Merge branch 'devel' into devel_chris

This reverts commit 23845f2df2, reversing
changes made to 76755993f1.

CommandDistributor.cpp

@@ -310,6 +310,11 @@ void CommandDistributor::broadcastRaw(clientType type, char * msg) {
   broadcastReply(type, F("%s"),msg);
 }
 
+void CommandDistributor::broadcastMessage(char * message) {
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<m \"%s\">\n"),message);
+  broadcastReply(WITHROTTLE_TYPE, F("Hm%s\n"),message);
+}
+
 void CommandDistributor::broadcastTrackState(const FSH* format, byte trackLetter, const FSH *modename, int16_t dcAddr) {
   broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, format, trackLetter, modename, dcAddr);
 }

CommandDistributor.h

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ public :
   static void forget(byte clientId);
   static void broadcastRouteState(uint16_t routeId,byte state);
   static void broadcastRouteCaption(uint16_t routeId,const FSH * caption);
+  static void broadcastMessage(char * message);
   
   // Handling code for virtual LCD receiver.
   static Print * getVirtualLCDSerial(byte screen, byte row);

CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@
 #ifdef EXRAIL_WARNING
 #warning You have myAutomation.h but your hardware has not enough memory to do that, so EX-RAIL DISABLED
 #endif
+// compile time check, passwords 1 to 7 chars do not work, so do not try to compile with them at all
+// remember trailing '\0', sizeof("") == 1.
+#define PASSWDCHECK(S) static_assert(sizeof(S) == 1 || sizeof(S) > 8, "Password shorter than 8 chars")
 
 void setup()
 {
@@ -102,10 +105,12 @@ void setup()
   // Start Ethernet if it exists
 #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
 #if WIFI_ON
+  PASSWDCHECK(WIFI_PASSWORD); // compile time check
   WifiInterface::setup(WIFI_SERIAL_LINK_SPEED, F(WIFI_SSID), F(WIFI_PASSWORD), F(WIFI_HOSTNAME), IP_PORT, WIFI_CHANNEL, WIFI_FORCE_AP);
 #endif // WIFI_ON
 #else
   // ESP32 needs wifi on always
+  PASSWDCHECK(WIFI_PASSWORD); // compile time check
   WifiESP::setup(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD, WIFI_HOSTNAME, IP_PORT, WIFI_CHANNEL, WIFI_FORCE_AP);
 #endif // ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
 

DCC.cpp

@@ -153,6 +153,22 @@ uint8_t DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(int cab) {
   return speedTable[reg].speedCode;
 }
 
+// returns 0 to 7 for frequency
+uint8_t DCC::getThrottleFrequency(int cab) {
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
+  (void)cab;
+  return 0;
+#else
+  int reg=lookupSpeedTable(cab);
+  if (reg<0)
+    return 0; // use default frequency
+  // shift out first 29 bits so we have the 3 "frequency bits" left
+  uint8_t res = (uint8_t)(speedTable[reg].functions >>29);
+  //DIAG(F("Speed table %d functions %l shifted %d"), reg, speedTable[reg].functions, res);
+  return res;
+#endif
+}
+
 // returns direction on loco
 // or true/forward on "loco not found"
 bool DCC::getThrottleDirection(int cab) {
@@ -183,43 +199,55 @@ bool DCC::setFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber, bool on) {
        b[nB++] = functionNumber >>7 ;  // high order bits
     }
     DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 4);
-    return true;
   }
-
+  // We use the reminder table up to 28 for normal functions.
+  // We use 29 to 31 for DC frequency as well so up to 28
+  // are "real" functions and 29 to 31 are frequency bits
+  // controlled by function buttons
+  if (functionNumber > 31)
+    return true;
+  
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg<0) return false;
 
   // Take care of functions:
   // Set state of function
-  unsigned long previous=speedTable[reg].functions;
-  unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
+  uint32_t previous=speedTable[reg].functions;
+  uint32_t funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   if (on) {
       speedTable[reg].functions |= funcmask;
   } else {
       speedTable[reg].functions &= ~funcmask;
   }
   if (speedTable[reg].functions != previous) {
-    updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+    if (functionNumber <= 28)
+      updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
     CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(reg);
   }
   return true;
 }
 
-// Flip function state
+// Flip function state (used from withrottle protocol)
 void DCC::changeFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
-  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>28) return;
+  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>31) return;
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg<0) return;
   unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   speedTable[reg].functions ^= funcmask;
-  updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+  if (functionNumber <= 28) {
+    updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+  }
   CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(reg);
 }
 
-int DCC::getFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
-  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>28) return -1;  // unknown
+// Report function state (used from withrottle protocol)
+// returns 0 false, 1 true or -1 for do not know
+int8_t DCC::getFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
+  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>31)
+    return -1;  // unknown
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
-  if (reg<0) return -1;
+  if (reg<0)
+    return -1;
 
   unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   return  (speedTable[reg].functions & funcmask)? 1 : 0;
@@ -278,6 +306,57 @@ void DCC::setAccessory(int address, byte port, bool gate, byte onoff /*= 2*/) {
   }
 }
 
+bool DCC::setExtendedAccessory(int16_t address, int16_t value, byte repeats) {
+
+/* From https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/s-9.2.1_2012_07.pdf
+
+The Extended Accessory Decoder Control Packet is included for the purpose of transmitting aspect control to signal 
+decoders or data bytes to more complex accessory decoders. Each signal head can display one aspect at a time. 
+{preamble} 0 10AAAAAA 0 0AAA0AA1 0 000XXXXX 0 EEEEEEEE 1
+
+XXXXX is for a single head. A value of 00000 for XXXXX indicates the absolute stop aspect. All other aspects 
+represented by the values for XXXXX are determined by the signaling system used and the prototype being 
+modeled.
+
+From https://normen.railcommunity.de/RCN-213.pdf:
+
+More information is in RCN-213 about how the address bits are organized.
+preamble -0- 1 0 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 -0- 0 ^A10 ^A9 ^A8 0 A1 A0 1 -0- ....
+
+Thus in byte packet form the format is 10AAAAAA, 0AAA0AA1, 000XXXXX
+
+Die Adresse f<>r den ersten erweiterten Zubeh<65>rdecoder ist wie bei den einfachen
+Zubeh<EFBFBD>rdecodern die Adresse 4 = 1000-0001 0111-0001 . Diese Adresse wird in
+Anwenderdialogen als Adresse 1 dargestellt.
+
+This means that the first address shown to the user as "1" is mapped
+to internal address 4.
+
+Note that the Basic accessory format mentions "By convention these
+bits (bits 4-6 of the second data byte) are in ones complement" but
+this note is absent from the advanced packet description. The
+english translation does not mention that the address format for
+the advanced packet follows the one for the basic packet but
+according to the RCN-213 this is the case.
+
+We allow for addresses from -3 to 2047-3 as that allows to address the
+whole range of the 11 bits sent to track.
+*/
+  if ((address > 2044) || (address < -3)) return false; // 2047-3, 11 bits but offset 3
+  if (value != (value & 0x1F)) return false;            // 5 bits
+
+  address+=3;                        // +3 offset according to RCN-213
+  byte b[3];
+  b[0]= 0x80                         // bits always on
+    | ((address>>2) & 0x3F);         // shift out 2, mask out used bits
+  b[1]= 0x01                         // bits always on
+    | (((~(address>>8)) & 0x07)<<4)  // shift out 8, invert, mask 3 bits, shift up 4
+    | ((address & 0x03)<<1);         // mask 2 bits, shift up 1
+  b[2]=value;
+  DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, sizeof(b), repeats);
+  return true;
+}
+
 //
 // writeCVByteMain: Write a byte with PoM on main. This writes
 // the 5 byte sized packet to implement this DCC function
@@ -421,6 +500,36 @@ const ackOp FLASH READ_CV_PROG[] = {
 
 const ackOp FLASH LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
+      // first check cv20 for extended addressing
+      SETCV, (ackOp)20,     // CV 19 is extended
+      SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
+      VB, WACK, ITSKIP,     // skip past extended section if cv20 is zero
+      // read cv20 and 19 and merge 
+      STARTMERGE,           // Setup to read cv 20
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      VB, WACK, NAKSKIP, // bad read of cv20, assume its 0 
+      STASHLOCOID,   // keep cv 20 until we have cv19 as well.
+      SETCV, (ackOp)19, 
+      STARTMERGE,           // Setup to read cv 19
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      V0, WACK, MERGE,
+      VB, WACK, NAKFAIL,  // cant recover if cv 19 unreadable
+      COMBINE1920,  // Combile byte with stash and callback
+// end of advanced 20,19 check
+      SKIPTARGET,
       SETCV, (ackOp)19,     // CV 19 is consist setting
       SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
       VB, WACK, ITSKIP,     // ignore consist if cv19 is zero (no consist)
@@ -487,6 +596,10 @@ const ackOp FLASH LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
 
 const ackOp FLASH SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
+      // Clear consist CV 19,20
+      SETCV,(ackOp)20,
+      SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
+      WB,WACK,     // ignore dedcoder without cv20 support
       SETCV,(ackOp)19,
       SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
       WB,WACK,     // ignore dedcoder without cv19 support
@@ -502,9 +615,25 @@ const ackOp FLASH SHORT_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       CALLFAIL
 };
 
+// for CONSIST_ID_PROG the 20,19 values are already calculated
+const ackOp FLASH CONSIST_ID_PROG[] = {
+      BASELINE,
+      SETCV,(ackOp)20,
+      SETBYTEH,    // high byte to CV 20
+      WB,WACK,     // ignore dedcoder without cv20 support
+      SETCV,(ackOp)19,
+      SETBYTEL,   // low byte of word
+      WB,WACK,ITC1,   // If ACK, we are done - callback(1) means Ok
+      VB,WACK,ITC1,   // Some decoders do not ack and need verify
+      CALLFAIL
+};
+
 const ackOp FLASH LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG[] = {
       BASELINE,
-      // Clear consist CV 19
+      // Clear consist CV 19,20
+      SETCV,(ackOp)20,
+      SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
+      WB,WACK,     // ignore dedcoder without cv20 support
       SETCV,(ackOp)19,
       SETBYTE, (ackOp)0,
       WB,WACK,     // ignore decoder without cv19 support
@@ -573,6 +702,26 @@ void DCC::setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
       DCCACK::Setup(id | 0xc000,LONG_LOCO_ID_PROG, callback);
 }
 
+void DCC::setConsistId(int id,bool reverse,ACK_CALLBACK callback) {
+  if (id<0 || id>10239) { //0x27FF according to standard
+    callback(-1);
+    return;
+  }
+  byte cv20;
+  byte cv19;
+
+  if (id<=HIGHEST_SHORT_ADDR) {
+    cv19=id;
+    cv20=0;
+  }
+  else {
+    cv20=id/100;
+    cv19=id%100;
+  }
+  if (reverse) cv19|=0x80;
+  DCCACK::Setup((cv20<<8)|cv19, CONSIST_ID_PROG, callback);
+}
+
 void DCC::forgetLoco(int cab) {  // removes any speed reminders for this loco
   setThrottle2(cab,1); // ESTOP this loco if still on track
   int reg=lookupSpeedTable(cab, false);

DCC.h

@@ -61,16 +61,18 @@ public:
   static void setThrottle(uint16_t cab, uint8_t tSpeed, bool tDirection);
   static int8_t getThrottleSpeed(int cab);
   static uint8_t getThrottleSpeedByte(int cab);
+  static uint8_t getThrottleFrequency(int cab);
   static bool getThrottleDirection(int cab);
   static void writeCVByteMain(int cab, int cv, byte bValue);
   static void writeCVBitMain(int cab, int cv, byte bNum, bool bValue);
   static void setFunction(int cab, byte fByte, byte eByte);
   static bool setFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber, bool on);
   static void changeFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
-  static int  getFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
+  static int8_t getFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
   static uint32_t getFunctionMap(int cab);
   static void updateGroupflags(byte &flags, int16_t functionNumber);
   static void setAccessory(int address, byte port, bool gate, byte onoff = 2);
+  static bool setExtendedAccessory(int16_t address, int16_t value, byte repeats=3);
   static bool writeTextPacket(byte *b, int nBytes);
   
   // ACKable progtrack calls  bitresults callback 0,0 or -1, cv returns value or -1
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ public:
 
   static void getLocoId(ACK_CALLBACK callback);
   static void setLocoId(int id,ACK_CALLBACK callback);
-
+  static void setConsistId(int id,bool reverse,ACK_CALLBACK callback);
   // Enhanced API functions
   static void forgetLoco(int cab); // removes any speed reminders for this loco
   static void forgetAllLocos();    // removes all speed reminders
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ public:
     int loco;
     byte speedCode;
     byte groupFlags;
-    unsigned long functions;
+    uint32_t functions;
   };
  static LOCO speedTable[MAX_LOCOS];
  static int lookupSpeedTable(int locoId, bool autoCreate=true);

DCCACK.cpp

@@ -314,6 +314,14 @@ void DCCACK::loop() {
           callback( LONG_ADDR_MARKER | ( ackManagerByte + ((ackManagerStash - 192) << 8)));
           return;
 
+     case COMBINE1920:
+          // ackManagerStash is  cv20, ackManagerByte is CV 19
+          // This will not be called if cv20==0
+          ackManagerByte &= 0x7F;  // ignore direction marker
+          ackManagerByte %=100;    // take last 2 decimal digits 
+          callback( ackManagerStash*100+ackManagerByte);
+          return;
+
      case ITSKIP:
           if (!ackReceived) break;
           // SKIP opcodes until SKIPTARGET found
@@ -322,6 +330,15 @@ void DCCACK::loop() {
             opcode=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
           }
           break;
+
+     case NAKSKIP:
+          if (ackReceived) break;
+          // SKIP opcodes until SKIPTARGET found
+          while (opcode!=SKIPTARGET) {
+            ackManagerProg++;
+            opcode=GETFLASH(ackManagerProg);
+          }
+          break;
      case SKIPTARGET:
           break;
      default:

DCCACK.h

@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ enum ackOp : byte
   STASHLOCOID,      // keeps current byte value for later
   COMBINELOCOID,    // combines current value with stashed value and returns it
   ITSKIP,           // skip to SKIPTARGET if ack true
+  NAKSKIP,          // skip to SKIPTARGET if ack false
+  COMBINE1920,      // combine cvs 19 and 20 and callback
   SKIPTARGET = 0xFF // jump to target
 };
 

DCCEX.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "CommandDistributor.h"
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #include "DCCTimer.h"    
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 #include "EXRAIL.h"
     
 #endif

DCCEXParser.cpp

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
   0, Track power off
   1, Track power on
   a, DCC accessory control
-  A,
+  A, DCC extended accessory control
   b, Write CV bit on main
   B, Write CV bit
   c, Request current command
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
   K, Reserved for future use - Potentially Railcom
   l, Loco speedbyte/function map broadcast
   L, Reserved for LCC interface (implemented in EXRAIL)
-  m,
+  m, message to throttles broadcast 
   M, Write DCC packet
   n,
   N,
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
 #include "EXRAIL2.h"
 #include "Turntables.h"
 #include "version.h"
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 
 // This macro can't be created easily as a portable function because the
 // flashlist requires a far pointer for high flash access. 
@@ -126,57 +127,6 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
         StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d"),value);	\
     }                                   
 
