
//_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
} else {
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(responseBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (responseBuffer[0] != EXIORDY) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Vpin %u cannot be used as a servo/PWM pin"), (int) taskData[3]);
}
}
}
} else {
memcpy(_currentNode->_analogueInputStates, _currentNode->_analogueInputBuffer, _currentNode->_analoguePinBytes); // Copy I2C input buffer to states
switch (_refreshOperation) {
case 0:
if (_currentNode->_numDigitalPins>0 && currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh) { // Delay for digital read refresh
// Issue new read request for digital states. As the request is non-blocking, the buffer has to
// be allocated from heap (object state).
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDD;
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[1] = _currentNode->getNodeID();
updateCrc(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer,sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer)-2);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer, sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer));
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
_currentNode->_digitalInputStates[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < (_currentNode->_numDigitalPins+7)/8);
if (!crcGood(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates,sizeof(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)-2)) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 CRC error on node %d"), _currentNode->getNodeID());
flagOK = false;
}
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (!waitReceive) _refreshOperation++;
_lastDigitalRead = currentMicros;
_readState = RDS_DIGITAL;
}
break;
case 1:
if (_currentNode->_numAnaloguePins>0 && currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
// Issue new read for analogue input states
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDAN;
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[1] = _currentNode->getNodeID();
updateCrc(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer,sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer)-2);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer, sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer));
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
_currentNode->_analogueInputBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < _currentNode->_numAnaloguePins * 2);
if (!crcGood(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates,sizeof(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)-2)) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 CRC error on node %d"), _currentNode->getNodeID());
flagOK = false;
}
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (!waitReceive) _refreshOperation = 0;
_lastAnalogueRead = currentMicros;
_readState = RDS_ANALOGUE;
}
break;
}
if(flagOK && !waitReceive) _currentNode = _currentNode->getNext();
}
#if defined(RS485_STM_OK)
if (flagOK == true) {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_OK,HIGH);
} else {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_OK,LOW);
}
#endif
#if defined(RS485_STM_FAIL)
if (flagOK == false) {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_FAIL,HIGH);
} else {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_FAIL,LOW);
}
#endif
#if defined(RS485_STM_COMM)
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_COMM,LOW);
#endif
}
// Link to chain of RS485 instances, left over from RS485 template.
RS485 *RS485::_busList = NULL;
/************************************************************
* RS485node implementation
************************************************************/
/* -= RS485node =-
//
// Constructor for RS485node object
*/
RS485node::RS485node(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, uint8_t nodeID) {
_firstVpin = firstVpin;
_nPins = nPins;
_busNo = 0;
_nodeID = nodeID;
if (_nodeID > 254) _nodeID = 254;
// Add this device to HAL device list
IODevice::addDevice(this);
_display();
// Add RS485node to RS485 object.
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
if (bus != NULL) {
bus->addNode(this);
return;
}
}

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/*
* © 2024, Travis Farmer. All rights reserved.
* © 2024, Chris Bulliner. All rights reserved. https://github.com/CMB27
*
* This file is part of DCC++EX API
*
* This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with CommandStation. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
* RS485
* =======
* To define a RS485, example syntax:
* RS485::create(serial, baud[, cycletime[, pin]]);
*
* serial = serial port to be used (e.g. Serial3)
* baud = baud rate (9600, 19200, 28800, 57600 or 115200)
* cycletime = minimum time between successive updates/reads of a node in millisecs (default 500ms)
* pin = pin number connected to RS485 module's DE and !RE terminals for half-duplex operation (default VPIN_NONE)
*
*
* RS485Node
* ========
* To define a RS485 node and associate it with a RS485 bus,
* RS485node::create(firstVPIN, numVPINs, nodeID);
*
* firstVPIN = first vpin in block allocated to this device
* numVPINs = number of vpins
* nodeID = 0-254
*/
#ifndef IO_RS485_H
#define IO_RS485_H
#include "IODevice.h"
/**********************************************************************
* RS485node class
*
* This encapsulates the state associated with a single RS485 node,
* which includes the nodeID, number of discrete inputs and coils, and
* the states of the discrete inputs and coils.
