3.0.11

Reinstate write method for LCD.

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install Python Wheel
       run: pip install wheel
     - name: Install PlatformIO Core
-      run: pip install -U https://github.com/platformio/platformio/archive/v4.2.1.zip
+      run: pip install -U platformio
     - name: Copy generic config over
       run: cp config.example.h config.h
     - name: Compile Command Station (AVR)

.github/workflows/sha.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: SHA 
+
+# Run this workflow ever time code is pushed to a branch
+# other than `main` in your repository
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  # Set the job key. The key is displayed as the job name
+  # when a job name is not provided
+  sha:
+    # Name the Job
+    name: Commit SHA 
+    # Set the type of machine to run on
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master'
+    steps:
+      # Checks out a copy of your repository on the ubuntu-latest machine
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      
+      - name: Create SHA File
+        run: |
+          sha=$(git rev-parse --short "$GITHUB_SHA")
+          echo "#define GITHUB_SHA \"$sha\"" > GITHUB_SHA.h
+
+      - uses: EndBug/add-and-commit@v4 # You can change this to use a specific version
+        with:
+          add: 'GITHUB_SHA.h'
+          message: 'Committing a SHA'
+
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} # Leave this line unchanged
+          

.gitignore

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@ Release/*
 .gcc-flags.json
 .pio/
 .vscode/
-config.h
+config.h
+.vscode/extensions.json
+mySetup.h

ATMEGA2560/Timer.h

@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef ATMEGA2560Timer_h
-#define ATMEGA2560Timer_h
-
-#include "../VirtualTimer.h"
-#include <Arduino.h>
-
-class Timer : public VirtualTimer {
-private:
-    int pwmPeriod;
-    unsigned long timer_resolution;
-    unsigned char clockSelectBits;
-    int timer_num;
-    unsigned long lastMicroseconds;
-public:
-void (*isrCallback)();
-    Timer(int timer_num) {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-        case 3:
-        case 4:
-        case 5:
-            timer_resolution = 65536;
-            break;
-        }
-        this->timer_num = timer_num;
-        lastMicroseconds = 0;
-    }
-
-    void initialize() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12);
-            TCCR1A = _BV(WGM11);
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            TCCR3B = _BV(WGM33) | _BV(WGM32);
-            TCCR3A = _BV(WGM31);
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            TCCR4B = _BV(WGM43) | _BV(WGM42);
-            TCCR4A = _BV(WGM41);
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            TCCR5B = _BV(WGM53) | _BV(WGM52);
-            TCCR5A = _BV(WGM51);
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void setPeriod(unsigned long microseconds) {
-        if(microseconds == lastMicroseconds)
-            return;
-        lastMicroseconds = microseconds;
-        const unsigned long cycles = (F_CPU / 1000000) * microseconds;
-        if (cycles < timer_resolution) {
-            clockSelectBits = 1 << 0;
-            pwmPeriod = cycles;
-        } else
-        if (cycles < timer_resolution * 8) {
-            clockSelectBits = 1 << 1;
-            pwmPeriod = cycles / 8;
-        } else
-        if (cycles < timer_resolution * 64) {
-            clockSelectBits = (1 << 0) | (1 << 1);
-            pwmPeriod = cycles / 64;
-        } else
-        if (cycles < timer_resolution * 256) {
-            clockSelectBits = 1 << 2;
-            pwmPeriod = cycles / 256;
-        } else
-        if (cycles < timer_resolution * 1024) {
-            clockSelectBits = (1 << 2) | (1 << 0);
-            pwmPeriod = cycles / 1024;
-        } else {
-            clockSelectBits = (1 << 2) | (1 << 0);
-            pwmPeriod = timer_resolution - 1;
-        }
-
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            ICR1 = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            ICR3 = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR3B = _BV(WGM33) | _BV(WGM32) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            ICR4 = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR4B = _BV(WGM43) | _BV(WGM42) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            ICR5 = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR5B = _BV(WGM53) | _BV(WGM52) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        }
-        
-    }
-    void start() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = 0;
-            TCNT1 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            TCCR3B = 0;
-            TCNT3 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR3B = _BV(WGM33) | _BV(WGM32) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            TCCR4B = 0;
-            TCNT4 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR4B = _BV(WGM43) | _BV(WGM42) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            TCCR5B = 0;
-            TCNT5 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR5B = _BV(WGM53) | _BV(WGM52) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        }
-        
-        
-    }
-    void stop() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12);
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            TCCR3B = _BV(WGM33) | _BV(WGM32);
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            TCCR4B = _BV(WGM43) | _BV(WGM42);
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            TCCR5B = _BV(WGM53) | _BV(WGM52);
-            break;
-        }        
-    }
-
-    void attachInterrupt(void (*isr)()) {
-        isrCallback = isr;
-	    
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            TIMSK1 = _BV(TOIE1); 
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            TIMSK3 = _BV(TOIE3); 
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            TIMSK4 = _BV(TOIE4); 
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            TIMSK5 = _BV(TOIE5); 
-            break;
-        }   
-    }
-    
-    void detachInterrupt() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        case 1:
-            TIMSK1 = 0; 
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            TIMSK3 = 0; 
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            TIMSK4 = 0; 
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            TIMSK5 = 0; 
-            break;
-        }  
-    }
-
-};
-
-extern Timer TimerA;
-extern Timer TimerB;
-extern Timer TimerC;
-extern Timer TimerD;
-
-
-
-#endif

ATMEGA328/Timer.h

@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef ATMEGA328Timer_h
-#define ATMEGA328Timer_h
-
-#include "../VirtualTimer.h"
-#include <Arduino.h>
-
-class Timer : public VirtualTimer {
-private:
-    int pwmPeriod;
-    unsigned long timer_resolution;
-    unsigned char clockSelectBits;
-    int timer_num;
-    unsigned long lastMicroseconds;
-public:
-void (*isrCallback)();
-    Timer(int timer_num) {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        //case 0:
-        case 2:
-            timer_resolution = 256;
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            timer_resolution = 65536;
-            break;
-        }
-        this->timer_num = timer_num;
-        lastMicroseconds = 0;
-    }
-
-    void initialize() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     TCCR0B = _BV(WGM02);
-        //     TCCR0A = _BV(WGM00) | _BV(WGM01);
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12);
-            TCCR1A = _BV(WGM11);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            TCCR2B = _BV(WGM22);
-            TCCR2A = _BV(WGM20) | _BV(WGM21);
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void setPeriod(unsigned long microseconds) {
-        if(microseconds == lastMicroseconds)
-            return;
-        lastMicroseconds = microseconds;
-        const unsigned long cycles = (F_CPU / 1000000) * microseconds;
-        
-        switch(timer_num) {
-        case 2:
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 0;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 8) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 1;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 8;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 32) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 0 | 1 << 1;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 32;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 64) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 64;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 128) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2 | 1 << 0;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 128;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 256) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2 | 1 << 1;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 256;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 1024) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2 | 1 << 1 | 1 << 0;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 1024;
-            } else {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2 | 1 << 1 | 1 << 0;
-                pwmPeriod = timer_resolution - 1;
-            }
-            break;
-        //case 0:
-        case 1:
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 0;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 8) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 1;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 8;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 64) {
-                clockSelectBits = (1 << 0) | (1 << 1);
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 64;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 256) {
-                clockSelectBits = 1 << 2;
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 256;
-            } else
-            if (cycles < timer_resolution * 1024) {
-                clockSelectBits = (1 << 2) | (1 << 0);
-                pwmPeriod = cycles / 1024;
-            } else {
-                clockSelectBits = (1 << 2) | (1 << 0);
-                pwmPeriod = timer_resolution - 1;
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     OCR0A = pwmPeriod;
-        //     TCCR0B = _BV(WGM02) | clockSelectBits;
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            ICR1 = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            OCR2A = pwmPeriod;
-            TCCR2B = _BV(WGM22) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        }
-        
-    }
-    void start() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     TCCR0B = 0;
-        //     TCNT0 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-        //     TCCR0B = _BV(WGM02) | clockSelectBits;
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = 0;
-            TCNT1 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            TCCR2B = 0;
-            TCNT2 = 0;		// TODO: does this cause an undesired interrupt?
-            TCCR2B = _BV(WGM22) | clockSelectBits;
-            break;
-        }
-        
-        
-    }
-    void stop() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     TCCR0B = _BV(WGM02);
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            TCCR2B = _BV(WGM22);
-            break;
-        }        
-    }
-
-    void attachInterrupt(void (*isr)()) {
-        isrCallback = isr;
-	    
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     TIMSK0 = _BV(TOIE0); 
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            TIMSK1 = _BV(TOIE1); 
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            TIMSK2 = _BV(TOIE2); 
-            break;
-        }   
-    }
-    
-    void detachInterrupt() {
-        switch (timer_num)
-        {
-        // case 0:
-        //     TIMSK0 = 0; 
-        //     break;
-        case 1:
-            TIMSK1 = 0; 
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            TIMSK2 = 0; 
-            break;
-        }  
-    }
-
-};
-
-extern Timer TimerA;
-extern Timer TimerB;
-
-#endif

AnalogReadFast.h

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  AnalogReadFast.h
- * 
- *  Copyright (C) 2016  Albert van Dalen http://www.avdweb.nl
- * 
- *  This file is part of CommandStation.
- *
- *  CommandStation is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- *  (at your option) any later version.
- *
- *  CommandStation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- *  GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef COMMANDSTATION_DCC_ANALOGREADFAST_H_
-#define COMMANDSTATION_DCC_ANALOGREADFAST_H_
-
-#include <Arduino.h>
-
-int inline analogReadFast(uint8_t ADCpin);
-
-int inline analogReadFast(uint8_t ADCpin) 
-{ byte ADCSRAoriginal = ADCSRA; 
-  ADCSRA = (ADCSRA & B11111000) | 4; 
-  int adc = analogRead(ADCpin);  
-  ADCSRA = ADCSRAoriginal;
-  return adc;
-}
-
-#endif  // COMMANDSTATION_DCC_ANALOGREADFAST_H_

ArduinoTimers.h

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-// This file is copied from https://github.com/davidcutting42/ArduinoTimers
-// All Credit and copyright David Cutting
-// The files included below come from the same source.
-// This library had been included with the DCC code to avoid issues with
-// library management for inexperienced users. "It just works (TM)"
- 
-#ifndef ArduinoTimers_h
-#define ArduinoTimers_h
-
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-    #include "ATMEGA2560/Timer.h"
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-    #include "ATMEGA328/Timer.h"
-#else
-    #error "Cannot compile - ArduinoTimers library does not support your board, or you are missing compatible build flags."
-#endif
-
-#endif

CommandDistributor.cpp

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ DCCEXParser * CommandDistributor::parser=0;
 void  CommandDistributor::parse(byte clientId,byte * buffer, RingStream * streamer) {
  if (buffer[0] == '<')  {
     if (!parser) parser = new DCCEXParser();
-    parser->parse(streamer, buffer, true); // tell JMRI parser that ACKS are blocking because we can't handle the async
+    parser->parse(streamer, buffer, streamer); 
   }
   else WiThrottle::getThrottle(clientId)->parse(streamer, buffer);
 }

CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -1,15 +1,49 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+//  DCC-EX CommandStation-EX   Please see https://DCC-EX.com 
 //
-//  This file is a demonstattion of setting up a DCC-EX
-// Command station with optional support for direct connection of WiThrottle devices
-// such as "Engine Driver". If you contriol your layout through JMRI
-// then DON'T connect throttles to this wifi, connect them to JMRI.
+// This file is the main sketch for the Command Station.
+// 
+// CONFIGURATION: 
+// Configuration is normally performed by editing a file called config.h.
+// This file is NOT shipped with the code so that if you pull a later version
+// of the code, your configuration will not be overwritten.
 //
-//  THE WIFI FEATURE IS NOT SUPPORTED ON ARDUINO DEVICES WITH ONLY 2KB RAM.
+// If you used the automatic installer program, config.h will have been created automatically.
+// 
+// To obtain a starting copy of config.h please copy the file config.example.h which is 
+// shipped with the code and may be updated as new features are added. 
+// 
+// If config.h is not found, config.example.h will be used with all defaults.
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include "config.h"
+#if __has_include ( "config.h")
+  #include "config.h"
+#else
+  #warning config.h not found. Using defaults from config.example.h 
+  #include "config.example.h"
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ *  © 2020,2021 Chris Harlow, Harald Barth, David Cutting, 
+ *  Fred Decker, Gregor Baues, Anthony W - Dayton  All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+
 #include "DCCEX.h"
 
 // Create a serial command parser for the USB connection, 
@@ -24,10 +58,9 @@ void setup()
   // Responsibility 1: Start the usb connection for diagnostics
   // This is normally Serial but uses SerialUSB on a SAMD processor
   Serial.begin(115200);
-  DIAG(F("DCC++ EX v%S"),F(VERSION));
    
   CONDITIONAL_LCD_START {
-    // This block is ignored if LCD not in use 
+    // This block is still executed for DIAGS if LCD not in use 
     LCD(0,F("DCC++ EX v%S"),F(VERSION));
     LCD(1,F("Starting")); 
     }   
@@ -35,7 +68,7 @@ void setup()
 //  Start the WiFi interface on a MEGA, Uno cannot currently handle WiFi
 
 #if WIFI_ON
-  WifiInterface::setup(WIFI_SERIAL_LINK_SPEED, F(WIFI_SSID), F(WIFI_PASSWORD), F(WIFI_HOSTNAME), IP_PORT);
+  WifiInterface::setup(WIFI_SERIAL_LINK_SPEED, F(WIFI_SSID), F(WIFI_PASSWORD), F(WIFI_HOSTNAME), IP_PORT, WIFI_CHANNEL);
 #endif // WIFI_ON
 
 #if ETHERNET_ON
@@ -49,9 +82,7 @@ void setup()
 
   // STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD, POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD, FIREBOX_MK1, FIREBOX_MK1S are pre defined in MotorShields.h
 
-  // Optionally a Timer number (1..4) may be passed to DCC::begin to override the default Timer1 used for the
-  // waveform generation.  e.g.  DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD,2); to use timer 2
-
+ 
   DCC::begin(MOTOR_SHIELD_TYPE); 
          
   #if defined(RMFT_ACTIVE) 
@@ -64,6 +95,11 @@ void setup()
         #undef SETUP
        #endif
 
+  #if defined(LCN_SERIAL)
+      LCN_SERIAL.begin(115200); 
+      LCN::init(LCN_SERIAL);
+  #endif
+
   LCD(1,F("Ready")); 
 }
 
@@ -90,17 +126,19 @@ void loop()
   RMFT::loop();
 #endif
 
+  #if defined(LCN_SERIAL) 
+      LCN::loop();
+  #endif
+
   LCDDisplay::loop();  // ignored if LCD not in use 
   
-// Optionally report any decrease in memory (will automatically trigger on first call)
-#if ENABLE_FREE_MEM_WARNING
-  static int ramLowWatermark = 32767; // replaced on first loop 
+  // Report any decrease in memory (will automatically trigger on first call)
+  static int ramLowWatermark = __INT_MAX__; // replaced on first loop 
 
-  int freeNow = freeMemory();
+  int freeNow = minimumFreeMemory();
   if (freeNow < ramLowWatermark)
   {
     ramLowWatermark = freeNow;
     LCD(2,F("Free RAM=%5db"), ramLowWatermark);
   }
-#endif
 }

DCC.cpp

@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
+#include "DIAG.h"
 #include "DCC.h"
 #include "DCCWaveform.h"
-#include "DIAG.h"
 #include "EEStore.h"
 #include "GITHUB_SHA.h"
 #include "version.h"
+#include "FSH.h"
 
 // This module is responsible for converting API calls into
 // messages to be sent to the waveform generator.
@@ -43,17 +44,27 @@ const byte FN_GROUP_3=0x04;
 const byte FN_GROUP_4=0x08;         
 const byte FN_GROUP_5=0x10;         
 
-__FlashStringHelper* DCC::shieldName=NULL;
+FSH* DCC::shieldName=NULL;
+byte DCC::joinRelay=UNUSED_PIN;
+byte DCC::globalSpeedsteps=128;
 
-void DCC::begin(const __FlashStringHelper* motorShieldName, MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver* progDriver, byte timerNumber) {
-  shieldName=(__FlashStringHelper*)motorShieldName;
-  DIAG(F("<iDCC-EX V-%S / %S / %S G-%S>\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), shieldName, F(GITHUB_SHA));
+void DCC::begin(const FSH * motorShieldName, MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver* progDriver) {
+  shieldName=(FSH *)motorShieldName;
+  StringFormatter::send(Serial,F("<iDCC-EX V-%S / %S / %S G-%S>\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), shieldName, F(GITHUB_SHA));
 
   // Load stuff from EEprom
   (void)EEPROM; // tell compiler not to warn this is unused
   EEStore::init();
 
-  DCCWaveform::begin(mainDriver,progDriver, timerNumber); 
+  DCCWaveform::begin(mainDriver,progDriver); 
+}
+
+void DCC::setJoinRelayPin(byte joinRelayPin) {
+  joinRelay=joinRelayPin;
+  if (joinRelay!=UNUSED_PIN) {
+    pinMode(joinRelay,OUTPUT);
+    digitalWrite(joinRelay,LOW);  // LOW is relay disengaged
+  }
 }
 
 void DCC::setThrottle( uint16_t cab, uint8_t tSpeed, bool tDirection)  {
@@ -67,19 +78,45 @@ void DCC::setThrottle2( uint16_t cab, byte speedCode)  {
 
   uint8_t b[4];
   uint8_t nB = 0;
-  // DIAG(F("\nsetSpeedInternal %d %x"),cab,speedCode);
+  // DIAG(F("setSpeedInternal %d %x"),cab,speedCode);
   
   if (cab > 127)
     b[nB++] = highByte(cab) | 0xC0;    // convert train number into a two-byte address
   b[nB++] = lowByte(cab);
-  b[nB++] = SET_SPEED;                      // 128-step speed control byte
-  b[nB++] = speedCode; // for encoding see setThrottle
+
+  if (globalSpeedsteps <= 28) {
+
+    uint8_t speed128 = speedCode & 0x7F;
+    uint8_t speed28;
+    uint8_t code28;
+
+    if (speed128 == 0 || speed128 == 1) { // stop or emergency stop
+      code28 = speed128;
+    } else {
+      speed28= (speed128*10+36)/46;                 // convert 2-127 to 1-28
+/*
+      if (globalSpeedsteps <= 14)                   // Don't want to do 14 steps, to get F0 there is ugly
+        code28 = (speed28+3)/2 | (Value of F0);     // convert 1-28 to DCC 14 step speed code
+      else
+*/
+      code28 = (speed28+3)/2 | ( (speed28 & 1) ? 0 : 0b00010000 ); // convert 1-28 to DCC 28 step speed code
+    }
+    //        Construct command byte from:
+    //        command      speed    direction
+    b[nB++] = 0b01000000 | code28 | ((speedCode & 0x80) ? 0b00100000 : 0);
+
+  } else { // 128 speedsteps
+
+    b[nB++] = SET_SPEED;                      // 128-step speed control byte
+    b[nB++] = speedCode; // for encoding see setThrottle
+
+  }
 
   DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 0);
 }
 
 void DCC::setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte byte1, byte byte2) {
-  // DIAG(F("\nsetFunctionInternal %d %x %x"),cab,byte1,byte2);
+  // DIAG(F("setFunctionInternal %d %x %x"),cab,byte1,byte2);
   byte b[4];
   byte nB = 0;
 
@@ -106,7 +143,28 @@ bool DCC::getThrottleDirection(int cab) {
 
 // Set function to value on or off
 void DCC::setFn( int cab, byte functionNumber, bool on) {
-  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>28) return;
+  if (cab<=0 ) return;
+  
+  if (functionNumber>28) { 
+    //non reminding advanced binary bit set 
+    byte b[5];
+    byte nB = 0;
+    if (cab > 127)
+      b[nB++] = highByte(cab) | 0xC0;    // convert train number into a two-byte address
+    b[nB++] = lowByte(cab);
+    if (functionNumber <= 127) {
+       b[nB++] = 0b11011101;   // Binary State Control Instruction short form  
+       b[nB++] = functionNumber | (on ? 0x80 : 0);
+    }
+    else  {
+       b[nB++] = 0b11000000;   // Binary State Control Instruction long form  
+       b[nB++] = (functionNumber & 0x7F) | (on ? 0x80 : 0);  // low order bits and state flag
+       b[nB++] = functionNumber >>8 ;  // high order bits
+    }
+    DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 4);
+    return;
+  }
+  
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg<0) return;  
 
@@ -147,9 +205,9 @@ int DCC::changeFn( int cab, byte functionNumber, bool pressed) {
   } else {
       // toggle function on press, ignore release
       if (pressed) {
-	  speedTable[reg].functions ^= funcmask;
+        speedTable[reg].functions ^= funcmask;
       }
-      funcstate = speedTable[reg].functions & funcmask;
+      funcstate = (speedTable[reg].functions & funcmask)? 1 : 0;
   }
   updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
   return funcstate;
@@ -190,6 +248,10 @@ void DCC::setAccessory(int address, byte number, bool activate) {
   DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, 2, 4);      // Repeat the packet four times
 }
 
+//
+// writeCVByteMain: Write a byte with PoM on main. This writes
+// the 5 byte sized packet to implement this DCC function
+//
 void DCC::writeCVByteMain(int cab, int cv, byte bValue)  {
   byte b[5];
   byte nB = 0;
@@ -204,6 +266,10 @@ void DCC::writeCVByteMain(int cab, int cv, byte bValue)  {
   DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 4);
 }
 
+//
+// writeCVBitMain: Write a bit of a byte with PoM on main. This writes
+// the 5 byte sized packet to implement this DCC function
+//
 void DCC::writeCVBitMain(int cab, int cv, byte bNum, bool bValue)  {
   byte b[5];
   byte nB = 0;
@@ -222,24 +288,25 @@ void DCC::writeCVBitMain(int cab, int cv, byte bNum, bool bValue)  {
 }
 
 void DCC::setProgTrackSyncMain(bool on) {
+  if (joinRelay!=UNUSED_PIN) digitalWrite(joinRelay,on?HIGH:LOW);
   DCCWaveform::progTrackSyncMain=on;
 }
 void DCC::setProgTrackBoost(bool on) {
   DCCWaveform::progTrackBoosted=on;
 }
 
-__FlashStringHelper* DCC::getMotorShieldName() {
+FSH* DCC::getMotorShieldName() {
   return shieldName;
 }
   
-const ackOp PROGMEM WRITE_BIT0_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH WRITE_BIT0_PROG[] = {
      BASELINE,
      W0,WACK,
      V0, WACK,  // validate bit is 0 
      ITC1,      // if acked, callback(1)
      FAIL  // callback (-1)
 };
-const ackOp PROGMEM WRITE_BIT1_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH WRITE_BIT1_PROG[] = {
      BASELINE,
      W1,WACK,
      V1, WACK,  // validate bit is 1 
@@ -247,7 +314,7 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM WRITE_BIT1_PROG[] = {
      FAIL  // callback (-1)
 };
 
-const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BIT0_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH VERIFY_BIT0_PROG[] = {
      BASELINE,
      V0, WACK,  // validate bit is 0 
      ITC0,      // if acked, callback(0)
@@ -255,7 +322,7 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BIT0_PROG[] = {
      ITC1,       
      FAIL  // callback (-1)
 };
-const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BIT1_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH VERIFY_BIT1_PROG[] = {
      BASELINE,
      V1, WACK,  // validate bit is 1 
      ITC1,      // if acked, callback(1)
@@ -264,7 +331,7 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BIT1_PROG[] = {
      FAIL  // callback (-1)
 };
 
-const ackOp PROGMEM READ_BIT_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH READ_BIT_PROG[] = {
      BASELINE,
      V1, WACK,  // validate bit is 1 
      ITC1,      // if acked, callback(1)
@@ -273,15 +340,15 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM READ_BIT_PROG[] = {
      FAIL       // bit not readable 
      };
      
-const ackOp PROGMEM WRITE_BYTE_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH WRITE_BYTE_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
-      WB,WACK,    // Write 
-      VB,WACK,     // validate byte 
-      ITC1,       // if ok callback (1)
+      WB,WACK,ITC1,    // Write and callback(1) if ACK 
+      // handle decoders that dont ack a write 
+      VB,WACK,ITC1,    // validate byte and callback(1) if correct 
       FAIL        // callback (-1)
       };
       
-const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BYTE_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH VERIFY_BYTE_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
       VB,WACK,     // validate byte 
       ITCB,       // if ok callback value
@@ -306,7 +373,7 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM VERIFY_BYTE_PROG[] = {
       FAIL };
       
       
-const ackOp PROGMEM READ_CV_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH READ_CV_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
       STARTMERGE,    //clear bit and byte values ready for merge pass
       // each bit is validated against 0 and the result inverted in MERGE
@@ -329,7 +396,7 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM READ_CV_PROG[] = {
       FAIL };          // verification failed
 
 
-const ackOp PROGMEM LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
       SETCV, (ackOp)1,   
       SETBIT, (ackOp)7,
@@ -399,110 +466,106 @@ const ackOp PROGMEM LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       FAIL
       };    
 
-const ackOp PROGMEM SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
       SETCV,(ackOp)19,
       SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
-      WB,WACK,     // ignore router without cv19 support
+      WB,WACK,     // ignore dedcoder without cv19 support
       // Turn off long address flag
       SETCV,(ackOp)29,
       SETBIT,(ackOp)5,
-      W0,WACK,NAKFAIL,
+      W0,WACK,
+      V0,WACK,NAKFAIL,
       SETCV, (ackOp)1,   
       SETBYTEL,   // low byte of word 
-      WB,WACK,NAKFAIL,
+      WB,WACK,    // some decoders don't ACK writes
       VB,WACK,ITCB,
       FAIL
 };    
 
-const ackOp PROGMEM LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
+const ackOp FLASH LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
       // Clear consist CV 19
       SETCV,(ackOp)19,
       SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
-      WB,WACK,     // ignore router without cv19 support
+      WB,WACK,     // ignore decoder without cv19 support
       // Turn on long address flag cv29 bit 5
       SETCV,(ackOp)29,
       SETBIT,(ackOp)5,
-      W1,WACK,NAKFAIL,
+      W1,WACK,
+      V1,WACK,NAKFAIL,
       // Store high byte of address in cv 17
       SETCV, (ackOp)17,
       SETBYTEH,   // high byte of word 
-      WB,WACK,NAKFAIL,
+      WB,WACK,
       VB,WACK,NAKFAIL,
       // store 
       SETCV, (ackOp)18,
       SETBYTEL,   // low byte of word 
-      WB,WACK,NAKFAIL,
+      WB,WACK,
       VB,WACK,ITC1,   // callback(1) means Ok
       FAIL
 };    
 
-// On the following prog-track functions blocking defaults to false.
-// blocking=true forces the API to block, waiting for the response and invoke the callback BEFORE returning.
-// During that wait, other parts of the system will be unresponsive.
-// blocking =false means the callback will be called some time after the API returns (typically a few tenths of a second)
-//  but that would be very inconvenient in a Wifi situaltion where the stream becomes 
-//  unuavailable immediately after the API rerturns. 
-
-void  DCC::writeCVByte(int cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
-  ackManagerSetup(cv, byteValue,  WRITE_BYTE_PROG, callback, blocking);
+void  DCC::writeCVByte(int16_t cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
+  ackManagerSetup(cv, byteValue,  WRITE_BYTE_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-
-void DCC::writeCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
+void DCC::writeCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
   if (bitNum >= 8) callback(-1);
-  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum, bitValue?WRITE_BIT1_PROG:WRITE_BIT0_PROG, callback, blocking);
+  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum, bitValue?WRITE_BIT1_PROG:WRITE_BIT0_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-void  DCC::verifyCVByte(int cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
-  ackManagerSetup(cv, byteValue,  VERIFY_BYTE_PROG, callback, blocking);
+void  DCC::verifyCVByte(int16_t cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
+  ackManagerSetup(cv, byteValue,  VERIFY_BYTE_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-
-void DCC::verifyCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
+void DCC::verifyCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
   if (bitNum >= 8) callback(-1);
-  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum, bitValue?VERIFY_BIT1_PROG:VERIFY_BIT0_PROG, callback, blocking);
+  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum, bitValue?VERIFY_BIT1_PROG:VERIFY_BIT0_PROG, callback);
 }
 
 
-void DCC::readCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
+void DCC::readCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
   if (bitNum >= 8) callback(-1);
-  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum,READ_BIT_PROG, callback, blocking);
+  else ackManagerSetup(cv, bitNum,READ_BIT_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-void DCC::readCV(int cv, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking)  {
-  ackManagerSetup(cv, 0,READ_CV_PROG, callback, blocking);
+void DCC::readCV(int16_t cv, ACK_CALLBACK callback)  {
+  ackManagerSetup(cv, 0,READ_CV_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-void DCC::getLocoId(ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking) {
-  ackManagerSetup(0,0, LOCO_ID_PROG, callback, blocking);
+void DCC::getLocoId(ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
+  ackManagerSetup(0,0, LOCO_ID_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-void DCC::setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking) {
+void DCC::setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
   if (id<1 || id>10239) { //0x27FF according to standard
     callback(-1);
     return;
   }
   if (id<=127)
-      ackManagerSetup(id, SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG, callback, blocking);
+      ackManagerSetup(id, SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG, callback);
   else
-      ackManagerSetup(id | 0xc000,LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG, callback, blocking);
+      ackManagerSetup(id | 0xc000,LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG, callback);
 }
 
-void DCC::forgetLoco(int cab) {  // removes any speed reminders for this loco  
+void DCC::forgetLoco(int cab) {  // removes any speed reminders for this loco
+  setThrottle2(cab,1); // ESTOP this loco if still on track  
   int reg=lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg>=0) speedTable[reg].loco=0;
+  setThrottle2(cab,1); // ESTOP if this loco still on track
 }
 void DCC::forgetAllLocos() {  // removes all speed reminders
-  for (int i=0;i<MAX_LOCOS;i++) speedTable[i].loco=0;  
+  setThrottle2(0,1); // ESTOP all locos still on track      
+  for (int i=0;i<MAX_LOCOS;i++) speedTable[i].loco=0;
 }
 
 byte DCC::loopStatus=0;  
 
 void DCC::loop()  {
-  DCCWaveform::loop(); // power overload checks
-  ackManagerLoop(false);    // maintain prog track ack manager
+  DCCWaveform::loop(ackManagerProg!=NULL); // power overload checks
+  ackManagerLoop();    // maintain prog track ack manager
   issueReminders();
 }
 
@@ -530,7 +593,7 @@ bool DCC::issueReminder(int reg) {
   
   switch (loopStatus) {
         case 0:
-      //   DIAG(F("\nReminder %d speed %d"),loco,speedTable[reg].speedCode);
+      //   DIAG(F("Reminder %d speed %d"),loco,speedTable[reg].speedCode);
          setThrottle2(loco, speedTable[reg].speedCode);
          break;
        case 1: // remind function group 1 (F0-F4)
@@ -588,7 +651,7 @@ int DCC::lookupSpeedTable(int locoId) {
   }
   if (reg == MAX_LOCOS) reg = firstEmpty;
   if (reg >= MAX_LOCOS) {
-    DIAG(F("\nToo many locos\n"));
+    DIAG(F("Too many locos"));
     return -1;
   }
   if (reg==firstEmpty){
@@ -626,62 +689,61 @@ int    DCC::ackManagerWord;
 int    DCC::ackManagerCv;
 byte   DCC::ackManagerBitNum;
 bool   DCC::ackReceived;
+bool   DCC::ackManagerRejoin;
 
 ACK_CALLBACK DCC::ackManagerCallback;
 
-void  DCC::ackManagerSetup(int cv, byte byteValueOrBitnum, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking) {
+void  DCC::ackManagerSetup(int cv, byte byteValueOrBitnum, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
   ackManagerCv = cv;
   ackManagerProg = program;
   ackManagerByte = byteValueOrBitnum;
   ackManagerBitNum=byteValueOrBitnum;
   ackManagerCallback = callback;
-  if (blocking) ackManagerLoop(blocking);
 }
 