-
-// These keywords are used in the <1> command. The number is what you get if you use the keyword as a parameter.
-// To discover new keyword numbers , use the <$ YOURKEYWORD> command
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CABS = -11981;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RAM = 25982;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CMD = 9962;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ACK = 3113;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DCC = 6436;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN = -30750;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST = -6353;
-#endif
-#ifndef DISABLE_EEPROM
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM = -7168;
-#endif
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT = 27413;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAX = 16244;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MIN = 15978;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESET = 26133;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RETRY = 25704;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28 = -17064;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128 = 25816;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO=27709;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_TT=2688;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_VPIN=-415;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_A='A';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_C='C';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_G='G';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_H='H';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_I='I';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_M='M';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_O='O';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_P='P';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_R='R';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_T='T';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_X='X';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LCN = 15137;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_HAL = 10853;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SHOW = -21309;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ANIN = -10424;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ANOUT = -26399;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI = -5583;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET = -30767;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIT = 31594;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXTT = 8573;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ADD = 3201;
-
 int16_t DCCEXParser::stashP[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
 bool DCCEXParser::stashBusy;
 Print *DCCEXParser::stashStream = NULL;
@@ -333,25 +283,22 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
         return; // filterCallback asked us to ignore
     case 't':   // THROTTLE <t [REGISTER] CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
     {
-        if (params==1) {  // <t cab>  display state
-        
-        int16_t slot=DCC::lookupSpeedTable(p[0],false);
-        if (slot>=0) {
-            DCC::LOCO * sp=&DCC::speedTable[slot];
-            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d %d %d %l>\n"),
-			sp->loco,slot,sp->speedCode,sp->functions);
-            }
-        else // send dummy state speed 0 fwd no functions. 
-            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d -1 128 0>\n"),p[0]);
-        return; 
-        }
-        
         int16_t cab;
         int16_t tspeed;
         int16_t direction;
-        
+
+        if (params==1) {  // <t cab>  display state
+	  int16_t slot=DCC::lookupSpeedTable(p[0],false);
+	  if (slot>=0)
+	    CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(slot);
+	  else // send dummy state speed 0 fwd no functions.
+            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d -1 128 0>\n"),p[0]);
+	  return;
+        }
+
         if (params == 4)
         { // <t REGISTER CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
+	    // ignore register p[0]
             cab = p[1];
             tspeed = p[2];
             direction = p[3];
@@ -434,6 +381,13 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 #endif
         }
         return;
+    
+    case 'A': // EXTENDED ACCESSORY <A address value> 
+        // Note: if this happens to match a defined EXRAIL 
+        // DCCX_SIGNAL, then EXRAIL will have intercepted
+        // this command alrerady.   
+        if (params==2 && DCC::setExtendedAccessory(p[0],p[1])) return;
+        break;
      
     case 'T': // TURNOUT  <T ...>
         if (parseT(stream, params, p))
@@ -504,6 +458,9 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
             DCC::setLocoId(p[0],callback_Wloco);
         else if (params == 4)  // WRITE CV ON PROG <W CV VALUE [CALLBACKNUM] [CALLBACKSUB]>
             DCC::writeCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_W4);
+        else if ((params==2 || params==3 ) && p[0]=="CONSIST"_hk ) {
+            DCC::setConsistId(p[1],p[2]=="REVERSE"_hk,callback_Wconsist);
+        }    
         else if (params == 2)  // WRITE CV ON PROG <W CV VALUE>
             DCC::writeCVByte(p[0], p[1], callback_W);
 	else
@@ -567,20 +524,20 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 	    TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_ALL, POWERMODE::ON);
 	  }
 	  if (params==1) {
-	    if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) { // <1 MAIN>
+	    if (p[0]=="MAIN"_hk) { // <1 MAIN>
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN, POWERMODE::ON);
             }
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-            else if (p[0] == HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN) {  // <1 JOIN>
+            else if (p[0] == "JOIN"_hk) {  // <1 JOIN>
 	      TrackManager::setJoin(true);
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::ON);
             }
-            else if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) { // <1 PROG>
+            else if (p[0]=="PROG"_hk) { // <1 PROG>
 	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::ON);
             }
 #endif
-            else if (p[0] >= HASH_KEYWORD_A && p[0] <= HASH_KEYWORD_H) { // <1 A-H>
+            else if (p[0] >= "A"_hk && p[0] <= "H"_hk) { // <1 A-H>
 	      byte t = (p[0] - 'A');
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::ON, t);
 	      //StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p1 %c>\n"), t+'A');
@@ -600,17 +557,17 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 	    TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_ALL, POWERMODE::OFF);
 	  }
 	  if (params==1) {
-	    if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) { // <0 MAIN>
+	    if (p[0]=="MAIN"_hk) { // <0 MAIN>
 	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN, POWERMODE::OFF);
 	    }
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-            else if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) { // <0 PROG>
+            else if (p[0]=="PROG"_hk) { // <0 PROG>
 	      TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=false;  // Prog track boost mode will not outlive prog track off
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::OFF);
             }
 #endif
-	    else if (p[0] >= HASH_KEYWORD_A && p[0] <= HASH_KEYWORD_H) { // <1 A-H>
+	    else if (p[0] >= "A"_hk && p[0] <= "H"_hk) { // <1 A-H>
 	      byte t = (p[0] - 'A');
 	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
 	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::OFF, t);
@@ -625,12 +582,13 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
         DCC::setThrottle(0,1,1); // this broadcasts speed 1(estop) and sets all reminders to speed 1.
         return;
 
+#ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
     case 'c': // SEND METER RESPONSES <c>
         // No longer useful because of multiple tracks See <JG> and <JI>
         if (params>0) break;
         TrackManager::reportObsoleteCurrent(stream);
         return;
-
+#endif
     case 'Q': // SENSORS <Q>
         Sensor::printAll(stream);
         return;
@@ -704,7 +662,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
             //if ((params<1) | (params>2)) break; // <J>
             int16_t id=(params==2)?p[1]:0;
             switch(p[0]) {
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_C: // <JC mmmm nn> sets time and speed
+                case "C"_hk: // <JC mmmm nn> sets time and speed
                     if (params==1) { // <JC> returns latest time
                         int16_t x = CommandDistributor::retClockTime();
                         StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jC %d>\n"), x);
@@ -713,28 +671,28 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                     CommandDistributor::setClockTime(p[1], p[2], 1);
                     return;
                 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_G: // <JG> current gauge limits
+                case "G"_hk: // <JG> current gauge limits
                     if (params>1) break;
                     TrackManager::reportGauges(stream);   // <g limit...limit>     
                     return;
                 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_I: // <JI> current values
+                case "I"_hk: // <JI> current values
                     if (params>1) break;
                     TrackManager::reportCurrent(stream);   // <g limit...limit>     
                     return;
 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_A: // <JA> intercepted by EXRAIL// <JA> returns automations/routes
+                case "A"_hk: // <JA> intercepted by EXRAIL// <JA> returns automations/routes
                     if (params!=1) break; // <JA>
                     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jA>\n"));
                     return;
  
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_M: // <JM> intercepted by EXRAIL
+                case "M"_hk: // <JM> intercepted by EXRAIL
                     if (params>1) break; // invalid cant do
                     // <JM> requests stash size so say none.
                     StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jM 0>\n")); 
                     return;
  
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_R: // <JR> returns rosters 
+            case "R"_hk: // <JR> returns rosters 
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jR"));
 #ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
                 if (params==1) {
@@ -753,7 +711,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 #endif          
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F(">\n"));      
                 return; 
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_T: // <JT> returns turnout list 
+            case "T"_hk: // <JT> returns turnout list 
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jT"));
                 if (params==1) { // <JT>
                     for ( Turnout * t=Turnout::first(); t; t=t->next()) { 
@@ -780,7 +738,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                 return;
 // No turntables without HAL support
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_O: // <JO returns turntable list
+            case "O"_hk: // <JO returns turntable list
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jO"));
                 if (params==1) { // <JO>
                     for (Turntable * tto=Turntable::first(); tto; tto=tto->next()) { 
@@ -805,7 +763,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                     }
                 }
                 return;
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_P: // <JP id> returns turntable position list for the turntable id
+            case "P"_hk: // <JP id> returns turntable position list for the turntable id
                 if (params==2) { // <JP id>
                     Turntable *tto=Turntable::get(id);
                     if (!tto || tto->isHidden()) {
@@ -842,6 +800,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
         break;
 #endif
 
+    case '/': // implemented in EXRAIL parser
     case 'L': // LCC interface implemented in EXRAIL parser
         break; // Will <X> if not intercepted by EXRAIL 
 
@@ -972,14 +931,14 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
           switch (p[1]) {
             // Turnout messages use 1=throw, 0=close.
             case 0:
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_C:
+            case "C"_hk:
               state = true;
               break;
             case 1:
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_T:
+            case "T"_hk:
               state= false;
               break;
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_X:
+            case "X"_hk:
 	    {
               Turnout *tt = Turnout::get(p[0]);
               if (tt) {
@@ -996,14 +955,14 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
         }
 
     default: // Anything else is some kind of turnout create function.
-      if (params == 6 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO) { // <T id SERVO n n n n>
+      if (params == 6 && p[1] == "SERVO"_hk) { // <T id SERVO n n n n>
         if (!ServoTurnout::create(p[0], (VPIN)p[2], (uint16_t)p[3], (uint16_t)p[4], (uint8_t)p[5]))
           return false;
       } else 
-      if (params == 3 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_VPIN) { // <T id VPIN n>
+      if (params == 3 && p[1] == "VPIN"_hk) { // <T id VPIN n>
         if (!VpinTurnout::create(p[0], p[2])) return false;
       } else 
-      if (params >= 3 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_DCC) {
+      if (params >= 3 && p[1] == "DCC"_hk) {
         // <T id DCC addr subadd>   0<=addr<=511, 0<=subadd<=3 (like <a> command).<T>
         if (params==4 && p[2]>=0 && p[2]<512 && p[3]>=0 && p[3]<4) { // <T id DCC n m>
           if (!DCCTurnout::create(p[0], p[2], p[3])) return false;
@@ -1069,41 +1028,66 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseC(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]) {
     switch (p[0])
     {
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST:
+    case "PROGBOOST"_hk:
         TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=true;
 	    return true;
 #endif
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_RESET:
+    case "RESET"_hk:
         DCCTimer::reset();
         break; // and <X> if we didnt restart
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28:
+    case "SPEED28"_hk:
         DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(28);
 	DIAG(F("28 Speedsteps"));
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128:
+    case "SPEED128"_hk:
         DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(128);
 	DIAG(F("128 Speedsteps"));
         return true;
-
+#if defined(HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY) && !defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_UNO)
+    case "RAILCOM"_hk:
+        {   // <C RAILCOM ON|OFF|DEBUG >
+            if (params<2) return false;
+            bool on=false;
+            bool debug=false;
+            switch (p[1]) {
+                case "ON"_hk:
+                case 1:
+                    on=true;
+                    break;
+                case "DEBUG"_hk:
+                    on=true;
+                    debug=true;
+                    break;
+                case "OFF"_hk:
+                case 0:
+                     break;
+                default:
+                 return false;
+            }              
+        DIAG(F("Railcom %S")
+            ,DCCWaveform::setRailcom(on,debug)?F("ON"):F("OFF"));
+        return true;     
+        }
+#endif
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ACK: // <D ACK ON/OFF> <D ACK [LIMIT|MIN|MAX|RETRY] Value>
+    case "ACK"_hk: // <D ACK ON/OFF> <D ACK [LIMIT|MIN|MAX|RETRY] Value>
 	if (params >= 3) {
-	    if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT) {
+	    if (p[1] == "LIMIT"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setAckLimit(p[2]);
 	      LCD(1, F("Ack Limit=%dmA"), p[2]);  // <D ACK LIMIT 42>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MIN) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "MIN"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setMinAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Min=%uus"), p[2]);  //   <D ACK MIN 1500>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MAX) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "MAX"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setMaxAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Max=%uus"), p[2]);  //   <D ACK MAX 9000>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_RETRY) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "RETRY"_hk) {
 	      if (p[2] >255) p[2]=3;
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Retry=%d Sum=%d"), p[2], DCCACK::setAckRetry(p[2]));  //   <D ACK RETRY 2>
 	    }
 	} else {
-      bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_ON); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
+      bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == "ON"_hk); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
     
 	  DIAG(F("Ack diag %S"), onOff ? F("on") : F("off"));
 	  Diag::ACK = onOff;
@@ -1121,66 +1105,66 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
     if (params == 0)
         return false;
-    bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_ON); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
+    bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == "ON"_hk); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
     switch (p[0])
     {
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_CABS: // <D CABS>
+    case "CABS"_hk: // <D CABS>
         DCC::displayCabList(stream);
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_RAM: // <D RAM>
+    case "RAM"_hk: // <D RAM>
         DIAG(F("Free memory=%d"), DCCTimer::getMinimumFreeMemory());
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_CMD: // <D CMD ON/OFF>
+    case "CMD"_hk: // <D CMD ON/OFF>
         Diag::CMD = onOff;
         return true;
 
 #ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI: // <D WIFI ON/OFF>
+    case "WIFI"_hk: // <D WIFI ON/OFF>
         Diag::WIFI = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET: // <D ETHERNET ON/OFF>
+    case "ETHERNET"_hk: // <D ETHERNET ON/OFF>
         Diag::ETHERNET = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_WIT: // <D WIT ON/OFF>
+    case "WIT"_hk: // <D WIT ON/OFF>
         Diag::WITHROTTLE = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_LCN: // <D LCN ON/OFF>
+    case "LCN"_hk: // <D LCN ON/OFF>
         Diag::LCN = onOff;
         return true;
 #endif
 #ifndef DISABLE_EEPROM
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM: // <D EEPROM NumEntries>
+    case "EEPROM"_hk: // <D EEPROM NumEntries>
 	if (params >= 2)
 	    EEStore::dump(p[1]);
 	return true;
 #endif
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO:  // <D SERVO vpin position [profile]>
+    case "SERVO"_hk:  // <D SERVO vpin position [profile]>
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ANOUT:  // <D ANOUT vpin position [profile]>
+    case "ANOUT"_hk:  // <D ANOUT vpin position [profile]>
         IODevice::writeAnalogue(p[1], p[2], params>3 ? p[3] : 0);
-        break;
+        return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ANIN:   // <D ANIN vpin>  Display analogue input value
+    case "ANIN"_hk:   // <D ANIN vpin>  Display analogue input value
         DIAG(F("VPIN=%u value=%d"), p[1], IODevice::readAnalogue(p[1]));
-        break;
+        return true;
 
 #if !defined(IO_NO_HAL)
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_HAL: 
-        if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_SHOW) 
+    case "HAL"_hk: 
+        if (p[1] == "SHOW"_hk) 
           IODevice::DumpAll();
-        else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_RESET)
+        else if (p[1] == "RESET"_hk)
           IODevice::reset();
-        break;
+        return true;
 #endif
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_TT:     // <D TT vpin steps activity>
+    case "TT"_hk:     // <D TT vpin steps activity>
         IODevice::writeAnalogue(p[1], p[2], params>3 ? p[3] : 0);
-        break;
+        return true;
 
     default: // invalid/unknown
         return parseC(stream, params, p);
@@ -1232,7 +1216,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 3: // <I id position activity> | <I id DCC home> - rotate to position for EX-Turntable or create DCC turntable
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_DCC) {
+            if (p[1] == "DCC"_hk) {
                 if (tto || p[2] < 0 || p[2] > 3600) return false;
                 if (!DCCTurntable::create(p[0])) return false;
                 Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
@@ -1249,7 +1233,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 4: // <I id EXTT vpin home> create an EXTT turntable
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_EXTT) {
+            if (p[1] == "EXTT"_hk) {
                 if (tto || p[3] < 0 || p[3] > 3600) return false;
                 if (!EXTTTurntable::create(p[0], (VPIN)p[2])) return false;
                 Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
@@ -1264,7 +1248,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 5: // <I id ADD position value angle> add a position
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_ADD) {
+            if (p[1] == "ADD"_hk) {
                 // tto must exist, no more than 48 positions, angle 0 - 3600
                 if (!tto || p[2] > 48 || p[4] < 0 || p[4] > 3600) return false;
                 tto->addPosition(p[2], p[3], p[4]);
@@ -1367,3 +1351,11 @@ void DCCEXParser::callback_Wloco(int16_t result)
     StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<w %d>\n"), result);
     commitAsyncReplyStream();
 }
+
+void DCCEXParser::callback_Wconsist(int16_t result)
+{
+    if (result==1) result=stashP[1]; // pick up original requested id from command
+    StringFormatter::send(getAsyncReplyStream(), F("<w CONSIST %d%S>\n"),
+     result, stashP[2]=="REVERSE"_hk ? F(" REVERSE") : F(""));
+    commitAsyncReplyStream();
+}