**********************************************************************/
class RS485node : public IODevice {
private:
uint8_t _busNo;
uint8_t _nodeID;
char _type;
RS485node *_next = NULL;
bool _initialised = false;
// EX-IOExpander protocol flags
enum {
EXIOINIT = 0xE0, // Flag to initialise setup procedure
EXIORDY = 0xE1, // Flag we have completed setup procedure, also for EX-IO to ACK setup
EXIODPUP = 0xE2, // Flag we're sending digital pin pullup configuration
EXIOVER = 0xE3, // Flag to get version
EXIORDAN = 0xE4, // Flag to read an analogue input
EXIOWRD = 0xE5, // Flag for digital write
EXIORDD = 0xE6, // Flag to read digital input
EXIOENAN = 0xE7, // Flag to enable an analogue pin
EXIOINITA = 0xE8, // Flag we're receiving analogue pin mappings
EXIOPINS = 0xE9, // Flag we're receiving pin counts for buffers
EXIOWRAN = 0xEA, // Flag we're sending an analogue write (PWM)
EXIOERR = 0xEF, // Flag we've received an error
};
public:
enum ProfileType : int {
Instant = 0, // Moves immediately between positions (if duration not specified)
UseDuration = 0, // Use specified duration
Fast = 1, // Takes around 500ms end-to-end
Medium = 2, // 1 second end-to-end
Slow = 3, // 2 seconds end-to-end
Bounce = 4, // For semaphores/turnouts with a bit of bounce!!
NoPowerOff = 0x80, // Flag to be ORed in to suppress power off after move.
};
uint8_t _numDigitalPins = 0;
uint8_t _numAnaloguePins = 0;
uint8_t _majorVer = 0;
uint8_t _minorVer = 0;
uint8_t _patchVer = 0;
uint8_t* _digitalInputStates = NULL;
uint8_t* _analogueInputStates = NULL;
uint8_t* _analogueInputBuffer = NULL; // buffer for I2C input transfers
uint8_t _readCommandBuffer[4];
uint8_t _digitalPinBytes = 0; // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
uint8_t _analoguePinBytes = 0; // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
uint8_t* _analoguePinMap = NULL;
static void create(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, uint8_t nodeID) {
if (checkNoOverlap(firstVpin, nPins)) new RS485node(firstVpin, nPins, nodeID);
}
RS485node(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, uint8_t nodeID);
uint8_t getNodeID() {
return _nodeID;
}
RS485node *getNext() {
return _next;
}
void setNext(RS485node *node) {
_next = node;
}
bool isInitialised() {
return _initialised;
}
void setInitialised() {
_initialised = true;
}
bool _configure(VPIN vpin, ConfigTypeEnum configType, int paramCount, int params[]) override {
if (paramCount != 1) return false;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
int* param[] = {(int*)pin, (int*)configType, (int*)paramCount, (int*)params[0]};
bus->addTask(_nodeID, 3, 4, param);
}
int _configureAnalogIn(VPIN vpin) override {
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
int* params[] = {(int*)pin};
bus->addTask(_nodeID, 3, 1, params);
return false;
}
void _begin() override {
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) {
pinMode(bus->_txPin, OUTPUT);
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, LOW);
}
uint8_t receiveBuffer[5];
uint8_t commandBuffer[7] = {EXIOINIT, _nodeID, (uint8_t)_nPins, (uint8_t)(_firstVpin & 0xFF), (uint8_t)(_firstVpin >> 8)};
bus->updateCrc(commandBuffer,5);
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, HIGH);
bus->_serialD->write(commandBuffer, 7);
bus->_serialD->flush();
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, LOW);
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
while (!bus->_serialD->available()) {
if (millis() - startMillis >= 500) return;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (bus->_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
receiveBuffer[len] = bus->_serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (receiveBuffer[1] == EXIOPINS && bus->crcGood(receiveBuffer,sizeof(receiveBuffer)-2)) {
if (!bus->testAndStripMasterFlag(receiveBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_nodeID);
_numDigitalPins = receiveBuffer[1];
_numAnaloguePins = receiveBuffer[2];
// See if we already have suitable buffers assigned
if (_numDigitalPins>0) {
size_t digitalBytesNeeded = (_numDigitalPins + 7) / 8;
if (_digitalPinBytes < digitalBytesNeeded) {
// Not enough space, free any existing buffer and allocate a new one
if (_digitalPinBytes > 0) free(_digitalInputStates);
if ((_digitalInputStates = (byte*) calloc(digitalBytesNeeded, 1)) != NULL) {
_digitalPinBytes = digitalBytesNeeded;
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node:%d ERROR alloc %d bytes"), _nodeID, digitalBytesNeeded);
_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
_digitalPinBytes = 0;
return;
}
}
}
if (_numAnaloguePins>0) {
size_t analogueBytesNeeded = _numAnaloguePins * 2;
if (_analoguePinBytes < analogueBytesNeeded) {
// Free any existing buffers and allocate new ones.
