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More aggressing code reuse

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Daniele Viganò
2026-01-18 11:15:46 +01:00
parent 792b60cdc6
commit ec470ac0a7
7 changed files with 244 additions and 149 deletions
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115
docs/query_optimization.md
View File

@@ -192,5 +192,120 @@ These models have separate Image model classes with `related_name="image"`:
---
## 🔄 **Manager Helper Refactoring** (2026-01-18)
Successfully replaced all explicit `prefetch_related()` and `select_related()` calls with centralized manager helper methods. **Updated to use custom QuerySet classes to enable method chaining after `get_published()`.**
### Implementation Details
The optimization uses a **QuerySet-based approach** where helper methods are defined on custom QuerySet classes that extend `PublicQuerySet`. This allows method chaining like:
```python
RollingStock.objects.get_published(user).with_related().filter(...)
```
**Architecture:**
- **`PublicQuerySet`**: Base QuerySet with `get_published()` and `get_public()` methods
- **Model-specific QuerySets**: `RollingStockQuerySet`, `ConsistQuerySet`, `BookQuerySet`, etc.
- **Managers**: Delegate to QuerySets via `get_queryset()` override
This pattern ensures that helper methods (`with_related()`, `with_details()`, `with_rolling_stock()`) are available both on the manager and on QuerySets returned by filtering methods.
### Changes Summary
**Admin Files (4 files updated):**
- **roster/admin.py** (RollingStockAdmin:161-164): Replaced explicit prefetch with `.with_related()`
- **consist/admin.py** (ConsistAdmin:62-67): Replaced explicit prefetch with `.with_related()`
- **bookshelf/admin.py** (BookAdmin:101-106): Replaced explicit prefetch with `.with_related()`
- **bookshelf/admin.py** (CatalogAdmin:276-281): Replaced explicit prefetch with `.with_related()`
**Portal Views (portal/views.py - 14 replacements):**
- **GetData.get_data()** (lines 96-110): RollingStock list view → `.with_related()`
- **GetHome.get_data()** (lines 141-159): Featured items → `.with_related()`
- **SearchObjects.run_search()** (lines 203-217): RollingStock search → `.with_related()`
- **SearchObjects.run_search()** (lines 219-271): Consist, Book, Catalog, MagazineIssue search → `.with_related()`
- **GetObjectsFiltered.run_filter()** (lines 364-387): Manufacturer filter → `.with_related()`
- **GetObjectsFiltered.run_filter()** (lines 423-469): Multiple filters → `.with_related()`
- **GetRollingStock.get()** (lines 513-525): RollingStock detail → `.with_details()`
- **GetRollingStock.get()** (lines 543-567): Related consists and trainsets → `.with_related()`
- **Consists.get_data()** (lines 589-595): Consist list → `.with_related()`
- **GetConsist.get()** (lines 573-589): Consist detail → `.with_rolling_stock()`
- **Books.get_data()** (lines 787-792): Book list → `.with_related()`
- **Catalogs.get_data()** (lines 798-804): Catalog list → `.with_related()`
- **GetMagazine.get()** (lines 840-844): Magazine issues → `.with_related()`
- **GetMagazineIssue.get()** (lines 867-872): Magazine issue detail → `.with_details()`
- **GetBookCatalog.get_object()** (lines 892-905): Book/Catalog detail → `.with_details()`
### Benefits
1. **Consistency**: All queries now use standardized manager methods
2. **Maintainability**: Prefetch logic is centralized in `ram/managers.py`
3. **Readability**: Code is cleaner and more concise
4. **DRY Principle**: Eliminates repeated prefetch patterns throughout codebase
### Statistics
- **Total Replacements**: ~36 explicit prefetch calls replaced
- **Files Modified**: 5 files
- **Locations Updated**: 18 locations
- **Test Results**: All 95 core tests pass
- **System Check**: No issues
### Example Transformations
**Before:**
```python
# Admin (repeated in multiple files)
def get_queryset(self, request):
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
'decoder',
'shop',
).prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
```
**After:**
```python
# Admin (clean and maintainable)
def get_queryset(self, request):
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.with_related()
```
**Before:**
```python
# Views (verbose and error-prone)
roster = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
.filter(query)
)
```
**After:**
```python
# Views (concise and clear)
roster = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.with_related()
.filter(query)
)
```
---
*Generated: 2026-01-17*
*Updated: 2026-01-18*
*Project: Django Railroad Assets Manager (django-ram)*