DCCEXParser.h

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ struct DCCEXParser
     static void callback_R(int16_t result);
     static void callback_Rloco(int16_t result);
     static void callback_Wloco(int16_t result);
+    static void callback_Wconsist(int16_t result);
     static void callback_Vbit(int16_t result);
     static void callback_Vbyte(int16_t result);
     static FILTER_CALLBACK  filterCallback;

DCCTimer.h

@@ -62,8 +62,14 @@ class DCCTimer {
   static bool isPWMPin(byte pin);
   static void setPWM(byte pin, bool high);
   static void clearPWM();
+  static void startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin);
+  static void ackRailcomTimer();
   static void DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency);
-  static void DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value);
+  static void DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value, bool invert);
+  static void DCCEXledcDetachPin(uint8_t pin);
+  static void DCCEXanalogCopyChannel(int8_t frompin, int8_t topin);
+  static void DCCEXInrushControlOn(uint8_t pin, int duty, bool invert);
+  static void DCCEXledcAttachPin(uint8_t pin, int8_t channel, bool inverted);
 
 // Update low ram level.  Allow for extra bytes to be specified
 // by estimation or inspection, that may be used by other 
@@ -85,6 +91,7 @@ class DCCTimer {
   static void reset();
   
 private:
+  static void DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency);
   static int freeMemory();
   static volatile int minimum_free_memory;
   static const int DCC_SIGNAL_TIME=58;  // this is the 58uS DCC 1-bit waveform half-cycle 

DCCTimerAVR.cpp

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <avr/boot.h> 
 #include <avr/wdt.h>
 #include "DCCTimer.h"
+#include "DIAG.h"
 #ifdef DEBUG_ADC
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #endif
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ INTERRUPT_CALLBACK interruptHandler=0;
     #define TIMER1_A_PIN   11
     #define TIMER1_B_PIN   12
     #define TIMER1_C_PIN   13
+    #define TIMER2_A_PIN   10
+    #define TIMER2_B_PIN   9
+    
 #else
    #define TIMER1_A_PIN   9
    #define TIMER1_B_PIN   10
@@ -55,6 +59,67 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
     interrupts();
   }
 
+
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  /* The Railcom timer is started in such a way that it 
+     - First triggers 28uS after the last TIMER1 tick. 
+       This provides an accurate offset (in High Accuracy mode)
+       for the start of the Railcom cutout.
+     - Sets the Railcom pin high at first tick, 
+       because its been setup with 100% PWM duty cycle.
+        
+     - Cycles at 436uS so the second tick is the 
+        correct distance from the cutout.
+        
+     - Waveform code is responsible for altering the PWM 
+       duty cycle to 0% any time between the first and last tick.
+       (there will be 7 DCC timer1 ticks in which to do this.)
+    
+    */
+  (void) brakePin; // Ignored... works on pin 9 only 
+  const int cutoutDuration = 430; // Desired interval in microseconds
+  
+  // Set up Timer2 for CTC mode (Clear Timer on Compare Match)
+  TCCR2A = 0; // Clear Timer2 control register A
+  TCCR2B = 0; // Clear Timer2 control register B
+  TCNT2 = 0;  // Initialize Timer2 counter value to 0
+   // Configure Phase and Frequency Correct PWM mode
+   TCCR2A =  (1 << COM2B1); // enable pwm on pin 9
+   TCCR2A |= (1 << WGM20);
+  
+   
+  // Set Timer 2 prescaler to 32
+  TCCR2B = (1 << CS21) | (1 << CS20); // 32 prescaler
+
+  // Set the compare match value for desired interval
+  OCR2A = (F_CPU / 1000000) * cutoutDuration / 64 - 1;
+
+  // Calculate the compare match value for desired duty cycle
+  OCR2B = OCR2A+1;  // set duty cycle to 100%= OCR2A)
+
+  // Enable Timer2 output on pin 9 (OC2B)
+  DDRB |= (1 << DDB1);
+  // TODO Fudge TCNT2 to sync with last tcnt1 tick + 28uS
+
+ // Previous TIMER1 Tick was at rising end-of-packet bit
+ // Cutout starts half way through first preamble
+ // that is 2.5 * 58uS later.
+ // TCNT1 ticks 8 times / microsecond
+ // auto microsendsToFirstRailcomTick=(58+58+29)-(TCNT1/8);
+  // set the railcom timer counter allowing for phase-correct
+
+  // CHris's NOTE: 
+  // I dont kniow quite how this calculation works out but
+  // it does seems to get a good answer. 
+
+  TCNT2=193 + (ICR1 - TCNT1)/8;
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  OCR2B= 0x00;  // brake pin pwm duty cycle 0 at next tick
+}
+
+
 // ISR called by timer interrupt every 58uS
   ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect){ interruptHandler(); }
 
@@ -125,6 +190,81 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
 
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
+      // Not worth doin something here as:
+      // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
+      // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
+      // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
+#endif
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
+  // Speed mapping is done like this:
+  // No functions buttons:   000  0   -> low          131Hz
+  // Only F29 pressed        001  1   -> mid          490Hz
+  // F30 with or w/o F29     01x  2-3 -> high        3400Hz
+  // F31 with or w/o F29/30  1xx  4-7 -> supersonic 62500Hz
+  uint8_t abits;
+  uint8_t bbits;
+  if (pin == 9 || pin == 10) { // timer 2 is different
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      abits = B00000011;
+    else
+      abits = B00000001;
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      bbits = B0001;
+    else if (fbits >= 2)
+      bbits = B0010;
+    else if (fbits == 1)
+      bbits = B0100;
+    else //  fbits == 0
+      bbits = B0110;
+
+    TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+    TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and 3 bits of prescaler
+    DIAG(F("Timer 2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
+
+  } else { // not timer 9 or 10
+    abits = B01;
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      bbits = B1001;
+    else if (fbits >= 2)
+      bbits = B0010;
+    else if (fbits == 1)
+      bbits = B0011;
+    else
+      bbits = B0100;
+
+    switch (pin) {
+      // case 9 and 10 taken care of above by if()
+    case 6:
+    case 7:
+    case 8:
+      // Timer4
+      TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+      TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and WGM3 and divisor
+      //DIAG(F("Timer 4 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR4A, TCCR4B);
+      break;
+    case 46:
+    case 45:
+    case 44:
+      // Timer5
+      TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+      TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and WGM3 and divisor
+      //DIAG(F("Timer 5 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR5A, TCCR5B);
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
 #define NUM_ADC_INPUTS 16
 #else

DCCTimerESP.cpp

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ int DCCTimer::freeMemory() {
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+#include "DIAG.h"
 #include <driver/adc.h>
 #include <soc/sens_reg.h>
 #include <soc/sens_struct.h>
@@ -151,10 +152,28 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
    ESP.restart();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  if (f >= 16)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+/*
+  else if (f == 7) // not used on ESP32
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 62500);
+*/
+  else if (f >= 4)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 32000);
+  else if (f >= 3)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 16000);
+  else if (f >= 2)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 3400);
+  else if (f == 1)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 480);
+  else
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 131);
+}
+
 #include "esp32-hal.h"
 #include "soc/soc_caps.h"
 
-
 #ifdef SOC_LEDC_SUPPORT_HS_MODE
 #define LEDC_CHANNELS           (SOC_LEDC_CHANNEL_NUM<<1)
 #else
@@ -164,7 +183,7 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
 static int8_t pin_to_channel[SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT] = { 0 };
 static int cnt_channel = LEDC_CHANNELS;
 
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency) {
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency) {
   if (pin < SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT) {
     if (pin_to_channel[pin] != 0) {
       ledcSetup(pin_to_channel[pin], frequency, 8);
@@ -172,23 +191,104 @@ void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency) {
   }
 }
 
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value) {
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXledcDetachPin(uint8_t pin) {
+  DIAG(F("Clear pin %d channel"), pin);
+  pin_to_channel[pin] = 0;
+  pinMatrixOutDetach(pin, false, false);
+}
+
+static byte LEDCToMux[] = {
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT0_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT1_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT2_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT3_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT4_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT5_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT6_IDX,
+  LEDC_HS_SIG_OUT7_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT0_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT1_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT2_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT3_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT4_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT5_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT6_IDX,
+  LEDC_LS_SIG_OUT7_IDX,
+};
+
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXledcAttachPin(uint8_t pin, int8_t channel, bool inverted) {
+  DIAG(F("Attaching pin %d to channel %d %c"), pin, channel, inverted ? 'I' : ' ');
+  ledcAttachPin(pin, channel);
+  if (inverted) // we attach again but with inversion
+    gpio_matrix_out(pin, LEDCToMux[channel], inverted, 0);
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogCopyChannel(int8_t frompin, int8_t topin) {
+  // arguments are signed depending on inversion of pins
+  DIAG(F("Pin %d copied to %d"), frompin, topin);
+  bool inverted = false;
+  if (frompin<0)
+    frompin = -frompin;
+  if (topin<0) {
+    inverted = true;
+    topin = -topin;
+  }
+  int channel = pin_to_channel[frompin]; // after abs(frompin)
+  pin_to_channel[topin] = channel;
+  DCCTimer::DCCEXledcAttachPin(topin, channel, inverted);
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value, bool invert) {
+  // This allocates channels 15, 13, 11, ....
+  // so each channel gets its own timer.
   if (pin < SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT) {
     if (pin_to_channel[pin] == 0) {
+      int search_channel;
+      int n;
       if (!cnt_channel) {
           log_e("No more PWM channels available! All %u already used", LEDC_CHANNELS);
           return;
       }
-      pin_to_channel[pin] = --cnt_channel;
-      ledcSetup(cnt_channel, 1000, 8);
-      ledcAttachPin(pin, cnt_channel);
+      // search for free channels top down
+      for (search_channel=LEDC_CHANNELS-1; search_channel >=cnt_channel; search_channel -= 2) {
+	bool chanused = false;
+	for (n=0; n < SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT; n++) {
+	  if (pin_to_channel[n] == search_channel) { // current search_channel used
+	    chanused = true;
+	    break;
+	  }
+	}
+	if (chanused)
+	  continue;
+	if (n == SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT) // current search_channel unused
+	  break;
+      }
+      if (search_channel >= cnt_channel) {
+	pin_to_channel[pin] = search_channel;
+	DIAG(F("Pin %d assigned to search channel %d"), pin, search_channel);
+      } else {
+	pin_to_channel[pin] = --cnt_channel; // This sets 15, 13, ...
+	DIAG(F("Pin %d assigned to new channel %d"), pin, cnt_channel);
+	--cnt_channel;                       // Now we are at 14, 12, ...
+      }
+      ledcSetup(pin_to_channel[pin], 1000, 8);
+      DCCEXledcAttachPin(pin, pin_to_channel[pin], invert);
     } else {
-      ledcAttachPin(pin, pin_to_channel[pin]);
+      // This else is only here so we can enable diag
+      // Pin should be already attached to channel
+      // DIAG(F("Pin %d assigned to old channel %d"), pin, pin_to_channel[pin]);
     }
     ledcWrite(pin_to_channel[pin], value);
   }
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXInrushControlOn(uint8_t pin, int duty, bool inverted) {
+  // this uses hardcoded channel 0
+  ledcSetup(0, 62500, 8);
+  DCCEXledcAttachPin(pin, 0, inverted);
+  ledcWrite(0, duty);
+}
+
 int ADCee::init(uint8_t pin) {
   pinMode(pin, ANALOG);
   adc1_config_width(ADC_WIDTH_BIT_12);

DCCTimerMEGAAVR.cpp

@@ -80,6 +80,15 @@ extern char *__malloc_heap_start;
     interruptHandler();
   }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
   bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
        (void) pin; 
        return false;  // TODO what are the relevant pins? 
@@ -125,6 +134,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
   while(true){}
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 int16_t ADCee::ADCmax() {
   return 4095;
 }

DCCTimerSAMD.cpp

@@ -76,6 +76,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   interrupts();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 // Timer IRQ handlers replace the dummy handlers (in cortex_handlers)
 // copied from rf24 branch
 void TCC0_Handler() {
@@ -156,6 +165,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
     while(true) {};
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 #define NUM_ADC_INPUTS NUM_ANALOG_INPUTS
 
 uint16_t ADCee::usedpins = 0;

DCCTimerSTM32.cpp

@@ -201,6 +201,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   interrupts();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
   //TODO: STM32 whilst this call to digitalPinHasPWM will reveal which pins can do PWM,
   //      there's no support yet for High Accuracy, so for now return false
@@ -257,6 +266,23 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
     while(true) {};
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  if (f >= 16)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+  else if (f == 7)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 62500);
+  else if (f >= 4)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 32000);
+  else if (f >= 3)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 16000);
+  else if (f >= 2)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 3400);
+  else if (f == 1)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 480);
+  else
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 131);
+}
+
 // TODO: rationalise the size of these... could really use sparse arrays etc.
 static HardwareTimer * pin_timer[100] = {0};
 static uint32_t channel_frequency[100] = {0};
@@ -267,7 +293,7 @@ static uint32_t pin_channel[100] = {0};
 // sophisticated about detecting any clash between the timer we'd like to use for PWM and the ones
 // currently used for HA so they don't interfere with one another. For now we'll just make PWM
 // work well... then work backwards to integrate with HA mode if we can.
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency)
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency)
 {
   if (pin_timer[pin] == NULL) {
     // Automatically retrieve TIM instance and channel associated to pin
@@ -307,7 +333,9 @@ void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency)
   return;
 }
 
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value) {
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value, bool invert) {
+    if (invert)
+      value = 255-value;
     // Calculate percentage duty cycle from value given
     uint32_t duty_cycle = (value * 100 / 256) + 1;
     if (pin_timer[pin] != NULL) {

DCCTimerTEENSY.cpp

@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   myDCCTimer.begin(interruptHandler, DCC_SIGNAL_TIME);
   }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
        //Teensy: digitalPinHasPWM, todo
       (void) pin;
@@ -141,6 +150,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
   SCB_AIRCR = 0x05FA0004;
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 int16_t ADCee::ADCmax() {
   return 4095;
 }

DCCWaveform.cpp

@@ -115,8 +115,22 @@ DCCWaveform::DCCWaveform( byte preambleBits, bool isMain) {
   bytes_sent = 0;
   bits_sent = 0;
 }
+    
+volatile bool DCCWaveform::railcomActive=false;     // switched on by user
+volatile bool DCCWaveform::railcomDebug=false;     // switched on by user
 
-
+bool DCCWaveform::setRailcom(bool on, bool debug) {
+  if (on) {
+    // TODO check possible
+    railcomActive=true;
+    railcomDebug=debug;
+  }
+  else {
+    railcomActive=false;
+    railcomDebug=false;
+  } 
+  return railcomActive;
+}
 