if (_analoguePinBytes > 0) {
free(_analogueInputBuffer);
free(_analogueInputStates);
free(_analoguePinMap);
}
_analogueInputStates = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
_analogueInputBuffer = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
_analoguePinMap = (uint8_t*) calloc(_numAnaloguePins, 1);
if (_analogueInputStates != NULL &&
_analogueInputBuffer != NULL &&
_analoguePinMap != NULL) {
_analoguePinBytes = analogueBytesNeeded;
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node:%d ERROR alloc analog pin bytes"), _nodeID);
_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
_analoguePinBytes = 0;
return;
}
}
}
} else {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node:%d ERROR configuring device (CRC: %s)"), _nodeID, bus->crcGood(receiveBuffer,sizeof(receiveBuffer)-2)? "PASS":"FAIL");
_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
return;
}
commandBuffer[0] = EXIOINITA;
commandBuffer[1] = _nodeID;
bus->updateCrc(commandBuffer,2);
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, HIGH);
bus->_serialD->write(commandBuffer, 4);
bus->_serialD->flush();
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, LOW);
startMillis = millis();
while (!bus->_serialD->available()) {
if (millis() - startMillis >= 500) return;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (bus->_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
receiveBuffer[len] = bus->_serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (bus->crcGood(receiveBuffer,sizeof(receiveBuffer)-2)) {
if (!bus->testAndStripMasterFlag(receiveBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_nodeID);
for (int i = 0; i < _numAnaloguePins; i++) {
_analoguePinMap[i] = receiveBuffer[i];
}
}
uint8_t versionBuffer[5];
commandBuffer[0] = EXIOVER;
commandBuffer[1] = _nodeID;
bus->updateCrc(commandBuffer,2);
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, HIGH);
bus->_serialD->write(commandBuffer, 4);
bus->_serialD->flush();
if (bus->_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(bus->_txPin, LOW);
startMillis = millis();
while (!bus->_serialD->available()) {
if (millis() - startMillis >= 500) return;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (bus->_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
versionBuffer[len] = bus->_serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < 256);
if (bus->crcGood(versionBuffer,sizeof(versionBuffer)-2)) {
if (!bus->testAndStripMasterFlag(versionBuffer)) DIAG(F("Foreign RS485 Device! no master flag from node %d"),_nodeID);
_majorVer = versionBuffer[0];
_minorVer = versionBuffer[1];
_patchVer = versionBuffer[2];
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 device found, node:%d, Version v%d.%d.%d"), _nodeID, _majorVer, _minorVer, _patchVer);
}
#ifdef DIAG_IO
_display();
#endif
_initialised = false;
}
int _read(VPIN vpin) override {
if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return 0;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
uint8_t pinByte = pin / 8;
bool value = bitRead(_digitalInputStates[pinByte], pin - pinByte * 8);
return value;
}
void _write(VPIN vpin, int value) override {
if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
int* params[] = {(int*)pin, (int*)value};
bus->addTask(_nodeID, 3, 2, params);
}
int _readAnalogue(VPIN vpin) override {
if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return 0;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
for (uint8_t aPin = 0; aPin < _numAnaloguePins; aPin++) {
if (_analoguePinMap[aPin] == pin) {
uint8_t _pinLSBByte = aPin * 2;