-void  DCC::ackManagerSetup(int wordval, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking) {
+void  DCC::ackManagerSetup(int wordval, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
   ackManagerWord=wordval;
   ackManagerProg = program;
   ackManagerCallback = callback;
-  if (blocking) ackManagerLoop(blocking);
-}
+  }
 
 const byte RESET_MIN=8;  // tuning of reset counter before sending message
 
 // checkRessets return true if the caller should yield back to loop and try later.
-bool DCC::checkResets(bool blocking, uint8_t numResets) {
-  if (blocking) {
-    // must block waiting for restest to be issued
-    while(DCCWaveform::progTrack.sentResetsSincePacket < numResets);
-    return false; // caller need not yield
-  }
+bool DCC::checkResets(uint8_t numResets) {
   return DCCWaveform::progTrack.sentResetsSincePacket < numResets;
 }
 
-void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
+void DCC::ackManagerLoop() {
   while (ackManagerProg) {
-    byte opcode=pgm_read_byte_near(ackManagerProg);
+    byte opcode=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
     
     // breaks from this switch will step to next prog entry
     // returns from this switch will stay on same entry
     // (typically waiting for a reset counter or ACK waiting, or when all finished.)
-    // if blocking then we must ONLY return AFTER callback issued       
     switch (opcode) {
       case BASELINE:
+      ackManagerRejoin=DCCWaveform::progTrackSyncMain;
+      if (!DCCWaveform::progTrack.canMeasureCurrent()) {
+        callback(-2);
+        return;
+      }
+      setProgTrackSyncMain(false);
 	  if (DCCWaveform::progTrack.getPowerMode() == POWERMODE::OFF) {
-        if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nAuto Prog power on"));
+        if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("Auto Prog power on"));
         DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(POWERMODE::ON);
         DCCWaveform::progTrack.sentResetsSincePacket = 0;
 	      DCCWaveform::progTrack.autoPowerOff=true;
-	      if (!blocking) return;
+	      return;
 	  }
-	  if (checkResets(blocking, DCCWaveform::progTrack.autoPowerOff ? 20 : 3)) return;
+	  if (checkResets(DCCWaveform::progTrack.autoPowerOff ? 20 : 3)) return;
           DCCWaveform::progTrack.setAckBaseline();
           break;   
       case W0:    // write 0 bit 
       case W1:    // write 1 bit 
             {
-	      if (checkResets(blocking, RESET_MIN)) return;
-              if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nW%d cv=%d bit=%d"),opcode==W1, ackManagerCv,ackManagerBitNum); 
+	      if (checkResets(RESET_MIN)) return;
+              if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("W%d cv=%d bit=%d"),opcode==W1, ackManagerCv,ackManagerBitNum); 
               byte instruction = WRITE_BIT | (opcode==W1 ? BIT_ON : BIT_OFF) | ackManagerBitNum;
               byte message[] = {cv1(BIT_MANIPULATE, ackManagerCv), cv2(ackManagerCv), instruction };
               DCCWaveform::progTrack.schedulePacket(message, sizeof(message), PROG_REPEATS);
@@ -691,8 +753,8 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
       
       case WB:   // write byte 
             {
-	      if (checkResets(blocking, RESET_MIN)) return;
-              if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nWB cv=%d value=%d"),ackManagerCv,ackManagerByte);
+	      if (checkResets( RESET_MIN)) return;
+              if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("WB cv=%d value=%d"),ackManagerCv,ackManagerByte);
               byte message[] = {cv1(WRITE_BYTE, ackManagerCv), cv2(ackManagerCv), ackManagerByte};
               DCCWaveform::progTrack.schedulePacket(message, sizeof(message), PROG_REPEATS);
               DCCWaveform::progTrack.setAckPending(); 
@@ -701,8 +763,8 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
       
       case   VB:     // Issue validate Byte packet
         {
-	  if (checkResets(blocking, RESET_MIN)) return; 
-          if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nVB cv=%d value=%d"),ackManagerCv,ackManagerByte);
+	  if (checkResets( RESET_MIN)) return; 
+          if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("VB cv=%d value=%d"),ackManagerCv,ackManagerByte);
           byte message[] = { cv1(VERIFY_BYTE, ackManagerCv), cv2(ackManagerCv), ackManagerByte};
           DCCWaveform::progTrack.schedulePacket(message, sizeof(message), PROG_REPEATS);
           DCCWaveform::progTrack.setAckPending(); 
@@ -712,8 +774,8 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
       case V0:
       case V1:      // Issue validate bit=0 or bit=1  packet
         {
-	  if (checkResets(blocking, RESET_MIN)) return; 
-          if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nV%d cv=%d bit=%d"),opcode==V1, ackManagerCv,ackManagerBitNum); 
+	  if (checkResets(RESET_MIN)) return; 
+          if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("V%d cv=%d bit=%d"),opcode==V1, ackManagerCv,ackManagerBitNum); 
           byte instruction = VERIFY_BIT | (opcode==V0?BIT_OFF:BIT_ON) | ackManagerBitNum;
           byte message[] = {cv1(BIT_MANIPULATE, ackManagerCv), cv2(ackManagerCv), instruction };
           DCCWaveform::progTrack.schedulePacket(message, sizeof(message), PROG_REPEATS);
@@ -724,36 +786,29 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
       case WACK:   // wait for ack (or absence of ack)
          {
           byte ackState=2; // keep polling
-          if (blocking) {
-            while(ackState==2) ackState=DCCWaveform::progTrack.getAck();
-          }
-          else {
-            ackState=DCCWaveform::progTrack.getAck();
-            if (ackState==2) return; // keep polling
-          }
+      
+          ackState=DCCWaveform::progTrack.getAck();
+          if (ackState==2) return; // keep polling
           ackReceived=ackState==1;
           break;  // we have a genuine ACK result
          }
      case ITC0:
      case ITC1:   // If True Callback(0 or 1)  (if prevous WACK got an ACK)
         if (ackReceived) {
-            ackManagerProg = NULL; // all done now
-	          callback(opcode==ITC0?0:1);
+            callback(opcode==ITC0?0:1);
             return;
           }
         break;
         
       case ITCB:   // If True callback(byte)
           if (ackReceived) {
-            ackManagerProg = NULL; // all done now
             callback(ackManagerByte);
             return;
           }
         break;
 
-      case ITCB7:   // If True callback(byte & 0xF)
+      case ITCB7:   // If True callback(byte & 0x7F)
           if (ackReceived) {
-            ackManagerProg = NULL; // all done now
             callback(ackManagerByte & 0x7F);
             return;
           }
@@ -761,15 +816,13 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
         
       case NAKFAIL:   // If nack callback(-1)
           if (!ackReceived) {
-            ackManagerProg = NULL; // all done now
-	          callback(-1);
+            callback(-1);
             return;
           }
         break;
         
       case FAIL:  // callback(-1)
-           ackManagerProg = NULL;
-	         callback(-1);
+           callback(-1);
            return;
            
       case STARTMERGE:
@@ -786,17 +839,17 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
 
       case SETBIT:
           ackManagerProg++; 
-          ackManagerBitNum=pgm_read_byte_near(ackManagerProg);
+          ackManagerBitNum=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
           break;
 
      case SETCV:
           ackManagerProg++; 
-          ackManagerCv=pgm_read_byte_near(ackManagerProg);
+          ackManagerCv=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
           break;
 
      case SETBYTE:
           ackManagerProg++; 
-          ackManagerByte=pgm_read_byte_near(ackManagerProg);
+          ackManagerByte=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
           break;
 
     case SETBYTEH:
@@ -813,7 +866,6 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
           
      case COMBINELOCOID: 
           // ackManagerStash is  cv17, ackManagerByte is CV 18
-          ackManagerProg=NULL;
           callback( ackManagerByte + ((ackManagerStash - 192) << 8));
           return;            
 
@@ -822,16 +874,13 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
           // SKIP opcodes until SKIPTARGET found
           while (opcode!=SKIPTARGET) {
             ackManagerProg++; 
-            opcode=pgm_read_byte_near(ackManagerProg);
-            // Jump over second byte of any 2-byte opcodes.
-            if (opcode==SETBIT || opcode==SETBYTE || opcode==SETCV) ackManagerProg++;
+            opcode=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
           }
           break;
      case SKIPTARGET: 
           break;     
      default: 
-          DIAG(F("\n!! ackOp %d FAULT!!"),opcode);
-          ackManagerProg=NULL;
+          DIAG(F("!! ackOp %d FAULT!!"),opcode);
           callback( -1);
           return;        
     
@@ -840,11 +889,16 @@ void DCC::ackManagerLoop(bool blocking) {
   }
 }
 void DCC::callback(int value) {
+    ackManagerProg=NULL;  // no more steps to execute
     if (DCCWaveform::progTrack.autoPowerOff) {
-      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nAuto Prog power off"));
+      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("Auto Prog power off"));
       DCCWaveform::progTrack.doAutoPowerOff();
     }
-    if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nCallback(%d)\n"),value);
+
+    // Restore <1 JOIN> to state before BASELINE
+    setProgTrackSyncMain(ackManagerRejoin);
+    
+    if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("Callback(%d)"),value);
     (ackManagerCallback)( value);
 }
 
@@ -854,10 +908,10 @@ void DCC::callback(int value) {
     for (int reg = 0; reg < MAX_LOCOS; reg++) {
        if (speedTable[reg].loco>0) {
         used ++;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\ncab=%d, speed=%d, dir=%c "),       
+        StringFormatter::send(stream,F("cab=%d, speed=%d, dir=%c \n"),       
            speedTable[reg].loco,  speedTable[reg].speedCode & 0x7f,(speedTable[reg].speedCode & 0x80) ? 'F':'R');
        }
      }
-     StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nUsed=%d, max=%d\n"),used,MAX_LOCOS);
+     StringFormatter::send(stream,F("Used=%d, max=%d\n"),used,MAX_LOCOS);
      
 }

DCC.h

@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include "MotorDriver.h"
 #include "MotorDrivers.h"
+#include "FSH.h"
 
-typedef void (*ACK_CALLBACK)(int result);
+typedef void (*ACK_CALLBACK)(int16_t result);
 
-enum ackOp
+enum ackOp : byte
 {           // Program opcodes for the ack Manager
   BASELINE, // ensure enough resets sent before starting and obtain baseline current
   W0,
@@ -64,7 +65,8 @@ const byte MAX_LOCOS = 50;
 class DCC
 {
 public:
-  static void begin(const __FlashStringHelper *motorShieldName, MotorDriver *mainDriver, MotorDriver *progDriver, byte timerNumber = 1);
+  static void begin(const FSH * motorShieldName, MotorDriver *mainDriver, MotorDriver *progDriver);
+  static void setJoinRelayPin(byte joinRelayPin);
   static void loop();
 
   // Public DCC API functions
@@ -84,22 +86,25 @@ public:
   static void setProgTrackBoost(bool on);    // when true, special prog track current limit does not apply
 
   // ACKable progtrack calls  bitresults callback 0,0 or -1, cv returns value or -1
-  static void readCV(int cv, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
-  static void readCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false); // -1 for error
-  static void writeCVByte(int cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
-  static void writeCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
-  static void verifyCVByte(int cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
-  static void verifyCVBit(int cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
+  static void readCV(int16_t cv, ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void readCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, ACK_CALLBACK callback); // -1 for error
+  static void writeCVByte(int16_t cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void writeCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void verifyCVByte(int16_t cv, byte byteValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void verifyCVBit(int16_t cv, byte bitNum, bool bitValue, ACK_CALLBACK callback);
 
-  static void getLocoId(ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
-  static void setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking = false);
+  static void getLocoId(ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback);
 
   // Enhanced API functions
   static void forgetLoco(int cab); // removes any speed reminders for this loco
   static void forgetAllLocos();    // removes all speed reminders
   static void displayCabList(Print *stream);
 
-  static __FlashStringHelper *getMotorShieldName();
+  static FSH *getMotorShieldName();
+  static inline void setGlobalSpeedsteps(byte s) {
+    globalSpeedsteps = s;
+  };
 
 private:
   struct LOCO
@@ -109,13 +114,15 @@ private:
     byte groupFlags;
     unsigned long functions;
   };
+  static byte joinRelay;
   static byte loopStatus;
   static void setThrottle2(uint16_t cab, uint8_t speedCode);
   static void updateLocoReminder(int loco, byte speedCode);
   static void setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte fByte, byte eByte);
   static bool issueReminder(int reg);
   static int nextLoco;
-  static __FlashStringHelper *shieldName;
+  static FSH *shieldName;
+  static byte globalSpeedsteps;
 
   static LOCO speedTable[MAX_LOCOS];
   static byte cv1(byte opcode, int cv);
@@ -132,11 +139,12 @@ private:
   static int ackManagerWord;
   static byte ackManagerStash;
   static bool ackReceived;
+  static bool ackManagerRejoin;
   static ACK_CALLBACK ackManagerCallback;
-  static void ackManagerSetup(int cv, byte bitNumOrbyteValue, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking);
-  static void ackManagerSetup(int wordval, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback, bool blocking);
-  static void ackManagerLoop(bool blocking);
-  static bool checkResets(bool blocking, uint8_t numResets);
+  static void ackManagerSetup(int cv, byte bitNumOrbyteValue, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void ackManagerSetup(int wordval, ackOp const program[], ACK_CALLBACK callback);
+  static void ackManagerLoop();
+  static bool checkResets( uint8_t numResets);
   static const int PROG_REPEATS = 8; // repeats of programming commands (some decoders need at least 8 to be reliable)
 
   // NMRA codes #
@@ -162,6 +170,18 @@ private:
 #define ARDUINO_TYPE "NANO"
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
 #define ARDUINO_TYPE "MEGA"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "MEGAAVR"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY32)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "TEENSY32"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY35)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "TEENSY35"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY36)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "TEENSY36"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY40)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "TEENSY40"
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41)
+#define ARDUINO_TYPE "TEENSY41"
 #else
 #error CANNOT COMPILE - DCC++ EX ONLY WORKS WITH AN ARDUINO UNO, NANO 328, OR ARDUINO MEGA 1280/2560
 #endif

DCCEX.h

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "EthernetInterface.h"
 #endif
 #include "LCD_Implementation.h"
+#include "LCN.h"
 #include "freeMemory.h"
 
 #if __has_include ( "myAutomation.h")

DCCEXParser.cpp

@@ -30,32 +30,39 @@
 
 #include "EEStore.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
+#include <avr/wdt.h>
 
 // These keywords are used in the <1> command. The number is what you get if you use the keyword as a parameter.
 // To discover new keyword numbers , use the <$ YOURKEYWORD> command
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN = -30750;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_CABS = -11981;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_RAM = 25982;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_CMD = 9962;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_WIT = 31594;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI = -5583;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_ACK = 3113;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_DCC = 6436;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST = -6353;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM = -7168;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT = 27413;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET = -30767;    
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_MAX = 16244;
-const int HASH_KEYWORD_MIN = 15978;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN = -30750;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CABS = -11981;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RAM = 25982;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CMD = 9962;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIT = 31594;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI = -5583;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ACK = 3113;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DCC = 6436;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST = -6353;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM = -7168;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT = 27413;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET = -30767;    
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAX = 16244;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MIN = 15978;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LCN = 15137;   
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESET = 26133;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28 = -17064;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128 = 25816;
 
-int DCCEXParser::stashP[MAX_PARAMS];
+int16_t DCCEXParser::stashP[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
 bool DCCEXParser::stashBusy;
 
 Print *DCCEXParser::stashStream = NULL;
+RingStream *DCCEXParser::stashRingStream = NULL;
+byte DCCEXParser::stashTarget=0;
 
 // This is a JMRI command parser, one instance per incoming stream
 // It doesnt know how the string got here, nor how it gets back.
@@ -67,7 +74,7 @@ DCCEXParser::DCCEXParser() {}
 void DCCEXParser::flush()
 {
     if (Diag::CMD)
-        DIAG(F("\nBuffer flush"));
+        DIAG(F("Buffer flush"));
     bufferLength = 0;
     inCommandPayload = false;
 }
@@ -90,7 +97,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::loop(Stream &stream)
         else if (ch == '>')
         {
             buffer[bufferLength] = '\0';
-            parse(&stream, buffer, false); // Parse this allowing async responses
+            parse(&stream, buffer, NULL); // Parse this (No ringStream for serial)
             inCommandPayload = false;
             break;
         }
@@ -102,19 +109,19 @@ void DCCEXParser::loop(Stream &stream)
     Sensor::checkAll(&stream); // Update and print changes
 }
 
-int DCCEXParser::splitValues(int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
+int16_t DCCEXParser::splitValues(int16_t result[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
 {
     byte state = 1;
     byte parameterCount = 0;
-    int runningValue = 0;
+    int16_t runningValue = 0;
     const byte *remainingCmd = cmd + 1; // skips the opcode
     bool signNegative = false;
 
     // clear all parameters in case not enough found
-    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_PARAMS; i++)
+    for (int16_t i = 0; i < MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS; i++)
         result[i] = 0;
 
-    while (parameterCount < MAX_PARAMS)
+    while (parameterCount < MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS)
     {
         byte hot = *remainingCmd;
 
@@ -143,6 +150,7 @@ int DCCEXParser::splitValues(int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
                 runningValue = 10 * runningValue + (hot - '0');
                 break;
             }
+            if (hot >= 'a' && hot <= 'z') hot=hot-'a'+'A'; // uppercase a..z
             if (hot >= 'A' && hot <= 'Z')
             {
                 // Since JMRI got modified to send keywords in some rare cases, we need this
@@ -160,18 +168,18 @@ int DCCEXParser::splitValues(int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
     return parameterCount;
 }
 
-int DCCEXParser::splitHexValues(int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
+int16_t DCCEXParser::splitHexValues(int16_t result[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], const byte *cmd)
 {
     byte state = 1;
     byte parameterCount = 0;
-    int runningValue = 0;
+    int16_t runningValue = 0;
     const byte *remainingCmd = cmd + 1; // skips the opcode
     
     // clear all parameters in case not enough found
-    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_PARAMS; i++)
+    for (int16_t i = 0; i < MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS; i++)
         result[i] = 0;
 
-    while (parameterCount < MAX_PARAMS)
+    while (parameterCount < MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS)
     {
         byte hot = *remainingCmd;
 
@@ -237,20 +245,20 @@ void DCCEXParser::setAtCommandCallback(AT_COMMAND_CALLBACK callback)
 }
 
 // Parse an F() string 
-void DCCEXParser::parse(const __FlashStringHelper * cmd) {
+void DCCEXParser::parse(const FSH * cmd) {
       int size=strlen_P((char *)cmd)+1; 
       char buffer[size];
       strcpy_P(buffer,(char *)cmd);
-      parse(&Serial,(byte *)buffer,true);
+      parse(&Serial,(byte *)buffer,NULL);
 }
 
 // See documentation on DCC class for info on this section
-void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
+void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 {
     (void)EEPROM; // tell compiler not to warn this is unused
     if (Diag::CMD)
-        DIAG(F("\nPARSING:%s\n"), com);
-    int p[MAX_PARAMS];
+        DIAG(F("PARSING:%s"), com);
+    int16_t p[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
     while (com[0] == '<' || com[0] == ' ')
         com++; // strip off any number of < or spaces
     byte params = splitValues(p, com);
@@ -268,9 +276,9 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
         return; // filterCallback asked us to ignore
     case 't':   // THROTTLE <t [REGISTER] CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
     {
-        int cab;
-        int tspeed;
-        int direction;
+        int16_t cab;
+        int16_t tspeed;
+        int16_t direction;
 
         if (params == 4)
         { // <t REGISTER CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
@@ -304,9 +312,9 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
 
         DCC::setThrottle(cab, tspeed, direction);
         if (params == 4)
-            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<T %d %d %d>"), p[0], p[2], p[3]);
+            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<T %d %d %d>\n"), p[0], p[2], p[3]);
         else
-            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return;
     }
     case 'f': // FUNCTION <f CAB BYTE1 [BYTE2]>
@@ -314,12 +322,33 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
             return;
         break;
 
-    case 'a': // ACCESSORY <a ADDRESS SUBADDRESS ACTIVATE>
-        if (p[2] != (p[2] & 1))
-            return;
-        DCC::setAccessory(p[0], p[1], p[2] == 1);
+    case 'a': // ACCESSORY <a ADDRESS SUBADDRESS ACTIVATE> or <a LINEARADDRESS ACTIVATE>
+        { 
+          int address;
+          byte subaddress;
+          byte activep;
+          if (params==2) { // <a LINEARADDRESS ACTIVATE>
+              address=(p[0] - 1) / 4 + 1;
+              subaddress=(p[0] - 1)  % 4;
+              activep=1;        
+          }
+          else if (params==3) { // <a ADDRESS SUBADDRESS ACTIVATE>
+              address=p[0];
+              subaddress=p[1];
+              activep=2;        
+          }
+          else break; // invalid no of parameters
+          
+          if (
+             ((address & 0x01FF) != address)      // invalid address (limit 9 bits ) 
+          || ((subaddress & 0x03) != subaddress)  // invalid subaddress (limit 2 bits ) 
+          || ((p[activep]  & 0x01) != p[activep]) // invalid activate 0|1
+          ) break; 
+            
+          DCC::setAccessory(address, subaddress,p[activep]==1);
+        }
         return;
-
+     
     case 'T': // TURNOUT  <T ...>
         if (parseT(stream, params, p))
             return;
@@ -352,57 +381,57 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
           byte packet[params];
           for (int i=0;i<params;i++) {
             packet[i]=(byte)p[i+1];
-            if (Diag::CMD) DIAG(F("packet[%d]=%d (0x%x)\n"), i, packet[i], packet[i]);
+            if (Diag::CMD) DIAG(F("packet[%d]=%d (0x%x)"), i, packet[i], packet[i]);
           }
           (opcode=='M'?DCCWaveform::mainTrack:DCCWaveform::progTrack).schedulePacket(packet,params,3);  
         }
         return;
         
     case 'W': // WRITE CV ON PROG <W CV VALUE CALLBACKNUM CALLBACKSUB>
-            if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+            if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
                 break;
         if (params == 1) // <W id> Write new loco id (clearing consist and managing short/long)
-            DCC::setLocoId(p[0],callback_Wloco, blocking);
+            DCC::setLocoId(p[0],callback_Wloco);
         else // WRITE CV ON PROG <W CV VALUE [CALLBACKNUM] [CALLBACKSUB]>
-            DCC::writeCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_W, blocking);
+            DCC::writeCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_W);
         return;
 
     case 'V': // VERIFY CV ON PROG <V CV VALUE> <V CV BIT 0|1>
         if (params == 2)
         { // <V CV VALUE>
-            if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+            if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
                 break;
-            DCC::verifyCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_Vbyte, blocking);
+            DCC::verifyCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_Vbyte);
             return;
         }
         if (params == 3)
         {
-            if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+            if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
                 break;
-            DCC::verifyCVBit(p[0], p[1], p[2], callback_Vbit, blocking);
+            DCC::verifyCVBit(p[0], p[1], p[2], callback_Vbit);
             return;
         }
         break;
 
     case 'B': // WRITE CV BIT ON PROG <B CV BIT VALUE CALLBACKNUM CALLBACKSUB>
-        if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+        if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
             break;
-        DCC::writeCVBit(p[0], p[1], p[2], callback_B, blocking);
+        DCC::writeCVBit(p[0], p[1], p[2], callback_B);
         return;
 
     case 'R': // READ CV ON PROG
         if (params == 3)
         { // <R CV CALLBACKNUM CALLBACKSUB>
-            if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+            if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
                 break;
-            DCC::readCV(p[0], callback_R, blocking);
+            DCC::readCV(p[0], callback_R);
             return;
         }
         if (params == 0)
         { // <R> New read loco id
-            if (!stashCallback(stream, p))
+            if (!stashCallback(stream, p, ringStream))
                 break;
-            DCC::getLocoId(callback_Rloco, blocking);
+            DCC::getLocoId(callback_Rloco);
             return;
         }
         break;
@@ -414,27 +443,28 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
         {
             POWERMODE mode = opcode == '1' ? POWERMODE::ON : POWERMODE::OFF;
             DCC::setProgTrackSyncMain(false); // Only <1 JOIN> will set this on, all others set it off
-            if (params == 0)
+            if (params == 0 ||
+		(MotorDriver::commonFaultPin && p[0] != HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN)) // commonFaultPin prevents individual track handling
             {
                 DCCWaveform::mainTrack.setPowerMode(mode);
                 DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(mode);
 		if (mode == POWERMODE::OFF)
 		  DCC::setProgTrackBoost(false);  // Prog track boost mode will not outlive prog track off
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c>"), opcode);
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c>\n"), opcode);
                 return;
             }
             switch (p[0])
             {
             case HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN:
                 DCCWaveform::mainTrack.setPowerMode(mode);
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c MAIN>"), opcode);
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c MAIN>\n"), opcode);
                 return;
 
             case HASH_KEYWORD_PROG:
                 DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(mode);
 		if (mode == POWERMODE::OFF)
 		  DCC::setProgTrackBoost(false);  // Prog track boost mode will not outlive prog track off
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c PROG>"), opcode);
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%c PROG>\n"), opcode);
                 return;
             case HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN:
                 DCCWaveform::mainTrack.setPowerMode(mode);
@@ -442,21 +472,25 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
                 if (mode == POWERMODE::ON)
                 {
                     DCC::setProgTrackSyncMain(true);
-                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p1 JOIN>"), opcode);
+                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p1 JOIN>\n"), opcode);
                 }
                 else
-                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p0>"));
+                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p0>\n"));
                 return;
             }
             break;
         }
         return;
 
+    case '!': // ESTOP ALL  <!>
+        DCC::setThrottle(0,1,1); // this broadcasts speed 1(estop) and sets all reminders to speed 1. 
+        return;
+
     case 'c': // SEND METER RESPONSES <c>
         //                               <c MeterName value C/V unit min max res warn>
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<c CurrentMAIN %d C Milli 0 %d 1 %d>"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getCurrentmA(), 
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<c CurrentMAIN %d C Milli 0 %d 1 %d>\n"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getCurrentmA(), 
             DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getMaxmA(), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getTripmA());
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<a %d>"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.get1024Current()); //'a' message deprecated, remove once JMRI 4.22 is available
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<a %d>\n"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.get1024Current()); //'a' message deprecated, remove once JMRI 4.22 is available
         return;
 
     case 'Q': // SENSORS <Q>
@@ -464,8 +498,8 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
         return;
 
     case 's': // <s>
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%d>"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getPowerMode() == POWERMODE::ON);
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<iDCC-EX V-%S / %S / %S G-%S>"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p%d>\n"), DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getPowerMode() == POWERMODE::ON);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<iDCC-EX V-%S / %S / %S G-%S>\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
         Turnout::printAll(stream); //send all Turnout states
         Output::printAll(stream);  //send all Output  states
         Sensor::printAll(stream);  //send all Sensor  states
@@ -474,12 +508,12 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
 
     case 'E': // STORE EPROM <E>
         EEStore::store();
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<e %d %d %d>"), EEStore::eeStore->data.nTurnouts, EEStore::eeStore->data.nSensors, EEStore::eeStore->data.nOutputs);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<e %d %d %d>\n"), EEStore::eeStore->data.nTurnouts, EEStore::eeStore->data.nSensors, EEStore::eeStore->data.nOutputs);
         return;
 
     case 'e': // CLEAR EPROM <e>
         EEStore::clear();
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return;
 
     case ' ': // < >
@@ -492,7 +526,13 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
         return;
 
     case '#': // NUMBER OF LOCOSLOTS <#>
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<# %d>"), MAX_LOCOS);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<# %d>\n"), MAX_LOCOS);
+        return;
+
+    case '-': // Forget Loco <- [cab]>
+        if (params > 1 || p[0]<0) break;
+        if (p[0]==0) DCC::forgetAllLocos();
+        else  DCC::forgetLoco(p[0]);
         return;
 
     case 'F': // New command to call the new Loco Function API <F cab func 1|0>
@@ -511,18 +551,18 @@ void DCCEXParser::parse(Print *stream, byte *com, bool blocking)
         break;
 
     default: //anything else will diagnose and drop out to <X>
-        DIAG(F("\nOpcode=%c params=%d\n"), opcode, params);
+        DIAG(F("Opcode=%c params=%d"), opcode, params);
         for (int i = 0; i < params; i++)
-            DIAG(F("p[%d]=%d (0x%x)\n"), i, p[i], p[i]);
+            DIAG(F("p[%d]=%d (0x%x)"), i, p[i], p[i]);
         break;
 
     } // end of opcode switch
 
     // Any fallout here sends an <X>
-    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<X>"));
+    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<X>\n"));
 }
 
-bool DCCEXParser::parseZ(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
+bool DCCEXParser::parseZ(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
 
     switch (params)
@@ -534,20 +574,20 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseZ(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
         if (o == NULL)
             return false;
         o->activate(p[1]);
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d>"), p[0], p[1]);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d>\n"), p[0], p[1]);
     }
         return true;
 
     case 3: // <Z ID PIN INVERT>
         if (!Output::create(p[0], p[1], p[2], 1))
           return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     case 1: // <Z ID>
         if (!Output::remove(p[0]))
           return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     case 0: // <Z> list Output definitions
@@ -556,7 +596,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseZ(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
         for (Output *tt = Output::firstOutput; tt != NULL; tt = tt->nextOutput)
         {
             gotone = true;
-            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d %d %d>"), tt->data.id, tt->data.pin, tt->data.iFlag, tt->data.oStatus);
+            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d %d %d>\n"), tt->data.id, tt->data.pin, tt->data.iFlag, tt->data.oStatus);
         }
         return gotone;
     }
@@ -566,7 +606,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseZ(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
 }
 
 //===================================
-bool DCCEXParser::parsef(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
+bool DCCEXParser::parsef(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
     // JMRI sends this info in DCC message format but it's not exactly
     //      convenient for other processing
@@ -598,9 +638,9 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parsef(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     return true;
 }
 
-void DCCEXParser::funcmap(int cab, byte value, byte fstart, byte fstop)
+void DCCEXParser::funcmap(int16_t cab, byte value, byte fstart, byte fstop)
 {
-    for (int i = fstart; i <= fstop; i++)
+    for (int16_t i = fstart; i <= fstop; i++)
     {
         DCC::setFn(cab, i, value & 1);
         value >>= 1;
@@ -608,7 +648,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::funcmap(int cab, byte value, byte fstart, byte fstop)
 }
 
 //===================================
-bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
+bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
     switch (params)
     {
@@ -618,7 +658,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
         for (Turnout *tt = Turnout::firstTurnout; tt != NULL; tt = tt->nextTurnout)
         {
             gotOne = true;
-            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d %d %d>"), tt->data.id, tt->data.address, 
+            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d %d %d>\n"), tt->data.id, tt->data.address, 
                 tt->data.subAddress, (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE)!=0);
         }
         return gotOne; // will <X> if none found
@@ -627,7 +667,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     case 1: // <T id>  delete turnout
         if (!Turnout::remove(p[0]))
             return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     case 2: // <T id 0|1>  activate turnout
@@ -636,14 +676,14 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
         if (!tt)
             return false;
         tt->activate(p[1]);
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d>"), tt->data.id, (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE)!=0);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d>\n"), tt->data.id, (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE)!=0);
     }
         return true;
 
     case 3: // <T id addr subaddr>  define turnout
         if (!Turnout::create(p[0], p[1], p[2]))
             return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     default:
@@ -651,7 +691,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     }
 }
 
-bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
+bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
 
     switch (params)
@@ -659,13 +699,13 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     case 3: // <S id pin pullup>  create sensor. pullUp indicator (0=LOW/1=HIGH)
         if (!Sensor::create(p[0], p[1], p[2]))
           return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     case 1: // S id> remove sensor
         if (!Sensor::remove(p[0]))
           return false;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>"));
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<O>\n"));
         return true;
 
     case 0: // <S> list sensor definitions
@@ -673,7 +713,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
 	    return false;
         for (Sensor *tt = Sensor::firstSensor; tt != NULL; tt = tt->nextSensor)
         {
-            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Q %d %d %d>"), tt->data.snum, tt->data.pin, tt->data.pullUp);
+            StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Q %d %d %d>\n"), tt->data.snum, tt->data.pin, tt->data.pullUp);
         }
         return true;
 
@@ -683,7 +723,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     return false;
 }
 
-bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
+bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
     if (params == 0)
         return false;
@@ -695,23 +735,23 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
         return true;
 
     case HASH_KEYWORD_RAM: // <D RAM>
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\nFree memory=%d\n"), freeMemory());
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Free memory=%d\n"), minimumFreeMemory());
         break;
 
     case HASH_KEYWORD_ACK: // <D ACK ON/OFF> <D ACK [LIMIT|MIN|MAX] Value>
 	if (params >= 3) {
 	    if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT) {
 	      DCCWaveform::progTrack.setAckLimit(p[2]);
-	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\nAck limit=%dmA\n"), p[2]);
+	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Ack limit=%dmA\n"), p[2]);
 	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MIN) {
 	      DCCWaveform::progTrack.setMinAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
-	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\nAck min=%dus\n"), p[2]);
+	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Ack min=%dus\n"), p[2]);
 	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MAX) {
 	      DCCWaveform::progTrack.setMaxAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
-	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\nAck max=%dus\n"), p[2]);
+	      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Ack max=%dus\n"), p[2]);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	  StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\nAck diag %S\n"), onOff ? F("on") : F("off"));
+	  StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Ack diag %S\n"), onOff ? F("on") : F("off"));
 	  Diag::ACK = onOff;
 	}
         return true;
@@ -731,20 +771,37 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
     case HASH_KEYWORD_WIT: // <D WIT ON/OFF>
         Diag::WITHROTTLE = onOff;
         return true;
-
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_DCC:
-        DCCWaveform::setDiagnosticSlowWave(params >= 1 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW);
+  
+    case HASH_KEYWORD_LCN: // <D LCN ON/OFF>
+        Diag::LCN = onOff;
         return true;
 
     case HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST:
         DCC::setProgTrackBoost(true);
-	return true;
+	      return true;
 
+    case HASH_KEYWORD_RESET:
+        {
+          wdt_enable( WDTO_15MS); // set Arduino watchdog timer for 15ms 
+          delay(50);            // wait for the prescaller time to expire          
+          break; // and <X> if we didnt restart 
+        }
+        
     case HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM: // <D EEPROM NumEntries>
 	if (params >= 2)
 	    EEStore::dump(p[1]);
 	return true;
 
+    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28:
+        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(28);
+	StringFormatter::send(stream, F("28 Speedsteps"));
+        return true;
+
+    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128:
+        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(128);
+	StringFormatter::send(stream, F("128 Speedsteps"));
+        return true;
+
     default: // invalid/unknown
         break;
     }
@@ -752,52 +809,70 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int params, int p[])
 }
 
 // CALLBACKS must be static
-bool DCCEXParser::stashCallback(Print *stream, int p[MAX_PARAMS])
+bool DCCEXParser::stashCallback(Print *stream, int16_t p[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], RingStream * ringStream)
 {
     if (stashBusy )
         return false;
     stashBusy = true;
     stashStream = stream;
-    memcpy(stashP, p, MAX_PARAMS * sizeof(p[0]));
+    stashRingStream=ringStream;
+    if (ringStream) stashTarget= ringStream->peekTargetMark();
+    memcpy(stashP, p, MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS * sizeof(p[0]));
     return true;
 }
-void DCCEXParser::callback_W(int result)
-{
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<r%d|%d|%d %d>"), stashP[2], stashP[3], stashP[0], result == 1 ? stashP[1] : -1);
-    stashBusy = false;
+
+Print * DCCEXParser::getAsyncReplyStream() {
+       if (stashRingStream) {
+           stashRingStream->mark(stashTarget);
+           return stashRingStream;
+       }
+       return stashStream;
 }
 
-void DCCEXParser::callback_B(int result)
-{
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<r%d|%d|%d %d %d>"), stashP[3], stashP[4], stashP[0], stashP[1], result == 1 ? stashP[2] : -1);
-    stashBusy = false;
-}
-void DCCEXParser::callback_Vbit(int result)
-{
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<v %d %d %d>"), stashP[0], stashP[1], result);
-    stashBusy = false;
-}
-void DCCEXParser::callback_Vbyte(int result)
-{
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<v %d %d>"), stashP[0], result);
-    stashBusy = false;
+void DCCEXParser::commitAsyncReplyStream() {
+     if (stashRingStream) stashRingStream->commit();
+     stashBusy = false;
 }
 
-void DCCEXParser::callback_R(int result)
+void DCCEXParser::callback_W(int16_t result)
 {
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<r%d|%d|%d %d>"), stashP[1], stashP[2], stashP[0], result);
-    stashBusy = false;
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(),
+          F("<r%d|%d|%d %d>\n"), stashP[2], stashP[3], stashP[0], result == 1 ? stashP[1] : -1);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
 }
 
-void DCCEXParser::callback_Rloco(int result)
+void DCCEXParser::callback_B(int16_t result)
 {
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<r %d>"), result);
-    stashBusy = false;
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), 
+          F("<r%d|%d|%d %d %d>\n"), stashP[3], stashP[4], stashP[0], stashP[1], result == 1 ? stashP[2] : -1);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
+}
+void DCCEXParser::callback_Vbit(int16_t result)
+{
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<v %d %d %d>\n"), stashP[0], stashP[1], result);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
+}
+void DCCEXParser::callback_Vbyte(int16_t result)
+{
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<v %d %d>\n"), stashP[0], result);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
 }
 
-void DCCEXParser::callback_Wloco(int result)
+void DCCEXParser::callback_R(int16_t result)
+{
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<r%d|%d|%d %d>\n"), stashP[1], stashP[2], stashP[0], result);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
+}
+
+void DCCEXParser::callback_Rloco(int16_t result)
+{
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<r %d>\n"), result);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
+}
+
+void DCCEXParser::callback_Wloco(int16_t result)
 {
     if (result==1) result=stashP[0]; // pick up original requested id from command
-    StringFormatter::send(stashStream, F("<w %d>"), result);
-    stashBusy = false;
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<w %d>\n"), result);
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
 }

DCCEXParser.h

@@ -19,54 +19,60 @@
 #ifndef DCCEXParser_h
 #define DCCEXParser_h
 #include <Arduino.h>
+#include "FSH.h"
+#include "RingStream.h"
 
-typedef void (*FILTER_CALLBACK)(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int p[]);
+typedef void (*FILTER_CALLBACK)(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]);
 typedef void (*AT_COMMAND_CALLBACK)(const byte * command);
 
 struct DCCEXParser
 {
    DCCEXParser();
    void loop(Stream & stream);
-   void parse(Print * stream,  byte * command, bool blocking);
-   void parse(const __FlashStringHelper * cmd);
+   void parse(Print * stream,  byte * command,  RingStream * ringStream);
+   void parse(const FSH * cmd);
    void flush();
    static void setFilter(FILTER_CALLBACK filter);
    static void setRMFTFilter(FILTER_CALLBACK filter);
    static void setAtCommandCallback(AT_COMMAND_CALLBACK filter);
-   static const int MAX_PARAMS=10;  // Must not exceed this
+   static const int MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS=10;  // Must not exceed this
  
    private:
   
-    static const int MAX_BUFFER=50;  // longest command sent in
+    static const int16_t MAX_BUFFER=50;  // longest command sent in
      byte  bufferLength=0;
      bool  inCommandPayload=false;
      byte  buffer[MAX_BUFFER+2]; 
-    int splitValues( int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte * command);
-    int splitHexValues( int result[MAX_PARAMS], const byte * command);
+    int16_t splitValues( int16_t result[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], const byte * command);
+    int16_t splitHexValues( int16_t result[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], const byte * command);
      
-     bool parseT(Print * stream, int params, int p[]);
-     bool parseZ(Print * stream, int params, int p[]);
-     bool parseS(Print * stream,  int params, int p[]);
-     bool parsef(Print * stream,  int params, int p[]);
-     bool parseD(Print * stream,  int params, int p[]);
+     bool parseT(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+     bool parseZ(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+     bool parseS(Print * stream,  int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+     bool parsef(Print * stream,  int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+     bool parseD(Print * stream,  int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+
+     static Print * getAsyncReplyStream();
+     static void commitAsyncReplyStream();
 
-    
     static bool stashBusy;
-   
+    static byte stashTarget;
     static Print * stashStream;
-    static int stashP[MAX_PARAMS];
-    bool stashCallback(Print * stream, int p[MAX_PARAMS]);
-    static void callback_W(int result);
-    static void callback_B(int result);        
-    static void callback_R(int result);
-    static void callback_Rloco(int result);
-    static void callback_Wloco(int result);
-    static void callback_Vbit(int result);
-    static void callback_Vbyte(int result);
+    static RingStream * stashRingStream;
+    
+    static int16_t stashP[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
+    bool stashCallback(Print * stream, int16_t p[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], RingStream * ringStream);
+    static void callback_W(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_B(int16_t result);        
+    static void callback_R(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_Rloco(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_Wloco(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_Vbit(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_Vbyte(int16_t result);
     static FILTER_CALLBACK  filterCallback;
     static FILTER_CALLBACK  filterRMFTCallback;
     static AT_COMMAND_CALLBACK  atCommandCallback;
-    static void funcmap(int cab, byte value, byte fstart, byte fstop);
+    static void funcmap(int16_t cab, byte value, byte fstart, byte fstop);
 
 };
 

DCCTimer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow & David Cutting. All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of Asbelos DCC API
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+
+/* This timer class is used to manage the single timer required to handle the DCC waveform.
+ *  All timer access comes through this class so that it can be compiled for 
+ *  various hardware CPU types. 
+ *  
+ *  DCCEX works on a single timer interrupt at a regular 58uS interval.
+ *  The DCCWaveform class generates the signals to the motor shield  
+ *  based on this timer. 
+ *  
+ *  If the motor drivers are BOTH configured to use the correct 2 pins for the architecture,
+ *  (see isPWMPin() function. )
+ *  then this allows us to use a hardware driven pin switching arrangement which is
+ *  achieved by setting the duty cycle of the NEXT clock interrupt to 0% or 100% depending on 
+ *  the required pin state. (see setPWM())  
+ *  This is more accurate than the software interrupt but at the expense of 
+ *  limiting the choice of available pins. 
+ *  Fortunately, a standard motor shield on a Mega uses pins that qualify for PWM... 
+ *  Other shields may be jumpered to PWM pins or run directly using the software interrupt.
+ *  
+ *  Because the PWM-based waveform is effectively set half a cycle after the software version,
+ *  it is not acceptable to drive the two tracks on different methiods or it would cause
+ *  problems for <1 JOIN> etc.
+ *  
+ */
+
+#include "DCCTimer.h"
+const int DCC_SIGNAL_TIME=58;  // this is the 58uS DCC 1-bit waveform half-cycle 
+const long CLOCK_CYCLES=(F_CPU / 1000000 * DCC_SIGNAL_TIME) >>1;
+
+INTERRUPT_CALLBACK interruptHandler=0;
+
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR
+  // Arduino unoWifi Rev2 and nanoEvery architectire 
+  
+  void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
+    interruptHandler=callback;
+    noInterrupts(); 
+    ADC0.CTRLC = (ADC0.CTRLC & 0b00110000) | 0b01000011;  // speed up analogRead sample time   
+    TCB0.CTRLB = TCB_CNTMODE_INT_gc & ~TCB_CCMPEN_bm; // timer compare mode with output disabled
+    TCB0.CTRLA = TCB_CLKSEL_CLKDIV2_gc; //   8 MHz ~ 0.125 us      
+    TCB0.CCMP =  CLOCK_CYCLES -1;  // 1 tick less for timer reset
+    TCB0.INTFLAGS = TCB_CAPT_bm; // clear interrupt request flag
+    TCB0.INTCTRL = TCB_CAPT_bm;  // Enable the interrupt
+    TCB0.CNT = 0;
+    TCB0.CTRLA |= TCB_ENABLE_bm;  // start
+    interrupts();
+  }
+
+  // ISR called by timer interrupt every 58uS
+  ISR(TCB0_INT_vect){
+    TCB0.INTFLAGS = TCB_CAPT_bm;
+    interruptHandler();
+  }
+
+  bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
+       return false;  // TODO what are the relevant pins? 
+  }
+
+ void DCCTimer::setPWM(byte pin, bool high) {
+    // TODO what are the relevant pins?
+ }
+
+  void   DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(byte mac[6]) {
+    memcpy(mac,(void *) &SIGROW.SERNUM0,6);  // serial number
+    mac[0] &= 0xFE;
+    mac[0] |= 0x02;
+  }
+
+#elif defined(TEENSYDUINO)
+  IntervalTimer myDCCTimer;
+
+  void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
+    interruptHandler=callback;
+
+  myDCCTimer.begin(interruptHandler, DCC_SIGNAL_TIME);
+
+  }
+
+  bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
+       //Teensy: digitalPinHasPWM, todo
+       return false;  // TODO what are the relevant pins? 
+  }
+
+ void DCCTimer::setPWM(byte pin, bool high) {
+    // TODO what are the relevant pins?
+ }
+
+  void   DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(byte mac[6]) {
+#if defined(__IMXRT1062__)  //Teensy 4.0 and Teensy 4.1
+    uint32_t m1 = HW_OCOTP_MAC1;
+    uint32_t m2 = HW_OCOTP_MAC0;
+    mac[0] = m1 >> 8;
+    mac[1] = m1 >> 0;
+    mac[2] = m2 >> 24;
+    mac[3] = m2 >> 16;
+    mac[4] = m2 >> 8;
+    mac[5] = m2 >> 0;
+#else
+    read_mac(mac);
+#endif
+  }
+
+#if !defined(__IMXRT1062__)
+  void DCCTimer::read_mac(byte mac[6]) {
+    read(0xe,mac,0);
+    read(0xf,mac,3);
+  }
+
+// http://forum.pjrc.com/threads/91-teensy-3-MAC-address
+void DCCTimer::read(uint8_t word, uint8_t *mac, uint8_t offset) {
+  FTFL_FCCOB0 = 0x41;             // Selects the READONCE command
+  FTFL_FCCOB1 = word;             // read the given word of read once area
+
+  // launch command and wait until complete
+  FTFL_FSTAT = FTFL_FSTAT_CCIF;
+  while(!(FTFL_FSTAT & FTFL_FSTAT_CCIF));
+
+  *(mac+offset) =   FTFL_FCCOB5;       // collect only the top three bytes,
+  *(mac+offset+1) = FTFL_FCCOB6;       // in the right orientation (big endian).
+  *(mac+offset+2) = FTFL_FCCOB7;       // Skip FTFL_FCCOB4 as it's always 0.
+}
+#endif
+
+#else 
+  // Arduino nano, uno, mega etc
+#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1280__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega2560__)
+    #define TIMER1_A_PIN   11
+    #define TIMER1_B_PIN   12
+    #define TIMER1_C_PIN   13
+#else
+   #define TIMER1_A_PIN   9
+   #define TIMER1_B_PIN   10
+#endif
+
+  void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
+    interruptHandler=callback;
+    noInterrupts();          
+    ADCSRA = (ADCSRA & 0b11111000) | 0b00000100;   // speed up analogRead sample time 
+    TCCR1A = 0;
+    ICR1 = CLOCK_CYCLES;
+    TCNT1 = 0;   
+    TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(CS10);     // Mode 8, clock select 1
+    TIMSK1 = _BV(TOIE1); // Enable Software interrupt
+    interrupts();
+  }
+
+// ISR called by timer interrupt every 58uS
+  ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect){ interruptHandler(); }
+
+// Alternative pin manipulation via PWM control.
+  bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
+       return pin==TIMER1_A_PIN 
+           || pin==TIMER1_B_PIN
+       #ifdef TIMER1_C_PIN 
+           || pin==TIMER1_C_PIN
+       #endif       
+       ;
+  }
+
+ void DCCTimer::setPWM(byte pin, bool high) {
+    if (pin==TIMER1_A_PIN) {
+      TCCR1A |= _BV(COM1A1);
+      OCR1A= high?1024:0;
+    }
+    else if (pin==TIMER1_B_PIN) { 
+      TCCR1A |= _BV(COM1B1);
+      OCR1B= high?1024:0;
+    }
+ #ifdef TIMER1_C_PIN 
+    else if (pin==TIMER1_C_PIN) { 
+      TCCR1A |= _BV(COM1C1);
+      OCR1C= high?1024:0;
+    }
+ #endif       
+ }
+
+
+  #include <avr/boot.h> 
+  void DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(byte mac[6]) {
+    for (byte i=0; i<6; i++) {
+      mac[i]=boot_signature_byte_get(0x0E + i);
+    }
+    mac[0] &= 0xFE;
+    mac[0] |= 0x02;
+
+  }
+
+#endif

DCCTimer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef DCCTimer_h
+#define DCCTimer_h
+#include "Arduino.h"
+
+typedef void (*INTERRUPT_CALLBACK)();
+
+class DCCTimer {
+  public:
+  static void begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK interrupt);
+  static void getSimulatedMacAddress(byte mac[6]);
+  static bool isPWMPin(byte pin);
+  static void setPWM(byte pin, bool high);
+#if (defined(TEENSYDUINO) && !defined(__IMXRT1062__))
+  static void read_mac(byte mac[6]);
+  static void read(uint8_t word, uint8_t *mac, uint8_t offset);
+#endif
+  private:
+};
+
+#endif

DCCWaveform.cpp

@@ -17,67 +17,64 @@
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
+ #pragma GCC optimize ("-O3")
 #include <Arduino.h>
 
 #include "DCCWaveform.h"
+#include "DCCTimer.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
- 
-const int NORMAL_SIGNAL_TIME=58;  // this is the 58uS DCC 1-bit waveform half-cycle 
-const int SLOW_SIGNAL_TIME=NORMAL_SIGNAL_TIME*512;
+#include "freeMemory.h"
 
 DCCWaveform  DCCWaveform::mainTrack(PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN, true);
 DCCWaveform  DCCWaveform::progTrack(PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG, false);
 
-
 bool DCCWaveform::progTrackSyncMain=false; 
 bool DCCWaveform::progTrackBoosted=false; 
-VirtualTimer * DCCWaveform::interruptTimer=NULL;      
+int  DCCWaveform::progTripValue=0;
   
-void DCCWaveform::begin(MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver * progDriver, byte timerNumber) {
+void DCCWaveform::begin(MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver * progDriver) {
   mainTrack.motorDriver=mainDriver;
   progTrack.motorDriver=progDriver;
-
+  progTripValue = progDriver->mA2raw(TRIP_CURRENT_PROG); // need only calculate once hence static
   mainTrack.setPowerMode(POWERMODE::OFF);      
   progTrack.setPowerMode(POWERMODE::OFF);
-  switch (timerNumber) {
-    case 1: interruptTimer= &TimerA; break;
-    case 2: interruptTimer= &TimerB; break;
-#ifndef ARDUINO_AVR_UNO  
-    case 3: interruptTimer= &TimerC; break;
-#endif    
-    default:
-      DIAG(F("\n\n *** Invalid Timer number %d requested. Only 1..3 valid.  DCC will not work.*** \n\n"), timerNumber);
-      return;
-  }
-  interruptTimer->initialize();
-  interruptTimer->setPeriod(NORMAL_SIGNAL_TIME); // this is the 58uS DCC 1-bit waveform half-cycle
-  interruptTimer->attachInterrupt(interruptHandler);
-  interruptTimer->start();
-}
-void DCCWaveform::setDiagnosticSlowWave(bool slow) {
-  interruptTimer->setPeriod(slow? SLOW_SIGNAL_TIME : NORMAL_SIGNAL_TIME);
-  interruptTimer->start(); 
-  DIAG(F("\nDCC SLOW WAVE %S\n"),slow?F("SET. DO NOT ADD LOCOS TO TRACK"):F("RESET")); 
+  // Fault pin config for odd motor boards (example pololu)
+  MotorDriver::commonFaultPin = ((mainDriver->getFaultPin() == progDriver->getFaultPin())
+				 && (mainDriver->getFaultPin() != UNUSED_PIN));
+  // Only use PWM if both pins are PWM capable. Otherwise JOIN does not work
+  MotorDriver::usePWM= mainDriver->isPWMCapable() && progDriver->isPWMCapable();
+  if (MotorDriver::usePWM)
+    DIAG(F("Signal pin config: high accuracy waveform"));
+  else
+    DIAG(F("Signal pin config: normal accuracy waveform"));
+  DCCTimer::begin(DCCWaveform::interruptHandler);     
 }
 
-void DCCWaveform::loop() {
-  mainTrack.checkPowerOverload();
-  progTrack.checkPowerOverload();
+void DCCWaveform::loop(bool ackManagerActive) {
+  mainTrack.checkPowerOverload(false);
+  progTrack.checkPowerOverload(ackManagerActive);
 }
 
-
-// static //
 void DCCWaveform::interruptHandler() {
   // call the timer edge sensitive actions for progtrack and maintrack
-  bool mainCall2 = mainTrack.interrupt1();
-  bool progCall2 = progTrack.interrupt1();
+  // member functions would be cleaner but have more overhead
+  byte sigMain=signalTransform[mainTrack.state];
+  byte sigProg=progTrackSyncMain? sigMain : signalTransform[progTrack.state];
+  
+  // Set the signal state for both tracks
+  mainTrack.motorDriver->setSignal(sigMain);
+  progTrack.motorDriver->setSignal(sigProg);
+  
+  // Move on in the state engine
+  mainTrack.state=stateTransform[mainTrack.state];    
+  progTrack.state=stateTransform[progTrack.state];    
+
+
+  // WAVE_PENDING means we dont yet know what the next bit is
+  if (mainTrack.state==WAVE_PENDING) mainTrack.interrupt2();  
+  if (progTrack.state==WAVE_PENDING) progTrack.interrupt2();
+  else if (progTrack.ackPending) progTrack.checkAck();
 
-  // call (if necessary) the procs to get the current bits
-  // these must complete within 50microsecs of the interrupt
-  // but they are only called ONCE PER BIT TRANSMITTED
-  // after the rising edge of the signal
-  if (mainCall2) mainTrack.interrupt2();
-  if (progCall2) progTrack.interrupt2();
 }
 
 
@@ -92,13 +89,12 @@ const byte bitMask[] = {0x00, 0x80, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01};
 
 
 DCCWaveform::DCCWaveform( byte preambleBits, bool isMain) {
-  // establish appropriate pins
   isMainTrack = isMain;
   packetPending = false;
   memcpy(transmitPacket, idlePacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
-  state = 0;
+  state = WAVE_START;
   // The +1 below is to allow the preamble generator to create the stop bit
-  // fpr the previous packet. 
+  // for the previous packet. 
   requiredPreambles = preambleBits+1;  
   bytes_sent = 0;
   bits_sent = 0;
@@ -112,24 +108,17 @@ POWERMODE DCCWaveform::getPowerMode() {
 }
 
 void DCCWaveform::setPowerMode(POWERMODE mode) {
-
-  // Prevent power switch on with no timer... Otheruise track will get full power DC and locos will run away.  
-  if (!interruptTimer) return; 
-  
   powerMode = mode;
   bool ison = (mode == POWERMODE::ON);
   motorDriver->setPower( ison);
 }
 
 
-void DCCWaveform::checkPowerOverload() {
-  
-  static int progTripValue = motorDriver->mA2raw(TRIP_CURRENT_PROG); // need only calculate once, hence static
-
+void DCCWaveform::checkPowerOverload(bool ackManagerActive) {
   if (millis() - lastSampleTaken  < sampleDelay) return;
   lastSampleTaken = millis();
   int tripValue= motorDriver->getRawCurrentTripValue();
-  if (!isMainTrack && !ackPending && !progTrackSyncMain && !progTrackBoosted)
+  if (!isMainTrack && !ackManagerActive && !progTrackSyncMain && !progTrackBoosted)
     tripValue=progTripValue;
   
   switch (powerMode) {
@@ -138,8 +127,26 @@ void DCCWaveform::checkPowerOverload() {
       break;
     case POWERMODE::ON:
       // Check current
-      lastCurrent = motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
-      if (lastCurrent <= tripValue) {
+      lastCurrent=motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
+      if (lastCurrent < 0) {
+	  // We have a fault pin condition to take care of
+	  lastCurrent = -lastCurrent;
+	  setPowerMode(POWERMODE::OVERLOAD); // Turn off, decide later how fast to turn on again
+	  if (MotorDriver::commonFaultPin) {
+	      if (lastCurrent <= tripValue) {
+		setPowerMode(POWERMODE::ON); // maybe other track
+	      }
+	      // Write this after the fact as we want to turn on as fast as possible
+	      // because we don't know which output actually triggered the fault pin
+	      DIAG(F("*** COMMON FAULT PIN ACTIVE - TOGGLED POWER on %S ***"), isMainTrack ? F("MAIN") : F("PROG"));
+	  } else {
+	      DIAG(F("*** %S FAULT PIN ACTIVE - OVERLOAD ***"), isMainTrack ? F("MAIN") : F("PROG"));
+	      if (lastCurrent < tripValue) {
+		  lastCurrent = tripValue; // exaggerate
+	      }
+	  }
+      }
+      if (lastCurrent < tripValue) {
         sampleDelay = POWER_SAMPLE_ON_WAIT;
 	if(power_good_counter<100)
 	  power_good_counter++;
@@ -149,9 +156,9 @@ void DCCWaveform::checkPowerOverload() {
         setPowerMode(POWERMODE::OVERLOAD);
         unsigned int mA=motorDriver->raw2mA(lastCurrent);
         unsigned int maxmA=motorDriver->raw2mA(tripValue);
-        DIAG(F("\n*** %S TRACK POWER OVERLOAD current=%d max=%d  offtime=%l ***\n"), isMainTrack ? F("MAIN") : F("PROG"), mA, maxmA, power_sample_overload_wait);
 	power_good_counter=0;
         sampleDelay = power_sample_overload_wait;
+        DIAG(F("*** %S TRACK POWER OVERLOAD current=%d max=%d  offtime=%d ***"), isMainTrack ? F("MAIN") : F("PROG"), mA, maxmA, sampleDelay);
 	if (power_sample_overload_wait >= 10000)
 	    power_sample_overload_wait = 10000;
 	else
@@ -162,77 +169,48 @@ void DCCWaveform::checkPowerOverload() {
       // Try setting it back on after the OVERLOAD_WAIT
       setPowerMode(POWERMODE::ON);
       sampleDelay = POWER_SAMPLE_ON_WAIT;
+      // Debug code....
+      DIAG(F("*** %S TRACK POWER RESET delay=%d ***"), isMainTrack ? F("MAIN") : F("PROG"), sampleDelay);
       break;
     default:
       sampleDelay = 999; // cant get here..meaningless statement to avoid compiler warning.
   }
 }
+// For each state of the wave  nextState=stateTransform[currentState] 
+const WAVE_STATE DCCWaveform::stateTransform[]={
+   /* WAVE_START   -> */ WAVE_PENDING,
+   /* WAVE_MID_1   -> */ WAVE_START,
+   /* WAVE_HIGH_0  -> */ WAVE_MID_0,
+   /* WAVE_MID_0   -> */ WAVE_LOW_0,
+   /* WAVE_LOW_0   -> */ WAVE_START,
+   /* WAVE_PENDING (should not happen) -> */ WAVE_PENDING};
 
-
-
-
-
-// process time-edge sensitive part of interrupt
-// return true if second level required
-bool DCCWaveform::interrupt1() {
-  // NOTE: this must consume transmission buffers even if the power is off
-  // otherwise can cause hangs in main loop waiting for the pendingBuffer.
-  switch (state) {
-    case 0:  // start of bit transmission
-      setSignal(HIGH);
-      state = 1;
-      return true; // must call interrupt2 to set currentBit
-
-    case 1:  // 58us after case 0
-      if (currentBit) {
-        setSignal(LOW);
-        state = 0;
-      }
-      else  {
-        setSignal(HIGH);  // jitter prevention
-        state = 2;
-      }
-      break;
-    case 2:  // 116us after case 0
-      setSignal(LOW);
-      state = 3;
-      break;
-    case 3:  // finished sending zero bit
-      setSignal(LOW);  // jitter prevention
-      state = 0;
-      break;
-  }
-
-  // ACK check is prog track only and will only be checked if 
-  // this is not case(0) which needs  relatively expensive packet change code to be called.
-  if (ackPending) checkAck();
-
-  return false;
-
-}
-
-void DCCWaveform::setSignal(bool high) {
-  if (progTrackSyncMain) {
-    if (!isMainTrack) return; // ignore PROG track waveform while in sync
-    // set both tracks to same signal
-    motorDriver->setSignal(high);
-    progTrack.motorDriver->setSignal(high);
-    return;     
-  }
-  motorDriver->setSignal(high);
-}
-      
+// For each state of the wave, signal pin is HIGH or LOW   
+const bool DCCWaveform::signalTransform[]={
+   /* WAVE_START   -> */ HIGH,
+   /* WAVE_MID_1   -> */ LOW,
+   /* WAVE_HIGH_0  -> */ HIGH,
+   /* WAVE_MID_0   -> */ LOW,
+   /* WAVE_LOW_0   -> */ LOW,
+   /* WAVE_PENDING (should not happen) -> */ LOW};
+        
 void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
-  // set currentBit to be the next bit to be sent.
+  // calculate the next bit to be sent:
+  // set state WAVE_MID_1  for a 1=bit
+  //        or WAVE_HIGH_0 for a 0 bit.
 
   if (remainingPreambles > 0 ) {
-    currentBit = true;
+    state=WAVE_MID_1;  // switch state to trigger LOW on next interrupt
     remainingPreambles--;
+    // Update free memory diagnostic as we don't have anything else to do this time.
+    // Allow for checkAck and its called functions using 22 bytes more.
+    updateMinimumFreeMemory(22); 
     return;
   }
 
+  // Wave has gone HIGH but what happens next depends on the bit to be transmitted
   // beware OF 9-BIT MASK  generating a zero to start each byte
-  currentBit = transmitPacket[bytes_sent] & bitMask[bits_sent];
+  state=(transmitPacket[bytes_sent] & bitMask[bits_sent])? WAVE_MID_1 : WAVE_HIGH_0; 
   bits_sent++;
 
   // If this is the last bit of a byte, prepare for the next byte
@@ -252,7 +230,10 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
       }
       else if (packetPending) {
         // Copy pending packet to transmit packet
-        for (int b = 0; b < pendingLength; b++) transmitPacket[b] = pendingPacket[b];
+        // a fixed length memcpy is faster than a variable length loop for these small lengths
+        // for (int b = 0; b < pendingLength; b++) transmitPacket[b] = pendingPacket[b];
+        memcpy( transmitPacket, pendingPacket, sizeof(pendingPacket));
+        
         transmitLength = pendingLength;
         transmitRepeats = pendingRepeats;
         packetPending = false;
@@ -273,14 +254,15 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
 
 // Wait until there is no packet pending, then make this pending
 void DCCWaveform::schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repeats) {
-  if (byteCount >= MAX_PACKET_SIZE) return; // allow for chksum
+  if (byteCount > MAX_PACKET_SIZE) return; // allow for chksum
   while (packetPending);
 
   byte checksum = 0;
-  for (int b = 0; b < byteCount; b++) {
+  for (byte b = 0; b < byteCount; b++) {
     checksum ^= buffer[b];
     pendingPacket[b] = buffer[b];
   }
+  // buffer is MAX_PACKET_SIZE but pendingPacket is one bigger
   pendingPacket[byteCount] = checksum;
   pendingLength = byteCount + 1;
   pendingRepeats = repeats;
@@ -288,18 +270,14 @@ void DCCWaveform::schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repea
   sentResetsSincePacket=0;
 }
 
-int DCCWaveform::getLastCurrent() {
-   return lastCurrent;
-}
-
 // Operations applicable to PROG track ONLY.
 // (yes I know I could have subclassed the main track but...) 
 
 void DCCWaveform::setAckBaseline() {
       if (isMainTrack) return;
-      int baseline = motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
+      int baseline=motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
       ackThreshold= baseline + motorDriver->mA2raw(ackLimitmA);
-      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\nACK baseline=%d/%dmA Threshold=%d/%dmA Duration: %dus <= pulse <= %dus"),
+      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("ACK baseline=%d/%dmA Threshold=%d/%dmA Duration between %dus and %dus"),
 			  baseline,motorDriver->raw2mA(baseline),
 			  ackThreshold,motorDriver->raw2mA(ackThreshold),
                           minAckPulseDuration, maxAckPulseDuration);
@@ -317,7 +295,7 @@ void DCCWaveform::setAckPending() {
 
 byte DCCWaveform::getAck() {
       if (ackPending) return (2);  // still waiting
-      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("\n%S after %dmS max=%d/%dmA pulse=%duS"),ackDetected?F("ACK"):F("NO-ACK"), ackCheckDuration, 
+      if (Diag::ACK) DIAG(F("%S after %dmS max=%d/%dmA pulse=%duS"),ackDetected?F("ACK"):F("NO-ACK"), ackCheckDuration, 
            ackMaxCurrent,motorDriver->raw2mA(ackMaxCurrent), ackPulseDuration);
       if (ackDetected) return (1); // Yes we had an ack
       return(0);  // pending set off but not detected means no ACK.   
@@ -325,18 +303,17 @@ byte DCCWaveform::getAck() {
 
 void DCCWaveform::checkAck() {
     // This function operates in interrupt() time so must be fast and can't DIAG 
-    
     if (sentResetsSincePacket > 6) {  //ACK timeout
         ackCheckDuration=millis()-ackCheckStart;
         ackPending = false;
         return; 
     }
       
-    lastCurrent=motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
-    if (lastCurrent > ackMaxCurrent) ackMaxCurrent=lastCurrent;
+    int current=motorDriver->getCurrentRaw();
+    if (current > ackMaxCurrent) ackMaxCurrent=current;
     // An ACK is a pulse lasting between minAckPulseDuration and maxAckPulseDuration uSecs (refer @haba)
         
-    if (lastCurrent>ackThreshold) {
+    if (current>ackThreshold) {
        if (ackPulseStart==0) ackPulseStart=micros();    // leading edge of pulse detected
        return;
     }

DCCWaveform.h

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
  */
 #ifndef DCCWaveform_h
 #define DCCWaveform_h
+
 #include "MotorDriver.h"
-#include "ArduinoTimers.h"
 
 // Wait times for power management. Unit: milliseconds
 const int  POWER_SAMPLE_ON_WAIT = 100;
@@ -30,15 +30,18 @@ const int  POWER_SAMPLE_OVERLOAD_WAIT = 20;
 // Number of preamble bits.
 const int   PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN = 16;
 const int   PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG = 22;
+const byte   MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 5;  // NMRA standard extended packets, payload size WITHOUT checksum.
+
+// The WAVE_STATE enum is deliberately numbered because a change of order would be catastrophic
+// to the transform array.
+enum  WAVE_STATE : byte {WAVE_START=0,WAVE_MID_1=1,WAVE_HIGH_0=2,WAVE_MID_0=3,WAVE_LOW_0=4,WAVE_PENDING=5};
 
 
-
-const byte   MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 12;
 // NOTE: static functions are used for the overall controller, then
 // one instance is created for each track.
 