 #pragma GCC push_options
 #pragma GCC optimize ("-O3")
@@ -124,16 +138,16 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
   // calculate the next bit to be sent:
   // set state WAVE_MID_1  for a 1=bit
   //        or WAVE_HIGH_0 for a 0 bit.
-
   if (remainingPreambles > 0 ) {
     state=WAVE_MID_1;  // switch state to trigger LOW on next interrupt
     remainingPreambles--;
-
+  
     // As we get to the end of the preambles, open the reminder window.
     // This delays any reminder insertion until the last moment so
     // that the reminder doesn't block a more urgent packet. 
     reminderWindowOpen=transmitRepeats==0 && remainingPreambles<4 && remainingPreambles>1;
     if (remainingPreambles==1) promotePendingPacket();
+    else if (remainingPreambles==10 && isMainTrack && railcomActive) DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer();
     // Update free memory diagnostic as we don't have anything else to do this time.
     // Allow for checkAck and its called functions using 22 bytes more.
     else DCCTimer::updateMinimumFreeMemoryISR(22); 
@@ -157,6 +171,12 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
       bytes_sent = 0;
       // preamble for next packet will start...
       remainingPreambles = requiredPreambles;
+      
+      // set the railcom coundown to trigger half way 
+      // through the first preamble bit.
+      // Note.. we are still sending the last packet bit
+      //    and we then have to allow for the packet end bit
+      if (isMainTrack && railcomActive) DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(9);
       }
   }  
 }
@@ -208,7 +228,11 @@ void DCCWaveform::promotePendingPacket() {
       
       // nothing to do, just send idles or resets
       // Fortunately reset and idle packets are the same length
-      memcpy( transmitPacket, isMainTrack ? idlePacket : resetPacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
+      // Note: If railcomDebug is on, then we send resets to the main
+      //       track instead of idles. This means that all data will be zeros
+      //       and only the porersets will be ones, making it much
+      //       easier to read on a logic analyser.
+      memcpy( transmitPacket, (isMainTrack && (!railcomDebug)) ? idlePacket : resetPacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
       transmitLength = sizeof(idlePacket);
       transmitRepeats = 0;
       if (getResets() < 250) sentResetsSincePacket++; // only place to increment (private!)
@@ -270,7 +294,7 @@ void DCCWaveform::schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repea
   // The resets will be zero not only now but as well repeats packets into the future
   clearResets(repeats+1);
   {
-    int ret;
+    int ret = 0;
     do {
       if(isMainTrack) {
 	if (rmtMainChannel != NULL)
@@ -297,4 +321,10 @@ bool DCCWaveform::isReminderWindowOpen() {
 void IRAM_ATTR DCCWaveform::loop() {
   DCCACK::checkAck(progTrack.getResets());
 }
+
+bool DCCWaveform::setRailcom(bool on, bool debug) {
+  // TODO... ESP32 railcom waveform
+  return false;
+}
+
 #endif

DCCWaveform.h

@@ -40,7 +40,14 @@ const byte MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 5;     // NMRA standard extended packets, payload s
 
 // The WAVE_STATE enum is deliberately numbered because a change of order would be catastrophic
 // to the transform array.
-enum  WAVE_STATE : byte {WAVE_START=0,WAVE_MID_1=1,WAVE_HIGH_0=2,WAVE_MID_0=3,WAVE_LOW_0=4,WAVE_PENDING=5};
+enum  WAVE_STATE : byte {
+  WAVE_START=0,  // wave going high at start of bit 
+  WAVE_MID_1=1,  // middle of 1 bit 
+  WAVE_HIGH_0=2, // first part of 0 bit high
+  WAVE_MID_0=3,  // middle of 0 bit
+  WAVE_LOW_0=4,  // first part of 0 bit low
+  WAVE_PENDING=5 // next bit not yet known
+  };
 
 // NOTE: static functions are used for the overall controller, then
 // one instance is created for each track.
@@ -78,6 +85,8 @@ class DCCWaveform {
     void schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repeats);
     bool isReminderWindowOpen();
     void promotePendingPacket();
+    static bool setRailcom(bool on, bool debug);
+    static bool isRailcom() {return railcomActive;}
     
   private:
 #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
@@ -103,6 +112,9 @@ class DCCWaveform {
     byte pendingPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1]; // +1 for checksum
     byte pendingLength;
     byte pendingRepeats;
+    static volatile bool railcomActive;     // switched on by user
+    static volatile bool railcomDebug;     // switched on by user
+    
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
   static RMTChannel *rmtMainChannel;
   static RMTChannel *rmtProgChannel;

EXRAIL2.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #include "Turntables.h"
 #include "IODevice.h"
+#include "EXRAILSensor.h"
 
 
 // One instance of RMFT clas is used for each "thread" in the automation.
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ LookList* RMFT2::LookListLoader(OPCODE op1, OPCODE op2, OPCODE op3) {
 
 /* static */ void RMFT2::begin() {
 
-  DIAG(F("EXRAIL RoutCode at =%P"),RouteCode);
+  //DIAG(F("EXRAIL RoutCode at =%P"),RouteCode);
     
   bool saved_diag=diag;
   diag=true;
@@ -251,6 +252,12 @@ if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL) {
       break;
     }
 
+    case OPCODE_ONSENSOR:
+        new EXRAILSensor(operand,progCounter+3,true );
+        break;
+    case OPCODE_ONBUTTON:
+        new EXRAILSensor(operand,progCounter+3,false );
+        break;
     case OPCODE_TURNOUT: {
       VPIN id=operand;
       int addr=getOperand(progCounter,1);
@@ -373,7 +380,7 @@ RMFT2::RMFT2(int progCtr) {
   speedo=0;
   forward=true;
   invert=false;
-  timeoutFlag=false;
+  blinkState=not_blink_task;
   stackDepth=0;
   onEventStartPosition=-1; // Not handling an ONxxx 
 
@@ -411,7 +418,7 @@ void RMFT2::createNewTask(int route, uint16_t cab) {
 
 void RMFT2::driveLoco(byte speed) {
   if (loco<=0) return;  // Prevent broadcast!
-  if (diag) DIAG(F("EXRAIL drive %d %d %d"),loco,speed,forward^invert);
+  //if (diag) DIAG(F("EXRAIL drive %d %d %d"),loco,speed,forward^invert);
  /* TODO.....
  power on appropriate track if DC or main if dcc
   if (TrackManager::getMainPowerMode()==POWERMODE::OFF) {
@@ -480,6 +487,7 @@ bool RMFT2::skipIfBlock() {
 }
 
 void RMFT2::loop() {
+  EXRAILSensor::checkAll();
 
   // Round Robin call to a RMFT task each time
   if (loopTask==NULL) return;
@@ -491,6 +499,23 @@ void RMFT2::loop() {
 void RMFT2::loop2() {
   if (delayTime!=0 && millis()-delayStart < delayTime) return;
 
+  // special stand alone blink task
+  if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_BLINK) { 
+    if (blinkState==blink_low) {
+      IODevice::write(blinkPin,HIGH);
+      blinkState=blink_high;
+      delayMe(getOperand(1));
+      return;
+    }
+    if (blinkState==blink_high) {
+      IODevice::write(blinkPin,LOW);
+      blinkState=blink_low;
+      delayMe(getOperand(2));
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  
+  // Normal progstep following tasks continue here.
   byte opcode = GET_OPCODE;
   int16_t operand =  getOperand(0);
 
@@ -511,6 +536,10 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     Turnout::setClosed(operand, true);
     break;
 
+  case OPCODE_TOGGLE_TURNOUT:
+    Turnout::setClosed(operand, Turnout::isThrown(operand));
+    break;
+
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
   case OPCODE_ROTATE:
     uint8_t activity;
@@ -560,39 +589,39 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_AT:
-    timeoutFlag=false;
+    blinkState=not_blink_task;
     if (readSensor(operand)) break;
     delayMe(50);
     return;
     
   case OPCODE_ATGTE: // wait for analog sensor>= value
-    timeoutFlag=false;
+    blinkState=not_blink_task;
     if (IODevice::readAnalogue(operand) >= (int)(getOperand(1))) break;
     delayMe(50);
     return;
     
   case OPCODE_ATLT: // wait for analog sensor < value
-    timeoutFlag=false;
+    blinkState=not_blink_task;
     if (IODevice::readAnalogue(operand) < (int)(getOperand(1))) break;
     delayMe(50);
     return;
       
   case OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT1:   // ATTIMEOUT(vpin,timeout) part 1
     timeoutStart=millis();
-    timeoutFlag=false;
+    blinkState=not_blink_task;
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT2:
     if (readSensor(operand)) break; // success without timeout
     if (millis()-timeoutStart > 100*getOperand(1)) {
-      timeoutFlag=true;
+      blinkState=at_timeout;
       break; // and drop through
     }
     delayMe(50);
     return;
     
   case OPCODE_IFTIMEOUT: // do next operand if timeout flag set
-    skipIf=!timeoutFlag;
+    skipIf=blinkState!=at_timeout;
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_AFTER: // waits for sensor to hit and then remain off for 0.5 seconds. (must come after an AT operation)
@@ -624,13 +653,25 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     break;
 
   case OPCODE_SET:
+    killBlinkOnVpin(operand);
     IODevice::write(operand,true);
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_RESET:
+    killBlinkOnVpin(operand);
     IODevice::write(operand,false);
     break;
-    
+  
+  case OPCODE_BLINK: 
+     // Start a new task to blink this vpin
+     killBlinkOnVpin(operand);
+     {
+      auto newtask=new RMFT2(progCounter);
+      newtask->blinkPin=operand;
+      newtask->blinkState=blink_low; // will go high on first call
+     }
+     break; 
+
   case OPCODE_PAUSE:
     DCC::setThrottle(0,1,true);  // pause all locos on the track
     pausingTask=this;
@@ -669,6 +710,45 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
       }
       break; 
 
+  case OPCODE_SETFREQ:
+      // Frequency is default 0, or 1, 2,3
+      //if (loco) DCC::setFn(loco,operand,true);
+      switch (operand) {
+        case 0:  // default - all F-s off
+            if (loco) {
+                DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+                DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+                DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 1:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,true);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 2:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,true);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 3:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,true);
+            }
+        break;
+      default:
+	; // do nothing
+	break;
+      }
+
+      break;
+
   case OPCODE_RESUME:
     pausingTask=NULL;
     driveLoco(speedo);
@@ -776,6 +856,10 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_FOFF:
     if (loco) DCC::setFn(loco,operand,false);
     break;
+  
+  case OPCODE_FTOGGLE:
+    if (loco) DCC::changeFn(loco,operand);
+    break;
     
   case OPCODE_DRIVE:
     {
@@ -791,6 +875,10 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_XFOFF:
     DCC::setFn(operand,getOperand(1),false);
     break;
+
+  case OPCODE_XFTOGGLE:
+    DCC::changeFn(operand,getOperand(1));
+    break;
     
   case OPCODE_DCCACTIVATE: {
     // operand is address<<3 | subaddr<<1 | active
@@ -800,6 +888,14 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     DCC::setAccessory(addr,subaddr,active);
     break;
   }
+   case OPCODE_ASPECT: {
+    // operand is address<<5 |  value
+    int16_t address=operand>>5;
+    byte aspect=operand & 0x1f;
+    if (!signalAspectEvent(address,aspect))
+      DCC::setExtendedAccessory(address,aspect);
+    break;
+  }
     
   case OPCODE_FOLLOW:
     progCounter=routeLookup->find(operand);
@@ -978,7 +1074,7 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_ROUTE:
   case OPCODE_AUTOMATION:
   case OPCODE_SEQUENCE:
-    if (diag) DIAG(F("EXRAIL begin(%d)"),operand);
+    //if (diag) DIAG(F("EXRAIL begin(%d)"),operand);
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_AUTOSTART: // Handled only during begin process
@@ -996,6 +1092,8 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_ONGREEN:
   case OPCODE_ONCHANGE:
   case OPCODE_ONTIME:
+  case OPCODE_ONBUTTON:
+  case OPCODE_ONSENSOR:
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
   case OPCODE_DCCTURNTABLE: // Turntable definition ignored at runtime
   case OPCODE_EXTTTURNTABLE:  // Turntable definition ignored at runtime
@@ -1058,10 +1156,10 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
 
 /* static */ void RMFT2::doSignal(int16_t id,char rag) {
   if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL)) return; // dont compile code below
-  if (diag) DIAG(F(" doSignal %d %x"),id,rag);
+  //if (diag) DIAG(F(" doSignal %d %x"),id,rag);
   
   // Schedule any event handler for this signal change.
-  // Thjis will work even without a signal definition. 
+  // This will work even without a signal definition. 
   if (rag==SIGNAL_RED) onRedLookup->handleEvent(F("RED"),id);
   else if (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN) onGreenLookup->handleEvent(F("GREEN"),id);
   else onAmberLookup->handleEvent(F("AMBER"),id);
@@ -1078,7 +1176,7 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
   VPIN redpin=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+2);
   VPIN amberpin=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+4);
   VPIN greenpin=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+6);
-  if (diag) DIAG(F("signal %d %d %d %d %d"),sigid,id,redpin,amberpin,greenpin);
+  //if (diag) DIAG(F("signal %d %d %d %d %d"),sigid,id,redpin,amberpin,greenpin);
 
   VPIN sigtype=sigid & ~SIGNAL_ID_MASK;
 
@@ -1086,7 +1184,7 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
     // A servo signal, the pin numbers are actually servo positions
     // Note, setting a signal to a zero position has no effect.
     int16_t servopos= rag==SIGNAL_RED? redpin: (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN? greenpin : amberpin);
-    if (diag) DIAG(F("sigA %d %d"),id,servopos);
+    //if (diag) DIAG(F("sigA %d %d"),id,servopos);
     if  (servopos!=0) IODevice::writeAnalogue(id,servopos,PCA9685::Bounce);
     return;  
   }
@@ -1098,6 +1196,16 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
     return; 
   }
 
+ if (sigtype== DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG) {
+    // redpin,amberpin,greenpin are the 3 aspects
+    byte value=redpin;
+    if (rag==SIGNAL_AMBER) value=amberpin;
+    if (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN) value=greenpin; 
+    DCC::setExtendedAccessory(sigid & SIGNAL_ID_MASK,value);
+    return; 
+  }
+
+
   // LED or similar 3 pin signal, (all pins zero would be a virtual signal)
   // If amberpin is zero, synthesise amber from red+green
   const byte SIMAMBER=0x00;
@@ -1110,16 +1218,19 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
   if (redpin) {
     bool redval=(rag==SIGNAL_RED || rag==SIMAMBER);
     if (!aHigh) redval=!redval;
+    killBlinkOnVpin(redpin);
     IODevice::write(redpin,redval);
   }
   if (amberpin) {
     bool amberval=(rag==SIGNAL_AMBER);
     if (!aHigh) amberval=!amberval;
+    killBlinkOnVpin(amberpin);
     IODevice::write(amberpin,amberval);
   }
   if (greenpin) {
     bool greenval=(rag==SIGNAL_GREEN || rag==SIMAMBER);
     if (!aHigh) greenval=!greenval;
+    killBlinkOnVpin(greenpin);
     IODevice::write(greenpin,greenval);
   }
 }
@@ -1131,6 +1242,38 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
   return (flags[sigslot] & SIGNAL_MASK) == rag;
 }
 