uint8_t _pinMSBByte = _pinLSBByte + 1;
return (_analogueInputStates[_pinMSBByte] << 8) + _analogueInputStates[_pinLSBByte];
}
}
return -1; // pin not found in table
}
void _writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t profile, uint16_t duration) override {
uint8_t servoBuffer[7];
uint8_t responseBuffer[1];
if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;
int pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
RS485 *bus = RS485::findBus(_busNo);
int* params[] = {(int*)pin, (int*)value, (int*)profile, (int*)duration};
bus->addTask(_nodeID, 3, 4, params);
}
uint8_t getBusNumber() {
return _busNo;
}
void _display() override {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 node:%d v%d.%d.%d Vpins %u-%u %S"), _nodeID, _majorVer, _minorVer, _patchVer, (int)_firstVpin, (int)_firstVpin+_nPins-1, _deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED ? F("OFFLINE") : F(""));
}
};
/**********************************************************************
* RS485 class
*
* This encapsulates the properties state of the bus and the
* transmission and reception of data across that bus. Each RS485
* object owns a set of RS485node objects which represent the nodes
* attached to that bus.
**********************************************************************/
class RS485 : public IODevice {
private:
// Here we define the device-specific variables.
uint8_t _busNo;
unsigned long _baud;
unsigned long _cycleStartTime = 0;
unsigned long _timeoutStart = 0;
unsigned long _cycleTime; // target time between successive read/write cycles, microseconds
unsigned long _timeoutPeriod; // timeout on read responses, in microseconds.
unsigned long _currentMicros; // last value of micros() from _loop function.
unsigned long _postDelay; // delay time after transmission before switching off transmitter (in us)
unsigned long _byteTransmitTime; // time in us for transmission of one byte
int _operationCount = 0;
int _refreshOperation = 0;
static RS485 *_busList; // linked list of defined bus instances
bool waitReceive = false;
int _waitCounter = 0;
int _waitCounterB = 0;
int _waitA;
int* taskData[25];
unsigned long _charTimeout;
unsigned long _frameTimeout;
enum {RDS_IDLE, RDS_DIGITAL, RDS_ANALOGUE}; // Read operation states
uint8_t _readState = RDS_IDLE;
unsigned long _lastDigitalRead = 0;
unsigned long _lastAnalogueRead = 0;
const unsigned long _digitalRefresh = 10000UL; // Delay refreshing digital inputs for 10ms
const unsigned long _analogueRefresh = 50000UL; // Delay refreshing analogue inputs for 50ms
int tasks[255][25];
// EX-IOExpander protocol flags
enum {
EXIOINIT = 0xE0, // Flag to initialise setup procedure
EXIORDY = 0xE1, // Flag we have completed setup procedure, also for EX-IO to ACK setup
EXIODPUP = 0xE2, // Flag we're sending digital pin pullup configuration
EXIOVER = 0xE3, // Flag to get version
EXIORDAN = 0xE4, // Flag to read an analogue input
EXIOWRD = 0xE5, // Flag for digital write
EXIORDD = 0xE6, // Flag to read digital input
EXIOENAN = 0xE7, // Flag to enable an analogue pin
EXIOINITA = 0xE8, // Flag we're receiving analogue pin mappings
EXIOPINS = 0xE9, // Flag we're receiving pin counts for buffers
EXIOWRAN = 0xEA, // Flag we're sending an analogue write (PWM)
EXIOERR = 0xEF, // Flag we've received an error
};
uint16_t _calculateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len);
RS485node *_nodeListStart = NULL, *_nodeListEnd = NULL;
RS485node *_currentNode = NULL;
uint8_t _exceptionResponse = 0;
uint8_t getExceptionResponse();
uint16_t _receiveDataIndex = 0; // Index of next data byte to be received.