 
-enum class POWERMODE { OFF, ON, OVERLOAD };
+enum class POWERMODE : byte { OFF, ON, OVERLOAD };
 
 const byte idlePacket[] = {0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF};
 const byte resetPacket[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
@@ -46,17 +49,15 @@ const byte resetPacket[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
 class DCCWaveform {
   public:
     DCCWaveform( byte preambleBits, bool isMain);
-    static void begin(MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver * progDriver, byte timerNumber);
-    static void setDiagnosticSlowWave(bool slow);
-    static void loop();
+    static void begin(MotorDriver * mainDriver, MotorDriver * progDriver);
+    static void loop(bool ackManagerActive);
     static DCCWaveform  mainTrack;
     static DCCWaveform  progTrack;
 
     void beginTrack();
     void setPowerMode(POWERMODE);
     POWERMODE getPowerMode();
-    void checkPowerOverload();
-    int  getLastCurrent();
+    void checkPowerOverload(bool ackManagerActive);
     inline int get1024Current() {
 	  if (powerMode == POWERMODE::ON)
 	      return (int)(lastCurrent*(long int)1024/motorDriver->getRawCurrentTripValue());
@@ -94,6 +95,9 @@ class DCCWaveform {
 	    autoPowerOff=false;
 	}
     };
+    inline bool canMeasureCurrent() {
+      return motorDriver->canMeasureCurrent();
+    };
     inline void setAckLimit(int mA) {
 	ackLimitmA = mA;
     }
@@ -105,30 +109,33 @@ class DCCWaveform {
     }
 
   private:
-    static VirtualTimer * interruptTimer;      
+    
+// For each state of the wave  nextState=stateTransform[currentState] 
+   static const WAVE_STATE stateTransform[6];
+
+// For each state of the wave, signal pin is HIGH or LOW   
+   static const bool signalTransform[6];
+  
     static void interruptHandler();
-    bool interrupt1();
     void interrupt2();
     void checkAck();
-    void setSignal(bool high);
     
     bool isMainTrack;
     MotorDriver*  motorDriver;
     // Transmission controller
-    byte transmitPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE];  // packet being transmitted
+    byte transmitPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1]; // +1 for checksum
     byte transmitLength;
     byte transmitRepeats;      // remaining repeats of transmission
     byte remainingPreambles;
     byte requiredPreambles;
-    bool currentBit;           // bit to be transmitted
     byte bits_sent;           // 0-8 (yes 9 bits) sent for current byte
     byte bytes_sent;          // number of bytes sent from transmitPacket
-    byte state;               // wave generator state machine
-
-    byte pendingPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE];
+    WAVE_STATE state;         // wave generator state machine
+    byte pendingPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1]; // +1 for checksum
     byte pendingLength;
     byte pendingRepeats;
-    int lastCurrent;
+    int  lastCurrent;
+    static int progTripValue;
     int maxmA;
     int tripmA;
     

DIAG.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
  */
 #ifndef DIAG_h
 #define DIAG_h
+
 #include "StringFormatter.h"
 #define DIAG  StringFormatter::diag
 #define LCD   StringFormatter::lcd

EEStore.cpp

@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ int EEStore::pointer(){
 
 void EEStore::dump(int num) {
     byte b;
-    DIAG(F("\nAddr  0x  char\n"));
+    DIAG(F("Addr  0x  char"));
     for (int n=0 ; n<num; n++) {
 	EEPROM.get(n, b);
-	DIAG(F("%d     %x    %c\n"),n,b,isprint(b) ? b : ' ');
+	DIAG(F("%d     %x    %c"),n,b,isprint(b) ? b : ' ');
     }
 }
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

EthernetInterface.cpp

@@ -17,13 +17,18 @@
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  * 
  */
-
-#include "config.h"
-#include "defines.h" // This should be changed to DCCEX.h when possible
+#if __has_include ( "config.h")
+  #include "config.h"
+#else
+  #warning config.h not found. Using defaults from config.example.h 
+  #include "config.example.h"
+#endif
+#include "defines.h" 
 #if ETHERNET_ON == true
 #include "EthernetInterface.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
 #include "CommandDistributor.h"
+#include "DCCTimer.h"
 
 EthernetInterface * EthernetInterface::singleton=NULL;
 /**
@@ -45,27 +50,26 @@ void EthernetInterface::setup()
  */
 EthernetInterface::EthernetInterface()
 {
-    byte mac[]=MAC_ADDRESS;
-    
-    DIAG(F("\n+++++ Ethernet Setup "));
-        connected=false;
+    byte mac[6];
+    DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(mac);
+    connected=false;
    
     #ifdef IP_ADDRESS
     Ethernet.begin(mac, IP_ADDRESS);
     #else
     if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0)
     {
-        DIAG(F("begin FAILED\n"));
+        DIAG(F("Ethernet.begin FAILED"));
         return;
     } 
     #endif
     DIAG(F("begin OK."));
      if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
-      DIAG(F("shield not found\n"));
+      DIAG(F("Ethernet shield not found"));
       return;
     }
     if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
-      DIAG(F("cable not connected\n"));
+      DIAG(F("Ethernet cable not connected"));
       return;
     }
     
@@ -73,11 +77,11 @@ EthernetInterface::EthernetInterface()
     
     IPAddress ip = Ethernet.localIP(); // reassign the obtained ip address
 
-    server = new EthernetServer(LISTEN_PORT); // Ethernet Server listening on default port LISTEN_PORT
+    server = new EthernetServer(IP_PORT); // Ethernet Server listening on default port IP_PORT
     server->begin();
   
     LCD(4,F("IP: %d.%d.%d.%d"), ip[0], ip[1], ip[2], ip[3]);
-    LCD(5,F("Port:%d"), LISTEN_PORT);
+    LCD(5,F("Port:%d"), IP_PORT);
 
     outboundRing=new RingStream(OUTBOUND_RING_SIZE);     
 }
@@ -94,13 +98,13 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
     {
     case 1:
         //renewed fail
-        DIAG(F("\nEthernet Error: renewed fail\n"));
+        DIAG(F("Ethernet Error: renewed fail"));
         singleton=NULL;
         return;
 
     case 3:
         //rebind fail
-        DIAG(F("Ethernet Error: rebind fail\n"));
+        DIAG(F("Ethernet Error: rebind fail"));
         singleton=NULL;
         return;
 
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
     // check for new client
     if (client)
     {
-        if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("\nEthernet: New client "));
+        if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("Ethernet: New client "));
         byte socket;
         for (socket = 0; socket < MAX_SOCK_NUM; socket++)
         {
@@ -129,12 +133,12 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
             {
                 // On accept() the EthernetServer doesn't track the client anymore
                 // so we store it in our client array
-                if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("%d\n"),socket);
+                if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("Socket %d"),socket);
                 clients[socket] = client;
                 break;
             }
         }
-        if (socket==MAX_SOCK_NUM) DIAG(F("new Ethernet OVERFLOW\n")); 
+        if (socket==MAX_SOCK_NUM) DIAG(F("new Ethernet OVERFLOW")); 
     }
 
     // check for incoming data from all possible clients
@@ -144,11 +148,11 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
         
         int available=clients[socket].available();
         if (available > 0) {
-            if (Diag::ETHERNET)  DIAG(F("\nEthernet: available socket=%d,avail=%d,count="), socket, available);
+            if (Diag::ETHERNET)  DIAG(F("Ethernet: available socket=%d,avail=%d"), socket, available);
             // read bytes from a client
             int count = clients[socket].read(buffer, MAX_ETH_BUFFER);
             buffer[count] = '\0'; // terminate the string properly
-            if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("%d:%e\n"), socket,buffer);
+            if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F(",count=%d:%e"), socket,buffer);
             // execute with data going directly back
             outboundRing->mark(socket); 
             CommandDistributor::parse(socket,buffer,outboundRing);
@@ -162,7 +166,7 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
    for (int socket = 0; socket<MAX_SOCK_NUM; socket++) {
      if (clients[socket] && !clients[socket].connected()) {
       clients[socket].stop();
-      if (Diag::ETHERNET)  DIAG(F("\nEthernet: disconnect %d \n"), socket);             
+      if (Diag::ETHERNET)  DIAG(F("Ethernet: disconnect %d "), socket);             
      }
     }
     
@@ -170,7 +174,7 @@ void EthernetInterface::loop()
     int socketOut=outboundRing->read();
     if (socketOut>=0) {
       int count=outboundRing->count();
-      if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("Ethernet reply socket=%d, count=:%d\n"), socketOut,count);
+      if (Diag::ETHERNET) DIAG(F("Ethernet reply socket=%d, count=:%d"), socketOut,count);
       for(;count>0;count--)  clients[socketOut].write(outboundRing->read());
       clients[socketOut].flush(); //maybe 
     }

EthernetInterface.h

@@ -22,23 +22,28 @@
 
 #ifndef EthernetInterface_h
 #define EthernetInterface_h
-
+#if __has_include ( "config.h")
+  #include "config.h"
+#else
+  #warning config.h not found. Using defaults from config.example.h 
+  #include "config.example.h"
+#endif
 #include "DCCEXParser.h"
-#include "MemStream.h"
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include <avr/pgmspace.h>
-#include <Ethernet.h>
+#if defined (ARDUINO_TEENSY41)
+ #include <NativeEthernet.h>         //TEENSY Ethernet Treiber
+ #include <NativeEthernetUdp.h>   
+#else
+ #include "Ethernet.h"
+#endif
 #include "RingStream.h"
 
 /**
  * @brief Network Configuration
  * 
  */
-#ifndef MAC_ADDRESS
-#error define MAC_ADDRESS in config.h
-#endif
 
-#define LISTEN_PORT 2560                                        // default listen port for the server 
 #define MAX_ETH_BUFFER 512
 #define OUTBOUND_RING_SIZE 2048
 

FSH.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef FSH_h
+#define FSH_h
+
+/* This is an architecture support file to manage the differences 
+ *  between the nano/uno.mega and the later nanoEvery, unoWifiRev2 etc
+ *  
+ *  IMPORTANT:
+ *  To maintain portability the main code should NOT contain ANY references 
+ *  to the following: 
+ *  
+ *  __FlashStringHelper     Use FSH instead.
+ *  PROGMEM                 use FLASH instead
+ *  pgm_read_byte_near      use GETFLASH instead.
+ *  
+ */
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
+#ifdef F
+  #undef F
+#endif
+#define F(str) (str)
+typedef char FSH; 
+#define GETFLASH(addr) (*(const unsigned char *)(addr))
+#define FLASH
+#else 
+typedef __FlashStringHelper FSH;
+#define GETFLASH(addr) pgm_read_byte_near(addr)
+#define FLASH PROGMEM
+#endif
+#endif

GITHUB_SHA.h

@@ -1 +1 @@
-#define GITHUB_SHA "9db6d36"
+#define GITHUB_SHA "e7e8e84"

I2CManager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <Wire.h>
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+
+// If not already initialised, initialise I2C (wire).
+void I2CManagerClass::begin(void) {
+  if (!_beginCompleted) {
+    Wire.begin();
+    _beginCompleted = true;
+  }
+}
+
+// Set clock speed to the lowest requested one. If none requested,
+//  the Wire default is 100kHz.
+void I2CManagerClass::setClock(uint32_t speed) {
+  if (speed < _clockSpeed && !_clockSpeedFixed) {
+    _clockSpeed = speed;
+    Wire.setClock(_clockSpeed);
+  }
+}
+
+// Force clock speed to that specified.  It can then only 
+// be overridden by calling Wire.setClock directly.
+void I2CManagerClass::forceClock(uint32_t speed) {
+  if (!_clockSpeedFixed) {
+    _clockSpeed = speed;
+    _clockSpeedFixed = true;
+    Wire.setClock(_clockSpeed);
+  }
+}
+
+// Check if specified I2C address is responding.
+// Returns 0 if OK, or error code.
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::checkAddress(uint8_t address) {
+  begin();
+  Wire.beginTransmission(address);
+  return Wire.endTransmission();
+}
+
+bool I2CManagerClass::exists(uint8_t address) {
+  return checkAddress(address)==0;
+}
+
+// Write a complete transmission to I2C using a supplied buffer of data
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::write(uint8_t address, const uint8_t buffer[], uint8_t size) {
+  Wire.beginTransmission(address);
+  Wire.write(buffer, size);
+  return Wire.endTransmission();
+}
+
+// Write a complete transmission to I2C using a supplied buffer of data in Flash
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::write_P(uint8_t address, const uint8_t buffer[], uint8_t size) {
+  uint8_t ramBuffer[size];
+  memcpy_P(ramBuffer, buffer, size);
+  return write(address, ramBuffer, size);
+}
+  
+
+// Write a complete transmission to I2C using a list of data 
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::write(uint8_t address, int nBytes, ...) {
+  uint8_t buffer[nBytes];
+  va_list args;
+  va_start(args, nBytes);
+  for (uint8_t i=0; i<nBytes; i++)
+    buffer[i] = va_arg(args, int);
+  va_end(args);
+  return write(address, buffer, nBytes);
+}
+
+// Write a command and read response, returns number of bytes received.
+//  Different modules use different ways of accessing registers: 
+//    PCF8574 I/O expander justs needs the address (no data);
+//    PCA9685 needs a two byte command to select the register(s) to be read;
+//    MCP23016 needs a one-byte command to select the register.
+// Some devices use 8-bit registers exclusively and some have 16-bit registers.
+// Therefore the following function is general purpose, to apply to any
+// type of I2C device.
+//
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::read(uint8_t address, uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize,
+                              uint8_t writeBuffer[], uint8_t writeSize) {
+  if (writeSize > 0) {
+    Wire.beginTransmission(address);
+    Wire.write(writeBuffer, writeSize);
+    Wire.endTransmission(false); // Don't free bus yet
+  }
+  Wire.requestFrom(address, readSize);
+  uint8_t nBytes = 0;
+  while (Wire.available() && nBytes < readSize) 
+    readBuffer[nBytes++] = Wire.read();
+  return nBytes;
+}
+
+// Overload of read() to allow command to be specified as a series of bytes.
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::read(uint8_t address, uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize, 
+                                  uint8_t writeSize, ...) {
+  va_list args;
+  // Copy the series of bytes into an array.
+  va_start(args, writeSize);
+  uint8_t writeBuffer[writeSize];
+  for (uint8_t i=0; i<writeSize; i++)
+    writeBuffer[i] = va_arg(args, int);
+  va_end(args);
+  return read(address, readBuffer, readSize, writeBuffer, writeSize);
+}
+
+uint8_t I2CManagerClass::read(uint8_t address, uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize) {
+  return read(address, readBuffer, readSize, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+I2CManagerClass I2CManager = I2CManagerClass();

I2CManager.h

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef I2CManager_h
+#define I2CManager_h
+
+#include "FSH.h"
+
+/* 
+ * Helper class to manage access to the I2C 'Wire' subsystem.
+ * 
+ * Helps to avoid calling Wire.begin() multiple times (which is not)
+ * entirely benign as it reinitialises).
+ * 
+ * Also helps to avoid the Wire clock from being set, by another device
+ * driver, to a speed which is higher than a device supports.
+ * 
+ * Thirdly, it provides a convenient way to check whether there is a 
+ * device on a particular I2C address.
+ */
+
+class I2CManagerClass {
+
+public:
+
+  I2CManagerClass() {}
+
+  // If not already initialised, initialise I2C (wire).
+  void begin(void);
+  // Set clock speed to the lowest requested one.
+  void setClock(uint32_t speed);
+  // Force clock speed 
+  void forceClock(uint32_t speed);
+  // Check if specified I2C address is responding.
+  uint8_t checkAddress(uint8_t address);
+  bool exists(uint8_t address);
+  // Write a complete transmission to I2C from an array in RAM
+  uint8_t write(uint8_t address, const uint8_t buffer[], uint8_t size);
+  // Write a complete transmission to I2C from an array in Flash
+  uint8_t write_P(uint8_t address, const uint8_t buffer[], uint8_t size);
+  // Write a transmission to I2C from a list of bytes.
+  uint8_t write(uint8_t address, int nBytes, ...);
+  // Write a command from an array in RAM and read response
+  uint8_t read(uint8_t address, uint8_t writeBuffer[], uint8_t writeSize, 
+    uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize);
+  // Write a command from an arbitrary list of bytes and read response
+  uint8_t read(uint8_t address, uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize, 
+    uint8_t writeSize, ...);
+  // Write a null command and read the response.
+  uint8_t read(uint8_t address, uint8_t readBuffer[], uint8_t readSize);
+
+private:
+  bool _beginCompleted = false;
+  bool _clockSpeedFixed = false;
+  uint32_t _clockSpeed = 400000L;  // 400kHz max on Arduino.
+};
+
+extern I2CManagerClass I2CManager;
+
+#endif

LCDDisplay.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
  *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -17,63 +17,146 @@
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-// CAUTION: the device dependent parts of this class are created in the .ini using LCD_Implementation.h
+// CAUTION: the device dependent parts of this class are created in the .ini
+// using LCD_Implementation.h
+
+/* The strategy for drawing the screen is as follows.
+ *  1) There are up to eight rows of text to be displayed.
+ *  2) Blank rows of text are ignored.
+ *  3) If there are more non-blank rows than screen lines,
+ *     then all of the rows are displayed, with the rest of the
+ *     screen being blank.
+ *  4) If there are fewer non-blank rows than screen lines,
+ *     then a scrolling strategy is adopted so that, on each screen
+ *     refresh, a different subset of the rows is presented.
+ *  5) On each entry into loop2(), a single operation is sent to the 
+ *     screen; this may be a position command or a character for
+ *     display.  This spreads the onerous work of updating the screen
+ *     and ensures that other loop() functions in the application are
+ *     not held up significantly.  The exception to this is when 
+ *     the loop2() function is called with force=true, where 
+ *     a screen update is executed to completion.  This is normally
+ *     only done during start-up.
+ *  The scroll mode is selected by defining SCROLLMODE as 0, 1 or 2
+ *  in the config.h.
+ *  #define SCROLLMODE 0 is scroll continuous (fill screen if poss),
+ *  #define SCROLLMODE 1 is by page (alternate between pages),
+ *  #define SCROLLMODE 2 is by row (move up 1 row at a time).
+
+ */
+
 #include "LCDDisplay.h"
 
- void LCDDisplay::clear() {
-      clearNative();
-      for (byte row=0;row<MAX_LCD_ROWS; row++)  rowBuffer[row][0]='\0';
-      topRow=-1; // loop2 will fill from row 0
- }
+void LCDDisplay::clear() {
+  clearNative();
+  for (byte row = 0; row < MAX_LCD_ROWS; row++) rowBuffer[row][0] = '\0';
+  topRow = -1;  // loop2 will fill from row 0
+}
 
- void LCDDisplay::setRow(byte line) {
-      hotRow=line;
-      hotCol=0;
- }
+void LCDDisplay::setRow(byte line) {
+  hotRow = line;
+  hotCol = 0;
+}
 
 size_t LCDDisplay::write(uint8_t b) {
-     if (hotRow>=MAX_LCD_ROWS || hotCol>=MAX_LCD_COLS) return -1;
-     rowBuffer[hotRow][hotCol]=b;
-     hotCol++;
-     rowBuffer[hotRow][hotCol]=0;
-     return 1;
- }
- 
- void LCDDisplay::loop() {
-    if (!lcdDisplay) return;
-    lcdDisplay->loop2(false);
- }
- 
- LCDDisplay*  LCDDisplay::loop2(bool force) { 
-    if ((!force) && (millis() - lastScrollTime)< LCD_SCROLL_TIME) return NULL;
-    lastScrollTime=millis();
-    clearNative();
-    int rowFirst=nextFilledRow();
-    if (rowFirst<0)return NULL; // No filled rows
-    setRowNative(0);
-    writeNative(rowBuffer[rowFirst]);
-    for (int slot=1;slot<lcdRows;slot++) {
-      int rowNext=nextFilledRow();
-      if (rowNext==rowFirst){
-         // we have wrapped around and not filled the screen 
-         topRow=-1; // start again at first row next time.  
-         break; 
+  if (hotRow >= MAX_LCD_ROWS || hotCol >= MAX_LCD_COLS) return -1;
+  rowBuffer[hotRow][hotCol] = b;
+  hotCol++;
+  rowBuffer[hotRow][hotCol] = 0;
+  return 1;
+}
+
+void LCDDisplay::loop() {
+  if (!lcdDisplay) return;
+  lcdDisplay->loop2(false);
+}
+
+LCDDisplay *LCDDisplay::loop2(bool force) {
+  if (!lcdDisplay) return NULL;
+  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
+
+  if (!force) {
+    // See if we're in the time between updates
+    if ((currentMillis - lastScrollTime) < LCD_SCROLL_TIME)
+      return NULL;
+  } else {
+    // force full screen update from the beginning.
+    rowFirst = -1;
+    rowNext = 0;
+    bufferPointer = 0;
+    done = false;
+    slot = 0;
+  }
+
+  do {
+    if (bufferPointer == 0) {
+      // Find a line of data to write to the screen.
+      if (rowFirst < 0) rowFirst = rowNext;
+      skipBlankRows();
+      if (!done) {
+        // Non-blank line found, so copy it.
+        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(buffer); i++)
+          buffer[i] = rowBuffer[rowNext][i];
+      } else
+        buffer[0] = '\0';  // Empty line
+      setRowNative(slot);  // Set position for display
+      charIndex = 0;
+      bufferPointer = &buffer[0];
+
+    } else {
+
+      // Write next character, or a space to erase current position.
+      char ch = *bufferPointer;
+      if (ch) {
+        writeNative(ch);
+        bufferPointer++;
+      } else
+        writeNative(' ');
+
+      if (++charIndex >= MAX_LCD_COLS) {
+        // Screen slot completed, move to next slot on screen
+        slot++;
+        bufferPointer = 0;
+        if (!done) {
+          moveToNextRow();
+          skipBlankRows();
+        }
       }
-      setRowNative(slot);
-      writeNative(rowBuffer[rowNext]);
-    } 
-    displayNative();   
-    return NULL; 
- }
 
- int LCDDisplay::nextFilledRow() {
-      for (int rx=1;rx<=MAX_LCD_ROWS;rx++) {
-          topRow++;
-          topRow %= MAX_LCD_ROWS;
-          if (rowBuffer[topRow][0]) return topRow; 
-          }
-      return -1; // No slots filled
- }
+      if (slot >= lcdRows) {
+        // Last slot finished, reset ready for next screen update.
+#if SCROLLMODE==2
+        if (!done) {
+          // On next refresh, restart one row on from previous start.
+          rowNext = rowFirst;
+          moveToNextRow();
+          skipBlankRows();
+        }
+#endif
+        done = false;
+        slot = 0;
+        rowFirst = -1;
+        lastScrollTime = currentMillis;
+        return NULL;
+      }
+    }
+  } while (force);
 
-  
-   
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+void LCDDisplay::moveToNextRow() {
+  rowNext = (rowNext + 1) % MAX_LCD_ROWS;
+#if SCROLLMODE == 1
+  // Finished if we've looped back to row 0
+  if (rowNext == 0) done = true;
+#else
+  // Finished if we're back to the first one shown
+  if (rowNext == rowFirst) done = true;
+#endif
+}
+
+void LCDDisplay::skipBlankRows() {
+  while (!done && rowBuffer[rowNext][0] == 0)
+    moveToNextRow();
+}

LCDDisplay.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
  *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -20,44 +20,61 @@
 #define LCDDisplay_h
 #include <Arduino.h>
 
+#if __has_include ( "config.h")
+  #include "config.h"
+#endif
+
+// Allow maximum message length to be overridden from config.h
+#if !defined(MAX_MSG_SIZE) 
+#define MAX_MSG_SIZE 16
+#endif
+
 // This class is created in LCDisplay_Implementation.h
 
 class LCDDisplay : public Print {
+ public:
+  static const int MAX_LCD_ROWS = 8;
+  static const int MAX_LCD_COLS = MAX_MSG_SIZE;
+  static const long LCD_SCROLL_TIME = 3000;  // 3 seconds
 
-  public:
-    static const int MAX_LCD_ROWS=8;
-    static const int MAX_LCD_COLS=16;
-    static const long LCD_SCROLL_TIME=3000; // 3 seconds  
-    
-    static LCDDisplay* lcdDisplay; 
-    LCDDisplay();
-    void interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3);    
+  static LCDDisplay* lcdDisplay;
+  LCDDisplay();
+  void interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3);
 
-    // Internally handled functions
-    static void loop();
-    LCDDisplay*  loop2(bool force);
-    void setRow(byte line); 
-    void clear();
-   
-    virtual size_t write(uint8_t b);
-    using Print::write;
-    
-  private:
-    int nextFilledRow();
-  
-   // Relay functions to the live driver
-    void clearNative();
-    void displayNative();
-    void setRowNative(byte line); 
-    void writeNative(char * b);
-  
-   unsigned long lastScrollTime=0;
-   int hotRow=0;
-   int hotCol=0; 
-   int topRow=0;
-   int lcdRows;
-   void renderRow(byte row);
-   char rowBuffer[MAX_LCD_ROWS][MAX_LCD_COLS+1];     
+  // Internally handled functions
+  static void loop();
+  LCDDisplay* loop2(bool force);
+  void setRow(byte line);
+  void clear();
+
+  virtual size_t write(uint8_t b);
+  using Print::write;
+
+ private:
+  void moveToNextRow();
+  void skipBlankRows();
+
+  // Relay functions to the live driver
+  void clearNative();
+  void displayNative();
+  void setRowNative(byte line);
+  void writeNative(char b);
+
+  unsigned long lastScrollTime = 0;
+  int8_t hotRow = 0;
+  int8_t hotCol = 0;
+  int8_t topRow = 0;
+  uint8_t lcdRows;
+  uint8_t lcdCols;
+  int8_t slot = 0;
+  int8_t rowFirst = -1;
+  int8_t rowNext = 0;
+  int8_t charIndex = 0;
+  char buffer[MAX_LCD_COLS + 1];
+  char* bufferPointer = 0;
+  bool done = false;
+
+  char rowBuffer[MAX_LCD_ROWS][MAX_LCD_COLS + 1];
 };
 
 #endif

LCD_Implementation.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
  *  
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
@@ -22,12 +22,11 @@
 //
 // It will create a driver implemntation and a shim class implementation.
 // This means that other classes can reference the shim without knowing
-// which libraray is involved.
+// which library is involved.
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 #ifndef LCD_Implementation_h
 #define LCD_Implementation_h
-#include "config.h"
 #include <Wire.h>
 #include "LCDDisplay.h"
   
@@ -50,7 +49,7 @@ LCDDisplay * LCDDisplay::lcdDisplay=0;
 
 #else 
   #include "LCD_NONE.h"
-  #define CONDITIONAL_LCD_START if (false) /* NO LCD CONFIG */      
+  #define CONDITIONAL_LCD_START if (true) /* NO LCD CONFIG, but do the LCD macros to get DIAGS */      
 #endif
 
 #endif // LCD_Implementation_h

LCD_LCD.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
  *  
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
-  #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> 
+  #include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h" 
   LiquidCrystal_I2C LCDDriver(LCD_DRIVER);  // set the LCD address, cols, rows 
   // DEVICE SPECIFIC LCDDisplay Implementation for LCD_DRIVER
   LCDDisplay::LCDDisplay() { 
@@ -28,10 +28,6 @@
   }
   void LCDDisplay::interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3) {(void)p1; (void)p2; lcdRows=p3; }   
   void LCDDisplay::clearNative() {LCDDriver.clear();}
-  void LCDDisplay::setRowNative(byte row) { 
-    LCDDriver.setCursor(0, row);
-    LCDDriver.print(F("                "));
-    LCDDriver.setCursor(0, row);
-    }
-  void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char * b){ LCDDriver.print(b); }    
+  void LCDDisplay::setRowNative(byte row) { LCDDriver.setCursor(0, row); }
+  void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char b){ LCDDriver.write(b); }    
   void LCDDisplay::displayNative() { LCDDriver.display(); }

LCD_NONE.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
  *  
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
   void LCDDisplay::interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3) {(void)p1; (void)p2; (void)p3;}   
   void LCDDisplay::setRowNative(byte row) { (void)row;} 
   void LCDDisplay::clearNative() {}
-  void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char * b){ (void)b;} //  
+  void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char b){ (void)b;} //  
   void LCDDisplay::displayNative(){}
   

LCD_OLED.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
  *
  *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -17,41 +17,57 @@
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-// OLED Implementation of LCDDisplay class 
-// Note: this file is optionally included by LCD_Implenentation.h
-// It is NOT a .cpp file to prevent it being compiled and demanding libraraies even when not needed.
-  
-#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
-Adafruit_SSD1306 LCDDriver(OLED_DRIVER);
-  
+// OLED Implementation of LCDDisplay class
+// Note: this file is optionally included by LCD_Implementation.h
+// It is NOT a .cpp file to prevent it being compiled and demanding libraries
+// even when not needed.
+
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+#include "SSD1306Ascii.h"
+SSD1306AsciiWire LCDDriver;
+
 // DEVICE SPECIFIC LCDDisplay Implementation for OLED
 
 LCDDisplay::LCDDisplay() {
-    if(LCDDriver.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C) || LCDDriver.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3D)) {
-      DIAG(F("\nOLED display found")); 
-      delay(2000); // painful Adafruit splash pants! 
-      lcdDisplay=this;
-      LCDDriver.setTextSize(1);             // Normal 1:1 pixel scale
-      LCDDriver.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);            // Draw white text
-      interfake(OLED_DRIVER,0);
+  // Scan for device on 0x3c and 0x3d.
+  I2CManager.begin();
+  I2CManager.setClock(400000L);  // Set max supported I2C speed
+  for (byte address = 0x3c; address <= 0x3d; address++) {
+    if (I2CManager.exists(address)) {
+      // Device found
+      DIAG(F("OLED display found at 0x%x"), address);
+      interfake(OLED_DRIVER, 0);
+      const DevType *devType;
+      if (lcdCols == 132)
+        devType = &SH1106_128x64;  // Actually 132x64 but treated as 128x64
+      else if (lcdCols == 128 && lcdRows == 4)
+        devType = &Adafruit128x32;
+      else
+        devType = &Adafruit128x64;
+      LCDDriver.begin(devType, address);
+      lcdDisplay = this;
+      LCDDriver.setFont(System5x7);  // Normal 1:1 pixel scale, 8 bits high
       clear();
-      return;  
-      }
-    DIAG(F("\nOLED display not found\n"));
+      return;
     }
+  }
+  DIAG(F("OLED display not found"));
+}
 