+
+// signalAspectEvent returns true if the aspect is destined
+// for a defined DCCX_SIGNAL which will handle all the RAG flags
+// and ON* handlers.
+// Otherwise false so the parser should send the command directly 
+bool RMFT2::signalAspectEvent(int16_t address, byte aspect ) {
+  if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL)) return false; 
+  int16_t sigslot=getSignalSlot(address);
+  if (sigslot<0) return false;  // this is not a defined signal 
+  int16_t sigpos=sigslot*8; 
+  VPIN sigid=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos);
+  VPIN sigtype=sigid & ~SIGNAL_ID_MASK;
+  if (sigtype!=DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG) return false; // not a DCCX signal
+  // Turn an aspect change into a RED/AMBER/GREEN setting
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+2)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_RED);
+      return true;
+  }
+  
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+4)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_AMBER);
+      return true;
+  }
+  
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+6)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_GREEN);
+      return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;  // aspect is not a defined one    
+}
+
 void RMFT2::turnoutEvent(int16_t turnoutId, bool closed) {
   // Hunt for an ONTHROW/ONCLOSE for this turnout
   if (closed)  onCloseLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOSE"),turnoutId);
@@ -1159,7 +1302,7 @@ void RMFT2::rotateEvent(int16_t turntableId, bool change) {
 void RMFT2::clockEvent(int16_t clocktime, bool change) {
   // Hunt for an ONTIME for this time
   if (Diag::CMD)
-   DIAG(F("Looking for clock event at : %d"), clocktime);
+   DIAG(F("clockEvent at : %d"), clocktime);
   if (change) {
     onClockLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),clocktime);
     onClockLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),25*60+clocktime%60);
@@ -1169,12 +1312,31 @@ void RMFT2::clockEvent(int16_t clocktime, bool change) {
 void RMFT2::powerEvent(int16_t track, bool overload) {
   // Hunt for an ONOVERLOAD for this item
   if (Diag::CMD)
-   DIAG(F("Looking for Power event on track : %c"), track);
+   DIAG(F("powerEvent : %c"), track);
   if (overload) {
     onOverloadLookup->handleEvent(F("POWER"),track);
   }
 }
 
+// This function is used when setting pins so that a SET or RESET
+// will cause any blink task on that pin to terminate.
+// It will be compiled out of existence if no BLINK feature is used.
+void RMFT2::killBlinkOnVpin(VPIN pin) {
+   if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_BLINK)) return; 
+ 
+  RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
+  while(task) {
+    if (
+      (task->blinkState==blink_high || task->blinkState==blink_low) 
+       && task->blinkPin==pin) {
+        task->kill();
+        return;
+      }
+    task=task->next;
+    if (task==loopTask) return;
+  }
+}
+  
 void RMFT2::startNonRecursiveTask(const FSH* reason, int16_t id,int pc) {  
   // Check we dont already have a task running this handler
   RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
@@ -1245,6 +1407,7 @@ void RMFT2::thrungeString(uint32_t strfar, thrunger mode, byte id) {
        break;  
     case thrunge_parse:
     case thrunge_broadcast:
+    case thrunge_message: 
     case thrunge_lcd:
     default:    // thrunge_lcd+1, ...
          if (!buffer) buffer=new StringBuffer();
@@ -1282,6 +1445,9 @@ void RMFT2::thrungeString(uint32_t strfar, thrunger mode, byte id) {
     case thrunge_withrottle:
       CommandDistributor::broadcastRaw(CommandDistributor::WITHROTTLE_TYPE,buffer->getString());
       break;
+    case thrunge_message:
+      CommandDistributor::broadcastMessage(buffer->getString());
+      break;
     case thrunge_lcd:
          LCD(id,F("%s"),buffer->getString());
          break;

EXRAIL2.h

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 // or more OPCODE_PAD instructions with the subsequent parameters. This wastes a byte but makes 
 // searching easier as a parameter can never be confused with an opcode. 
 // 
-enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
+enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,OPCODE_TOGGLE_TURNOUT,
              OPCODE_FWD,OPCODE_REV,OPCODE_SPEED,OPCODE_INVERT_DIRECTION,
              OPCODE_RESERVE,OPCODE_FREE,
              OPCODE_AT,OPCODE_AFTER,
@@ -41,9 +41,11 @@ enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
              OPCODE_ATGTE,OPCODE_ATLT,
              OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT1,OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT2,
              OPCODE_LATCH,OPCODE_UNLATCH,OPCODE_SET,OPCODE_RESET,
+             OPCODE_BLINK,
              OPCODE_ENDIF,OPCODE_ELSE,
              OPCODE_DELAY,OPCODE_DELAYMINS,OPCODE_DELAYMS,OPCODE_RANDWAIT,
              OPCODE_FON,OPCODE_FOFF,OPCODE_XFON,OPCODE_XFOFF,
+             OPCODE_FTOGGLE,OPCODE_XFTOGGLE,
              OPCODE_RED,OPCODE_GREEN,OPCODE_AMBER,OPCODE_DRIVE,
              OPCODE_SERVO,OPCODE_SIGNAL,OPCODE_TURNOUT,OPCODE_WAITFOR,
              OPCODE_PAD,OPCODE_FOLLOW,OPCODE_CALL,OPCODE_RETURN,
@@ -51,10 +53,10 @@ enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
              OPCODE_JOIN,OPCODE_UNJOIN,OPCODE_READ_LOCO1,OPCODE_READ_LOCO2,
 #endif
              OPCODE_POM,
-             OPCODE_START,OPCODE_SETLOCO,OPCODE_SENDLOCO,OPCODE_FORGET,
+             OPCODE_START,OPCODE_SETLOCO,OPCODE_SETFREQ,OPCODE_SENDLOCO,OPCODE_FORGET,
              OPCODE_PAUSE, OPCODE_RESUME,OPCODE_POWEROFF,OPCODE_POWERON,
              OPCODE_ONCLOSE, OPCODE_ONTHROW, OPCODE_SERVOTURNOUT, OPCODE_PINTURNOUT,
-             OPCODE_PRINT,OPCODE_DCCACTIVATE,
+             OPCODE_PRINT,OPCODE_DCCACTIVATE,OPCODE_ASPECT,
              OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,OPCODE_ONDEACTIVATE,
              OPCODE_ROSTER,OPCODE_KILLALL,
              OPCODE_ROUTE,OPCODE_AUTOMATION,OPCODE_SEQUENCE,
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
              OPCODE_ROUTE_ACTIVE,OPCODE_ROUTE_INACTIVE,OPCODE_ROUTE_HIDDEN,
              OPCODE_ROUTE_DISABLED,
              OPCODE_STASH,OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH,OPCODE_CLEAR_ALL_STASH,OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH,
-
+             OPCODE_ONBUTTON,OPCODE_ONSENSOR,
              // OPcodes below this point are skip-nesting IF operations
              // placed here so that they may be skipped as a group
              // see skipIfBlock()
@@ -94,16 +96,25 @@ enum thrunger: byte {
   thrunge_serial,thrunge_parse,
   thrunge_serial1, thrunge_serial2, thrunge_serial3,
   thrunge_serial4, thrunge_serial5, thrunge_serial6,
-  thrunge_lcn, 
+  thrunge_lcn,thrunge_message,
   thrunge_lcd,  // Must be last!!
   };
 
+
+enum BlinkState: byte {
+    not_blink_task, 
+    blink_low, // blink task running with pin LOW
+    blink_high, // blink task running with pin high 
+    at_timeout  // ATTIMEOUT timed out flag
+    }; 
+
   // Flag bits for compile time features.
   static const byte FEATURE_SIGNAL= 0x80;
   static const byte FEATURE_LCC   = 0x40;
   static const byte FEATURE_ROSTER= 0x20;
   static const byte FEATURE_ROUTESTATE= 0x10;
   static const byte FEATURE_STASH = 0x08;
+  static const byte FEATURE_BLINK = 0x04;
   
  
   // Flag bits for status of hardware and TPL
@@ -155,9 +166,11 @@ class LookList {
     static void clockEvent(int16_t clocktime, bool change);
     static void rotateEvent(int16_t id, bool change);
     static void powerEvent(int16_t track, bool overload);
+    static bool signalAspectEvent(int16_t address, byte aspect );    
     static const int16_t SERVO_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x4000;
     static const int16_t ACTIVE_HIGH_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x2000;
     static const int16_t DCC_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x1000;
+    static const int16_t DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x3000;
     static const int16_t SIGNAL_ID_MASK=0x0FFF;
  // Throttle Info Access functions built by exrail macros 
   static const byte rosterNameCount;
@@ -172,7 +185,7 @@ class LookList {
   static const FSH *  getTurntableDescription(int16_t id);
   static const FSH *  getTurntablePositionDescription(int16_t turntableId, uint8_t positionId);
   static void startNonRecursiveTask(const FSH* reason, int16_t id,int pc);
-      
+
 private: 
     static void ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]);
     static bool parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) ;
@@ -190,6 +203,7 @@ private:
     static LookList* LookListLoader(OPCODE op1,
                       OPCODE op2=OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL,OPCODE op3=OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL);
     static uint16_t getOperand(int progCounter,byte n);
+    static void killBlinkOnVpin(VPIN pin);
     static RMFT2 * loopTask;
     static RMFT2 * pausingTask;
     void delayMe(long millisecs);
@@ -242,10 +256,10 @@ private:
     union {
       unsigned long waitAfter; // Used by OPCODE_AFTER
       unsigned long timeoutStart; // Used by OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT
+      VPIN blinkPin;  // Used by blink tasks 
     };
-    bool timeoutFlag;
     byte  taskId;
-    
+    BlinkState blinkState; // includes AT_TIMEOUT flag. 
     uint16_t loco;
     bool forward;
     bool invert;
@@ -258,4 +272,23 @@ private:
 #define GET_OPCODE GETHIGHFLASH(RMFT2::RouteCode,progCounter)
 #define SKIPOP progCounter+=3
 
+// IO_I2CDFPlayer commands and values
+enum  : uint8_t{
+    DF_PLAY          = 0x0F,
+    DF_VOL           = 0x06,
+    DF_FOLDER        = 0x2B, // Not a DFPlayer command, used to set folder nr where audio file is
+    DF_REPEATPLAY    = 0x08,
+    DF_STOPPLAY      = 0x16,
+    DF_EQ            = 0x07, // Set equaliser, require parameter NORMAL, POP, ROCK, JAZZ, CLASSIC or BASS
+    DF_RESET         = 0x0C,
+    DF_DACON         = 0x1A,
+    DF_SETAM         = 0x2A, // Set audio mixer 1 or 2 for this DFPLayer   
+    DF_NORMAL        = 0x00, // Equalizer parameters
+    DF_POP           = 0x01,
+    DF_ROCK          = 0x02,
+    DF_JAZZ          = 0x03,
+    DF_CLASSIC       = 0x04,
+    DF_BASS          = 0x05,
+  };
+
 #endif

EXRAIL2MacroReset.h

@@ -31,18 +31,22 @@
 #undef ALIAS
 #undef AMBER
 #undef ANOUT
+#undef ASPECT
 #undef AT
 #undef ATGTE
 #undef ATLT
 #undef ATTIMEOUT
 #undef AUTOMATION 
 #undef AUTOSTART
+#undef BLINK
 #undef BROADCAST
 #undef CALL 
 #undef CLEAR_STASH
 #undef CLEAR_ALL_STASH
 #undef CLOSE 
+#undef CONFIGURE_SERVO
 #undef DCC_SIGNAL
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
 #undef DCC_TURNTABLE
 #undef DEACTIVATE
 #undef DEACTIVATEL
@@ -63,10 +67,12 @@
 #undef FOLLOW 
 #undef FON 
 #undef FORGET
+#undef FTOGGLE
 #undef FREE 
 #undef FWD 
 #undef GREEN
 #undef HAL
+#undef HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #undef IF 
 #undef IFAMBER
 #undef IFCLOSED
@@ -83,6 +89,7 @@
 #undef IFTTPOSITION
 #undef IFRE
 #undef INVERT_DIRECTION 
+#undef JMRI_SENSOR
 #undef JOIN 
 #undef KILLALL
 #undef LATCH 
@@ -92,6 +99,7 @@
 #undef LCCX 
 #undef LCN 
 #undef MOVETT
+#undef MESSAGE
 #undef ONACTIVATE
 #undef ONACTIVATEL
 #undef ONAMBER
@@ -106,6 +114,8 @@
 #undef ONGREEN
 #undef ONRED
 #undef ONROTATE
+#undef ONBUTTON
+#undef ONSENSOR
 #undef ONTHROW 
 #undef ONCHANGE
 #undef PARSE
@@ -151,14 +161,17 @@
 #undef SET_TRACK
 #undef SET_POWER
 #undef SETLOCO 
+#undef SETFREQ
 #undef SIGNAL 
 #undef SIGNALH 
 #undef SPEED 
 #undef START 
 #undef STASH
 #undef STEALTH
+#undef STEALTH_GLOBAL
 #undef STOP 
 #undef THROW
+#undef TOGGLE_TURNOUT
 #undef TT_ADDPOSITION
 #undef TURNOUT 
 #undef TURNOUTL
@@ -173,6 +186,7 @@
 #undef WITHROTTLE
 #undef XFOFF
 #undef XFON
+#undef XFTOGGLE
 
 #ifndef RMFT2_UNDEF_ONLY
 #define ACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
@@ -183,17 +197,21 @@
 #define AMBER(signal_id)
 #define ANOUT(vpin,value,param1,param2)
 #define AT(sensor_id)
+#define ASPECT(address,value)
 #define ATGTE(sensor_id,value) 
 #define ATLT(sensor_id,value) 
 #define ATTIMEOUT(sensor_id,timeout_ms)
 #define AUTOMATION(id,description) 
 #define AUTOSTART
+#define BLINK(vpin,onDuty,offDuty)
 #define BROADCAST(msg)
 #define CALL(route)
 #define CLEAR_STASH(id)
 #define CLEAR_ALL_STASH(id)
-#define CLOSE(id) 
+#define CLOSE(id)
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile) 
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,add,subaddr)
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
 #define DCC_TURNTABLE(id,home,description)
 #define DEACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
 #define DEACTIVATEL(addr)
@@ -215,9 +233,11 @@
 #define FON(func)
 #define FORGET
 #define FREE(blockid) 
+#define FTOGGLE(func)
 #define FWD(speed) 
 #define GREEN(signal_id)
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #define IF(sensor_id) 
 #define IFAMBER(signal_id)
 #define IFCLOSED(turnout_id) 
@@ -234,6 +254,7 @@
 #define IFTTPOSITION(turntable_id,position)
 #define IFRE(sensor_id,value)
 #define INVERT_DIRECTION 
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...)
 #define JOIN 
 #define KILLALL
 #define LATCH(sensor_id)
@@ -242,6 +263,7 @@
 #define LCD(row,msg)
 #define SCREEN(display,row,msg)
 #define LCN(msg) 
+#define MESSAGE(msg)
 #define MOVETT(id,steps,activity)
 #define ONACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
 #define ONACTIVATEL(linear)
@@ -259,6 +281,8 @@
 #define ONROTATE(turntable_id)
 #define ONTHROW(turnout_id) 
 #define ONCHANGE(sensor_id)
+#define ONSENSOR(sensor_id)
+#define ONBUTTON(sensor_id)
 #define PAUSE
 #define PIN_TURNOUT(id,pin,description...) 
 #define PRINT(msg) 
@@ -302,14 +326,17 @@
 #define SET_TRACK(track,mode)
 #define SET_POWER(track,onoff)
 #define SETLOCO(loco) 
+#define SETFREQ(loco,freq)
 #define SIGNAL(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SIGNALH(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SPEED(speed) 
 #define START(route)
 #define STASH(id) 
 #define STEALTH(code...)
+#define STEALTH_GLOBAL(code...)
 #define STOP 
 #define THROW(id)
+#define TOGGLE_TURNOUT(id)
 #define TT_ADDPOSITION(turntable_id,position,value,angle,description...)
 #define TURNOUT(id,addr,subaddr,description...) 
 #define TURNOUTL(id,addr,description...) 
@@ -324,4 +351,6 @@
 #define WITHROTTLE(msg)
 #define XFOFF(cab,func)
 #define XFON(cab,func)
+#define XFTOGGLE(cab,func)
+
 #endif