RS485 *_nextBus = NULL; // Pointer to next bus instance in list.
void setTimeout(unsigned long timeout);
// Helper function for error handling
void reportError(uint8_t status, bool fail=true) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Node:%d Error"), _currentNode->getNodeID());
if (fail)
_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
}
void _moveTasks() {
// used one in lead, so move forward
for (int i = 0; i < taskCnt-1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 25; j++) {
tasks[i][j] = tasks[i+1][j+1];
}
}
taskCnt--;
}
public:
int _CommMode = 0;
int _opperation = 0;
uint16_t _pullup;
uint16_t _pin;
int8_t _txPin;
int taskCnt = 0;
HardwareSerial *_serialD;
bool testAndStripMasterFlag(uint8_t *buf) {
if (buf[0] != 0xFF) return false; // why did we not get a master flag? bad node?
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(buf)-1; i++) buf[i] = buf[i+1]; // shift array to begining
return true;
}
void addTask(int nodeID, int taskNum, int paramCnt, int *param[]) {
taskCnt++;
tasks[taskCnt][0] = nodeID;
tasks[taskCnt][1] = taskNum;
tasks[taskCnt][2] = paramCnt;
switch(taskNum) {
case 0:
// empty task
case 1: // configure pin
tasks[taskCnt][3] = (int) param[0]; // pin
tasks[taskCnt][4] = (int) param[1]; // configtype
tasks[taskCnt][5] = (int) param[2]; // paramcount
for (int i=0; i < (int) param[2]; i++) {
tasks[taskCnt][i+6] = (int) param[i+3]; // params
}
break;
case 2: // configure analog in
tasks[taskCnt][3] = (int) param[0]; // pin
break;
case 3: // write pin
tasks[taskCnt][3] = (int) param[0]; // pin
tasks[taskCnt][4] = (int) param[1]; // value
break;
case 4: // write analog
tasks[taskCnt][3] = (int) param[0]; // pin
tasks[taskCnt][4] = (int) param[1]; // value
tasks[taskCnt][5] = (int) param[2]; // profile
tasks[taskCnt][6] = (int) param[3]; // duration
break;
}
}
int getNextTask(int *buf[]) {
int paramCnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
if (i == 0) buf[i] = (int*) tasks[0][i]; // NodeID
if (i == 1) buf[i] = (int*) tasks[0][i]; // tasknum
else if (i == 2) paramCnt = tasks[0][i]; // paramcnt
else {
buf[i-1] = (int*) tasks[0][i];
}
}
_moveTasks();
}
void updateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len);
bool crcGood(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len);
void clearRxBuffer();
static void create(HardwareSerial& serial, unsigned long baud, uint16_t cycleTimeMS=500, int8_t txPin=-1, int waitA=10) {
new RS485(serial, baud, cycleTimeMS, txPin, waitA);
}
// Device-specific initialisation
void _begin() override {
_serialD->begin(_baud, SERIAL_8N1);
unsigned long bitsPerChar = 10;
if (_baud <= 19200) {
_charTimeout = (bitsPerChar * 2500000) / _baud;
_frameTimeout = (bitsPerChar * 4500000) / _baud;
}
else {
_charTimeout = (bitsPerChar * 1000000) / _baud + 750;
_frameTimeout = (bitsPerChar * 1000000) / _baud + 1750;
}
clearRxBuffer();
#if defined(RS485_STM_OK)
pinMode(RS485_STM_OK, OUTPUT);
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_OK,LOW);
#endif
#if defined(RS485_STM_FAIL)
pinMode(RS485_STM_FAIL, OUTPUT);
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_FAIL,LOW);
#endif
#if defined(RS485_STM_COMM)
pinMode(RS485_STM_COMM, OUTPUT);
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RS485_STM_COMM,LOW);
#endif
#if defined(DIAG_IO)
_display();
#endif
}
// Loop function (overriding IODevice::_loop(unsigned long))
void _loop(unsigned long currentMicros) override;
// Display information about the device
void _display() override {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 Configured on Vpins:%d-%d %S"), _firstVpin, _firstVpin+_nPins-1,
_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED ? F("OFFLINE") : F("OK"));
}
// Locate RS485node object with specified nodeID.