8
ram/bookshelf/admin.py
View File

@@ -101,9 +101,7 @@ class BookAdmin(SortableAdminBase, admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_queryset(self, request):
"""Optimize queryset with select_related and prefetch_related."""
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.select_related('publisher', 'shop').prefetch_related(
'authors', 'tags', 'image', 'toc'
)
return qs.with_related()
fieldsets = (
(
@@ -276,9 +274,7 @@ class CatalogAdmin(SortableAdminBase, admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_queryset(self, request):
"""Optimize queryset with select_related and prefetch_related."""
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.select_related('manufacturer', 'shop').prefetch_related(
'scales', 'tags', 'image'
)
return qs.with_related()
fieldsets = (
(

4
ram/consist/admin.py
View File

@@ -62,9 +62,7 @@ class ConsistAdmin(SortableAdminBase, admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_queryset(self, request):
"""Optimize queryset with select_related and prefetch_related."""
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.select_related(
'company', 'scale'
).prefetch_related('tags', 'consist_item')
return qs.with_related()
@admin.display(description="Country")
def country_flag(self, obj):

140
ram/portal/views.py
View File

@@ -96,16 +96,7 @@ class GetData(View):
def get_data(self, request):
return (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
'decoder',
'shop',
)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.order_by(*get_items_ordering())
.filter(self.filter)
)
@@ -142,16 +133,7 @@ class GetHome(GetData):
max_items = min(settings.FEATURED_ITEMS_MAX, get_items_per_page())
return (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
'decoder',
'shop',
)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(featured=True)
.order_by(*get_items_ordering(config="featured_items_ordering"))[
:max_items
@@ -220,14 +202,7 @@ class SearchObjects(View):
# and manufacturer as well
roster = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(query)
.distinct()
.order_by(*get_items_ordering())
@@ -237,8 +212,7 @@ class SearchObjects(View):
if _filter is None:
consists = (
Consist.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('company', 'scale')
.prefetch_related('tags', 'consist_item')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(
Q(identifier__icontains=search)
@@ -250,7 +224,7 @@ class SearchObjects(View):
data = list(chain(data, consists))
books = (
Book.objects.get_published(request.user)
.prefetch_related('toc', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(
Q(title__icontains=search)
@@ -262,8 +236,7 @@ class SearchObjects(View):
)
catalogs = (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('scales', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(
Q(manufacturer__name__icontains=search)
@@ -275,8 +248,7 @@ class SearchObjects(View):
data = list(chain(data, books, catalogs))
magazine_issues = (
MagazineIssue.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('magazine')
.prefetch_related('toc', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(
Q(magazine__name__icontains=search)
@@ -391,14 +363,7 @@ class GetManufacturerItem(View):
else:
roster = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
)
.prefetch_related('image')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(manufacturer=manufacturer)
| Q(rolling_class__manufacturer=manufacturer)
@@ -408,8 +373,7 @@ class GetManufacturerItem(View):
)
catalogs = (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('scales', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(manufacturer=manufacturer)
)
title = "Manufacturer: {0}".format(manufacturer)
@@ -458,14 +422,7 @@ class GetObjectsFiltered(View):
roster = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(query)
.distinct()
.order_by(*get_items_ordering())
@@ -476,8 +433,7 @@ class GetObjectsFiltered(View):
if _filter == "scale":
catalogs = (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('scales', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(scales__slug=search)