-  void LCDDisplay::interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3) {(void)p1; lcdRows=p2/8; (void)p3;}   
+void LCDDisplay::interfake(int p1, int p2, int p3) {
+  lcdCols = p1;
+  lcdRows = p2 / 8;
+  (void)p3;
+}
 
-  void LCDDisplay::clearNative() {LCDDriver.clearDisplay();}
+void LCDDisplay::clearNative() { LCDDriver.clear(); }
 
-  void LCDDisplay::setRowNative(byte row) {
-    // Positions text write to start of row 1..n and clears previous text 
-    int y=8*row;
-    LCDDriver.fillRect(0, y, LCDDriver.width(),   8, SSD1306_BLACK);
-    LCDDriver.setCursor(0, y); 
-    }
-  
-  void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char * b){ LCDDriver.print(b); }    
-  
-  void LCDDisplay::displayNative() { LCDDriver.display(); }  
-  
+void LCDDisplay::setRowNative(byte row) {
+  // Positions text write to start of row 1..n
+  int y = row;
+  LCDDriver.setCursor(0, y);
+}
+
+void LCDDisplay::writeNative(char b) { LCDDriver.write(b); }
+
+void LCDDisplay::displayNative() {}

LCN.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of DCC-EX CommandStation-EX 
+ *  
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "LCN.h"
+#include "DIAG.h"
+#include "Turnouts.h"
+#include "Sensors.h"
+
+int  LCN::id = 0;
+Stream * LCN::stream=NULL;
+bool LCN::firstLoop=true;
+
+void LCN::init(Stream & lcnstream) {
+  stream=&lcnstream; 
+  DIAG(F("LCN connection setup")); 
+}
+
+
+// Inbound LCN traffic is postfix notation...   nnnX  where nnn is an id, X is the opcode
+void LCN::loop() {
+  if (!stream) return;
+  if (firstLoop) {
+    firstLoop=false;
+    stream->println('X');
+    return; 
+  }
+  
+  while (stream->available()) {
+    int ch = stream->read();
+    if (ch >= 0 && ch <= '9') {  // accumulate id value
+      id = 10 * id + ch - '0';
+    }
+    else if (ch == 't' || ch == 'T') { // Turnout opcodes
+      if (Diag::LCN) DIAG(F("LCN IN %d%c"),id,(char)ch);
+      Turnout * tt = Turnout::get(id);
+      if (!tt) Turnout::create(id, LCN_TURNOUT_ADDRESS, 0);
+      if (ch == 't') tt->data.tStatus |= STATUS_ACTIVE;
+      else   tt->data.tStatus &= ~STATUS_ACTIVE;
+      Turnout::turnoutlistHash++; // signals ED update of turnout data
+      id = 0;
+    }
+    else if (ch == 'S' || ch == 's') {
+      if (Diag::LCN) DIAG(F("LCN IN %d%c"),id,(char)ch);
+      Sensor * ss = Sensor::get(id);
+      if (!ss) ss = Sensor::create(id, 255,0); // impossible pin
+      ss->active = ch == 'S';
+      id = 0;
+    }
+    else  id = 0; // ignore any other garbage from LCN
+  }
+}
+
+void LCN::send(char opcode, int id, bool state) {
+   if (stream) {
+      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("%c/%d/%d"), opcode, id , state);
+      if (Diag::LCN) DIAG(F("LCN OUT %c/%d/%d"), opcode, id , state);
+   }
+}

LCN.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef LCN_h
+#define LCN_h
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+class LCN {
+  public: 
+    static void init(Stream & lcnstream);
+    static void loop();
+    static void send(char opcode, int id, bool state);
+  private :
+    static bool firstLoop; 
+    static Stream * stream; 
+    static int id;
+};
+
+#endif

LiquidCrystal_I2C.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  Based on the work by DFRobot, Frank de Brabander and Marco Schwartz.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation-EX.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h"
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+
+// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
+//
+// 1. Display clear
+// 2. Function set:
+//    DL = 1; 8-bit interface data
+//    N = 0; 1-line display
+//    F = 0; 5x8 dot character font
+// 3. Display on/off control:
+//    D = 0; Display off
+//    C = 0; Cursor off
+//    B = 0; Blinking off
+// 4. Entry mode set:
+//    I/D = 1; Increment by 1
+//    S = 0; No shift
+//
+// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
+// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
+// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
+
+LiquidCrystal_I2C::LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr, uint8_t lcd_cols,
+                                     uint8_t lcd_rows) {
+  _Addr = lcd_Addr;
+  _cols = lcd_cols;
+  _rows = lcd_rows;
+  _backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
+}
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init() { init_priv(); }
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_priv() {
+  I2CManager.begin();
+  I2CManager.setClock(100000L);    // PCF8574 is spec'd to 100kHz.
+
+  _displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
+  begin(_cols, _rows);
+}
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines) {
+  if (lines > 1) {
+    _displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
+  }
+  _numlines = lines;
+  (void)cols; // Suppress compiler warning.
+
+  // according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
+  // before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way befer 4.5V so we'll allow
+  // 100 milliseconds after pulling both RS and R/W and backlight pin low
+  expanderWrite(
+      _backlightval);  // reset expander and turn backlight off (Bit 8 =1)
+  delay(100);
+
+  // put the LCD into 4 bit mode
+  // this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
+  // figure 24, pg 46
+
+  // we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
+  write4bits(0x03 << 4);
+  delayMicroseconds(4500);  // wait min 4.1ms
+
+  // second try
+  write4bits(0x03 << 4);
+  delayMicroseconds(4500);  // wait min 4.1ms
+
+  // third go!
+  write4bits(0x03 << 4);
+  delayMicroseconds(150);
+
+  // finally, set to 4-bit interface
+  write4bits(0x02 << 4);
+
+  // set # lines, font size, etc.
+  command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
+
+  // turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
+  _displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
+  display();
+
+  // clear it off
+  clear();
+
+  // Initialize to default text direction (for roman languages)
+  _displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
+
+  // set the entry mode
+  command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
+
+  setCursor(0, 0);
+}
+
+/********** high level commands, for the user! */
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear() {
+  command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);  // clear display, set cursor position to zero
+  delayMicroseconds(2000);    // this command takes 1.52ms
+}
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row) {
+  int row_offsets[] = {0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54};
+  if (row > _numlines) {
+    row = _numlines - 1;  // we count rows starting w/0
+  }
+  command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row]));
+}
+
+// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noDisplay() {
+  _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
+  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
+}
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::display() {
+  _displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
+  command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
+}
+
+// Turn the (optional) backlight off/on
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBacklight(void) {
+  _backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;
+  expanderWrite(0);
+}
+
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::backlight(void) {
+  _backlightval = LCD_BACKLIGHT;
+  expanderWrite(0);
+}
+
+size_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) {
+  send(value, Rs);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
+
+inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::command(uint8_t value) { 
+  send(value, 0); 
+}
+
+/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
+
+/* According to the NXP Datasheet for the PCF8574 section 8.2:
+ *   "The master (microcontroller) sends the START condition and slave address
+ *    setting the last bit of the address byte to logic 0 for the write mode.
+ *    The PCF8574/74A acknowledges and the master then sends the data byte for
+ *    P7 to P0 to the port register. As the clock line goes HIGH, the 8-bit
+ *    data is presented on the port lines after it has been acknowledged by the
+ *    PCF8574/74A. [...] The master can then send a STOP or ReSTART condition
+ *    or continue sending data. The number of data bytes that can be sent 
+ *    successively is not limited and the previous data is overwritten every
+ *    time a data byte has been sent and acknowledged."
+ * 
+ * This driver takes advantage of this by sending multiple data bytes in succession
+ * within a single I2C transmission.  With a fast clock rate of 400kHz, the time
+ * between successive updates of the PCF8574 outputs will be at least 2.5us.  With
+ * the default clock rate of 100kHz the time between updates will be at least 10us.
+ * 
+ * The LCD controller HD44780, according to its datasheet, needs nominally 37us
+ * (up to 50us) to execute a command (i.e. write to gdram, reposition, etc.). Each
+ * command is sent in a separate I2C transmission here.  The time taken to end a 
+ * transmission and start another one is a stop bit, a start bit, 8 address bits,
+ * an ack, 8 data bits and another ack; this is at least 20 bits, i.e. >50us
+ * at 400kHz and >200us at 100kHz. Therefore, we don't need additional delay.
+ * 
+ * Similarly, the Enable must be set/reset for at least 450ns.  This is 
+ * well within the I2C clock cycle time of 2.5us at 400kHz.  Data is clocked in
+ * to the HD44780 on the trailing edge of the Enable pin, so we set the Enable
+ * as we present the data, then in the next byte we reset Enable without changing
+ * the data.
+ */
+
+// write either command or data (8 bits) to the HD44780 LCD controller as
+//  a single I2C transmission. 
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {
+  mode |= _backlightval;
+  uint8_t highnib = (value & 0xf0) | mode;
+  uint8_t lownib = ((value << 4) & 0xf0) | mode;
+  // Send both nibbles
+  byte buffer[] = {(byte)(highnib|En), highnib, (byte)(lownib|En), lownib};
+  I2CManager.write(_Addr, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+}
+
+// write 4 bits to the HD44780 LCD controller.
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
+  uint8_t _data = value | _backlightval;
+  // Enable must be set/reset for at least 450ns.  This is well within the
+  // I2C clock cycle time of 2.5us at 400kHz. Data is clocked in to the
+  // HD44780 on the trailing edge of the Enable pin.
+  byte buffer[] = {(byte)(_data|En), _data};
+  I2CManager.write(_Addr, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+}
+
+// write a byte to the PCF8574 I2C interface.  We don't need to set
+// the enable pin for this.
+void LiquidCrystal_I2C::expanderWrite(uint8_t value) {
+  I2CManager.write(_Addr, 1, value | _backlightval);
+}

LiquidCrystal_I2C.h

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  Based on the work by DFRobot, Frank de Brabander and Marco Schwartz.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
+#define LiquidCrystal_I2C_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+// commands
+#define LCD_CLEARDISPLAY 0x01
+#define LCD_RETURNHOME 0x02
+#define LCD_ENTRYMODESET 0x04
+#define LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL 0x08
+#define LCD_CURSORSHIFT 0x10
+#define LCD_FUNCTIONSET 0x20
+#define LCD_SETCGRAMADDR 0x40
+#define LCD_SETDDRAMADDR 0x80
+
+// flags for display entry mode
+#define LCD_ENTRYRIGHT 0x00
+#define LCD_ENTRYLEFT 0x02
+#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT 0x01
+#define LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT 0x00
+
+// flags for display on/off control
+#define LCD_DISPLAYON 0x04
+#define LCD_DISPLAYOFF 0x00
+#define LCD_CURSORON 0x02
+#define LCD_CURSOROFF 0x00
+#define LCD_BLINKON 0x01
+#define LCD_BLINKOFF 0x00
+
+// flags for display/cursor shift
+#define LCD_DISPLAYMOVE 0x08
+#define LCD_CURSORMOVE 0x00
+#define LCD_MOVERIGHT 0x04
+#define LCD_MOVELEFT 0x00
+
+// flags for function set
+#define LCD_8BITMODE 0x10
+#define LCD_4BITMODE 0x00
+#define LCD_2LINE 0x08
+#define LCD_1LINE 0x00
+#define LCD_5x10DOTS 0x04
+#define LCD_5x8DOTS 0x00
+
+// flags for backlight control
+#define LCD_BACKLIGHT 0x08
+#define LCD_NOBACKLIGHT 0x00
+
+#define En 0b00000100  // Enable bit
+#define Rw 0b00000010  // Read/Write bit
+#define Rs 0b00000001  // Register select bit
+
+class LiquidCrystal_I2C : public Print {
+public:
+  LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t lcd_rows);
+  void begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows);
+  void clear();
+  void noDisplay();
+  void display();
+  void noBacklight();
+  void backlight();
+  
+  void setCursor(uint8_t, uint8_t); 
+  virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
+  void command(uint8_t);
+  void init();
+
+private:
+  void init_priv();
+  void send(uint8_t, uint8_t);
+  void write4bits(uint8_t);
+  void expanderWrite(uint8_t);
+  uint8_t _Addr;
+  uint8_t _displayfunction;
+  uint8_t _displaycontrol;
+  uint8_t _displaymode;
+  uint8_t _numlines;
+  uint8_t _cols;
+  uint8_t _rows;
+  uint8_t _backlightval;
+};
+
+#endif

MemStream.cpp

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/*
-
- (c) 2015 Ingo Fischer
- buffer serial device
- based on Arduino SoftwareSerial
-
- Constructor warning messages fixed by Chris Harlow.
-
-This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
-License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
-version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
-
-*/
-
-#include "MemStream.h"
-
-MemStream::MemStream(uint8_t *buffer, const uint16_t len, uint16_t content_len, bool allowWrite)
-:_buffer(buffer),_len(len), _buffer_overflow(false),  _pos_read(0), _allowWrite(allowWrite)
-{
-  if (content_len==0) memset(_buffer, 0, _len);
-  _pos_write=(content_len>len)? len: content_len;
-}
-
-size_t MemStream::write(uint8_t byte) {
-  if (! _allowWrite) return -1;
-  if (_pos_write >= _len) {
-    _buffer_overflow = true;
-    return 0;
-  }
-  _buffer[_pos_write] = byte;
-  ++_pos_write;
-  return 1;
-}
-
-void MemStream::flush() {
-  memset(_buffer, 0, _len);
-  _pos_write = 0;
-  _pos_read = 0;
-}
-
-int MemStream::read() {
-  if (_pos_read >= _len) {
-    _buffer_overflow = true;
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if (_pos_read >= _pos_write) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  return _buffer[_pos_read++];
-}
-
-int MemStream::peek() {
-  if (_pos_read >= _len) {
-    _buffer_overflow = true;
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if (_pos_read >= _pos_write) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  return _buffer[_pos_read+1];
-}
-
-int MemStream::available() {
-  int ret=_pos_write-_pos_read;
-  if (ret<0) ret=0;
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void MemStream::setBufferContent(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t content_len) {
-  memset(_buffer, 0, _len);
-  memcpy(_buffer, buffer, content_len);
-  _buffer_overflow=false;
-  _pos_write=content_len;
-  _pos_read=0;
-}
-
-void MemStream::setBufferContentFromProgmem(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t content_len) {
-  memset(_buffer, 0, _len);
-  memcpy_P(_buffer, buffer, content_len);
-  _buffer_overflow=false;
-  _pos_write=content_len;
-  _pos_read=0;
-}
-
-void MemStream::setBufferContentPosition(uint16_t read_pos, uint16_t write_pos) {
-    _pos_write=write_pos;
-    _pos_read=read_pos;
-}

MemStream.h

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-/*
-
-  (c) 2015 Ingo FIscher
-  buffer serial device
-  based on Arduino SoftwareSerial
-
-This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
-License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
-version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
-License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
-Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
-
-*/
-
-#ifndef MemStream_h
-#define MemStream_h
-
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
-#include <Arduino.h>
-#else
-#include <Stream.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
-
-class MemStream : public Stream
-{
-private:
-  uint8_t *_buffer;
-  const uint16_t _len;
-  bool _buffer_overflow;
-  uint16_t _pos_read;
-  uint16_t _pos_write;
-  bool _allowWrite;
-
-public:
-  // public methods
-  MemStream(uint8_t *buffer, const uint16_t len, uint16_t content_len = 0, bool allowWrite = true);
-  ~MemStream() {}
-
-  operator const uint8_t *() const { return _buffer; }
-  operator const char *() const { return (const char *)_buffer; }
-
-  uint16_t current_length() const { return _pos_write; }
-
-  bool listen() { return true; }
-  void end() {}
-  bool isListening() { return true; }
-  bool overflow()
-  {
-    bool ret = _buffer_overflow;
-    _buffer_overflow = false;
-    return ret;
-  }
-  int peek();
-
-  virtual size_t write(uint8_t byte);
-  virtual int read();
-  virtual int available();
-  virtual void flush();
-
-  void setBufferContent(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t content_len);
-  void setBufferContentFromProgmem(uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t content_len);
-  void setBufferContentPosition(uint16_t read_pos, uint16_t write_pos);
-
-  using Print::write;
-};
-
-#endif

MotorDriver.cpp

@@ -18,50 +18,82 @@
  */
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include "MotorDriver.h"
-#include "AnalogReadFast.h"
+#include "DCCTimer.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
 
+#define setHIGH(fastpin)  *fastpin.inout |= fastpin.maskHIGH
+#define setLOW(fastpin)   *fastpin.inout &= fastpin.maskLOW
+#define isHIGH(fastpin)   (*fastpin.inout & fastpin.maskHIGH)
+#define isLOW(fastpin)    (!isHIGH(fastpin))
 
-
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMC) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
-    #define WritePin digitalWrite
-    #define ReadPin digitalRead
-#else
-    // use the DIO2 libraray for much faster pin access
-    #define GPIO2_PREFER_SPEED 1
-    #include <DIO2.h>  // use IDE menu Tools..Manage Libraries to locate and  install DIO2
-    #define WritePin digitalWrite2
-    #define ReadPin digitalRead2
-#endif
-    
+bool MotorDriver::usePWM=false;
+bool MotorDriver::commonFaultPin=false;
+       
 MotorDriver::MotorDriver(byte power_pin, byte signal_pin, byte signal_pin2, int8_t brake_pin,
                          byte current_pin, float sense_factor, unsigned int trip_milliamps, byte fault_pin) {
   powerPin=power_pin;
+  getFastPin(F("POWER"),powerPin,fastPowerPin);
+  pinMode(powerPin, OUTPUT);
+  
   signalPin=signal_pin;
+  getFastPin(F("SIG"),signalPin,fastSignalPin);
+  pinMode(signalPin, OUTPUT);
+  
   signalPin2=signal_pin2;
+  if (signalPin2!=UNUSED_PIN) {
+    dualSignal=true;
+    getFastPin(F("SIG2"),signalPin2,fastSignalPin2);
+    pinMode(signalPin2, OUTPUT);
+  }
+  else dualSignal=false; 
+  
   brakePin=brake_pin;
+  if (brake_pin!=UNUSED_PIN){
+    invertBrake=brake_pin < 0;
+    brakePin=invertBrake ? 0-brake_pin : brake_pin;
+    getFastPin(F("BRAKE"),brakePin,fastBrakePin);
+    pinMode(brakePin, OUTPUT);
+    setBrake(false);
+  }
+  else brakePin=UNUSED_PIN;
+  
   currentPin=current_pin;
-  senseFactor=sense_factor;
+  if (currentPin!=UNUSED_PIN) {
+    pinMode(currentPin, INPUT);
+    senseOffset=analogRead(currentPin); // value of sensor at zero current
+  }
+
   faultPin=fault_pin;
+  if (faultPin != UNUSED_PIN) {
+    getFastPin(F("FAULT"),faultPin, 1 /*input*/, fastFaultPin);
+    pinMode(faultPin, INPUT);
+  }
+
+  senseFactor=sense_factor;
   tripMilliamps=trip_milliamps;
   rawCurrentTripValue=(int)(trip_milliamps / sense_factor);
-  pinMode(powerPin, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(brakePin < 0 ? -brakePin : brakePin, OUTPUT);
-  setBrake(false);
-  pinMode(signalPin, OUTPUT);
-  if (signalPin2 != UNUSED_PIN) pinMode(signalPin2, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(currentPin, INPUT);
-  if (faultPin != UNUSED_PIN) pinMode(faultPin, INPUT);
+  
+  if (currentPin==UNUSED_PIN) 
+    DIAG(F("MotorDriver ** WARNING ** No current or short detection"));  
+  else  
+    DIAG(F("MotorDriver currentPin=A%d, senseOffset=%d, rawCurentTripValue(relative to offset)=%d"),
+    currentPin-A0, senseOffset,rawCurrentTripValue);
 }
 
+bool MotorDriver::isPWMCapable() {
+    return (!dualSignal) && DCCTimer::isPWMPin(signalPin); 
+}
+
+
 void MotorDriver::setPower(bool on) {
-  if (brakePin == -4 && on) {
+  if (on) {
     // toggle brake before turning power on - resets overcurrent error
     // on the Pololu board if brake is wired to ^D2.
     setBrake(true);
     setBrake(false);
+    setHIGH(fastPowerPin);
   }
-  WritePin(powerPin, on ? HIGH : LOW);
+  else setLOW(fastPowerPin);
 }
 
 // setBrake applies brake if on == true. So to get
@@ -73,30 +105,66 @@ void MotorDriver::setPower(bool on) {
 // compensate for that.
 //
 void MotorDriver::setBrake(bool on) {
-    bool state = on;
-    byte pin = brakePin;
-    if (brakePin < 0) {
-      pin=-pin;
-      state=!state;
-    }
-    WritePin(pin, state ? HIGH : LOW);
-    //DIAG(F("BrakePin: %d is %d\n"), pin, ReadPin(pin));
+  if (brakePin == UNUSED_PIN) return;
+  if (on ^ invertBrake) setHIGH(fastBrakePin);
+  else setLOW(fastBrakePin);
 }
 
 void MotorDriver::setSignal( bool high) {
-  WritePin(signalPin, high ? HIGH : LOW);
-  if (signalPin2 != UNUSED_PIN) WritePin(signalPin2, high ? LOW : HIGH);
+   if (usePWM) {
+    DCCTimer::setPWM(signalPin,high);
+   }
+   else {
+     if (high) {
+        setHIGH(fastSignalPin);
+        if (dualSignal) setLOW(fastSignalPin2);
+     }
+     else {
+        setLOW(fastSignalPin);
+        if (dualSignal) setHIGH(fastSignalPin2);
+     }
+   }
 }
 
+#if defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY32) || defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY35)|| defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY36)
+volatile unsigned int overflow_count=0;
+#endif
 
+bool MotorDriver::canMeasureCurrent() {
+  return currentPin!=UNUSED_PIN;
+}
+/*
+ * Return the current reading as pin reading 0 to 1023. If the fault
+ * pin is activated return a negative current to show active fault pin.
+ * As there is no -0, create a little and return -1 in that case.
+ * 
+ * senseOffset handles the case where a shield returns values above or below 
+ * a central value depending on direction.
+ */
 int MotorDriver::getCurrentRaw() {
-  if (faultPin != UNUSED_PIN && ReadPin(faultPin) == LOW && ReadPin(powerPin) == HIGH)
-      return (int)(32000/senseFactor);
-  
+  if (currentPin==UNUSED_PIN) return 0; 
+  int current;
+#if defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY40) || defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41)
+  bool irq = disableInterrupts();
+  current = analogRead(currentPin)-senseOffset;
+  enableInterrupts(irq);
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY32) || defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY35)|| defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY36)
+  unsigned char sreg_backup;
+  sreg_backup = SREG;   /* save interrupt enable/disable state */
+  cli();
+  current = analogRead(currentPin)-senseOffset;
+  overflow_count = 0;
+  SREG = sreg_backup;    /* restore interrupt state */
+#else
+  current = analogRead(currentPin)-senseOffset;
+#endif
+  if (current<0) current=0-current;
+  if ((faultPin != UNUSED_PIN)  && isLOW(fastFaultPin) && isHIGH(fastPowerPin))
+      return (current == 0 ? -1 : -current);
+  return current;
   // IMPORTANT:  This function can be called in Interrupt() time within the 56uS timer
   //             The default analogRead takes ~100uS which is catastrphic
-  //             so analogReadFast is used here. (-2uS) 
-  return analogReadFast(currentPin);
+  //             so DCCTimer has set the sample time to be much faster.  
 }
 
 unsigned int MotorDriver::raw2mA( int raw) {
@@ -105,3 +173,16 @@ unsigned int MotorDriver::raw2mA( int raw) {
 int MotorDriver::mA2raw( unsigned int mA) {
   return (int)(mA / senseFactor);
 }
+
+void  MotorDriver::getFastPin(const FSH* type,int pin, bool input, FASTPIN & result) {
+    // DIAG(F("MotorDriver %S Pin=%d,"),type,pin);
+    (void) type; // avoid compiler warning if diag not used above. 
+    uint8_t port = digitalPinToPort(pin);
+    if (input)
+      result.inout = portInputRegister(port);
+    else
+      result.inout = portOutputRegister(port);
+    result.maskHIGH = digitalPinToBitMask(pin);
+    result.maskLOW = ~result.maskHIGH;
+    // DIAG(F(" port=0x%x, inoutpin=0x%x, isinput=%d, mask=0x%x"),port, result.inout,input,result.maskHIGH);
+}

MotorDriver.h

@@ -18,15 +18,32 @@
  */
 #ifndef MotorDriver_h
 #define MotorDriver_h
+#include "FSH.h"
+
 // Virtualised Motor shield 1-track hardware Interface
 
 #ifndef UNUSED_PIN     // sync define with the one in MotorDrivers.h
 #define UNUSED_PIN 127 // inside int8_t
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__IMXRT1062__)
+struct FASTPIN {
+  volatile uint32_t *inout;
+  uint32_t maskHIGH;  
+  uint32_t maskLOW;  
+};
+#else
+struct FASTPIN {
+  volatile uint8_t *inout;
+  uint8_t maskHIGH;  
+  uint8_t maskLOW;  
+};
+#endif
+
 class MotorDriver {
   public:
-    MotorDriver(byte power_pin, byte signal_pin, byte signal_pin2, int8_t brake_pin, byte current_pin, float senseFactor, unsigned int tripMilliamps, byte faultPin);
+    MotorDriver(byte power_pin, byte signal_pin, byte signal_pin2, int8_t brake_pin, 
+                byte current_pin, float senseFactor, unsigned int tripMilliamps, byte faultPin);
     virtual void setPower( bool on);
     virtual void setSignal( bool high);
     virtual void setBrake( bool on);
@@ -34,14 +51,38 @@ class MotorDriver {
     virtual unsigned int raw2mA( int raw);
     virtual int mA2raw( unsigned int mA);
     inline int getRawCurrentTripValue() {
-	return rawCurrentTripValue;
+	    return rawCurrentTripValue;
+    }
+    bool isPWMCapable();
+    bool canMeasureCurrent();
+    static bool usePWM;
+    static bool commonFaultPin; // This is a stupid motor shield which has only a common fault pin for both outputs
+    inline byte getFaultPin() {
+	return faultPin;
     }
-
   private:
-    byte powerPin, signalPin, signalPin2, currentPin, faultPin;
-    int8_t brakePin;       // negative means pin is inverted
+    void  getFastPin(const FSH* type,int pin, bool input, FASTPIN & result);
+    void  getFastPin(const FSH* type,int pin, FASTPIN & result) {
+	getFastPin(type, pin, 0, result);
+    }
+    byte powerPin, signalPin, signalPin2, currentPin, faultPin, brakePin;
+    FASTPIN fastPowerPin,fastSignalPin, fastSignalPin2, fastBrakePin,fastFaultPin;
+    bool dualSignal;       // true to use signalPin2
+    bool invertBrake;       // brake pin passed as negative means pin is inverted
     float senseFactor;
+    int senseOffset;
     unsigned int tripMilliamps;
     int rawCurrentTripValue;
+#if defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY40) || defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41)
+    static bool disableInterrupts() {
+      uint32_t primask;
+      __asm__ volatile("mrs %0, primask\n" : "=r" (primask)::);
+      __disable_irq();
+      return (primask == 0) ? true : false;
+    }
+    static void enableInterrupts(bool doit) {
+      if (doit) __enable_irq();
+    }
+#endif
 };
 #endif

MotorDrivers.h

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef MotorDrivers_h
 #define MotorDrivers_h
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
 #include <Arduino.h>
-#endif
 
 // *** PLEASE NOTE *** THIS FILE IS  **NOT**  INTENDED TO BE EDITED WHEN CONFIGURING A SYSTEM.
 // It will be overwritten if the library is updated.
@@ -23,7 +21,7 @@
 // If the brakePin is negative that means the sense
 // of the brake pin on the motor bridge is inverted
 // (HIGH == release brake)
-
+//
 // Arduino standard Motor Shield
 #define STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD F("STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD"),                                                 \
                               new MotorDriver(3, 12, UNUSED_PIN, UNUSED_PIN, A0, 2.99, 2000, UNUSED_PIN), \
@@ -31,8 +29,8 @@
 
 // Pololu Motor Shield
 #define POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD F("POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD"),                                                 \
-                            new MotorDriver( 9, 7, UNUSED_PIN,         -4, A0, 18, 3000,         12), \
-                            new MotorDriver(10, 8, UNUSED_PIN, UNUSED_PIN, A1, 18, 3000, UNUSED_PIN)
+                            new MotorDriver( 9, 7, UNUSED_PIN,         -4, A0, 18, 3000, 12), \
+                            new MotorDriver(10, 8, UNUSED_PIN, UNUSED_PIN, A1, 18, 3000, 12)
 //
 // Actually, on the Pololu MC33926 shield the enable lines are tied together on pin 4 and the
 // pins 9 and 10 work as "inverted brake" but as we turn on and off the tracks individually
@@ -40,8 +38,8 @@
 // version of the code always will be high. That means this config is not usable for generating
 // a railcom cuotout in the future. For that one must wire the second ^D2 to pin 2 and define
 // the motor driver like this:
-//                          new MotorDriver(4, 7, UNUSED_PIN,  -9, A0, 18, 3000,         12)
-//                          new MotorDriver(2, 8, UNUSED_PIN, -10, A1, 18, 3000, UNUSED_PIN)
+//                          new MotorDriver(4, 7, UNUSED_PIN,  -9, A0, 18, 3000, 12)
+//                          new MotorDriver(2, 8, UNUSED_PIN, -10, A1, 18, 3000, 12)
 // See Pololu dial_mc33926_shield_schematic.pdf and truth table on page 17 of the MC33926 data sheet.
 