EXRAIL2Parser.cpp

@@ -28,25 +28,7 @@
 #include "defines.h"
 #include "EXRAIL2.h"
 #include "DCC.h"
-// Command parsing keywords
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXRAIL=15435;    
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_START=23232;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESERVE=11392;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_FREE=-23052;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LATCH=1618;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_UNLATCH=1353;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PAUSE=-4142;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESUME=27609;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_KILL=5218;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ALL=3457;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ROUTES=-3702;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RED=26099;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_AMBER=18713;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_GREEN=-31493;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_A='A';   
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_M='M';
-
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 
 // This filter intercepts <> commands to do the following:
 // - Implement RMFT specific commands/diagnostics
@@ -54,21 +36,28 @@ const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_M='M';
 
 void RMFT2::ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
   (void)stream; // avoid compiler warning if we don't access this parameter
-  bool reject=false;
+  
   switch(opcode) {
     
   case 'D':
-    if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_EXRAIL) { // <D EXRAIL ON/OFF>
-      diag = paramCount==2 && (p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_ON || p[1]==1);
+    if (p[0]=="EXRAIL"_hk) { // <D EXRAIL ON/OFF>
+      diag = paramCount==2 && (p[1]=="ON"_hk || p[1]==1);
       opcode=0;
     }
     break;
 	
   case '/':  // New EXRAIL command
-    reject=!parseSlash(stream,paramCount,p);
-    opcode=0;
+    if (parseSlash(stream,paramCount,p)) opcode=0;
     break;
   
+  case 'A': //  <A address aspect>
+    if (paramCount!=2) break; 
+    // Ask exrail if this is just changing the aspect on a 
+    // predefined DCCX_SIGNAL. Because this will handle all 
+    // the IFRED and ONRED type issues at the same time.  
+    if (signalAspectEvent(p[0],p[1])) opcode=0; // all done 
+    break;
+
   case 'L':
     // This entire code block is compiled out if LLC macros not used 
     if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_LCC)) return;
@@ -116,16 +105,18 @@ void RMFT2::ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16
     }
     if (paramCount==1) {  // <L eventid> LCC event arrived from adapter
         int16_t eventid=p[0];
-        reject=eventid<0 || eventid>=countLCCLookup;
-        if (!reject)  startNonRecursiveTask(F("LCC"),eventid,onLCCLookup[eventid]);
-        opcode=0;
+        bool reject = eventid<0 || eventid>=countLCCLookup;
+        if (!reject) {
+          startNonRecursiveTask(F("LCC"),eventid,onLCCLookup[eventid]);
+          opcode=0;
+        }
     }
     break; 
     
     case 'J':  // throttle info commands
         if (paramCount<1) return; 
         switch(p[0]) {
-          case HASH_KEYWORD_A: // <JA> returns automations/routes
+          case "A"_hk: // <JA> returns automations/routes
             if (paramCount==1) {// <JA>
               StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jA"));
               routeLookup->stream(stream);
@@ -152,7 +143,7 @@ void RMFT2::ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16
               return;
             }
             break;
-        case HASH_KEYWORD_M:
+        case "M"_hk:
             // NOTE: we only need to handle valid calls here because 
             // DCCEXParser has to have code to handle the <J<> cases where
             // exrail isnt involved anyway. 
@@ -192,12 +183,20 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<* EXRAIL STATUS"));
     RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
     while(task) {
+      if ((compileFeatures & FEATURE_BLINK)
+       && (task->blinkState==blink_high || task->blinkState==blink_low)) {
+        StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nID=%d,PC=%d,BLINK=%d"),
+			    (int)(task->taskId),task->progCounter,task->blinkPin
+			    );
+      }
+      else {
       StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nID=%d,PC=%d,LOCO=%d%c,SPEED=%d%c"),
 			    (int)(task->taskId),task->progCounter,task->loco,
 			    task->invert?'I':' ',
 			    task->speedo,
 			    task->forward?'F':'R'
 			    );
+      }
       task=task->next;
       if (task==loopTask) break;
     }
@@ -236,13 +235,13 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
     return true;
   }
   switch (p[0]) {
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_PAUSE: // </ PAUSE>
+  case "PAUSE"_hk: // </ PAUSE>
     if (paramCount!=1) return false;
     DCC::setThrottle(0,1,true);  // pause all locos on the track
     pausingTask=(RMFT2 *)1; // Impossible task address
     return true;
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RESUME: // </ RESUME>
+  case "RESUME"_hk: // </ RESUME>
     if (paramCount!=1) return false;
     pausingTask=NULL;
     {
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
     return true;
     
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_START: // </ START [cab] route >
+  case "START"_hk: // </ START [cab] route >
     if (paramCount<2 || paramCount>3) return false;
     {
       int route=(paramCount==2) ? p[1] : p[2];
@@ -273,7 +272,7 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
   }
 
   // check KILL ALL here, otherwise the next validation confuses ALL with a flag  
-  if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_KILL && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_ALL) {
+  if (p[0]=="KILL"_hk && p[1]=="ALL"_hk) {
     while (loopTask) loopTask->kill(F("KILL ALL")); // destructor changes loopTask
     return true;   
   }
@@ -282,7 +281,7 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
   if (paramCount!=2 ) return false;
   
   switch (p[0]) {
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_KILL: // Kill taskid|ALL
+  case "KILL"_hk: // Kill taskid|ALL
     {
     if ( p[1]<0  || p[1]>=MAX_FLAGS) return false;
     RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
@@ -297,27 +296,27 @@ bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
     }
     return false;
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RESERVE:  // force reserve a section
+  case "RESERVE"_hk:  // force reserve a section
     return setFlag(p[1],SECTION_FLAG);
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_FREE:  // force free a section
+  case "FREE"_hk:  // force free a section
     return setFlag(p[1],0,SECTION_FLAG);
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_LATCH:
+  case "LATCH"_hk:
     return setFlag(p[1], LATCH_FLAG);
     
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_UNLATCH:
+  case "UNLATCH"_hk:
     return setFlag(p[1], 0, LATCH_FLAG);
  
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RED:
+  case "RED"_hk:
     doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_RED);
     return true;
  
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_AMBER:
+  case "AMBER"_hk:
     doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_AMBER);
     return true;
  
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_GREEN:
+  case "GREEN"_hk:
     doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_GREEN);
     return true;
     

EXRAILMacros.h

@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@
 // helper macro for turnout description as HIDDEN 
 #define HIDDEN "\x01"
 
+// PLAYSOUND is alias of ANOUT to make the user experience of a Conductor beter for
+// playing sounds with IO_I2CDFPlayer
+#define PLAYSOUND ANOUT
+
 // helper macro to strip leading zeros off time inputs
 // (10#mins)%100)
 #define STRIP_ZERO(value) 10##value%100
@@ -74,13 +78,94 @@
 #define ALIAS(name,value...) const int name= 1##value##0 ==10 ? -__COUNTER__  : value##0/10; 
 #include "myAutomation.h"
 
+// Pass 1d Detect sequence duplicates.
+// This pass generates no runtime data or code 
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef AUTOMATION
+#define AUTOMATION(id, description) id,
+#undef ROUTE
+#define ROUTE(id, description) id,
+#undef SEQUENCE
+#define SEQUENCE(id) id,
+constexpr int16_t compileTimeSequenceList[]={
+   #include "myAutomation.h"
+   0
+   };
+constexpr int16_t stuffSize=sizeof(compileTimeSequenceList)/sizeof(int16_t) - 1;
+
+
+// Compile time function to check for sequence nos.
+constexpr bool hasseq(const int16_t value, const int16_t pos=0 ) {
+    return pos>=stuffSize? false :
+          compileTimeSequenceList[pos]==value 
+       || hasseq(value,pos+1); 
+}
+
+// Compile time function to check for duplicate sequence nos.
+constexpr bool hasdup(const int16_t value, const int16_t pos ) {
+    return pos>=stuffSize? false :
+          compileTimeSequenceList[pos]==value 
+       || hasseq(value,pos+1) 
+       || hasdup(compileTimeSequenceList[pos],pos+1);
+}
+
+
+static_assert(!hasdup(compileTimeSequenceList[0],1),"Duplicate SEQUENCE/ROUTE/AUTOMATION detected");
+
+//pass 1s static asserts to
+//  - check call and follows etc for existing sequence numbers
+//  - check range on LATCH/UNLATCH
+// This pass generates no runtime data or code 
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef ASPECT
+#define ASPECT(address,value) static_assert(address <=2044, "invalid Address"); \
+                              static_assert(address>=-3, "Invalid value");
+#undef CALL
+#define CALL(id) static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef FOLLOW
+#define FOLLOW(id)  static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef START
+#define START(id)  static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef SENDLOCO
+#define SENDLOCO(cab,id) static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef LATCH
+#define LATCH(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef UNLATCH
+#define UNLATCH(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef RESERVE
+#define RESERVE(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef FREE
+#define FREE(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef SPEED
+#define SPEED(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+#undef FWD
+#define FWD(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+#undef REV
+#define REV(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+
+#include "myAutomation.h"
+
+// Pass 1g Implants STEALTH_GLOBAL in correct place 
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef STEALTH_GLOBAL
+#define STEALTH_GLOBAL(code...) code
+#include "myAutomation.h"
+
 // Pass 1h Implements HAL macro by creating exrailHalSetup function
 // Also allows creating EXTurntable object
 #include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
 #undef HAL
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)  haltype::create(params);
-void exrailHalSetup() {
+#undef HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS ignore_defaults=true;
+#undef JMRI_SENSOR
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...) Sensor::createMultiple(vpin,##count);
+#undef  CONFIGURE_SERVO
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile) IODevice::configureServo(vpin,pos1,pos2,PCA9685::profile);
+bool exrailHalSetup() {
+   bool ignore_defaults=false;
    #include "myAutomation.h"
+   return ignore_defaults;
 }
 
 // Pass 1c detect compile time featurtes
@@ -93,6 +178,8 @@ void exrailHalSetup() {
 #define SERVO_SIGNAL(vpin,redval,amberval,greenval) | FEATURE_SIGNAL 
 #undef DCC_SIGNAL
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,addr,subaddr) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
 #undef VIRTUAL_SIGNAL
 #define VIRTUAL_SIGNAL(id) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
 
@@ -121,6 +208,8 @@ void exrailHalSetup() {
 #define PICKUP_STASH(id) | FEATURE_STASH
 #undef STASH
 #define STASH(id) | FEATURE_STASH
+#undef BLINK
+#define BLINK(vpin,onDuty,offDuty) | FEATURE_BLINK
 
 const byte RMFT2::compileFeatures = 0
    #include "myAutomation.h"
@@ -172,6 +261,9 @@ const int StringMacroTracker1=__COUNTER__;
 #define PRINT(msg) THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_print)
 #undef LCN
 #define LCN(msg)   THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_lcn)
+#undef MESSAGE
+#define MESSAGE(msg) THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_message)
+
 #undef ROUTE_CAPTION
 #define ROUTE_CAPTION(id,caption) \
 case (__COUNTER__ - StringMacroTracker1) : {\
@@ -269,6 +361,8 @@ const FSH * RMFT2::getTurntableDescription(int16_t turntableId) {
 #define TT_ADDPOSITION(turntable_id,position,value,home,description...) T_DESC(turntable_id,position,description)
 
 const FSH * RMFT2::getTurntablePositionDescription(int16_t turntableId, uint8_t positionId) {
+  (void)turntableId;
+  (void)positionId;
    #include "myAutomation.h"
    return NULL;
 }
@@ -322,6 +416,8 @@ const FSH * RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(int16_t id) {
 #define SERVO_SIGNAL(vpin,redval,amberval,greenval) vpin | RMFT2::SERVO_SIGNAL_FLAG,redval,amberval,greenval, 
 #undef DCC_SIGNAL
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,addr,subaddr) id | RMFT2::DCC_SIGNAL_FLAG,addr,subaddr,0,
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect) id | RMFT2::DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect,
 #undef VIRTUAL_SIGNAL
 #define VIRTUAL_SIGNAL(id) id,0,0,0,
 