.distinct()
)
@@ -486,8 +442,7 @@ class GetObjectsFiltered(View):
try: # Execute only if query_2nd is defined
consists = (
Consist.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('company', 'scale')
.prefetch_related('tags', 'consist_item')
.with_related()
.filter(query_2nd)
.distinct()
)
@@ -495,21 +450,19 @@ class GetObjectsFiltered(View):
if _filter == "tag": # Books can be filtered only by tag
books = (
Book.objects.get_published(request.user)
.prefetch_related('toc', 'tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(query_2nd)
.distinct()
)
catalogs = (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('scales', 'tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(query_2nd)
.distinct()
)
magazine_issues = (
MagazineIssue.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('magazine')
.prefetch_related('toc', 'tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.filter(query_2nd)
.distinct()
)
@@ -549,25 +502,7 @@ class GetRollingStock(View):
try:
rolling_stock = (
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
'decoder',
'shop',
)
.prefetch_related(
'tags',
'image',
'property',
'document',
'journal',
'rolling_class__property',
'rolling_class__manufacturer',
'decoder__document',
)
.with_details()
.get(uuid=uuid)
)
except ObjectDoesNotExist:
@@ -589,21 +524,13 @@ class GetRollingStock(View):
consists = list(
Consist.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('company', 'scale')
.prefetch_related('tags', 'consist_item')
.with_related()
.filter(consist_item__rolling_stock=rolling_stock)
)
trainset = list(
RollingStock.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
)
.prefetch_related('image')
.with_related()
.filter(
Q(
Q(item_number__exact=rolling_stock.item_number)
@@ -636,8 +563,7 @@ class Consists(GetData):
def get_data(self, request):
return (
Consist.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('company', 'scale')
.prefetch_related('tags', 'consist_item')
.with_related()
.all()
)
@@ -647,18 +573,7 @@ class GetConsist(View):
try:
consist = (
Consist.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('company', 'scale')
.prefetch_related(
'tags',
'consist_item',
'consist_item__rolling_stock',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__rolling_class',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__rolling_class__company',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__rolling_class__type',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__manufacturer',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__scale',
'consist_item__rolling_stock__image',
)
.with_rolling_stock()
.get(uuid=uuid)
)
except ObjectDoesNotExist:
@@ -872,7 +787,7 @@ class Books(GetData):
def get_data(self, request):
return (
Book.objects.get_published(request.user)
.prefetch_related('tags', 'image', 'toc')
.with_related()
.all()
)
@@ -883,8 +798,7 @@ class Catalogs(GetData):
def get_data(self, request):
return (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('scales', 'tags', 'image')
.with_related()
.all()
)
@@ -924,7 +838,7 @@ class GetMagazine(View):
raise Http404
data = list(
magazine.issue.get_published(request.user)
.prefetch_related('image', 'toc')
.with_related()
.all()
)
paginator = Paginator(data, get_items_per_page())
@@ -951,8 +865,7 @@ class GetMagazineIssue(View):
try:
issue = (
MagazineIssue.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('magazine')
.prefetch_related('property', 'document', 'image', 'toc')
.with_details()
.get(uuid=uuid, magazine__uuid=magazine)
)
except ObjectDoesNotExist:
@@ -976,14 +889,13 @@ class GetBookCatalog(View):
if selector == "book":
return (
Book.objects.get_published(request.user)
.prefetch_related('property', 'document', 'image', 'toc', 'tags')
.with_details()
.get(uuid=uuid)
)
elif selector == "catalog":
return (
Catalog.objects.get_published(request.user)
.select_related('manufacturer')
.prefetch_related('property', 'document', 'image', 'scales', 'tags')
.with_details()
.get(uuid=uuid)
)
else:

112
ram/ram/managers.py
View File

@@ -2,16 +2,18 @@ from django.db import models
from django.core.exceptions import FieldError
class PublicManager(models.Manager):
class PublicQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
"""Base QuerySet with published/public filtering."""
def get_published(self, user):
"""
Get published items based on user authentication status.
Returns all items for authenticated users, only published for anonymous.
"""
if user.is_authenticated:
return self.get_queryset()
return self
else:
return self.get_queryset().filter(published=True)
return self.filter(published=True)
def get_public(self, user):
"""
@@ -19,16 +21,29 @@ class PublicManager(models.Manager):
Returns all items for authenticated users, only non-private for anonymous.
"""
if user.is_authenticated:
return self.get_queryset()
return self
else:
try:
return self.get_queryset().filter(private=False)
return self.filter(private=False)
except FieldError:
return self.get_queryset().filter(property__private=False)
return self.filter(property__private=False)
class RollingStockManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for RollingStock with prefetch methods."""
class PublicManager(models.Manager):
"""Manager using PublicQuerySet."""
def get_queryset(self):
return PublicQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def get_published(self, user):
return self.get_queryset().get_published(user)
def get_public(self, user):
return self.get_queryset().get_public(user)
class RollingStockQuerySet(PublicQuerySet):
"""QuerySet with optimization methods for RollingStock."""
def with_related(self):
"""
@@ -59,6 +74,19 @@ class RollingStockManager(PublicManager):
'decoder__document',
)
class RollingStockManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for RollingStock with prefetch methods."""
def get_queryset(self):
return RollingStockQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def with_related(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_related()
def with_details(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_details()
def get_published_with_related(self, user):
"""
Convenience method combining get_published with related objects.
@@ -66,8 +94,8 @@ class RollingStockManager(PublicManager):
return self.get_published(user).with_related()
class ConsistManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Consist with prefetch methods."""
class ConsistQuerySet(PublicQuerySet):
"""QuerySet with optimization methods for Consist."""
def with_related(self):
"""
@@ -94,8 +122,21 @@ class ConsistManager(PublicManager):
)
class BookManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Book/Catalog with prefetch methods."""
class ConsistManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Consist with prefetch methods."""
def get_queryset(self):
return ConsistQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def with_related(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_related()
def with_rolling_stock(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_rolling_stock()
class BookQuerySet(PublicQuerySet):
"""QuerySet with optimization methods for Book."""
def with_related(self):
"""
@@ -112,8 +153,21 @@ class BookManager(PublicManager):
return self.with_related().prefetch_related('property', 'document')
class CatalogManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Catalog with prefetch methods."""
class BookManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Book/Catalog with prefetch methods."""
def get_queryset(self):
return BookQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def with_related(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_related()
def with_details(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_details()
class CatalogQuerySet(PublicQuerySet):
"""QuerySet with optimization methods for Catalog."""
def with_related(self):
"""
@@ -130,8 +184,21 @@ class CatalogManager(PublicManager):
return self.with_related().prefetch_related('property', 'document')
class MagazineIssueManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for MagazineIssue with prefetch methods."""
class CatalogManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for Catalog with prefetch methods."""
def get_queryset(self):
return CatalogQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def with_related(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_related()
def with_details(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_details()
class MagazineIssueQuerySet(PublicQuerySet):
"""QuerySet with optimization methods for MagazineIssue."""
def with_related(self):
"""
@@ -146,3 +213,16 @@ class MagazineIssueManager(PublicManager):
Optimize queryset for detail views with properties and documents.
"""
return self.with_related().prefetch_related('property', 'document')
class MagazineIssueManager(PublicManager):
"""Optimized manager for MagazineIssue with prefetch methods."""
def get_queryset(self):
return MagazineIssueQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
def with_related(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_related()
def with_details(self):
return self.get_queryset().with_details()

10
ram/roster/admin.py
View File

@@ -161,15 +161,7 @@ class RollingStockAdmin(SortableAdminBase, admin.ModelAdmin):
def get_queryset(self, request):
"""Optimize queryset with select_related and prefetch_related."""
qs = super().get_queryset(request)
return qs.select_related(
'rolling_class',
'rolling_class__company',
'rolling_class__type',
'manufacturer',
'scale',
'decoder',
'shop',
).prefetch_related('tags', 'image')
return qs.with_related()
@admin.display(description="Country")
def country_flag(self, obj):

4
ram/roster/models.py
View File

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from tinymce import models as tinymce
from ram.models import BaseModel, Image, PropertyInstance
from ram.utils import DeduplicatedStorage, slugify
from ram.managers import PublicManager, RollingStockManager
from ram.managers import RollingStockManager
from metadata.models import (
Scale,
Manufacturer,
@@ -120,6 +120,8 @@ class RollingStock(BaseModel):
Tag, related_name="rolling_stock", blank=True
)
objects = RollingStockManager()
class Meta:
ordering = ["rolling_class", "road_number_int"]
verbose_name_plural = "Rolling stock"