 // Firebox Mk1
@@ -59,4 +57,9 @@
                          new MotorDriver(10, 12, UNUSED_PIN, 9, A0, 2.99, 2000, UNUSED_PIN), \
                          new MotorDriver(11, 13, UNUSED_PIN, UNUSED_PIN, A1, 2.99, 2000, UNUSED_PIN)
 
+// IBT_2 Motor Board for Main and Arduino Motor Shield for Prog
+#define IBT_2_WITH_ARDUINO F("IBT_2_WITH_ARDUINO_SHIELD"),                                              \
+                         new MotorDriver(4, 5, 6, UNUSED_PIN, A5, 41.54, 5000, UNUSED_PIN), \
+                         new MotorDriver(11, 13, UNUSED_PIN, UNUSED_PIN, A1, 2.99, 2000, UNUSED_PIN)
+
 #endif

Outputs.cpp

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ the state of any outputs being monitored or controlled by a separate interface o
 // print all output states to stream
 void Output::printAll(Print *stream){
   for (Output *tt = Output::firstOutput; tt != NULL; tt = tt->nextOutput)
-    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d>"), tt->data.id, tt->data.oStatus);
+    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<Y %d %d>\n"), tt->data.id, tt->data.oStatus);
 } // Output::printAll
 
 void  Output::activate(int s){

PWMServoDriver.cpp

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
  *  BSD license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
  */
 #include <Arduino.h>
-#include <Wire.h>
 #include "PWMServoDriver.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
+#include "I2CManager.h"
 
 
 // REGISTER ADDRESSES
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ const byte MODE1_RESTART=0x80; /**< Restart enabled */
 const byte PCA9685_I2C_ADDRESS=0x40;      /** First PCA9685 I2C Slave Address */
 const float FREQUENCY_OSCILLATOR=25000000.0; /** Accurate enough for our purposes  */
 const uint8_t PRESCALE_50HZ = (uint8_t)(((FREQUENCY_OSCILLATOR / (50.0 * 4096.0)) + 0.5) - 1);
+const uint32_t MAX_I2C_SPEED = 1000000L; // PCA9685 rated up to 1MHz I2C clock speed
   
 /*!
  *  @brief  Sets the PWM frequency for a chip to 50Hz for servos
@@ -52,19 +53,20 @@ bool PWMServoDriver::setup(int board) {
   if (board>3 || (failFlags & (1<<board))) return false; 
   if (setupFlags & (1<<board)) return true; 
   
-  Wire.begin();
+  I2CManager.begin();
+  I2CManager.setClock(MAX_I2C_SPEED);
+  
   uint8_t i2caddr=PCA9685_I2C_ADDRESS + board;
 
-  // Terst if device is available
-  Wire.beginTransmission(i2caddr);
-  byte error = Wire.endTransmission();
-  if (error!=0) {
-    DIAG(F("\nI2C Servo device 0x%x Not Found %d\n"),i2caddr, error);
+  // Test if device is available
+  byte error = I2CManager.checkAddress(i2caddr);
+  if (error) {
+    DIAG(F("I2C Servo device 0x%x Not Found %d"),i2caddr, error);
     failFlags|=1<<board;  
     return false;
   }
     
-  //DIAG(F("\nPWMServoDriver::setup %x prescale=%d"),i2caddr,PRESCALE_50HZ); 
+  //DIAG(F("PWMServoDriver::setup %x prescale=%d"),i2caddr,PRESCALE_50HZ); 
   writeRegister(i2caddr,PCA9685_MODE1, MODE1_SLEEP | MODE1_AI);    
   writeRegister(i2caddr,PCA9685_PRESCALE, PRESCALE_50HZ);  
   writeRegister(i2caddr,PCA9685_MODE1,MODE1_AI);
@@ -81,22 +83,15 @@ void PWMServoDriver::setServo(byte servoNum, uint16_t value) {
   int pin=servoNum%16;
   
   if (setup(board)) {
-    DIAG(F("\nSetServo %d %d\n"),servoNum,value);  
-    Wire.beginTransmission(PCA9685_I2C_ADDRESS + board);
-    Wire.write(PCA9685_FIRST_SERVO + 4 * pin); // 4 registers per pin
-    Wire.write(0);
-    Wire.write(0);
-    Wire.write(value);
-    Wire.write(value >> 8);
-    byte error=Wire.endTransmission();
-    if (error!=0) DIAG(F("\nSetServo error %d\n"),error); 
+    DIAG(F("SetServo %d %d"),servoNum,value);  
+    uint8_t buffer[] = {(uint8_t)(PCA9685_FIRST_SERVO + 4 * pin), // 4 registers per pin
+      0, 0, (uint8_t)(value & 0xff), (uint8_t)(value >> 8)};
+    if (value == 4095) buffer[2] = 0x10;   // Full on
+    byte error=I2CManager.write(PCA9685_I2C_ADDRESS + board, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    if (error!=0) DIAG(F("SetServo error %d"),error); 
   }
 }
 
 void PWMServoDriver::writeRegister(uint8_t i2caddr,uint8_t hardwareRegister, uint8_t d) {
-  Wire.beginTransmission(i2caddr);
-  Wire.write(hardwareRegister);
-  Wire.write(d);
-  Wire.endTransmission();
-  delay(5); // allow registers to settle before continuing
+  I2CManager.write(i2caddr, 2, hardwareRegister, d);
 }

RingStream.cpp

@@ -75,9 +75,15 @@ void RingStream::mark(uint8_t b) {
     _count=0;
 }
 
+// peekTargetMark is used by the parser stash routines to know which client
+// to send a callback response to some time later. 
+uint8_t RingStream::peekTargetMark() {
+  return _buffer[_mark];
+}
+
 bool RingStream::commit() {
   if (_overflow) {
-        DIAG(F("\nRingStream(%d) commit(%d) OVERFLOW\n"),_len, _count);
+        DIAG(F("RingStream(%d) commit(%d) OVERFLOW"),_len, _count);
         // just throw it away 
         _pos_write=_mark;
         _overflow=false;

RingStream.h

@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ class RingStream : public Print {
     int freeSpace();
     void mark(uint8_t b);
     bool commit();
-
+    uint8_t peekTargetMark();
+    
  private:
    int _len;
    int _pos_write;

SSD1306Ascii.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/* Based on Arduino SSD1306Ascii Library, Copyright (C) 2015 by William Greiman
+ * Modifications (C) 2021 Neil McKechnie
+ *
+ * This Library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with the Arduino SSD1306Ascii Library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#include "SSD1306Ascii.h"
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+#include "FSH.h"
+
+
+// Maximum number of bytes we can send per transmission is 32.
+const uint8_t FLASH SSD1306AsciiWire::blankPixels[32] = 
+  {0x40,        // First byte specifies data mode
+  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};  
+
+//==============================================================================
+// SSD1306AsciiWire Method Definitions
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::clear() {
+  clear(0, displayWidth() - 1, 0, displayRows() - 1);
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::clear(uint8_t columnStart, uint8_t columnEnd, 
+                             uint8_t rowStart, uint8_t rowEnd) {
+  const int maxBytes = sizeof(blankPixels);  // max number of bytes sendable over Wire
+  // Ensure only rows on display will be cleared.
+  if (rowEnd >= displayRows()) rowEnd = displayRows() - 1;
+  for (uint8_t r = rowStart; r <= rowEnd; r++) {
+    setCursor(columnStart, r);   // Position at start of row to be erased
+    for (uint8_t c = columnStart; c <= columnEnd; c += maxBytes-1) {
+      uint8_t len = min((uint8_t)(columnEnd-c+1), maxBytes-1) + 1;
+      I2CManager.write_P(m_i2cAddr, blankPixels, len);  // Write up to 31 blank columns
+    }
+  }
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::begin(const DevType* dev, uint8_t i2cAddr) {
+  m_i2cAddr = i2cAddr;
+  m_col = 0;
+  m_row = 0;
+#ifdef __AVR__
+  const uint8_t* table = (const uint8_t*)pgm_read_word(&dev->initcmds);
+#else   // __AVR__
+  const uint8_t* table = dev->initcmds;
+#endif  // __AVR
+  uint8_t size = readFontByte(&dev->initSize);
+  m_displayWidth = readFontByte(&dev->lcdWidth);
+  m_displayHeight = readFontByte(&dev->lcdHeight);
+  m_colOffset = readFontByte(&dev->colOffset);
+  I2CManager.write_P(m_i2cAddr, table, size);
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::setContrast(uint8_t value) {
+  I2CManager.write(m_i2cAddr, 2, 
+    0x00,     // Set to command mode
+    SSD1306_SETCONTRAST, value);
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row) {
+  if (row < displayRows() && col < m_displayWidth) {
+    m_row = row;
+    m_col = col + m_colOffset;
+    I2CManager.write(m_i2cAddr, 4,
+      0x00,    // Set to command mode
+      SSD1306_SETLOWCOLUMN | (col & 0XF), 
+      SSD1306_SETHIGHCOLUMN | (col >> 4),
+      SSD1306_SETSTARTPAGE | m_row);
+  }
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+void SSD1306AsciiWire::setFont(const uint8_t* font) {
+  m_font = font;
+  m_fontFirstChar = readFontByte(m_font + FONT_FIRST_CHAR);
+  m_fontCharCount = readFontByte(m_font + FONT_CHAR_COUNT);
+}
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+size_t SSD1306AsciiWire::write(uint8_t ch) {
+  const uint8_t* base = m_font + FONT_WIDTH_TABLE;
+
+  if (ch < m_fontFirstChar || ch >= (m_fontFirstChar + m_fontCharCount))
+    return 0;
+  ch -= m_fontFirstChar;
+  base += fontWidth * ch;
+  uint8_t buffer[1+fontWidth+letterSpacing];
+  buffer[0] = 0x40;     // set SSD1306 controller to data mode
+  uint8_t bufferPos = 1;
+  // Copy character pixel columns
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < fontWidth; i++) 
+    buffer[bufferPos++] = readFontByte(base++);
+  // Add blank pixels between letters
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < letterSpacing; i++) 
+    buffer[bufferPos++] = 0;
+  // Write the data to I2C display
+  I2CManager.write(m_i2cAddr, buffer, bufferPos);
+  return 1;
+}

SSD1306Ascii.h

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/* Based on Arduino SSD1306Ascii Library, Copyright (C) 2015 by William Greiman
+ * Modifications (C) 2021 Neil McKechnie
+ *
+ * This Library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this software.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SSD1306Ascii_h
+#define SSD1306Ascii_h
+
+#include "Arduino.h"
+#include "SSD1306font.h"
+#include "SSD1306init.h"
+
+class SSD1306AsciiWire : public Print {
+ public:
+  using Print::write;
+  SSD1306AsciiWire() {}
+  // Initialize the display controller.
+  void begin(const DevType* dev, uint8_t i2cAddr);
+  // Clear the display and set the cursor to (0, 0).
+  void clear();
+  // Clear a region of the display.
+  void clear(uint8_t c0, uint8_t c1, uint8_t r0, uint8_t r1);
+  // The current column in pixels.
+  inline uint8_t col() const { return m_col; }
+  // The display hight in pixels.
+  inline uint8_t displayHeight() const { return m_displayHeight; }
+  // The display height in rows with eight pixels to a row.
+  inline uint8_t displayRows() const { return m_displayHeight / 8; }
+  // The display width in pixels.
+  inline uint8_t displayWidth() const { return m_displayWidth; }
+  // Set the cursor position to (0, 0).
+  inline void home() { setCursor(0, 0); }
+  // Initialize the display controller.
+  void init(const DevType* dev);
+  // the current row number with eight pixels to a row.
+  inline uint8_t row() const { return m_row; }
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the display contrast.
+   *
+   * @param[in] value The contrast level in th range 0 to 255.
+   */
+  void setContrast(uint8_t value);
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the cursor position.
+   *
+   * @param[in] col The column number in pixels.
+   * @param[in] row the row number in eight pixel rows.
+   */
+  void setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row);
+  /**
+   * @brief Set the current font.
+   *
+   * @param[in] font Pointer to a font table.
+   */
+  void setFont(const uint8_t* font);
+  /**
+   * @brief Display a character.
+   *
+   * @param[in] c The character to display.
+   * @return one for success else zero.
+   */
+  size_t write(uint8_t c);
+
+ private:
+  uint8_t m_col;                    // Cursor column.
+  uint8_t m_row;                    // Cursor RAM row.
+  uint8_t m_displayWidth;           // Display width.
+  uint8_t m_displayHeight;          // Display height.
+  uint8_t m_colOffset;              // Column offset RAM to SEG.
+  const uint8_t* m_font = NULL;     // Current font.
+
+  // Only fixed size 5x7 fonts in a 6x8 cell are supported.
+  const uint8_t fontWidth = 5;
+  const uint8_t fontHeight = 7;
+  const uint8_t letterSpacing = 1;
+  uint8_t m_fontFirstChar;
+  uint8_t m_fontCharCount;
+
+  uint8_t m_i2cAddr;
+
+  static const uint8_t blankPixels[];
+};
+
+#endif  // SSD1306Ascii_h

SSD1306font.h

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * System5x7
+ *
+ *
+ * File Name           : System5x7.h
+ * Date                : 28 Oct 2008
+ * Font size in bytes  : 470
+ * Font width          : 5
+ * Font height         : 7
+ * Font first char     : 32
+ * Font last char      : 127
+ * Font used chars     : 94
+ *
+ * The font data are defined as
+ *
+ * struct _FONT_ {
+ *     uint16_t   font_Size_in_Bytes_over_all_included_Size_it_self;
+ *     uint8_t    font_Width_in_Pixel_for_fixed_drawing;
+ *     uint8_t    font_Height_in_Pixel_for_all_characters;
+ *     unit8_t    font_First_Char;
+ *     uint8_t    font_Char_Count;
+ *
+ *     uint8_t    font_Char_Widths[font_Last_Char - font_First_Char +1];
+ *                  // for each character the separate width in pixels,
+ *                  // characters < 128 have an implicit virtual right empty row
+ *
+ *     uint8_t    font_data[];
+ *                  // bit field of all characters
+ */
+
+#ifndef SSD1306font_H
+#define SSD1306font_H
+
+#define SYSTEM5x7_WIDTH 5
+#define SYSTEM5x7_HEIGHT 7
+
+#ifdef __AVR__
+#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
+/** declare a font for AVR. */
+#define GLCDFONTDECL(_n) static const uint8_t __attribute__((progmem)) _n[]
+#define readFontByte(addr) pgm_read_byte(addr)
+#else  // __AVR__
+/** declare a font. */
+#define GLCDFONTDECL(_n) static const uint8_t _n[]
+/** Fake read from flash. */
+#define readFontByte(addr) (*(const unsigned char *)(addr))
+#endif  // __AVR__
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Font Indices
+/** No longer used Big Endian length field. Now indicates font type.
+ *
+ * 00 00 (fixed width font with 1 padding pixel on right and below)
+ *
+ * 00 01 (fixed width font with no padding pixels)
+ */
+#define FONT_LENGTH 0
+/** Maximum character width. */
+#define FONT_WIDTH 2
+/** Font hight in pixels */
+#define FONT_HEIGHT 3
+/** Ascii value of first character */
+#define FONT_FIRST_CHAR 4
+/** count of characters in font. */
+#define FONT_CHAR_COUNT 5
+/** Offset to width table. */
+#define FONT_WIDTH_TABLE 6
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+GLCDFONTDECL(System5x7) = {
+    0x0, 0x0,  // size of zero indicates fixed width font,
+    0x05,      // width
+    0x07,      // height
+    0x20,      // first char
+    0x61,      // char count
+
+    // Fixed width; char width table not used !!!!
+
+    // font data
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  // (space)
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x5F, 0x00, 0x00,  // !
+    0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,  // "
+    0x14, 0x7F, 0x14, 0x7F, 0x14,  // #
+    0x24, 0x2A, 0x7F, 0x2A, 0x12,  // $
+    0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62,  // %
+    0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,  // &
+    0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,  // '
+    0x00, 0x1C, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,  // (
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00,  // )
+    0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08,  // *
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,  // +
+    0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00,  // ,
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,  // -
+    0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,  // .
+    0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,  // /
+    0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,  // 0
+    0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,  // 1
+    0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,  // 2
+    0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,  // 3
+    0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,  // 4
+    0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,  // 5
+    0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,  // 6
+    0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,  // 7
+    0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,  // 8
+    0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,  // 9
+    0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,  // :
+    0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,  // ;
+    0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,  // <
+    0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,  // =
+    0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x00,  // >
+    0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,  // ?
+    0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3E,  // @
+    0x7E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7E,  // A
+    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,  // B
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,  // C
+    0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,  // D
+    0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,  // E
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01, 0x01,  // F
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x51, 0x32,  // G
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,  // H
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,  // I
+    0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,  // J
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,  // K
+    0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,  // L
+    0x7F, 0x02, 0x04, 0x02, 0x7F,  // M
+    0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,  // N
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,  // O
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,  // P
+    0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,  // Q
+    0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,  // R
+    0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,  // S
+    0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,  // T
+    0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,  // U
+    0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,  // V
+    0x7F, 0x20, 0x18, 0x20, 0x7F,  // W
+    0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,  // X
+    0x03, 0x04, 0x78, 0x04, 0x03,  // Y
+    0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,  // Z
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41,  // [
+    0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20,  // "\"
+    0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,  // ]
+    0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,  // ^
+    0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,  // _
+    0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,  // `
+    0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,  // a
+    0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,  // b
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,  // c
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,  // d
+    0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,  // e
+    0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,  // f
+    0x08, 0x14, 0x54, 0x54, 0x3C,  // g
+    0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,  // h
+    0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,  // i
+    0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3D, 0x00,  // j
+    0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,  // k
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,  // l
+    0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,  // m
+    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,  // n
+    0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,  // o
+    0x7C, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08,  // p
+    0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7C,  // q
+    0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,  // r
+    0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,  // s
+    0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,  // t
+    0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,  // u
+    0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,  // v
+    0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,  // w
+    0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,  // x
+    0x0C, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3C,  // y
+    0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,  // z
+    0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00,  // {
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00,  // |
+    0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00,  // }
+    0x08, 0x08, 0x2A, 0x1C, 0x08,  // ->
+    0x08, 0x1C, 0x2A, 0x08, 0x08,  // <-
+    0x00, 0x06, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06   // degree symbol
+
+};
+
+#endif

SSD1306init.h

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/* Based on Arduino SSD1306Ascii Library, Copyright (C) 2015 by William Greiman
+ * Modifications (C) 2021 Neil McKechnie
+ *
+ * This Library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with the Arduino SSD1306Ascii Library.  If not, see
+ * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+/**
+ * @file SSD1306init.h
+ * @brief Display controller initialization commands.
+ */
+#ifndef SSD1306init_h
+#define SSD1306init_h
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#ifndef __AVR__
+/** Handle AVR flash addressing. */
+#define MEM_TYPE
+#else  // __AVR__
+#define MEM_TYPE __attribute__ ((progmem))
+#endif  // __AVR__
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Set Lower Column Start Address for Page Addressing Mode. */
+#define SSD1306_SETLOWCOLUMN 0x00
+/** Set Higher Column Start Address for Page Addressing Mode. */
+#define SSD1306_SETHIGHCOLUMN 0x10
+/** Set Memory Addressing Mode. */
+#define SSD1306_MEMORYMODE 0x20
+/** Set display RAM display start line register from 0 - 63. */
+#define SSD1306_SETSTARTLINE 0x40
+/** Set Display Contrast to one of 256 steps. */
+#define SSD1306_SETCONTRAST 0x81
+/** Enable or disable charge pump.  Follow with 0X14 enable, 0X10 disable. */
+#define SSD1306_CHARGEPUMP 0x8D
+/** Set Segment Re-map between data column and the segment driver. */
+#define SSD1306_SEGREMAP 0xA0
+/** Resume display from GRAM content. */
+#define SSD1306_DISPLAYALLON_RESUME 0xA4
+/** Force display on regardless of GRAM content. */
+#define SSD1306_DISPLAYALLON 0xA5
+/** Set Normal Display. */
+#define SSD1306_NORMALDISPLAY 0xA6
+/** Set Inverse Display. */
+#define SSD1306_INVERTDISPLAY 0xA7
+/** Set Multiplex Ratio from 16 to 63. */
+#define SSD1306_SETMULTIPLEX 0xA8
+/** Set Display off. */
+#define SSD1306_DISPLAYOFF 0xAE
+/** Set Display on. */
+#define SSD1306_DISPLAYON 0xAF
+/**Set GDDRAM Page Start Address. */
+#define SSD1306_SETSTARTPAGE 0XB0
+/** Set COM output scan direction normal. */
+#define SSD1306_COMSCANINC 0xC0
+/** Set COM output scan direction reversed. */
+#define SSD1306_COMSCANDEC 0xC8
+/** Set Display Offset. */
+#define SSD1306_SETDISPLAYOFFSET 0xD3
+/** Sets COM signals pin configuration to match the OLED panel layout. */
+#define SSD1306_SETCOMPINS 0xDA
+/** This command adjusts the VCOMH regulator output. */
+#define SSD1306_SETVCOMDETECT 0xDB
+/** Set Display Clock Divide Ratio/ Oscillator Frequency. */
+#define SSD1306_SETDISPLAYCLOCKDIV 0xD5
+/** Set Pre-charge Period */
+#define SSD1306_SETPRECHARGE 0xD9
+/** Deactivate scroll */
+#define SSD1306_DEACTIVATE_SCROLL 0x2E
+/** No Operation Command. */
+#define SSD1306_NOP 0XE3
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/** Set Pump voltage value: (30H~33H) 6.4, 7.4, 8.0 (POR), 9.0. */
+#define SH1106_SET_PUMP_VOLTAGE 0X30
+/** First byte of set charge pump mode */
+#define SH1106_SET_PUMP_MODE 0XAD
+/** Second byte charge pump on. */
+#define SH1106_PUMP_ON 0X8B
+/** Second byte charge pump off. */
+#define SH1106_PUMP_OFF 0X8A
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/**
+ * @struct DevType
+ * @brief Device initialization structure.
+ */
+struct DevType {
+  /**
+   * Pointer to initialization command bytes.
+   */
+  const uint8_t* initcmds;
+  /**
+   * Number of initialization bytes.
+   */
+  const uint8_t initSize;
+  /**
+   * Width of the diaplay in pixels.
+   */
+  const uint8_t lcdWidth;
+  /**
+   * Height of the display in pixels.
+   */
+  const uint8_t lcdHeight;
+  /**
+   * Column offset RAM to display.  Used to pick start column of SH1106.
+   */
+  const uint8_t colOffset;
+};
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// this section is based on https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306
+/** Initialization commands for a 128x32 SSD1306 oled display. */
+static const uint8_t MEM_TYPE Adafruit128x32init[] = {
+    // Init sequence for Adafruit 128x32 OLED module
+    0x00,                              // Set to command mode
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYOFF,
+    SSD1306_SETDISPLAYCLOCKDIV, 0x80,  // the suggested ratio 0x80
+    SSD1306_SETMULTIPLEX, 0x1F,        // ratio 32
+    SSD1306_SETDISPLAYOFFSET, 0x0,     // no offset
+    SSD1306_SETSTARTLINE | 0x0,        // line #0
+    SSD1306_CHARGEPUMP, 0x14,          // internal vcc
+    SSD1306_MEMORYMODE, 0x02,          // page mode
+    SSD1306_SEGREMAP | 0x1,            // column 127 mapped to SEG0
+    SSD1306_COMSCANDEC,                // column scan direction reversed
+    SSD1306_SETCOMPINS, 0x02,          // sequential COM pins, disable remap
+    SSD1306_SETCONTRAST, 0x7F,         // contrast level 127
+    SSD1306_SETPRECHARGE, 0xF1,        // pre-charge period (1, 15)
+    SSD1306_SETVCOMDETECT, 0x40,       // vcomh regulator level
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYALLON_RESUME,
+    SSD1306_NORMALDISPLAY,
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYON
+};
+/** Initialize a 128x32 SSD1306 oled display. */
+static const DevType MEM_TYPE Adafruit128x32 = {
+  Adafruit128x32init,
+  sizeof(Adafruit128x32init),
+  128,
+  32,
+  0
+};
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This section is based on https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306
+/** Initialization commands for a 128x64 SSD1306 oled display. */
+static const uint8_t MEM_TYPE Adafruit128x64init[] = {
+    // Init sequence for Adafruit 128x64 OLED module
+    0x00,                              // Set to command mode
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYOFF,
+    SSD1306_SETDISPLAYCLOCKDIV, 0x80,  // the suggested ratio 0x80
+    SSD1306_SETMULTIPLEX, 0x3F,        // ratio 64
+    SSD1306_SETDISPLAYOFFSET, 0x0,     // no offset
+    SSD1306_SETSTARTLINE | 0x0,        // line #0
+    SSD1306_CHARGEPUMP, 0x14,          // internal vcc
+    SSD1306_MEMORYMODE, 0x02,          // page mode
+    SSD1306_SEGREMAP | 0x1,            // column 127 mapped to SEG0
+    SSD1306_COMSCANDEC,                // column scan direction reversed
+    SSD1306_SETCOMPINS, 0x12,          // alt COM pins, disable remap
+    SSD1306_SETCONTRAST, 0x7F,         // contrast level 127
+    SSD1306_SETPRECHARGE, 0xF1,        // pre-charge period (1, 15)
+    SSD1306_SETVCOMDETECT, 0x40,       // vcomh regulator level
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYALLON_RESUME,
+    SSD1306_NORMALDISPLAY,
+    SSD1306_DISPLAYON
+};
+/** Initialize a 128x64 oled display. */
+static const DevType MEM_TYPE Adafruit128x64 = {
+  Adafruit128x64init,
+  sizeof(Adafruit128x64init),
+  128,
+  64,
+  0
+};
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This section is based on https://github.com/stanleyhuangyc/MultiLCD
+/** Initialization commands for a 128x64 SH1106 oled display. */
+static const uint8_t MEM_TYPE SH1106_128x64init[] = {
+  0x00,                                  // Set to command mode
+  SSD1306_DISPLAYOFF,
+  SSD1306_SETSTARTPAGE | 0X0,            // set page address
+  SSD1306_SETCONTRAST, 0x80,             // 128
+  SSD1306_SEGREMAP | 0X1,                // set segment remap
+  SSD1306_NORMALDISPLAY,                 // normal / reverse
+  SSD1306_SETMULTIPLEX, 0x3F,            // ratio 64
+  SH1106_SET_PUMP_MODE, SH1106_PUMP_ON,  // set charge pump enable
+  SH1106_SET_PUMP_VOLTAGE | 0X2,         // 8.0 volts
+  SSD1306_COMSCANDEC,                    // Com scan direction
+  SSD1306_SETDISPLAYOFFSET, 0X00,        // set display offset
+  SSD1306_SETDISPLAYCLOCKDIV, 0X80,      // set osc division
+  SSD1306_SETPRECHARGE, 0X1F,            // set pre-charge period
+  SSD1306_SETCOMPINS, 0X12,              // set COM pins
+  SSD1306_SETVCOMDETECT,  0x40,          // set vcomh
+  SSD1306_DISPLAYON
+};
+/** Initialize a 128x64 oled SH1106 display. */
+static const DevType MEM_TYPE SH1106_128x64 =  {
+  SH1106_128x64init,
+  sizeof(SH1106_128x64init),
+  128,
+  64,
+  2    // SH1106 is a 132x64 controller.  Use middle 128 columns.
+};
+#endif  // SSD1306init_h

Sensors.cpp

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void Sensor::checkAll(Print *stream){
     // make the change
     readingSensor->active = !sensorstate;
     readingSensor->latchdelay=0; // reset 
-    if (stream != NULL) StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<%c %d>"), readingSensor->active ? 'Q' : 'q', readingSensor->data.snum);
+    if (stream != NULL) StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<%c %d>\n"), readingSensor->active ? 'Q' : 'q', readingSensor->data.snum);
   }
 
   readingSensor=readingSensor->nextSensor;
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ void Sensor::printAll(Print *stream){
 
   for(Sensor * tt=firstSensor;tt!=NULL;tt=tt->nextSensor){
     if (stream != NULL)
-      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<%c %d>"), tt->active ? 'Q' : 'q', tt->data.snum);
+      StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<%c %d>\n"), tt->active ? 'Q' : 'q', tt->data.snum);
   } // loop over all sensors
 } // Sensor::printAll
 

StringFormatter.cpp

@@ -22,13 +22,9 @@
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD)
    // Some processors use a gcc compiler that renames va_list!!!
   #include <cstdarg>
-  Print * StringFormatter::diagSerial= &SerialUSB;
-  
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_AVR)
-  Print * StringFormatter::diagSerial= &Serial;
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
+  Print * StringFormatter::diagSerial= &SerialUSB; 
+#else
   Print * StringFormatter::diagSerial=&Serial;
-  #define __FlashStringHelper char
 #endif
 
 #include "LCDDisplay.h"
@@ -38,23 +34,26 @@ bool Diag::CMD=false;
 bool Diag::WIFI=false;
 bool Diag::WITHROTTLE=false;
 bool Diag::ETHERNET=false;
+bool Diag::LCN=false;
 
  
-void StringFormatter::diag( const __FlashStringHelper* input...) {
-  if (!diagSerial) return;    
+void StringFormatter::diag( const FSH* input...) {
+  if (!diagSerial) return; 
+  diagSerial->print(F("<* "));   
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, input);
   send2(diagSerial,input,args);
+  diagSerial->print(F(" *>\n"));
 }
 
-void StringFormatter::lcd(byte row, const __FlashStringHelper* input...) {
+void StringFormatter::lcd(byte row, const FSH* input...) {
   va_list args;
 
   // Issue the LCD as a diag first
-  diag(F("\nLCD%d:"),row);
+  send(diagSerial,F("<* LCD%d:"),row);
   va_start(args, input);
   send2(diagSerial,input,args);
-  diag(F("\n"));
+  send(diagSerial,F(" *>\n"));
   
   if (!LCDDisplay::lcdDisplay) return;
   LCDDisplay::lcdDisplay->setRow(row);    
@@ -62,25 +61,25 @@ void StringFormatter::lcd(byte row, const __FlashStringHelper* input...) {
   send2(LCDDisplay::lcdDisplay,input,args);
 }
 
-void StringFormatter::send(Print * stream, const __FlashStringHelper* input...) {
+void StringFormatter::send(Print * stream, const FSH* input...) {
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, input);
   send2(stream,input,args);
 }
 
-void StringFormatter::send(Print & stream, const __FlashStringHelper* input...) {
+void StringFormatter::send(Print & stream, const FSH* input...) {
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, input);
   send2(&stream,input,args);
 }
 
-void StringFormatter::send2(Print * stream,const __FlashStringHelper* format, va_list args) {
+void StringFormatter::send2(Print * stream,const FSH* format, va_list args) {
     
   // thanks to Jan Turoň  https://arduino.stackexchange.com/questions/56517/formatting-strings-in-arduino-for-output
 
   char* flash=(char*)format;
   for(int i=0; ; ++i) {
-    char c=pgm_read_byte_near(flash+i);
+    char c=GETFLASH(flash+i);
     if (c=='\0') return;
     if(c!='%') { stream->print(c); continue; }
 
@@ -91,14 +90,14 @@ void StringFormatter::send2(Print * stream,const __FlashStringHelper* format, va
     
     formatContinues=false;
     i++;
-    c=pgm_read_byte_near(flash+i);
+    c=GETFLASH(flash+i);
     switch(c) {
       case '%': stream->print('%'); break;
       case 'c': stream->print((char) va_arg(args, int)); break;
       case 's': stream->print(va_arg(args, char*)); break;
       case 'e': printEscapes(stream,va_arg(args, char*)); break;
-      case 'E': printEscapes(stream,(const __FlashStringHelper*)va_arg(args, char*)); break;
-      case 'S': stream->print((const __FlashStringHelper*)va_arg(args, char*)); break;
+      case 'E': printEscapes(stream,(const FSH*)va_arg(args, char*)); break;
+      case 'S': stream->print((const FSH*)va_arg(args, char*)); break;
       case 'd': printPadded(stream,va_arg(args, int), formatWidth, formatLeft); break;
       case 'l': printPadded(stream,va_arg(args, long), formatWidth, formatLeft); break;
       case 'b': stream->print(va_arg(args, int), BIN); break;
@@ -138,12 +137,12 @@ void StringFormatter::printEscapes(Print * stream,char * input) {
  }
 }
 
-void StringFormatter::printEscapes(Print * stream, const __FlashStringHelper * input) {
+void StringFormatter::printEscapes(Print * stream, const FSH * input) {
  
  if (!stream) return;
  char* flash=(char*)input;
  for(int i=0; ; ++i) {
-  char c=pgm_read_byte_near(flash+i);
+  char c=GETFLASH(flash+i);
   printEscape(stream,c);
   if (c=='\0') return;
  }

StringFormatter.h

@@ -19,12 +19,10 @@
 #ifndef StringFormatter_h
 #define StringFormatter_h
 #include <Arduino.h>
-
+#include "FSH.h"
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD)
    // Some processors use a gcc compiler that renames va_list!!!
   #include <cstdarg>  
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MEGAAVR)
-  #define __FlashStringHelper char
 #endif
 
 #include "LCDDisplay.h"
@@ -35,28 +33,29 @@ class Diag {
   static bool WIFI;
   static bool WITHROTTLE;
   static bool ETHERNET;
+  static bool LCN;
   
 };
 
 class StringFormatter
 {
   public:
-    static void send(Print * serial, const __FlashStringHelper* input...);
-    static void send(Print & serial, const __FlashStringHelper* input...);
+    static void send(Print * serial, const FSH* input...);
+    static void send(Print & serial, const FSH* input...);
     
     static void printEscapes(Print * serial,char * input);
-    static void printEscapes(Print * serial,const __FlashStringHelper* input);
+    static void printEscapes(Print * serial,const FSH* input);
     static void printEscape(Print * serial, char c);
 
     // DIAG support
     static Print * diagSerial;
-    static void diag( const __FlashStringHelper* input...);
-    static void lcd(byte row, const __FlashStringHelper* input...);
+    static void diag( const FSH* input...);
+    static void lcd(byte row, const FSH* input...);
     static void printEscapes(char * input);
     static void printEscape( char c);
 
     private: 
-    static void send2(Print * serial, const __FlashStringHelper* input,va_list args);
+    static void send2(Print * serial, const FSH* input,va_list args);
     static void printPadded(Print* stream, long value, byte width, bool formatLeft);
 
 };