@@ -356,17 +452,20 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define ALIAS(name,value...) 
 #define AMBER(signal_id) OPCODE_AMBER,V(signal_id),
 #define ANOUT(vpin,value,param1,param2) OPCODE_SERVO,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),OPCODE_PAD,V(param1),OPCODE_PAD,V(param2),
+#define ASPECT(address,value) OPCODE_ASPECT,V((address<<5) | (value & 0x1F)),
 #define AT(sensor_id) OPCODE_AT,V(sensor_id),
 #define ATGTE(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_ATGTE,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),  
 #define ATLT(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_ATLT,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),  
 #define ATTIMEOUT(sensor_id,timeout) OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT1,0,0,OPCODE_ATTIMEOUT2,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(timeout/100L),
 #define AUTOMATION(id, description)  OPCODE_AUTOMATION, V(id), 
 #define AUTOSTART OPCODE_AUTOSTART,0,0,
+#define BLINK(vpin,onDuty,offDuty) OPCODE_BLINK,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(onDuty),OPCODE_PAD,V(offDuty),
 #define BROADCAST(msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define CALL(route) OPCODE_CALL,V(route),
 #define CLEAR_STASH(id) OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH,V(id),
 #define CLEAR_ALL_STASH OPCODE_CLEAR_ALL_STASH,V(0),
 #define CLOSE(id)  OPCODE_CLOSE,V(id),
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile)
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
 #define DCC_TURNTABLE(id,home,description...) OPCODE_DCCTURNTABLE,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(home),
 #endif
@@ -376,6 +475,7 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define DELAYMINS(mindelay) OPCODE_DELAYMINS,V(mindelay),
 #define DELAYRANDOM(mindelay,maxdelay) DELAY(mindelay) OPCODE_RANDWAIT,V((maxdelay-mindelay)/100L),
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,add,subaddr)
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
 #define DONE OPCODE_ENDTASK,0,0,
 #define DRIVE(analogpin) OPCODE_DRIVE,V(analogpin),
 #define ELSE OPCODE_ELSE,0,0,
@@ -393,9 +493,11 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define FON(func) OPCODE_FON,V(func),
 #define FORGET OPCODE_FORGET,0,0,
 #define FREE(blockid) OPCODE_FREE,V(blockid),
+#define FTOGGLE(func) OPCODE_FTOGGLE,V(func),
 #define FWD(speed) OPCODE_FWD,V(speed),
 #define GREEN(signal_id) OPCODE_GREEN,V(signal_id),
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #define IF(sensor_id) OPCODE_IF,V(sensor_id),
 #define IFAMBER(signal_id) OPCODE_IFAMBER,V(signal_id),
 #define IFCLOSED(turnout_id) OPCODE_IFCLOSED,V(turnout_id),
@@ -414,6 +516,7 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #endif
 #define IFRE(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_IFRE,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),
 #define INVERT_DIRECTION OPCODE_INVERT_DIRECTION,0,0,
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...)
 #define JOIN OPCODE_JOIN,0,0,
 #define KILLALL OPCODE_KILLALL,0,0,
 #define LATCH(sensor_id) OPCODE_LATCH,V(sensor_id),
@@ -425,7 +528,9 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define LCD(id,msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define SCREEN(display,id,msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define STEALTH(code...) PRINT(dummy)
+#define STEALTH_GLOBAL(code...) 
 #define LCN(msg) PRINT(msg)
+#define MESSAGE(msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define MOVETT(id,steps,activity) OPCODE_SERVO,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(steps),OPCODE_PAD,V(EXTurntable::activity),OPCODE_PAD,V(0),
 #define ONACTIVATE(addr,subaddr) OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,V(addr<<2|subaddr),
 #define ONACTIVATEL(linear) OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,V(linear+3),
@@ -448,6 +553,8 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #endif
 #define ONTHROW(turnout_id) OPCODE_ONTHROW,V(turnout_id),
 #define ONCHANGE(sensor_id) OPCODE_ONCHANGE,V(sensor_id),
+#define ONSENSOR(sensor_id) OPCODE_ONSENSOR,V(sensor_id),
+#define ONBUTTON(sensor_id) OPCODE_ONBUTTON,V(sensor_id),
 #define PAUSE OPCODE_PAUSE,0,0,
 #define PICKUP_STASH(id) OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH,V(id),
 #define PIN_TURNOUT(id,pin,description...) OPCODE_PINTURNOUT,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(pin),
@@ -493,6 +600,7 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define SET_TRACK(track,mode)  OPCODE_SET_TRACK,V(TRACK_MODE_##mode  <<8 | TRACK_NUMBER_##track),
 #define SET_POWER(track,onoff) OPCODE_SET_POWER,V(TRACK_POWER_##onoff),OPCODE_PAD, V(TRACK_NUMBER_##track),
 #define SETLOCO(loco) OPCODE_SETLOCO,V(loco),
+#define SETFREQ(loco,freq) OPCODE_SETLOCO,V(loco), OPCODE_SETFREQ,V(freq),
 #define SIGNAL(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SIGNALH(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SPEED(speed) OPCODE_SPEED,V(speed),
@@ -500,6 +608,7 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #define STASH(id) OPCODE_STASH,V(id), 
 #define STOP OPCODE_SPEED,V(0), 
 #define THROW(id)  OPCODE_THROW,V(id),
+#define TOGGLE_TURNOUT(id)  OPCODE_TOGGLE_TURNOUT,V(id),
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
 #define TT_ADDPOSITION(id,position,value,angle,description...) OPCODE_TTADDPOSITION,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(position),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),OPCODE_PAD,V(angle),
 #endif
@@ -516,6 +625,7 @@ int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
 #endif
 #define XFOFF(cab,func) OPCODE_XFOFF,V(cab),OPCODE_PAD,V(func),
 #define XFON(cab,func) OPCODE_XFON,V(cab),OPCODE_PAD,V(func),
+#define XFTOGGLE(cab,func) OPCODE_XFTOGGLE,V(cab),OPCODE_PAD,V(func),
 
 // Build RouteCode
 const int StringMacroTracker2=__COUNTER__;

EXRAILSensor.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2024 Chris Harlow
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/**********************************************************************
+EXRAILSensor represents a sensor that should be monitored in order
+to call an exrail ONBUTTON or ONCHANGE handler.
+These are created at EXRAIL startup and thus need no delete or listing
+capability.
+The basic logic is similar to that found in the Sensor class
+except that on the relevant change an EXRAIL thread is started.    
+**********************************************************************/
+
+#include "EXRAILSensor.h"
+#include "EXRAIL2.h"
+
+void EXRAILSensor::checkAll() {
+  if (firstSensor == NULL) return;  // No sensors to be scanned
+  if (readingSensor == NULL) { 
+    // Not currently scanning sensor list
+    unsigned long thisTime = micros();
+    if (thisTime - lastReadCycle < cycleInterval) return;
+    // Required time has elapsed since last read cycle started,
+    // so initiate new scan through the sensor list
+    readingSensor = firstSensor;
+    lastReadCycle = thisTime;
+  }
+  
+  // Loop until either end of list is encountered or we pause for some reason
+  byte sensorCount = 0;
+
+  while (readingSensor != NULL) {
+    bool pause=readingSensor->check();
+    // Move to next sensor in list.
+    readingSensor = readingSensor->nextSensor;
+    // Currently process max of 16 sensors per entry.
+    // Performance measurements taken during development indicate that, with 128 sensors configured
+    // on 8x 16-pin MCP23017 GPIO expanders with polling (no change notification), all inputs can be read from the devices
+    // within 1.4ms (400Mhz I2C bus speed), and a full cycle of checking 128 sensors for changes takes under a millisecond.
+    if (pause || (++sensorCount)>=16) return; 
+  }
+} 
+
+bool EXRAILSensor::check() {
+  // check for debounced change in this sensor 
+  inputState = IODevice::read(pin);
+
+  // Check if changed since last time, and process changes.
+  if (inputState == active) {// no change
+    latchDelay = minReadCount; // Reset counter
+    return false;  // no change 
+  }
+
+    // Change detected ... has it stayed changed for long enough
+    if (latchDelay > 0) {
+      latchDelay--;
+      return false; 
+    } 
+    
+    // change validated, act on it.
+    active = inputState;
+    latchDelay = minReadCount;  // Reset debounce counter
+    if (onChange || active) {
+      new RMFT2(progCounter);
+      return true;  // Don't check any more sensors on this entry
+    }
+    return false; 
+}
+
+EXRAILSensor::EXRAILSensor(VPIN _pin, int _progCounter, bool _onChange) {
+  // Add to the start of the list
+  //DIAG(F("ONthing vpin=%d at %d"), _pin, _progCounter);
+  nextSensor = firstSensor;
+  firstSensor = this;
+
+  pin=_pin;
+  progCounter=_progCounter;
+  onChange=_onChange;
+
+  IODevice::configureInput(pin, true);   
+  active = IODevice::read(pin);
+  inputState = active;
+  latchDelay = minReadCount;
+}
+
+EXRAILSensor *EXRAILSensor::firstSensor=NULL;
+EXRAILSensor *EXRAILSensor::readingSensor=NULL;
+unsigned long EXRAILSensor::lastReadCycle=0;

EXRAILSensor.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2024 Chris Harlow
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EXRAILSensor_h
+#define EXRAILSensor_h 
+#include "IODevice.h"
+class EXRAILSensor {
+  static EXRAILSensor * firstSensor;
+ static EXRAILSensor * readingSensor;
+ static unsigned long lastReadCycle;
+ 
+  public:
+  static void checkAll();
+  
+  EXRAILSensor(VPIN _pin, int _progCounter, bool _onChange);
+  bool check();
+  
+  private:
+  static const unsigned int cycleInterval = 10000; // min time between consecutive reads of each sensor in microsecs.
+                                                   // should not be less than device scan cycle time.
+  static const byte minReadCount = 4; // number of additional scans before acting on change
+                                        // E.g. 1 means that a change is ignored for one scan and actioned on the next.
+                                        // Max value is 63
+  
+  EXRAILSensor* nextSensor;
+  VPIN pin; 
+  int progCounter; 
+  bool active; 
+  bool inputState;
+  bool onChange;
+  byte latchDelay;
+};
+#endif

EthernetInterface.cpp

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ void EthernetInterface::setup()
 };
 
 
+#ifdef IP_ADDRESS
+static IPAddress myIP(IP_ADDRESS);
+#endif
+
 /**
  * @brief Aquire IP Address from DHCP and start server
  * 
@@ -60,14 +64,14 @@ EthernetInterface::EthernetInterface()
     connected=false;
    
 #ifdef IP_ADDRESS
-    if (Ethernet.begin(mac, IP_ADDRESS) == 0)
+    Ethernet.begin(mac, myIP);
 #else
     if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0)
-#endif
     {
         DIAG(F("Ethernet.begin FAILED"));
         return;
     } 
+#endif
     if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
       DIAG(F("Ethernet shield not found or W5100"));
     }
@@ -136,7 +140,7 @@ bool EthernetInterface::checkLink() {
       DIAG(F("Ethernet cable connected"));
       connected=true;
       #ifdef IP_ADDRESS
-      Ethernet.setLocalIP(IP_ADDRESS);      // for static IP, set it again
+      Ethernet.setLocalIP(myIP);      // for static IP, set it again
       #endif
       IPAddress ip = Ethernet.localIP();    // look what IP was obtained (dynamic or static)
       server = new EthernetServer(IP_PORT); // Ethernet Server listening on default port IP_PORT

GITHUB_SHA.h

@@ -1 +1 @@
-#define GITHUB_SHA "devel-202401100719Z"
+#define GITHUB_SHA "devel-202404061747Z"

I2CManager.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ static const FSH * guessI2CDeviceType(uint8_t address) {
     return F("Time-of-flight sensor");
   else if (address >= 0x3c && address <= 0x3d)
     return F("OLED Display");
+  else if (address >= 0x48 && address <= 0x57) // SC16IS752x UART detection
+    return F("SC16IS75x UART");
   else if (address >= 0x48 && address <= 0x4f)
     return F("Analogue Inputs or PWM");
   else if (address >= 0x40 && address <= 0x4f)
@@ -363,4 +365,4 @@ void I2CAddress::toHex(const uint8_t value, char *buffer) {
 
 /* static */ bool I2CAddress::_addressWarningDone = false;
 
-#endif
+#endif

I2CManager_STM32.h

@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_setClock(uint32_t i2cClockSpeed) {
   // Calculate a rise time appropriate to the requested bus speed
   // Use 10x the rise time spec to enable integer divide of 50ns clock period
   uint16_t t_rise;
-  uint32_t ccr_freq;
 
   while (s->CR1 & I2C_CR1_STOP);  // Prevents lockup by guarding further
                                   // writes to CR1 while STOP is being executed!

IODevice.cpp

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 // Link to halSetup function.  If not defined, the function reference will be NULL.
 extern __attribute__((weak)) void halSetup();
-extern __attribute__((weak)) void exrailHalSetup();
+extern __attribute__((weak)) bool exrailHalSetup();
 
 //==================================================================================================================
 // Static methods
@@ -60,34 +60,31 @@ void IODevice::begin() {
     halSetup();
 
   // include any HAL devices defined in exrail. 
+  bool ignoreDefaults=false;
   if (exrailHalSetup)
-    exrailHalSetup();
-
+    ignoreDefaults=exrailHalSetup();
+  if (ignoreDefaults) return;
+  
   // Predefine two PCA9685 modules 0x40-0x41 if no conflicts
   // Allocates 32 pins 100-131
-  if (checkNoOverlap(100, 16, 0x40)) {
+  const bool silent=true; // no message if these conflict
+  if (checkNoOverlap(100, 16, 0x40, silent)) {
     PCA9685::create(100, 16, 0x40);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default PCA9685 at I2C 0x40 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
-  if (checkNoOverlap(116, 16, 0x41)) {
+  } 
+
+  if (checkNoOverlap(116, 16, 0x41, silent)) {
     PCA9685::create(116, 16, 0x41);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default PCA9685 at I2C 0x41 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
+  } 
   
   // Predefine two MCP23017 module 0x20/0x21 if no conflicts
   // Allocates 32 pins 164-195
-  if (checkNoOverlap(164, 16, 0x20)) {
+  if (checkNoOverlap(164, 16, 0x20, silent)) {
     MCP23017::create(164, 16, 0x20);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default MCP23017 at I2C 0x20 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
-  if (checkNoOverlap(180, 16, 0x21)) {
+  } 
+
+  if (checkNoOverlap(180, 16, 0x21, silent)) {
     MCP23017::create(180, 16, 0x21);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default MCP23017 at I2C 0x21 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
+  } 
 }
 
 // reset() function to reinitialise all devices
@@ -339,7 +336,10 @@ IODevice *IODevice::findDeviceFollowing(VPIN vpin) {
 // returns true if pins DONT overlap with existing device
 // TODO: Move the I2C address reservation and checks into the I2CManager code.
 // That will enable non-HAL devices to reserve I2C addresses too.
-bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress) {
+// Silent is used by the default setup so that there is no message if the default 
+// device has already been handled by the user setup.
+bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, 
+      I2CAddress i2cAddress, bool silent) {
 #ifdef DIAG_IO
   DIAG(F("Check no overlap %u %u %s"), firstPin,nPins,i2cAddress.toString());
 #endif
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddres
       VPIN lastDevPin=firstDevPin+dev->_nPins-1;
       bool noOverlap= firstPin>lastDevPin || lastPin<firstDevPin;
       if (!noOverlap) {
-          DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap, redefinition of Vpins %u to %u ignored."),
+          if (!silent) DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap, redefinition of Vpins %u to %u ignored."),
               firstPin, lastPin);
           return false;
       } 
     }
     // Check for overlapping I2C address
     if (i2cAddress && dev->_I2CAddress==i2cAddress) {
-      DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap. i2c Addr %s ignored."),i2cAddress.toString());
+      if (!silent) DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap. i2c Addr %s ignored."),i2cAddress.toString());
       return false;
     } 
   }

IODevice.h

@@ -166,7 +166,8 @@ public:
   void setGPIOInterruptPin(int16_t pinNumber);
 
   // Method to check if pins will overlap before creating new device. 
-  static bool checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins=1, I2CAddress i2cAddress=0);
+  static bool checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins=1, 
+                  I2CAddress i2cAddress=0, bool silent=false);
 
   // Method used by IODevice filters to locate slave pins that may be overlayed by their own
   // pin range.  