RS485node *findNode(uint8_t nodeID) {
for (RS485node *node = _nodeListStart; node != NULL; node = node->getNext()) {
if (node->getNodeID() == nodeID)
return node;
}
return NULL;
}
// Add new RS485node to the list of nodes for this bus.
void addNode(RS485node *newNode) {
if (!_nodeListStart)
_nodeListStart = newNode;
if (!_nodeListEnd)
_nodeListEnd = newNode;
else
_nodeListEnd->setNext(newNode);
//DIAG(F("RS485: 260h nodeID:%d _nodeListStart:%d _nodeListEnd:%d"), newNode, _nodeListStart, _nodeListEnd);
}
protected:
RS485(HardwareSerial &serial, unsigned long baud, uint16_t cycleTimeMS, int8_t txPin, int waitA);
public:
uint8_t getBusNumber() {
return _busNo;
}
static RS485 *findBus(uint8_t busNo) {
for (RS485 *bus=_busList; bus!=NULL; bus=bus->_nextBus) {
if (bus->_busNo == busNo) return bus;
}
return NULL;
}
};
#endif // IO_RS485_H

250
IO_RSproto.cpp Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
/*
* © 2024, Travis Farmer. All rights reserved.
* © 2024, Chris Bulliner. All rights reserved. https://github.com/CMB27
*
* This file is part of DCC++EX API
*
* This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with CommandStation. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "IO_RSproto.h"
#include "defines.h"
/************************************************************
* RSproto implementation
************************************************************/
// Constructor for RSproto
RSproto::RSproto(HardwareSerial &serial, unsigned long baud, uint16_t cycleTimeMS, int8_t txPin, int waitA) {
_baud = baud;
_serialD = &serial;
_txPin = txPin;
_busNo = 0;
_cycleTime = cycleTimeMS * 1000UL; // convert from milliseconds to microseconds.
_waitA = waitA;
if (_waitA < 3) _waitA = 3;
// Add device to HAL device chain
IODevice::addDevice(this);
// Add bus to RSproto chain.
_nextBus = _busList;
_busList = this;
}
/* -= updateCrc =-
//
// add the CRC value from _calculateCrc (2 bytes) to the buffer.
*/
void RSproto::updateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t crc = _calculateCrc(buf, len);
buf[len] = lowByte(crc);
buf[len + 1] = highByte(crc);
}
/* -= crcGood =-
//
// return TRUE if CRC matched between buffer copy, and calculated.
*/
bool RSproto::crcGood(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t aduCrc = buf[len] | (buf[len + 1] << 8);
uint16_t calculatedCrc = _calculateCrc(buf, len);
if (aduCrc == calculatedCrc) return true;
else return false;
}
/* -= calculateCrc =-
//
// use bitwise XOR to calculate CRC into a 16-bit byte
*/
uint16_t RSproto::_calculateCrc(uint8_t *buf, uint16_t len) {
uint16_t value = 0xFFFF;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
value ^= (uint16_t)buf[i];
for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
bool lsb = value & 1;
value >>= 1;
if (lsb == true) value ^= 0xA001;
}
}
return value;
}
/* -= clearRxBuffer =-
//
// BLOCKING method to empty stray data in RX buffer
*/
void RSproto::clearRxBuffer() {
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available() > 0) {
startMicros = micros();
_serialD->read();
}
} while (micros() - startMicros < _frameTimeout);
}
/* -= _loop =-
//
// Main loop function for RSproto.
// Work through list of nodes. For each node, in separate loop entries
// When the slot time has finished, move on to the next device.
*/
void RSproto::_loop(unsigned long currentMicros) {
_currentMicros = currentMicros;
if (_currentNode == NULL) {
_currentNode = _nodeListStart;
}
if (_currentMicros - _cycleStartTime < _cycleTime) return;
_cycleStartTime = _currentMicros;
if (_currentNode == NULL) return;
bool flagOK = true;
#if defined(RSproto_STM_COMM)
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_COMM,HIGH);
#endif
if (!_busy) {
memcpy(_currentNode->_analogueInputStates, _currentNode->_analogueInputBuffer, _currentNode->_analoguePinBytes); // Copy I2C input buffer to states
switch (_refreshOperation) {
case 0:
if (_currentNode->_numDigitalPins>0 && currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh) { // Delay for digital read refresh
// Issue new read request for digital states. As the request is non-blocking, the buffer has to
// be allocated from heap (object state).