Timer.cpp

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// This file is copied from https://github.com/davidcutting42/ArduinoTimers
-// All Credit to David Cutting
-
-#include <Arduino.h>
-
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-
-#include "ATMEGA2560/Timer.h"
-
-Timer TimerA(1);
-Timer TimerB(3);
-Timer TimerC(4);
-Timer TimerD(5);
-
-ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerA.isrCallback();
-}
-
-ISR(TIMER3_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerB.isrCallback();
-}
-
-ISR(TIMER4_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerC.isrCallback();
-}
-
-ISR(TIMER5_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerD.isrCallback();
-}
-
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)      // Todo: add other 328 boards for compatibility
-
-#include "ATMEGA328/Timer.h"
-
-Timer TimerA(1);
-Timer TimerB(2);
-
-ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerA.isrCallback();
-}
-
-ISR(TIMER2_OVF_vect)
-{
-    TimerB.isrCallback();
-}
-
-#endif

Turnouts.cpp

@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@
 // print all turnout states to stream
 void Turnout::printAll(Print *stream){
   for (Turnout *tt = Turnout::firstTurnout; tt != NULL; tt = tt->nextTurnout)
-    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d>"), tt->data.id, (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE)!=0);
+    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<H %d %d>\n"), tt->data.id, (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE)!=0);
 } // Turnout::printAll
 
 bool Turnout::activate(int n,bool state){
 #ifdef EESTOREDEBUG
-  DIAG(F("\nTurnout::activate(%d,%d)\n"),n,state);
+  DIAG(F("Turnout::activate(%d,%d)"),n,state);
 #endif
   Turnout * tt=get(n);
   if (tt==NULL) return false;
@@ -53,8 +53,13 @@ bool Turnout::isActive(int n){
 // activate is virtual here so that it can be overridden by a non-DCC turnout mechanism
 void Turnout::activate(bool state) {
 #ifdef EESTOREDEBUG
-  DIAG(F("\nTurnout::activate(%d)\n"),state);
+  DIAG(F("Turnout::activate(%d)"),state);
 #endif
+  if (data.address==LCN_TURNOUT_ADDRESS) {
+     // A LCN turnout is transmitted to the LCN master.
+     LCN::send('T',data.id,state);
+     return;   // The tStatus will be updated by a message from the LCN master, later.    
+  }
   if (state)
     data.tStatus|=STATUS_ACTIVE;
   else
@@ -165,9 +170,9 @@ Turnout *Turnout::create(int id){
 #ifdef EESTOREDEBUG
 void Turnout::print(Turnout *tt) {
     if (tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_PWM )
-      DIAG(F("Turnout %d ZeroAngle %d MoveAngle %d Status %d\n"),tt->data.id, tt->data.inactiveAngle, tt->data.moveAngle,tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE);
+      DIAG(F("Turnout %d ZeroAngle %d MoveAngle %d Status %d"),tt->data.id, tt->data.inactiveAngle, tt->data.moveAngle,tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE);
     else
-	DIAG(F("Turnout %d Addr %d Subaddr %d Status %d\n"),tt->data.id, tt->data.address, tt->data.subAddress,tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE);
+	DIAG(F("Turnout %d Addr %d Subaddr %d Status %d"),tt->data.id, tt->data.address, tt->data.subAddress,tt->data.tStatus & STATUS_ACTIVE);
 }
 #endif
 

Turnouts.h

@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@
 
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include "DCC.h"
+#include "LCN.h"
 
 const byte STATUS_ACTIVE=0x80; // Flag as activated
 const byte STATUS_PWM=0x40; // Flag as a PWM turnout
 const byte STATUS_PWMPIN=0x3F; // PWM  pin 0-63
-
+const int  LCN_TURNOUT_ADDRESS=-1;  // spoof dcc address -1 indicates a LCN turnout
 struct TurnoutData {
    int id;
    uint8_t tStatus; // has STATUS_ACTIVE, STATUS_PWM, STATUS_PWMPIN  

VirtualTimer.h

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-// This file is copied from https://github.com/davidcutting42/ArduinoTimers
-// All Credit to David Cutting
-
-#ifndef VirtualTimer_h
-#define VirtualTimer_h
-
-class VirtualTimer
-{
-public:
-    virtual void initialize() = 0;
-    virtual void setPeriod(unsigned long microseconds) = 0;
-    virtual void start() = 0;
-	virtual void stop() = 0;
-
-    virtual void attachInterrupt(void (*isr)()) = 0;
-    virtual void detachInterrupt() = 0;
-private:
-
-};
-
-#endif

WiThrottle.cpp

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ bool WiThrottle::areYouUsingThrottle(int cab) {
  // One instance of WiThrottle per connected client, so we know what the locos are 
  
 WiThrottle::WiThrottle( int wificlientid) {
-   if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("\n%l Creating new WiThrottle for client %d\n"),millis(),wificlientid); 
+   if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l Creating new WiThrottle for client %d"),millis(),wificlientid); 
    nextThrottle=firstThrottle;
    firstThrottle= this;
    clientid=wificlientid;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
   byte * cmd=cmdx;
   
   heartBeat=millis();
-  if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("\n%l WiThrottle(%d)<-[%e]\n"),millis(),clientid,cmd);
+  if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l WiThrottle(%d)<-[%e]"),millis(),clientid,cmd);
 
   if (initSent) {
     // Send power state if different than last sent
@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
        case 'P':  
             if (cmd[1]=='P' && cmd[2]=='A' )  {  //PPA power mode 
               DCCWaveform::mainTrack.setPowerMode(cmd[3]=='1'?POWERMODE::ON:POWERMODE::OFF);
+	      if (MotorDriver::commonFaultPin) // commonFaultPin prevents individual track handling
+		DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(cmd[3]=='1'?POWERMODE::ON:POWERMODE::OFF);
               StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PPA%x\n"),DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getPowerMode()==POWERMODE::ON);
               lastPowerState = (DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getPowerMode()==POWERMODE::ON); //remember power state sent for comparison later
             }
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("M%c-%c%d<;>\n"), myLocos[loco].throttle, LorS(myLocos[loco].cab), myLocos[loco].cab);
               }
             }
-            if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l WiThrottle(%d) Quit\n"),millis(),clientid);
+            if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l WiThrottle(%d) Quit"),millis(),clientid);
             delete this; 
             break;           
    }
@@ -205,6 +207,7 @@ int WiThrottle::getLocoId(byte * cmd) {
     if (cmd[0]!='L' && cmd[0]!='S') return 0; // should not match any locos
     return getInt(cmd+1); 
 }
+
 void WiThrottle::multithrottle(RingStream * stream, byte * cmd){ 
           char throttleChar=cmd[1];
           int locoid=getLocoId(cmd+3); // -1 for *
@@ -212,9 +215,20 @@ void WiThrottle::multithrottle(RingStream * stream, byte * cmd){
           while(*aval !=';' && *aval !='\0') aval++;
           if (*aval) aval+=2;  // skip ;>
 
-//       DIAG(F("\nMultithrottle aval=%c cab=%d"), aval[0],locoid);    
+//       DIAG(F("Multithrottle aval=%c cab=%d"), aval[0],locoid);    
        switch(cmd[2]) {
           case '+':  // add loco request
+                if (cmd[3]=='*') { 
+                  // M+* means get loco from prog track, then join tracks ready to drive away
+                  // Stash the things the callback will need later
+                  stashStream= stream;
+                  stashClient=stream->peekTargetMark();
+                  stashThrottleChar=throttleChar;
+                  stashInstance=this;
+                  // ask DCC to call us back when the loco id has been read
+                  DCC::getLocoId(getLocoCallback); // will remove any previous join                    
+                  return; // return nothing in stream as response is sent later in the callback 
+                }
                 //return error if address zero requested
                 if (locoid==0) { 
                   StringFormatter::send(stream, F("HMAddress '0' not supported!\n"), cmd[3] ,locoid);                    
@@ -234,7 +248,7 @@ void WiThrottle::multithrottle(RingStream * stream, byte * cmd){
                     //Get known Fn states from DCC 
                     for(int fKey=0; fKey<=28; fKey++) { 
                       int fstate=DCC::getFn(locoid,fKey);
-                      if (fstate>=0) StringFormatter::send(stream,F("M%cA%c<;>F%d%d\n"),throttleChar,cmd[3],fstate,fKey);
+                        if (fstate>=0) StringFormatter::send(stream,F("M%cA%c%d<;>F%d%d\n"),throttleChar,cmd[3],locoid,fstate,fKey);                     
                     }
                     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("M%cA%c%d<;>V%d\n"), throttleChar, cmd[3], locoid, DCCToWiTSpeed(DCC::getThrottleSpeed(locoid)));
                     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("M%cA%c%d<;>R%d\n"), throttleChar, cmd[3], locoid, DCC::getThrottleDirection(locoid));
@@ -258,7 +272,7 @@ void WiThrottle::multithrottle(RingStream * stream, byte * cmd){
 
 void WiThrottle::locoAction(RingStream * stream, byte* aval, char throttleChar, int cab){
     // Note cab=-1 for all cabs in the consist called throttleChar.  
-//    DIAG(F("\nLoco Action aval=%c%c throttleChar=%c, cab=%d"), aval[0],aval[1],throttleChar, cab);
+//    DIAG(F("Loco Action aval=%c%c throttleChar=%c, cab=%d"), aval[0],aval[1],throttleChar, cab);
      switch (aval[0]) {
            case 'V':  // Vspeed
              { 
@@ -352,10 +366,10 @@ void WiThrottle::loop(RingStream * stream) {
 void WiThrottle::checkHeartbeat() {
   // if eStop time passed... eStop any locos still assigned to this client and then drop the connection
   if(heartBeatEnable && (millis()-heartBeat > ESTOP_SECONDS*1000)) {
-  if (Diag::WITHROTTLE)  DIAG(F("\n\n%l WiThrottle(%d) eStop(%ds) timeout, drop connection\n"), millis(), clientid, ESTOP_SECONDS);
+  if (Diag::WITHROTTLE)  DIAG(F("%l WiThrottle(%d) eStop(%ds) timeout, drop connection"), millis(), clientid, ESTOP_SECONDS);
     LOOPLOCOS('*', -1) { 
       if (myLocos[loco].throttle!='\0') {
-        if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l  eStopping cab %d\n"),millis(),myLocos[loco].cab);
+        if (Diag::WITHROTTLE) DIAG(F("%l  eStopping cab %d"),millis(),myLocos[loco].cab);
         DCC::setThrottle(myLocos[loco].cab, 1, DCC::getThrottleDirection(myLocos[loco].cab)); // speed 1 is eStop
       }
     }
@@ -365,4 +379,24 @@ void WiThrottle::checkHeartbeat() {
 
 char WiThrottle::LorS(int cab) {
     return (cab<127)?'S':'L';
-} 
+}
+
+// Drive Away feature. Callback handling
+ 
+RingStream * WiThrottle::stashStream;
+WiThrottle * WiThrottle::stashInstance;
+byte         WiThrottle::stashClient;
+char         WiThrottle::stashThrottleChar;
+
+void WiThrottle::getLocoCallback(int16_t locoid) {
+  stashStream->mark(stashClient);
+  if (locoid<0) StringFormatter::send(stashStream,F("HMNo loco found on prog track\n"));
+  else {
+    char addcmd[20]={'M',stashThrottleChar,'+',LorS(locoid) };
+    itoa(locoid,addcmd+4,10);
+    stashInstance->multithrottle(stashStream, (byte *)addcmd);
+    DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(POWERMODE::ON);
+    DCC::setProgTrackSyncMain(true);  // <1 JOIN> so we can drive loco away
+  }
+  stashStream->commit();
+}

WiThrottle.h

@@ -60,6 +60,14 @@ class WiThrottle {
       void multithrottle(RingStream * stream, byte * cmd);
       void locoAction(RingStream * stream, byte* aval, char throttleChar, int cab);
       void accessory(RingStream *, byte* cmd);
-      void checkHeartbeat();  
+      void checkHeartbeat(); 
+
+       // callback stuff to support prog track acquire
+       static RingStream * stashStream;
+       static WiThrottle * stashInstance;
+       static byte         stashClient;
+       static char         stashThrottleChar;
+       static void         getLocoCallback(int16_t locoid);
+
 };
 #endif

WifiInboundHandler.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2020, Harald Barth.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of Asbelos DCC API
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+#ifndef ARDUINO_AVR_UNO_WIFI_REV2
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include "WifiInboundHandler.h"
 #include "RingStream.h"
@@ -44,7 +64,7 @@ void WifiInboundHandler::loop1() {
     
 
     if (pendingCipsend) {
-         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG( F("\nWiFi: [[CIPSEND=%d,%d]]"), clientPendingCIPSEND, currentReplySize);
+         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG( F("WiFi: [[CIPSEND=%d,%d]]"), clientPendingCIPSEND, currentReplySize);
          StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIPSEND=%d,%d\r\n"),  clientPendingCIPSEND, currentReplySize);
          pendingCipsend=false;
          return;
@@ -55,11 +75,11 @@ void WifiInboundHandler::loop1() {
       int clientId=inboundRing->read();
       if (clientId>=0) {
          int count=inboundRing->count();
-         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("\nWifi EXEC: %d %d:"),clientId,count); 
+         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("Wifi EXEC: %d %d:"),clientId,count); 
          byte cmd[count+1];
          for (int i=0;i<count;i++) cmd[i]=inboundRing->read();   
          cmd[count]=0;
-         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("%e\n"),cmd); 
+         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("%e"),cmd); 
          
          outboundRing->mark(clientId);  // remember start of outbound data 
          CommandDistributor::parse(clientId,cmd,outboundRing);
@@ -173,11 +193,11 @@ WifiInboundHandler::INBOUND_STATE WifiInboundHandler::loop2() {
             loopState=ANYTHING;
             break;
           }
-          if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("\nWifi inbound data(%d:%d):"),runningClientId,dataLength); 
+          if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("Wifi inbound data(%d:%d):"),runningClientId,dataLength); 
           if (inboundRing->freeSpace()<=(dataLength+1)) {
             // This input would overflow the inbound ring, ignore it  
             loopState=IPD_IGNORE_DATA;
-            if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("\nWifi OVERFLOW IGNORING:"));    
+            if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("Wifi OVERFLOW IGNORING:"));    
             break;
           }
           inboundRing->mark(runningClientId);
@@ -223,8 +243,10 @@ WifiInboundHandler::INBOUND_STATE WifiInboundHandler::loop2() {
 
 void WifiInboundHandler::purgeCurrentCIPSEND() {
          // A CIPSEND was sent but errored... or the client closed just toss it away
-         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("Wifi: DROPPING CIPSEND=%d,%d\n"),clientPendingCIPSEND,currentReplySize);
+         if (Diag::WIFI) DIAG(F("Wifi: DROPPING CIPSEND=%d,%d"),clientPendingCIPSEND,currentReplySize);
          for (int i=0;i<=currentReplySize;i++) outboundRing->read();
          pendingCipsend=false;  
          clientPendingCIPSEND=-1;
 }
+
+#endif

WifiInboundHandler.h

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ class WifiInboundHandler {
    static WifiInboundHandler * singleton;
   
    
-   enum INBOUND_STATE {
+   enum INBOUND_STATE : byte {
         INBOUND_BUSY,     // keep calling in loop() 
         INBOUND_IDLE     // Nothing happening, outbound may xcall CIPSEND
    };      
 
-        enum LOOP_STATE {
+        enum LOOP_STATE : byte {
           ANYTHING,    // ready for +IPD, n CLOSED, n CONNECTED, busy etc...
           SKIPTOEND,   // skip to newline
           

WifiInterface.cpp

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
-
+#ifndef ARDUINO_AVR_UNO_WIFI_REV2
+// This code is NOT compiled on a unoWifiRev2 processor which uses a different architecture 
 #include "WifiInterface.h"        /* config.h included there */
 #include <avr/pgmspace.h>
 #include "DIAG.h"
@@ -25,25 +26,25 @@
 
 #include "WifiInboundHandler.h"
 
-const char  PROGMEM READY_SEARCH[]  = "\r\nready\r\n";
-const char  PROGMEM OK_SEARCH[] = "\r\nOK\r\n";
-const char  PROGMEM END_DETAIL_SEARCH[] = "@ 1000";
-const char  PROGMEM SEND_OK_SEARCH[] = "\r\nSEND OK\r\n";
-const char  PROGMEM IPD_SEARCH[] = "+IPD";
+
+
+
 const unsigned long LOOP_TIMEOUT = 2000;
 bool WifiInterface::connected = false;
 Stream * WifiInterface::wifiStream;
 
 #ifndef WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT
 // Tested how long it takes to FAIL an unknown SSID on firmware 1.7.4.
-#define WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT 14000
+// The ES should fail a connect in 15 seconds, we don't want to fail BEFORE that
+// or ot will cause issues with the following commands. 
+#define WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT 16000
 #endif
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // Figure out number of serial ports depending on hardware
 //
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_NANO)
 #define NUM_SERIAL 0
 #endif
  
@@ -56,10 +57,11 @@ Stream * WifiInterface::wifiStream;
 #endif
 
 bool WifiInterface::setup(long serial_link_speed, 
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *wifiESSID,
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *wifiPassword,
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *hostname,
-                          const int port) {
+                          const FSH *wifiESSID,
+                          const FSH *wifiPassword,
+                          const FSH *hostname,
+                          const int port,
+                          const byte channel) {
 
   wifiSerialState wifiUp = WIFI_NOAT;
 
@@ -70,11 +72,12 @@ bool WifiInterface::setup(long serial_link_speed,
   (void) wifiPassword;
   (void) hostname;
   (void) port;
+  (void) channel;
 #endif  
   
 #if NUM_SERIAL > 0
   Serial1.begin(serial_link_speed);
-  wifiUp = setup(Serial1, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port);
+  wifiUp = setup(Serial1, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port, channel);
 #endif
 
 // Other serials are tried, depending on hardware.
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ bool WifiInterface::setup(long serial_link_speed,
   if (wifiUp == WIFI_NOAT)
   {
     Serial2.begin(serial_link_speed);
-    wifiUp = setup(Serial2, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port);
+    wifiUp = setup(Serial2, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port, channel);
   }
 #endif
   
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ bool WifiInterface::setup(long serial_link_speed,
   if (wifiUp == WIFI_NOAT)
   {
     Serial3.begin(serial_link_speed);
-    wifiUp = setup(Serial3, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port);
+    wifiUp = setup(Serial3, wifiESSID, wifiPassword, hostname, port, channel);
   }
 #endif
 
@@ -107,30 +110,30 @@ bool WifiInterface::setup(long serial_link_speed,
   return connected; 
 }
 
-wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup(Stream & setupStream,  const __FlashStringHelper* SSid, const __FlashStringHelper* password,
-				     const __FlashStringHelper* hostname,  int port) {
+wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup(Stream & setupStream,  const FSH* SSid, const FSH* password,
+				     const FSH* hostname,  int port, byte channel) {
   wifiSerialState wifiState;
   static uint8_t ntry = 0;
   ntry++;
 
   wifiStream = &setupStream;
 
-  DIAG(F("\n++ Wifi Setup Try %d ++\n"), ntry);
+  DIAG(F("++ Wifi Setup Try %d ++"), ntry);
 
-  wifiState = setup2( SSid, password, hostname,  port);
+  wifiState = setup2( SSid, password, hostname,  port, channel);
 
   if (wifiState == WIFI_NOAT) {
-      DIAG(F("\n++ Wifi Setup NO AT ++\n"));
+      DIAG(F("++ Wifi Setup NO AT ++"));
       return wifiState;
   }
  
   if (wifiState == WIFI_CONNECTED) {
     StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("ATE0\r\n")); // turn off the echo 
-    checkForOK(200, OK_SEARCH, true);      
+    checkForOK(200, true);      
   }
 
     
-  DIAG(F("\n++ Wifi Setup %S ++\n"), wifiState == WIFI_CONNECTED ? F("CONNECTED") : F("DISCONNECTED"));
+  DIAG(F("++ Wifi Setup %S ++"), wifiState == WIFI_CONNECTED ? F("CONNECTED") : F("DISCONNECTED"));
   return wifiState;
 }
 
@@ -139,146 +142,171 @@ wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup(Stream & setupStream,  const __FlashStringH
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-variable"
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-parameter"
 #endif
-wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup2(const __FlashStringHelper* SSid, const __FlashStringHelper* password,
-				      const __FlashStringHelper* hostname, int port) {
+wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup2(const FSH* SSid, const FSH* password,
+				      const FSH* hostname, int port, byte channel) {
   bool ipOK = false;
   bool oldCmd = false;
 
   char macAddress[17];  //  mac address extraction   
-     
+ 
   // First check... Restarting the Arduino does not restart the ES. 
   //  There may alrerady be a connection with data in the pipeline.
   // If there is, just shortcut the setup and continue to read the data as normal.
-  if (checkForOK(200,IPD_SEARCH, true)) {
-    DIAG(F("\nPreconfigured Wifi already running with data waiting\n"));
-   // loopstate=4;  // carry on from correct place... or not as the case may be  
+  if (checkForOK(200,F("+IPD"), true)) {
+    DIAG(F("Preconfigured Wifi already running with data waiting"));
     return WIFI_CONNECTED; 
   }
 
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT\r\n"));   // Is something here that understands AT?
-  if(!checkForOK(200, OK_SEARCH, true))
+  if(!checkForOK(200, true))
     return WIFI_NOAT;                               // No AT compatible WiFi module here
 
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("ATE1\r\n")); // Turn on the echo, se we can see what's happening
-  checkForOK(2000, OK_SEARCH, true);                // Makes this visible on the console
+  checkForOK(2000, true);                // Makes this visible on the console
 
   // Display the AT version information
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+GMR\r\n")); 
-  checkForOK(2000, OK_SEARCH, true, false);      // Makes this visible on the console
+  checkForOK(2000, true, false);      // Makes this visible on the console
 
 #ifdef DONT_TOUCH_WIFI_CONF
-  DIAG(F("\nDONT_TOUCH_WIFI_CONF was set: Using existing config\n"));
+  DIAG(F("DONT_TOUCH_WIFI_CONF was set: Using existing config"));
 #else
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWMODE=1\r\n")); // configure as "station" = WiFi client
-  checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true);                       // Not always OK, sometimes "no change"
+  checkForOK(1000, true);                       // Not always OK, sometimes "no change"
+
+  // Older ES versions have AT+CWJAP, newer ones have AT+CWJAP_CUR and AT+CWHOSTNAME
+  StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP?\r\n"));
+  if (checkForOK(2000, true)) {
+      oldCmd=true;
+      while (wifiStream->available()) StringFormatter::printEscape( wifiStream->read()); /// THIS IS A DIAG IN DISGUISE
+  }
 
-  // If the source code looks unconfigured, check if the
-  // ESP8266 is preconfigured. We check the first 13 chars
-  // of the SSid.
   const char *yourNetwork = "Your network ";
-  if (strncmp_P(yourNetwork, (const char*)SSid, 13) == 0 || ((const char *)SSid)[0] == '\0') {
-    delay(8000); // give a preconfigured ES8266 a chance to connect to a router  
-                 // typical connect time approx 7 seconds
-    StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n"));
-    if (checkForOK(5000, (const char*) F("+CIFSR:STAIP"), true,false))
-	if (!checkForOK(1000, (const char*) F("0.0.0.0"), true,false))
-	    ipOK = true;
-  } else { // Should this really be "else" here /haba
-
-    if (!ipOK) {
-
-      // Older ES versions have AT+CWJAP, newer ones have AT+CWJAP_CUR and AT+CWHOSTNAME
-      StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP?\r\n"));
-      if (checkForOK(2000, OK_SEARCH, true)) {
-        oldCmd=true;
-	while (wifiStream->available()) StringFormatter::printEscape( wifiStream->read()); /// THIS IS A DIAG IN DISGUISE
+  if (strncmp_P(yourNetwork, (const char*)SSid, 13) == 0 || strncmp_P("", (const char*)SSid, 13) == 0) {
+    if (strncmp_P(yourNetwork, (const char*)password, 13) == 0) {
+      // If the source code looks unconfigured, check if the
+      // ESP8266 is preconfigured in station mode.
+      // We check the first 13 chars of the SSid and the password
 
+      // give a preconfigured ES8266 a chance to connect to a router
+      // typical connect time approx 7 seconds
+      delay(8000);
+      StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n"));
+      if (checkForOK(5000, F("+CIFSR:STAIP"), true,false))
+	  if (!checkForOK(1000, F("0.0.0.0"), true,false))
+	      ipOK = true;
+    }
+  } else {
+      // SSID was configured, so we assume station (client) mode.
+      if (oldCmd) {
 	// AT command early version supports CWJAP/CWSAP
-	if (SSid) {
-	  StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP=\"%S\",\"%S\"\r\n"), SSid, password);
-	  ipOK = checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, OK_SEARCH, true);
-	}
-	DIAG(F("\n**\n"));
-
+	StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP=\"%S\",\"%S\"\r\n"), SSid, password);
+	ipOK = checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, true);
       } else {
       // later version supports CWJAP_CUR
-
         StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWHOSTNAME=\"%S\"\r\n"), hostname); // Set Host name for Wifi Client
-	checkForOK(2000, OK_SEARCH, true); // dont care if not supported
+	checkForOK(2000, true); // dont care if not supported
       
-	if (SSid) {
-	  StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP_CUR=\"%S\",\"%S\"\r\n"), SSid, password);
-	  ipOK = checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, OK_SEARCH, true);
-	}
+        StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWJAP_CUR=\"%S\",\"%S\"\r\n"), SSid, password);
+	ipOK = checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, true);
       }
 
       if (ipOK) {
 	// But we really only have the ESSID and password correct
-        // Let's check for IP
+        // Let's check for IP (via DHCP)
         ipOK = false;
 	StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n"));
-	if (checkForOK(5000, (const char*) F("+CIFSR:STAIP"), true,false))
-	  if (!checkForOK(1000, (const char*) F("0.0.0.0"), true,false))
+	if (checkForOK(5000, F("+CIFSR:STAIP"), true,false))
+	  if (!checkForOK(1000, F("0.0.0.0"), true,false))
 	    ipOK = true;
       }
-    }
   }
 
   if (!ipOK) {
     // If we have not managed to get this going in station mode, go for AP mode
 
-    StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n")); // configure as AccessPoint.
-    checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true); // Not always OK, sometimes "no change"
+//    StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+RST\r\n"));
+//    checkForOK(1000, true); // Not always OK, sometimes "no change"
+
+    int i=0;
+    do {
+      // configure as AccessPoint. Try really hard as this is the
+      // last way out to get any Wifi connectivity.
+      StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWMODE=2\r\n")); 
+    } while (!checkForOK(1000+i*500, true) && i++<10);
+
+    while (wifiStream->available()) StringFormatter::printEscape( wifiStream->read()); /// THIS IS A DIAG IN DISGUISE
 
     // Figure out MAC addr
-    StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n"));
+    StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n")); // not TOMATO
     // looking fpr mac addr eg +CIFSR:APMAC,"be:dd:c2:5c:6b:b7"
-    if (checkForOK(5000, (const char*) F("+CIFSR:APMAC,\""), true,false)) {
+    if (checkForOK(5000, F("+CIFSR:APMAC,\""), true,false)) {
       // Copy 17 byte mac address
       for (int i=0; i<17;i++) {
         while(!wifiStream->available());
 	macAddress[i]=wifiStream->read();
 	StringFormatter::printEscape(macAddress[i]);
       }
+    } else {
+	memset(macAddress,'f',sizeof(macAddress));
     }
     char macTail[]={macAddress[9],macAddress[10],macAddress[12],macAddress[13],macAddress[15],macAddress[16],'\0'};
 
-    if (oldCmd) {
-      while (wifiStream->available()) StringFormatter::printEscape( wifiStream->read()); /// THIS IS A DIAG IN DISGUISE
+    checkForOK(1000, true, false);  // suck up remainder of AT+CIFSR
+  
+    i=0;
+    do {
+      if (strncmp_P(yourNetwork, (const char*)password, 13) == 0) {
+	// unconfigured
+        StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWSAP%s=\"DCCEX_%s\",\"PASS_%s\",%d,4\r\n"),
+                                          oldCmd ? "" : "_CUR", macTail, macTail, channel);
+      } else {
+        // password configured by user
+	StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWSAP%s=\"DCCEX_%s\",\"%S\",%d,4\r\n"), oldCmd ? "" : "_CUR",
+	                                       macTail, password, channel);
+      }
+    } while (!checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, true) && i++<2); // do twice if necessary but ignore failure as AP mode may still be ok
+    if (i >= 2)
+	DIAG(F("Warning: Setting AP SSID and password failed"));       // but issue warning
 
-      int i=0;
-      do {
-        if (strncmp_P(yourNetwork, (const char*)password, 13) == 0) {
-	  // unconfigured
-	  StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWSAP=\"DCCEX_%s\",\"PASS_%s\",1,4\r\n"), macTail, macTail);
-	} else {
-	  // password configured by user
-          StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWSAP=\"DCCEX_%s\",\"%s\",1,4\r\n"), macTail, password);
-	}
-      } while (i++<2 && !checkForOK(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, OK_SEARCH, true)); // do twice if necessary but ignore failure as AP mode may still be ok
-    } else {
-
-      StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CWSAP_CUR=\"DCCEX_%s\",\"PASS_%s\",1,4\r\n"), macTail, macTail);
-      checkForOK(20000, OK_SEARCH, true); // can ignore failure as SSid mode may still be ok
-      
+    if (!oldCmd) {
       StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIPRECVMODE=0\r\n"), port); // make sure transfer mode is correct
-      checkForOK(2000, OK_SEARCH, true);
+      checkForOK(2000, true);
     }
   }
 
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIPSERVER=0\r\n")); // turn off tcp server (to clean connections before CIPMUX=1)
-  checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true); // ignore result in case it already was off
+  checkForOK(1000, true); // ignore result in case it already was off
    
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIPMUX=1\r\n")); // configure for multiple connections
-  if (!checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
+  if (!checkForOK(1000, true)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
 
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIPSERVER=1,%d\r\n"), port); // turn on server on port
-  if (!checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
+  if (!checkForOK(1000, true)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
 #endif //DONT_TOUCH_WIFI_CONF
  
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+CIFSR\r\n")); // Display  ip addresses to the DIAG 
-  if (!checkForOK(1000, OK_SEARCH, true, false)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
-  DIAG(F("\nPORT=%d\n"),port);
+  if (!checkForOK(1000, F("IP,\"") , true, false)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
+  // Copy the IP address
+  {
+    const byte MAX_IP_LENGTH=15;
+    char ipString[MAX_IP_LENGTH+1];
+    ipString[MAX_IP_LENGTH]='\0'; // protection against missing " character on end. 
+    for(byte ipLen=0;ipLen<MAX_IP_LENGTH;ipLen++) {
+      while(!wifiStream->available());
+      int ipChar=wifiStream->read();
+      StringFormatter::printEscape(ipChar);
+      if (ipChar=='"') {
+        ipString[ipLen]='\0';
+        break;
+      }
+      ipString[ipLen]=ipChar;
+    }
+    LCD(4,F("%s"),ipString);  // There is not enough room on some LCDs to put a title to this      
+  }
+  // suck up anything after the IP. 
+  if (!checkForOK(1000, true, false)) return WIFI_DISCONNECTED;
+  LCD(5,F("PORT=%d"),port);
    
   return WIFI_CONNECTED;
 }
@@ -296,38 +324,42 @@ void WifiInterface::ATCommand(const byte * command) {
   command++;
   if (*command=='X') {
      connected = true;
-     DIAG(F("\n++++++ Wifi Connction forced on ++++++++\n"));
+     DIAG(F("++++++ Wifi Connction forced on ++++++++"));
   }
   else {
         StringFormatter::  send(wifiStream, F("AT+%s\r\n"), command);
-        checkForOK(10000, OK_SEARCH, true);
+        checkForOK(10000,  true);
   }
 }
 
 
 
-bool WifiInterface::checkForOK( const unsigned int timeout, const char * waitfor, bool echo, bool escapeEcho) {
+bool WifiInterface::checkForOK( const unsigned int timeout,  bool echo, bool escapeEcho) {
+  return checkForOK(timeout,F("\r\nOK\r\n"),echo,escapeEcho);
+}
+
+bool WifiInterface::checkForOK( const unsigned int timeout, const FSH * waitfor, bool echo, bool escapeEcho) {
   unsigned long  startTime = millis();
-  char  const *locator = waitfor;
-  DIAG(F("\nWifi Check: [%E]"), waitfor);
+  char *locator = (char *)waitfor;
+  DIAG(F("Wifi Check: [%E]"), waitfor);
   while ( millis() - startTime < timeout) {
     while (wifiStream->available()) {
       int ch = wifiStream->read();
       if (echo) {
         if (escapeEcho) StringFormatter::printEscape( ch); /// THIS IS A DIAG IN DISGUISE
-        else DIAG(F("%c"), ch); 
+        else StringFormatter::diagSerial->print((char)ch); 
       }
-      if (ch != pgm_read_byte_near(locator)) locator = waitfor;
-      if (ch == pgm_read_byte_near(locator)) {
+      if (ch != GETFLASH(locator)) locator = (char *)waitfor;
+      if (ch == GETFLASH(locator)) {
         locator++;
-        if (!pgm_read_byte_near(locator)) {
-          DIAG(F("\nFound in %dms"), millis() - startTime);
+        if (!GETFLASH(locator)) {
+          DIAG(F("Found in %dms"), millis() - startTime);
           return true;
         }
       }
     }
   }
-  DIAG(F("\nTIMEOUT after %dms\n"), timeout);
+  DIAG(F("TIMEOUT after %dms"), timeout);
   return false;
 }
 
@@ -337,3 +369,5 @@ void WifiInterface::loop() {
     WifiInboundHandler::loop(); 
   }
 }
+
+#endif

WifiInterface.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
  */
 #ifndef WifiInterface_h
 #define WifiInterface_h
-#include "config.h"
+#include "FSH.h"
 #include "DCCEXParser.h"
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include <avr/pgmspace.h>
@@ -31,26 +31,23 @@ class WifiInterface
 
 public:
   static bool setup(long serial_link_speed, 
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *wifiESSID,
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *wifiPassword,
-                          const __FlashStringHelper *hostname,
-                          const int port = 2560);
+                          const FSH *wifiESSID,
+                          const FSH *wifiPassword,
+                          const FSH *hostname,
+                          const int port,
+                          const byte channel);
   static void loop();
   static void ATCommand(const byte *command);
-
+  
 private:
-  static wifiSerialState setup(Stream &setupStream, const __FlashStringHelper *SSSid, const __FlashStringHelper *password,
-                    const __FlashStringHelper *hostname, int port);
+  static wifiSerialState setup(Stream &setupStream, const FSH *SSSid, const FSH *password,
+                    const FSH *hostname, int port, byte channel);
   static Stream *wifiStream;
   static DCCEXParser parser;
-  static wifiSerialState setup2(const __FlashStringHelper *SSSid, const __FlashStringHelper *password,
-                     const __FlashStringHelper *hostname, int port);
-  static bool checkForOK(const unsigned int timeout, const char *waitfor, bool echo, bool escapeEcho = true);
+  static wifiSerialState setup2(const FSH *SSSid, const FSH *password,
+                     const FSH *hostname, int port, byte channel);
+  static bool checkForOK(const unsigned int timeout, bool echo, bool escapeEcho = true);
+  static bool checkForOK(const unsigned int timeout, const FSH *waitfor, bool echo, bool escapeEcho = true);
   static bool connected;
-  static bool closeAfter;
-  static byte loopstate;
-  static int datalength;
-  static int connectionId;
-  static unsigned long loopTimeoutStart;
 };
 #endif

config.example.h

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 /**********************************************************************
 
-Config.h
-COPYRIGHT (c) 2013-2016 Gregg E. Berman
+config.h
 COPYRIGHT (c) 2020 Fred Decker
 
-The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
+The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 
 **********************************************************************/
 
@@ -21,12 +20,12 @@ The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
 //  POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD   : Pololu MC33926 Motor Driver (not recommended for prog track)
 //  FUNDUMOTO_SHIELD      : Fundumoto Shield, no current sensing (not recommended, no short protection)
 //  FIREBOX_MK1           : The Firebox MK1                    
-//  FIREBOX_MK1S          : The Firebox MK1S    
+//  FIREBOX_MK1S          : The Firebox MK1S
+//  IBT_2_WITH_ARDUINO    : Arduino Motor Shield for PROG and IBT-2 for MAIN
 //   |
 //   +-----------------------v
 //
 #define MOTOR_SHIELD_TYPE STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD
-
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // The IP port to talk to a WIFI or Ethernet shield.
@@ -52,10 +51,14 @@ The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
 // WIFI_SSID is the network name IF you want to use your existing home network.
 // Do NOT change this if you want to use the WiFi in Access Point (AP) mode. 
 //
-// If you do NOT set the WIFI_SSID, the WiFi chip will first try
-// to connect to the previously configured network and if that fails
-// fall back to Access Point mode. The SSID of the AP will be
-// automatically set to DCCEX_*.
+// If you do NOT set the WIFI_SSID and do NOT set the WIFI_PASSWORD,
+// then the WiFi chip will first try to connect to the previously
+// configured network and if that fails fall back to Access Point mode.
+// The SSID of the AP will be automatically set to DCCEX_*.
+// If you DO set the WIFI_SSID then the WiFi chip will try to connect
+// to that (home) network in station (client) mode. If a WIFI_PASSWORD
+// is set (recommended), that password will be used for AP mode.
+// The AP mode password must be at least 8 characters long.
 //
 // Your SSID may not conain ``"'' (double quote, ASCII 0x22).
 #define WIFI_SSID "Your network name"
@@ -69,12 +72,11 @@ The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
 // WIFI_HOSTNAME: You probably don't need to change this
 #define WIFI_HOSTNAME "dccex"
 //
-/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//
-// Wifi connect timeout in milliseconds. Default is 14000 (14 seconds). You only need
-// to set this if you have an extremely slow Wifi router.
-//
-//#define WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT 14000
+// WIFI_CHANNEL: If the line "#define ENABLE_WIFI true" is uncommented, 
+// WiFi will be enabled (Mega only). The default channel is set to "1" whether
+// this line exists or not. If you need to use an alternate channel (we recommend
+// using only 1,6, or 11) you may change it here.
+#define WIFI_CHANNEL 1
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
@@ -90,26 +92,6 @@ The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
 //
 //#define IP_ADDRESS { 192, 168, 1, 200 }
 
-/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//
-// DEFINE MAC ADDRESS ARRAY FOR ETHERNET COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE
-//
-// Uncomment to use with Ethernet Shields
-//
-// Ethernet Shields do not have have a MAC address in hardware. There may be one on 
-// a sticker on the Shield that you should use. Otherwise choose one of the ones below
-// Be certain that no other device on your network has this same MAC address!
-//
-// 52:b8:8a:8e:ce:21
-// e3:e9:73:e1:db:0d
-// 54:2b:13:52:ac:0c
-
-// NOTE: This is not used with ESP8266 WiFi modules.
-
-//#define MAC_ADDRESS { 0x52, 0xB8, 0x8A, 0x8E, 0xCE, 0x21 }      // MAC address of your networking card found on the sticker on your card or take one from above
-
-// 
-// #define MAC_ADDRESS {  0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xEF }
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
@@ -123,11 +105,10 @@ The configuration file for DCC++ EX Command Station
 // define LCD_DRIVER for I2C LCD address 0x3f,16 cols, 2 rows
 // #define LCD_DRIVER  0x3F,16,2
 
-//OR define OLED_DRIVER width,height in pixels (address auto detected) 
-// This will not work on a UNO due to memory constraints
+//OR define OLED_DRIVER width,height in pixels (address auto detected)
+// 128x32 or 128x64 I2C SSD1306-based devices are supported.
+// Also 132x64 I2C SH1106 devices.
 // #define OLED_DRIVER 128,32
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//
-// Enable warning as memory gets depleted
-#define ENABLE_FREE_MEM_WARNING false
+

defines.h

@@ -21,20 +21,27 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // WIFI_ON: All prereqs for running with WIFI are met
-//
+// Note: WIFI_CHANNEL may not exist in early config.h files so is added here if needed.
 
-#if ENABLE_WIFI && (defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560) || defined(ARDUINO_SAMD_ZERO))
+#if ENABLE_WIFI && (defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560) || defined(ARDUINO_SAMD_ZERO)  || defined(TEENSYDUINO))
 #define WIFI_ON true
+#ifndef WIFI_CHANNEL
+#define WIFI_CHANNEL 1
+#endif
 #else
 #define WIFI_ON false
 #endif
 
-#if ENABLE_ETHERNET && (defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560) || defined(ARDUINO_SAMD_ZERO))
+#if ENABLE_ETHERNET && (defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560) || defined(ARDUINO_SAMD_ZERO) || defined(TEENSYDUINO)) 
 #define ETHERNET_ON true
 #else
 #define ETHERNET_ON false
 #endif
- 
+
+#if WIFI_ON && ETHERNET_ON
+ #error Command Station does not support WIFI and ETHERNET at the same time.
+#endif
+  
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // This defines the speed at which the Arduino will communicate with the ESP8266 module.

examples/advanced/CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
- *  This file is a demonstattion of calling the  DCC-EX API
- */
-
-
-
-#include "DCCEX.h"
-
-#ifdef ARDUINO_AVR_UNO 
-  #include <SoftwareSerial.h>
-  SoftwareSerial Serial1(15,16); // YOU must get these pins correct to use Wifi on a UNO
-  #define WIFI_BAUD 9600
-#else 
-  #define WIFI_BAUD 115200 
-#endif 
- 
-// this code is here to demonstrate use of the DCC API and other techniques
-
-// myFilter is an example of an OPTIONAL command filter used to intercept < > commands from
-// the usb or wifi streamm.  It demonstrates how a command may be intercepted
-//  or even a new command created without having to break open the API library code.
-// The filter is permitted to use or modify the parameter list before passing it on to 
-// the standard parser. By setting the opcode to 0, the standard parser will 
-// just ignore the command on the assumption that you have already handled it.
-//
-// The filter must be enabled by calling the DCC EXParser::setFilter method, see use in setup().
- 
-void myComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int p[]) {
-    (void)stream; // avoid compiler warning if we don't access this parameter
-    switch (opcode) {  
-       case '!': // Create a bespoke new command to clear all loco reminders <!> or specific locos e.g <! 3 4 99>
-             if (paramCount==0) DCC::forgetAllLocos();
-             else for (int i=0;i<paramCount;i++) DCC::forgetLoco(p[i]);            
-             opcode=0;  // tell parser to ignore this command as we have done it already
-             break; 
-       default:  // drop through and parser will use the command unaltered.   
-            break;  
-    }
-}
-
-
-// This is an OPTIONAL example of a HTTP filter...
-// If you have configured wifi and an HTTP request is received on the Wifi connection
-// it will normally be rejected 404 Not Found.
-
-// If you wish to handle HTTP requests, you can create a filter and ask the WifiInterface to
-// call your code for each detected http request.
-   
-void myHttpFilter(Print * stream, byte * cmd) {
-     (void)cmd;  // Avoid compiler warning because this example doesnt use this parameter
-      
-     // BEWARE   - As soon as you start responding, the cmd buffer is trashed!
-     // You must get everything you need from it before using StringFormatter::send!
-       
-     StringFormatter::send(stream,F("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nContent-Type: text/html\nConnnection: close\n\n"));
-     StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<html><body>This is my HTTP filter responding.<br/></body></html>"));    
-} 
-
-// Callback functions are necessary if you call any API that must wait for a response from the 
-// programming track. The API must return immediately otherwise other loop() functions would be blocked.
-// Your callback function will be invoked when the data arrives from the prog track.
-// See the DCC:getLocoId example in the setup function. 
-
-
-void myCallback(int result) {
-  DIAG(F("\n getting Loco Id callback result=%d"),result); 
-}
-
-
-// Create a serial command parser... This is OPTIONAL if you don't need to handle JMRI type commands
-// from the Serial port.
-DCCEXParser  serialParser;
-
-
-// Try monitoring the memory
-#include "freeMemory.h"
-int ramLowWatermark=32767; // This figure gets overwritten dynamically in loop() 
-
-void setup() {
-
-  // The main sketch has responsibilities during setup()
-  
-  // Responsibility 1: Start the usb connection for diagnostics and possible JMRI input
-  // DIAGSERAL is normally Serial but uses SerialUSB on a SAMD processor
-  DIAGSERIAL.begin(115200);
-  while(!DIAGSERIAL);
-  
-   // Responsibility 2: Start the DCC engine.
-   // Note: this provides DCC with two motor drivers, main and prog, which handle the motor shield(s)
-   // Standard supported devices have pre-configured macros but custome hardware installations require 
-   //  detailed pin mappings and may also require modified subclasses of the MotorDriver to implement specialist logic.
-
-   // STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD, POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD, FIREBOX_MK1, FIREBOX_MK1S are pre defined in MotorShields.h
-
-   // Optionally a Timer number (1..4) may be passed to DCC::begin to override the default Timer1 used for the
-   // waveform generation.  e.g.  DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD,2); to use timer 2
-   
-   DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD);
-
-   // Responsibility 3: **Optionally** Start the WiFi interface if required.
-   //   NOTE: On a Uno you will have to provide a SoftwareSerial 
-   //         configured for the pins connected to the Wifi card
-   //         and a 9600 baud rate. 
-   //  setup(serial, F(router name) or NULL, F(router password), F(hostname), F(AcessPoint name) or NULL  , port)
-   //   (port 3532 is 0xDCC decimal.)     
-
-      
-    Serial1.begin(WIFI_BAUD);
-    WifiInterface::setup(Serial1, F("BTHub5-M6PT"), F("49de8d4862"),F("DCCEX"),3532);
-     
-    // Optionally tell the Wifi parser to use my http filter.
-    // This will intercept http commands from Wifi. 
-    WifiInterface::setHTTPCallback(myHttpFilter); 
- 
-   //  This is just for demonstration purposes 
-   DIAG(F("\n===== DCCEX demonstrating DCC::getLocoId() call ==========\n"));
-   DCC::getLocoId(myCallback); // myCallback will be called with the result 
-   DIAG(F("\n===== DCC::getLocoId has returned, but the callback wont be executed until we are in loop() ======\n"));
-   
-   // Optionally tell the command parser to use my example filter.
-   // This will intercept JMRI commands from both USB and Wifi 
-   DCCEXParser::setFilter(myComandFilter);
-
-   
-   DIAG(F("\nReady for JMRI commands\n"));
-   
-}
-
-void loop() {      
-  // The main sketch has responsibilities during loop()
-  
-  // Responsibility 1: Handle DCC background processes
-  //                   (loco reminders and power checks)
-  DCC::loop(); 
-
-  // Responsibility 2: handle any incoming commands on USB connection
-  serialParser.loop(DIAGSERIAL);
-
-  // Responsibility 3: Optionally handle any incoming WiFi traffic
-  WifiInterface::loop();
-
-  // Your additional loop code
-  
-  // Optionally report any decrease in memory (will automatically trigger on first call)
-  int freeNow=freeMemory();
-  if (freeNow<ramLowWatermark) {
-    ramLowWatermark=freeNow;
-    DIAG(F("\nFree RAM=%d\n"),ramLowWatermark);
-  }
-}

examples/basic/CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
- *  This is a basic, no frills DCC-EX example of a DCC++ compatible setup.
- *  There are more advanced examples in the examples folder i
- */
-
-#include "DCCEX.h" 
-
-// Create parser for <> commands coming from keyboard or JMRI on thr USB connection.
-DCCEXParser  serialParser;
-
-void setup() {
-  
-   // Responsibility 1: Start the usb connection for diagnostics and possible JMRI input
-   Serial.begin(115200);
-  
-   // Responsibility 2: Start the DCC engine with information about your Motor Shield.
-   // STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD, POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD, FIREBOX_MK1, FIREBOX_MK1S are pre defined in MotorDriverss.h  
-   DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD);   
-}
-
-void loop() {      
-  // Responsibility 1: Handle DCC background processes (loco reminders and power checks)
-  DCC::loop(); 
-
-  // Responsibility 2: handle any incoming commands on USB connection
-  serialParser.loop(Serial);
-}

examples/basicWifi/CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-/*
- *  © 2020, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
- *  
- *  This file is a demonstattion of setting up a DCC-EX 
- * Command station to support direct connection of WiThrottle devices
- * such as "Engine Driver". If you contriol your layout through JMRI
- * then DON'T connect throttles to this wifi, connect them to JMRI.
- * 
- * This is just 3 statements longer than the basic setup.
- * 
- *  THIS SETUP DOES NOT APPLY TO ARDUINO UNO WITH ONLY A SINGLE SERIAL PORT.
- *  REFER TO SEPARATE EXAMPLE.        
- */
-
-#include "DCCEX.h"
-
-
-
-// Create a serial command parser... Enables certain diagnostics and commands
-// to be issued from the USB serial console 
-// This is NOT intended for JMRI....
-
-DCCEXParser  serialParser;
-
-void setup() {
-
-  // The main sketch has responsibilities during setup()
-  
-  // Responsibility 1: Start the usb connection for diagnostics 
-  // This is normally Serial but uses SerialUSB on a SAMD processor
-  
-  Serial.begin(115200);
-  
-   // Responsibility 3: Start the DCC engine.
-   // Note: this provides DCC with two motor drivers, main and prog, which handle the motor shield(s)
-   // Standard supported devices have pre-configured macros but custome hardware installations require 
-   //  detailed pin mappings and may also require modified subclasses of the MotorDriver to implement specialist logic.
-
-   // STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD, POLOLU_MOTOR_SHIELD, FIREBOX_MK1, FIREBOX_MK1S are pre defined in MotorShields.h
-
-   // Optionally a Timer number (1..4) may be passed to DCC::begin to override the default Timer1 used for the
-   // waveform generation.  e.g.  DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD,2); to use timer 2
-   
-   DCC::begin(STANDARD_MOTOR_SHIELD);
-
-   //  Start the WiFi interface.
-   //  NOTE: References to Serial1 are for the serial port used to connect
-   //        your wifi chip/shield.       
-
-      
-    Serial1.begin(115200);    // BAUD rate of your Wifi chip/shield 
-    WifiInterface::setup(Serial1, 
-          F("BTHub5-M6PT"),   // Router name
-          F("49de8d4862"),    // Router password
-          F("DCCEX"),         // Hostname (ignored by some wifi chip firmware)
-          3532);              // port (3532 is 0xDCC)
-    
-}
-
-void loop() {      
-  // The main sketch has responsibilities during loop()
-  
-  // Responsibility 1: Handle DCC background processes
-  //                   (loco reminders and power checks)
-  DCC::loop(); 
-
-  // Responsibility 2: handle any incoming commands on USB connection
-  serialParser.loop(Serial);
-
-  // Responsibility 3: Optionally handle any incoming WiFi traffic
-  WifiInterface::loop();
-
-}

freeMemory.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2020, Harald Barth
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie
  *  
  *  This file is part of Asbelos DCC-EX
  *
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
+#include <Arduino.h>
 #include "freeMemory.h"
 
 // thanks go to  https://github.com/mpflaga/Arduino-MemoryFree
@@ -30,13 +32,80 @@ extern char *__malloc_heap_start;
 #endif
 
 
-int freeMemory() {
+static volatile int minimum_free_memory = __INT_MAX__;
+
+#if !defined(__IMXRT1062__)
+static inline int freeMemory() {
   char top;
 #if defined(__arm__)
   return &top - reinterpret_cast<char*>(sbrk(0));
 #elif defined(__AVR__)
   return __brkval ? &top - __brkval : &top - __malloc_heap_start;
 #else
-#error bailed out alredy above
+#error bailed out already above
 #endif
 }
+
+// Return low memory value.
+int minimumFreeMemory() {
+  byte sreg_save = SREG;
+  noInterrupts(); // Disable interrupts
+  int retval = minimum_free_memory;
+  SREG = sreg_save; // Restore interrupt state
+  return retval;
+}
+
+#else
+#if defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY40)
+  static const unsigned DTCM_START = 0x20000000UL;
+  static const unsigned OCRAM_START = 0x20200000UL;
+  static const unsigned OCRAM_SIZE = 512;
+  static const unsigned FLASH_SIZE = 1984;
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41)
+  static const unsigned DTCM_START = 0x20000000UL;
+  static const unsigned OCRAM_START = 0x20200000UL;
+  static const unsigned OCRAM_SIZE = 512;
+  static const unsigned FLASH_SIZE = 7936;
+#if TEENSYDUINO>151
+  extern "C" uint8_t external_psram_size;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+static inline int freeMemory() {
+  extern unsigned long _ebss;
+  extern unsigned long _sdata;
+  extern unsigned long _estack;
+  const unsigned DTCM_START = 0x20000000UL;
+  unsigned dtcm = (unsigned)&_estack - DTCM_START;
+  unsigned stackinuse = (unsigned) &_estack -  (unsigned) __builtin_frame_address(0);
+  unsigned varsinuse = (unsigned)&_ebss - (unsigned)&_sdata;
+  unsigned freemem = dtcm - (stackinuse + varsinuse);
+  return freemem;
+}
+
+// Return low memory value.
+int minimumFreeMemory() {
+  //byte sreg_save = SREG;
+  //noInterrupts(); // Disable interrupts
+  int retval = minimum_free_memory;
+  //SREG = sreg_save; // Restore interrupt state
+  return retval;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+// Update low ram level.  Allow for extra bytes to be specified
+// by estimation or inspection, that may be used by other 
+// called subroutines.  Must be called with interrupts disabled.
+// 
+// Although __brkval may go up and down as heap memory is allocated
+// and freed, this function records only the worst case encountered.
+// So even if all of the heap is freed, the reported minimum free 
+// memory will not increase.
+//
+void updateMinimumFreeMemory(unsigned char extraBytes) {
+  int spare = freeMemory()-extraBytes;
+  if (spare < 0) spare = 0;
+  if (spare < minimum_free_memory) minimum_free_memory = spare;
+}
+

freeMemory.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2020, Harald Barth
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie
  *  
  *  This file is part of DCC-EX
  *
@@ -19,5 +20,6 @@
 
 #ifndef freeMemory_h
 #define freeMemory_h
-int freeMemory();
+void updateMinimumFreeMemory(unsigned char extraBytes=0);
+int minimumFreeMemory();
 #endif

objdump.bat

@@ -10,5 +10,7 @@ ECHO ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
 avr-objdump -x -C %ELF% | find ".data" | sort /+25 /R >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
 ECHO ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
 avr-objdump -x -C %ELF% | find ".bss" | sort /+25 /R >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
-notepad %TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
+ECHO ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
+avr-objdump -D -S %ELF%  >>%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
+%TMP%\OBJDUMP_%a%.txt
 EXIT

platformio.ini

@@ -33,13 +33,8 @@ board = megaatmega2560
 framework = arduino
 lib_deps = 
 	${env.lib_deps}
-	DIO2
 	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
 	SPI
-	marcoschwartz/LiquidCrystal_I2C
-	Adafruit/Adafruit_BusIO
-	Adafruit/Adafruit_SSD1306
-	Adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_flags = --echo
 
@@ -49,10 +44,8 @@ board = uno
 framework = arduino
 lib_deps = 
 	${env.lib_deps}
-	DIO2
 	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
 	SPI
-	marcoschwartz/LiquidCrystal_I2C
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_flags = --echo
 
@@ -62,12 +55,11 @@ board = uno_wifi_rev2
 framework = arduino
 lib_deps = 
 	${env.lib_deps}
-	DIO2
 	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
 	SPI
-	marcoschwartz/LiquidCrystal_I2C
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_flags = --echo
+build_flags = "-DF_CPU=16000000L -DARDUINO=10813 -DARDUINO_AVR_UNO_WIFI_DEV_ED -DARDUINO_ARCH_AVR -DESP_CH_UART -DESP_CH_UART_BR=19200"g
 
 [env:uno]
 platform = atmelavr
@@ -75,9 +67,7 @@ board = uno
 framework = arduino
 lib_deps = 
 	${env.lib_deps}
-	DIO2
 	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
 	SPI
-	marcoschwartz/LiquidCrystal_I2C
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_flags = --echo

release_notes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+The DCC-EX Team is pleased to release CommandStation-EX-v3.0.0 as a Production Release.  This release is a major re-write of earlier versions.  We've re-architected the code-base so that it can better handle new features going forward.  
+
+**Known Bugs:**
+ - **Consisting through JMRI** - currently does not work in this release.  You may use the <M> command to do this manually.
+ - **Wi-Fi** - works, but can be challenging to use if you want to switch between AP mode and STA station mode.
+ - **Pololu Motor Shield** - is supported with this release, but the user may have to play around with some timings to enable programming mode due to limitation in its current sensing circuitry 
+
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.7**
+  - **Support for 28 Speed steps** - Option to turn on 28 step speed decoders in addition to 128. If set, all locos will use 28 steps.
+  - **Improved overload messages with raw values (relative to offset)**
+
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.6**
+
+ - **Prevent compiler warning about deprecated B constants**
+ - **Fix Bug that did not let us transmit 5 byte sized packets** - 5 Byte commands like PoM (programming on main) were not being sent correctly
+ - **Huge function numbers (DCC BinaryStateControl)** - Support Functions beyond F28
+ - **<!> ESTOP all** - New command to emergency stop all locos on the main track
+ - **<- [cab]> estop and forget cab/all cabs** - Stop and remove loco from the CS. Stops the repeating throttle messages
+ - **``<D RESET>`` command to reboot arduino**
+ - **Automatic sensor offset detect** -
+ - **Improved startup msgs from Motor Drivers (accuracy and auto sense factors)** -
+ - **Drop post-write verify** - No need to double check CV writes. Writes are now even faster.
+ - **Allow current sene pin set to UNUSED_PIN** - No need to ground an unused analog current pin. Produce startup warning and callback -2 for prog track cmds.
+
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.5**
+ - **Fix Fn Key startup with loco ID and fix state change for F16-28**
+ - removed ethernet mac config and made it automatic
+ - show wifi ip and port on lcd
+ - auto load config.example.h with warningh
+ - dropped example .ino files
+ - corrected .ino comments 
+ - pololu fault pin handling
+ - waveform speed/simplicity improvements
+ - improved pin speed in waveform 
+ - portability to nanoEvery and UnoWifiRev2 CPUs
+ - analog read speed improvements
+ - drop need for DIO2 library
+ - improved current check code
+ - linear <a> command
+ - removed need for ArduinoTimers files
+ - removed <D DCC SLOW> 
+ - Removed option to choose different timer
+ - Added EX-RAIL hooks for later
+ - fixed Turnout list
+ - allow command keywords in mixed case
+ - dropped unused memstream
+ - PWM pin accuracy if requirements met.
+
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.4**
+ - **"Drive-Away" Feature added so that throttles like Engine Driver can allow a loco to be programmed on a usable, electrically isolated programming track and then drive off onto the main track.
+ - **WiFi Startup Fixes**
+ 
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.3**
+ - **<W addr> command to write loco address and clear consist** 
+ - **<R> command will allow for consist address**
+ - **Startup commands implemented**
+ 
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.2:**
+- **Create new output for current in mA for ``<c>`` command** - New current response outputs current in mA, overlimit current, and maximum board capable current
+- **Simultaneously update JMRI to handle new current meter**
+
+**Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.1:**
+ - **Add back fix for jitter**
+ - **Add Turnouts, Outputs and Sensors to ```<s>``` command output**
+
+ **Summary of the key new features added to CommandStation-EX V3.0.0:**
+
+ - **New USB Browser Based Throttle** - WebThrottle-EX is a full front-end to controller to control the CS to run trains.
+ - **WiFi Support** - AP and station modes supported. Auto-detection of an ESP8266 WiFi module with AT firmware on a Mega's serial port. Connection to JMRI and WiThrottle clients.
+ - **Withrottle Integrations** - Act as a host for up to four WiThrottle clients concurrently. 
+ - **Add LCD/OLED support** - OLED supported on Mega only
+ - **Improved CV programming routines** - checks for length of CV pulse, and breaks out of the wait state once it has received an ACK, now reading one CV per second.
+ - **Improved current sensing** - rewrote current sensing routines for safer operation. Current thresholds based on milliamps, not magic numbers
+ - **Individual track power control** - Ability to toggle power on either or both tracks, and to "JOIN" the tracks and make them output the same waveform for multiple power districts.
+ - **Single or Dual-Pin PWM output** - Allows control of H-bridges with PH/EN or dual PWM inputs
+ - **New, simpler function command** - ```<F>``` command allows setting functions based on their number, not based on a code as in ```<f>```
+ - **Function reminders** - Function reminders are sent in addition to speed reminders
+ - **Functions to F28** - All NMRA functions are now supported
+ - **Filters and user functions** - Ability to filter commands in the parser and execute custom code based on them. (ex: Redirect Turnout commands via NRF24)
+ - **Diagnostic ```<D>``` commands** - See documentation for a full list of new diagnostic commands
+ - **Rewrote DCC++ Parser** - more efficient operation, accepts multi-char input and uses less RAM
+ - **Rewritten waveform generator** - capable of using any pin for DCC waveform out, eliminating the need for jumpers
+ - **Rewritten packet generator** - Simplify and make smaller, remove idea of "registers" from original code
+ - **Add free RAM messages** - Free RAM messages are now printed whenever there is a decerase in available RAM
+ - **Fix EEPROM bugs**
+ - **Number of locos discovery command** - ```<#>``` command 
+ - **Support for more locomotives** - 20 locomotives on an UNO and 50 an a Mega.
+ - **Automatic slot managment** - slot variable in throttle/function commands are ignored and slot management is taken care of automatically. ```<!>``` command added to release locos from memory.
+
+
+**Key Contributors**
+
+**Project Lead**
+- Fred Decker - Holly Springs, North Carolina, USA (FlightRisk)
+
+**CommandStation-EX Developers**
+- Chris Harlow - Bournemouth, UK (UKBloke)
+- Harald Barth - Stockholm, Sweden (Haba)
+- Neil McKechnie - Worcestershire, UK (NeilMck)
+- Fred Decker - Holly Springs, North Carolina, USA (FlightRisk)
+- Dave Cutting - Logan, Utah, USA (Dave Cutting/ David Cutting)
+- M Steve Todd - - Engine Driver and JMRI Interface
+- Scott Catalanno - Pennsylvania
+- Gregor Baues - Île-de-France, France (grbba)
+
+**exInstaller Software**
+- Anthony W - Dayton, Ohio, USA (Dex, Dex++)
+
+**Website and Documentation**
+- Mani Kumar - Bangalor, India (Mani / Mani Kumar)
+- Fred Decker - Holly Springs, North Carolina, USA (FlightRisk)
+- Dave Cutting - Logan, Utah, USA (Dave Cutting/ David Cutting)
+- Roger Beschizza - Dorset, UK (Roger Beschizza)
+- Keith Ledbetter - Chicago, Illinois, USA (Keith Ledbetter)
+- Kevin Smith - (KCSmith)
+
+**WebThrotle-EX**
+- Fred Decker - Holly Springs, NC (FlightRisk/FrightRisk)
+- Mani Kumar - Bangalor, India (Mani /Mani Kumar)
+- Matt H - Somewhere in Europe
+
+
+
+**Beta Testing / Release Management / Support**
+- Larry Dribin	- Release Management
+- Keith Ledbetter	
+- BradVan der Elst	
+- Andrew Pye	
+- Mike Bowers	
+- Randy McKenzie
+- Roberto Bravin
+- Sim Brigden
+- Alan Lautenslager
+- Martin Bafver	
+- Mário André Silva	
+- Anthony Kochevar	
+- Gajanatha Kobbekaduwe	
+- Sumner Patterson 
+- Paul - Virginia, USA

version.h

@@ -3,8 +3,17 @@
 
 #include "StringFormatter.h"
 
-// const char VERSION[] PROGMEM ="0.2.0";
-#define VERSION "3.0.3"
+#define VERSION "3.0.11"
+// 3.0.10 Teensy Support
+// 3.0.9 rearranges serial newlines for the benefit of JMRI.
+// 3.0.8 Includes <* *> wraps around DIAGs for the benefit of JMRI.
+// 3.0.7 Includes merge from assortedBits (many changes) and ACK manager change for lazy decoders
+// 3.0.6 Includes:
+// Fix Bug that did not let us transmit 5 byte sized packets like PoM
+// 3.0.5 Includes:
+// Fix Fn Key startup with loco ID and fix state change for F16-28
+// 3.0.4 Includes:
+// Wifi startup bugfixes
 // 3.0.3 Includes:
 //  <W addr> command to write loco address and clear consist 
 //  <R> command will allow for consist address