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDD;
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[1] = _currentNode->getNodeID();
updateCrc(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer,sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer)-2);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer, sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer));
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
_currentNode->_digitalInputStates[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < (_currentNode->_numDigitalPins+7)/8);
if (!crcGood(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates,sizeof(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)-2)) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 CRC error on node %d"), _currentNode->getNodeID());
flagOK = false;
}
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)) DIAG(F("Foreign RSproto Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (!waitReceive) _refreshOperation++;
_lastDigitalRead = currentMicros;
_readState = RDS_DIGITAL;
}
break;
case 1:
if (_currentNode->_numAnaloguePins>0 && currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
// Issue new read for analogue input states
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDAN;
_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer[1] = _currentNode->getNodeID();
updateCrc(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer,sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer)-2);
if (waitReceive == false) {
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, HIGH);
_serialD->write(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer, sizeof(_currentNode->_readCommandBuffer));
_serialD->flush();
if (_txPin != VPIN_NONE) ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(_txPin, LOW);
}
unsigned long startMillis = millis();
if (!_serialD->available()) {
if (waitReceive == true && _waitCounter > _waitA) {
flagOK = false;
} else waitReceive = true;
}
uint16_t len = 0;
unsigned long startMicros = micros();
do {
if (_serialD->available()) {
startMicros = micros();
_currentNode->_analogueInputBuffer[len] = _serialD->read();
len++;
}
} while (micros() - startMicros <= 500 && len < _currentNode->_numAnaloguePins * 2);
if (!crcGood(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates,sizeof(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)-2)) {
DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander485 CRC error on node %d"), _currentNode->getNodeID());
flagOK = false;
}
if (!testAndStripMasterFlag(_currentNode->_digitalInputStates)) DIAG(F("Foreign RSproto Device! no master flag from node %d"),_currentNode->getNodeID());
if (!waitReceive) _refreshOperation = 0;
_lastAnalogueRead = currentMicros;
_readState = RDS_ANALOGUE;
}
break;
if(flagOK && !waitReceive) _currentNode = _currentNode->getNext();
}
}
#if defined(RSproto_STM_OK)
if (flagOK == true) {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_OK,HIGH);
} else {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_OK,LOW);
}
#endif
#if defined(RSproto_STM_FAIL)
if (flagOK == false) {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_FAIL,HIGH);
} else {
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_FAIL,LOW);
}
#endif
#if defined(RSproto_STM_COMM)
ArduinoPins::fastWriteDigital(RSproto_STM_COMM,LOW);
#endif
}
// Link to chain of RSproto instances, left over from RSproto template.
RSproto *RSproto::_busList = NULL;
/************************************************************
* RSprotonode implementation
************************************************************/
/* -= RSprotonode =-
//
// Constructor for RSprotonode object
*/
RSprotonode::RSprotonode(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, uint8_t nodeID) {
_firstVpin = firstVpin;
_nPins = nPins;
_busNo = 0;
_nodeID = nodeID;
if (_nodeID > 254) _nodeID = 254;
// Add this device to HAL device list
IODevice::addDevice(this);
_display();
// Add RSprotonode to RSproto object.
RSproto *bus = RSproto::findBus(_busNo);
if (bus != NULL) {
bus->addNode(this);
return;
}
}

View File

@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ private:
char _type; char _type;
RSprotonode *_next = NULL; RSprotonode *_next = NULL;
bool _initialised = false; bool _initialised = false;
RSproto* bus = NULL; RSproto *bus = NULL;
// EX-IOExpander protocol flags // EX-IOExpander protocol flags
enum { enum {
EXIOINIT = 0xE0, // Flag to initialise setup procedure EXIOINIT = 0xE0, // Flag to initialise setup procedure