IO_EXIOExpander.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022, Peter Cole. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2024, Harald Barth. All rights reserved.
  *
  *  This file is part of EX-CommandStation
  *
@@ -100,8 +101,14 @@ private:
             if (_digitalPinBytes < digitalBytesNeeded) {
               // Not enough space, free any existing buffer and allocate a new one
               if (_digitalPinBytes > 0) free(_digitalInputStates);
-              _digitalInputStates = (byte*) calloc(_digitalPinBytes, 1);
-              _digitalPinBytes = digitalBytesNeeded;
+              if ((_digitalInputStates = (byte*) calloc(digitalBytesNeeded, 1)) != NULL) {
+                _digitalPinBytes = digitalBytesNeeded;
+              } else {
+                DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander I2C:%s ERROR alloc %d bytes"), _I2CAddress.toString(), digitalBytesNeeded);
+                _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+                _digitalPinBytes = 0;
+                return;
+              }
             }
           }
           
@@ -117,7 +124,16 @@ private:
               _analogueInputStates = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
               _analogueInputBuffer = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
               _analoguePinMap = (uint8_t*) calloc(_numAnaloguePins, 1);
-              _analoguePinBytes = analogueBytesNeeded;
+	      if (_analogueInputStates  != NULL &&
+		  _analogueInputBuffer != NULL &&
+		  _analoguePinMap != NULL) {
+		_analoguePinBytes = analogueBytesNeeded;
+	      } else {
+		DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander I2C:%s ERROR alloc analog pin bytes"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+		_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+		_analoguePinBytes = 0;
+		return;
+	      }
             }
           }
         } else {
@@ -241,7 +257,7 @@ private:
 
     // If we're not doing anything now, check to see if a new input transfer is due.
     if (_readState == RDS_IDLE) {
-      if (currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh && _numDigitalPins>0) { // Delay for digital read refresh
+      if (_numDigitalPins>0 && currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh) { // Delay for digital read refresh
         // Issue new read request for digital states.  As the request is non-blocking, the buffer has to
         // be allocated from heap (object state).
         _readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDD;
@@ -249,7 +265,7 @@ private:
                                                                 // non-blocking read
         _lastDigitalRead = currentMicros;
         _readState = RDS_DIGITAL;
-      } else if (currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh && _numAnaloguePins>0) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
+      } else if (_numAnaloguePins>0 && currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
         // Issue new read for analogue input states
         _readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDAN;
         I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _analogueInputBuffer,
@@ -364,14 +380,14 @@ private:
   uint8_t _minorVer = 0;
   uint8_t _patchVer = 0;
 
-  uint8_t* _digitalInputStates;
-  uint8_t* _analogueInputStates;
-  uint8_t* _analogueInputBuffer;  // buffer for I2C input transfers
+  uint8_t* _digitalInputStates  = NULL;
+  uint8_t* _analogueInputStates = NULL;
+  uint8_t* _analogueInputBuffer = NULL;  // buffer for I2C input transfers
   uint8_t _readCommandBuffer[1];
 
-  uint8_t _digitalPinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
-  uint8_t _analoguePinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffers (may be longer than needed)
-  uint8_t* _analoguePinMap;
+  uint8_t _digitalPinBytes = 0;   // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
+  uint8_t _analoguePinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
+  uint8_t* _analoguePinMap = NULL;
   I2CRB _i2crb;
 
   enum {RDS_IDLE, RDS_DIGITAL, RDS_ANALOGUE};  // Read operation states

IO_EXTurntable.cpp

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ void EXTurntable::_loop(unsigned long currentMicros) {
 // Read returns status as obtained in our loop.
 // Return false if our status value is invalid.
 int EXTurntable::_read(VPIN vpin) {
+  (void)vpin; // surpress warning
   if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return 0;
   if (_stepperStatus > 1) {
     return false;
@@ -127,6 +128,8 @@ void EXTurntable::_writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t activity, uint16_
     vpin, value, activity, duration);
   DIAG(F("I2CManager write I2C Address:%d stepsMSB:%d stepsLSB:%d activity:%d"),
     _I2CAddress.toString(), stepsMSB, stepsLSB, activity);
+#else
+  (void)duration;
 #endif
   if (activity < 4) _stepperStatus = 1;     // Tell the device driver Turntable-EX is busy
   _previousStatus = _stepperStatus;

IO_HALDisplay.h

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 /*
- *  © 2023, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2024, Paul Antoine
+ *  © 2023, Neil McKechnie
+ *  All rights reserved.
  *  
- *  This file is part of DCC++EX API
+ *  This file is part of DCC-EX API
  *
  *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -112,13 +114,14 @@ protected:
     // Fill buffer with spaces
     memset(_buffer, ' ', _numCols*_numRows);
 
-    _displayDriver->clearNative();
-
     // Add device to list of HAL devices (not necessary but allows
     // status to be displayed using <D HAL SHOW> and device to be
     // reinitialised using <D HAL RESET>).
     IODevice::addDevice(this);
 
+    // Moved after addDevice() to ensure I2CManager.begin() has been called fisrt
+    _displayDriver->clearNative();
+
     // Also add this display to list of display handlers
     DisplayInterface::addDisplay(displayNo);
 

IO_I2CDFPlayer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,805 @@
+   /*
+ *  © 2023, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of DCC++EX API
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * DFPlayer is an MP3 player module with an SD card holder.  It also has an integrated
+ * amplifier, so it only needs a power supply and a speaker.
+ * This driver is a modified version of the IO_DFPlayer.h file
+ * *********************************************************************************************
+ * 
+ * Dec 2023, Added NXP SC16IS752 I2C Dual UART to enable the DFPlayer connection over the I2C bus
+ * The SC16IS752 has 64 bytes TX & RX FIFO buffer
+ * First version without interrupts from I2C UART and only RX/TX are used, interrupts may not be
+ * needed as the RX Fifo holds the reply 
+ * 
+ * Jan 2024, Issue with using both UARTs simultaniously, the secod uart seems to work  but the first transmit 
+ * corrupt data. This need more analysis and experimenatation. 
+ * Will push this driver to the dev branch with the uart fixed to 0 
+ * Both SC16IS750 (single uart) and SC16IS752 (dual uart, but only uart 0 is enable)
+ * 
+ * myHall.cpp configuration syntax:
+ * 
+ * I2CDFPlayer::create(1st vPin, vPins, I2C address, xtal);
+ * 
+ * Parameters:
+ * 1st vPin     : First virtual pin that EX-Rail can control to play a sound, use PLAYSOUND command (alias of ANOUT)
+ * vPins        : Total number of virtual pins allocated (2 vPins are supported, one for each UART)
+ *                1st vPin for UART 0, 2nd for UART 1
+ * I2C Address  : I2C address of the serial controller, in 0x format
+ * xtal         : 0 for 1,8432Mhz, 1 for 14,7456Mhz
+ * 
+ * The vPin is also a pin that can be read, it indicate if the DFPlayer has finished playing a track
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef IO_I2CDFPlayer_h
+#define IO_I2CDFPlayer_h
+
+#include "IODevice.h"
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+#include "DIAG.h"
+
+// Debug and diagnostic defines, enable too many will result in slowing the driver
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+
+class I2CDFPlayer : public IODevice {
+private: 
+  const uint8_t MAXVOLUME=30;
+  uint8_t RETRYCOUNT = 0x03;
+  bool _playing = false;
+  uint8_t _inputIndex = 0;
+  unsigned long _commandSendTime; // Time (us) that last transmit took place.
+  unsigned long _timeoutTime;
+  uint8_t _recvCMD;  // Last received command code byte
+  bool _awaitingResponse = false;  
+  uint8_t _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT; // Max retries before timing out
+  uint8_t _requestedVolumeLevel = MAXVOLUME;
+  uint8_t _currentVolume = MAXVOLUME;
+  int _requestedSong = -1;  // -1=none, 0=stop, >0=file number
+  bool _repeat = false; // audio file is repeat playing
+  uint8_t _previousCmd = true;
+  // SC16IS752 defines
+  I2CAddress _I2CAddress;
+  I2CRB _rb;
+  uint8_t _UART_CH=0x00;  // Fix uart ch to 0 for now
+  // Communication parameters for the DFPlayer are fixed at 8 bit, No parity, 1 stopbit
+  uint8_t WORD_LEN = 0x03;    // Value LCR bit 0,1
+  uint8_t STOP_BIT = 0x00;    // Value LCR bit 2 
+  uint8_t PARITY_ENA = 0x00;  // Value LCR bit 3
+  uint8_t PARITY_TYPE = 0x00; // Value LCR bit 4
+  uint32_t BAUD_RATE = 9600;
+  uint8_t PRESCALER = 0x01;   // Value MCR bit 7
+  uint8_t TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00;
+  uint8_t FIFO_RX_LEVEL = 0x00;
+  uint8_t RX_BUFFER = 0x00; // nr of bytes copied into _inbuffer
+  uint8_t FIFO_TX_LEVEL = 0x00;  
+  bool _playCmd = false;
+  bool _volCmd = false;
+  bool _folderCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _requestedFolder = 0x01; // default to folder 01
+  uint8_t _currentFolder = 0x01; // default to folder 01
+  bool _repeatCmd = false;
+  bool _stopplayCmd = false;
+  bool _resetCmd = false;
+  bool _eqCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _requestedEQValue = DF_NORMAL;
+  uint8_t _currentEQvalue = DF_NORMAL; // start equalizer value
+  bool _daconCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _audioMixer = 0x01; // Default to output amplifier 1
+  bool _setamCmd = false; // Set the Audio mixer channel
+  uint8_t _outbuffer [11]; // DFPlayer command is 10 bytes + 1 byte register address & UART channel
+  uint8_t _inbuffer[10]; // expected DFPlayer return 10 bytes
+   
+  unsigned long _sc16is752_xtal_freq;
+  unsigned long SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_LOW = 1843200; // To support cheap eBay/AliExpress SC16IS752 boards
+  unsigned long SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_HIGH = 14745600; // Support for higher baud rates, standard for modular EX-IO system
+   
+public:
+  // Constructor
+   I2CDFPlayer(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress, uint8_t xtal){
+    _firstVpin = firstVpin;
+    _nPins = nPins;
+    _I2CAddress = i2cAddress;
+    if (xtal == 0){
+      _sc16is752_xtal_freq = SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_LOW;
+    } else { // should be 1
+        _sc16is752_xtal_freq = SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_HIGH;
+      }
+    addDevice(this);
+   } 
+  
+public:
+  static void create(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress, uint8_t xtal) {
+    if (checkNoOverlap(firstVpin, nPins, i2cAddress)) new I2CDFPlayer(firstVpin, nPins, i2cAddress, xtal); 
+    }
+
+  void _begin() override {
+    // check if SC16IS752 exist first, initialize and then resume DFPlayer init via SC16IS752
+    I2CManager.begin();
+    I2CManager.setClock(1000000);
+    if (I2CManager.exists(_I2CAddress)){
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART detected"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+      Init_SC16IS752(); // Initialize UART
+      if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED){
+        DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART initialization failed"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+        }
+      } else {
+         DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART not detected"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+        }
+      #if defined(DIAG_IO)
+      _display();
+      #endif
+      // Now init DFPlayer
+      // Send a query to the device to see if it responds
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_INITIALISING; 
+      sendPacket(0x42,0,0);
+      _timeoutTime = micros() + 5000000UL;  // 5 second timeout      
+      _awaitingResponse = true; 
+     }
+  
+  
+  void _loop(unsigned long currentMicros) override {
+    // Read responses from device
+    uint8_t status = _rb.status;
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_PENDING) return;  // Busy, so don't do anything
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK) { 
+      processIncoming(currentMicros);
+          // Check if a command sent to device has timed out.  Allow 0.5 second for response
+          // added retry counter, sometimes we do not sent keep alive due to other commands sent to DFPlayer
+      if (_awaitingResponse && (int32_t)(currentMicros - _timeoutTime) > 0) { // timeout triggered
+        if(_retryCounter == 0){ // retry counter out of luck, must take the device to failed state     
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer:%s, DFPlayer not responding on UART channel: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+          _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+          _awaitingResponse = false;
+          _playing = false;
+          _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT;
+        } else { // timeout and retry protection and recovery of corrupt data frames from DFPlayer
+            #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, DFPlayer timout, retry counter: %d on UART channel: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _retryCounter, _UART_CH);
+            #endif
+            _timeoutTime = currentMicros + 5000000UL;  // Timeout if no response within 5 seconds// reset timeout
+            _awaitingResponse = false; // trigger sending a keep alive 0x42 in processOutgoing()
+            _retryCounter --; // decrement retry counter                        
+            resetRX_fifo(); // reset the RX fifo as it has corrupt data            
+          }
+      }      
+    }
+
+    status = _rb.status;
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_PENDING) return;  // Busy, try next time
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK) {
+     // Send any commands that need to go.
+      processOutgoing(currentMicros);
+     }
+    delayUntil(currentMicros + 10000); // Only enter every 10ms    
+  }
+
+ 
+  // Check for incoming data, and update busy flag and other state accordingly
+ 
+  void processIncoming(unsigned long currentMicros) {
+    // Expected message is in the form "7E FF 06 3D xx xx xx xx xx EF"
+    RX_fifo_lvl();
+    if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL >= 10) {      
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+        DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s Retrieving data from RX Fifo on UART_CH: 0x%x FIFO_RX_LEVEL: %d"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, FIFO_RX_LEVEL); 
+      #endif
+      _outbuffer[0] = REG_RHR << 3 | _UART_CH << 1;
+      // Only copy 10 bytes from RX FIFO, there maybe additional partial return data after a track is finished playing in the RX FIFO
+      I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _inbuffer, 10, _outbuffer, 1); // inbuffer[] has the data now
+      //delayUntil(currentMicros + 10000); // Allow time to get the data
+      RX_BUFFER = 10; // We have copied 10 bytes from RX FIFO to _inbuffer
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+          DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, RX FIFO Data"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+          for (int i = 0; i < sizeof _inbuffer; i++){
+            DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Data _inbuffer[0x%x]: 0x%x"), i, _inbuffer[i]);  
+          }
+        #endif       
+    } else {
+        FIFO_RX_LEVEL = 0; //set to 0, we'll read a fresh FIFO_RX_LEVEL next time
+        return; // No data or not enough data in rx fifo, check again next time around
+      }
+
+    
+    bool ok = false;
+    //DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: RX_BUFFER: %d"), RX_BUFFER);
+    while (RX_BUFFER != 0) {
+      int c = _inbuffer[_inputIndex]; // Start at 0, increment to FIFO_RX_LEVEL
+      switch (_inputIndex) {
+        case 0:
+          if (c == 0x7E) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 1:
+          if (c == 0xFF) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 2:
+          if (c== 0x06) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 3:
+          _recvCMD = c; // CMD byte
+          ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 6:
+          switch (_recvCMD) {
+            //DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, _recvCMD: 0x%x _awaitingResponse: 0x0%x"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _recvCMD, _awaitingResponse);
+            case 0x42:
+              // Response to status query
+              _playing = (c != 0);              
+              // Mark the device online and cancel timeout
+              if (_deviceState==DEVSTATE_INITIALISING) {
+                _deviceState = DEVSTATE_NORMAL;
+                #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+                 DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, UART_CH: 0x0%x, _deviceState: 0x0%x"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, _deviceState);
+                #endif 
+                #ifdef DIAG_IO
+                _display();
+                #endif
+              }
+              _awaitingResponse = false;
+              break;
+            case 0x3d:            
+              // End of play
+              if (_playing) {
+                #ifdef DIAG_IO
+                  DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Finished"));
+                #endif
+                _playing = false;
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x40:
+              // Error codes; 1: Module Busy
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Error %d returned from device"), c);
+              _playing = false;
+              break;
+          }
+          ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 4: case 5: case 7: case 8: 
+          ok = true;  // Skip over these bytes in message.
+          break;
+        case 9:
+          if (c==0xef) {
+            // Message finished
+            _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT; // reset the retry counter as we have received a valid packet
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+      if (ok){
+        _inputIndex++;  // character as expected, so increment index
+        RX_BUFFER --; // Decrease FIFO_RX_LEVEL with each character read from _inbuffer[_inputIndex]
+      } else {
+        _inputIndex = 0;  // otherwise reset.
+        RX_BUFFER = 0;
+      }
+    }
+    RX_BUFFER = 0; //Set to 0, we'll read a new RX FIFO level again
+  }
+
+
+  // Send any commands that need to be sent
+  void processOutgoing(unsigned long currentMicros) {
+    // When two commands are sent in quick succession, the device will often fail to 
+    // execute one.  Testing has indicated that a delay of 100ms or more is required
+    // between successive commands to get reliable operation.
+    // If 100ms has elapsed since the last thing sent, then check if there's some output to do.
+    if (((int32_t)currentMicros - _commandSendTime) > 100000) {
+      if ( _resetCmd == true){
+          sendPacket(0x0C,0,0);
+          _resetCmd = false;          
+      } else if(_volCmd == true) { // do the volme before palying a track
+         if(_requestedVolumeLevel >= 0 && _requestedVolumeLevel <= 30){         
+         _currentVolume = _requestedVolumeLevel; // If _requestedVolumeLevel is out of range, sent _currentV1olume      
+         }
+         sendPacket(0x06, 0x00, _currentVolume);
+        _volCmd = false;
+      } else if (_playCmd == true) {
+        // Change song
+        if (_requestedSong != -1) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: _requestedVolumeLevel: %u, _requestedSong: %u, _currentFolder: %u _playCmd: 0x%x"), _requestedVolumeLevel, _requestedSong, _currentFolder, _playCmd);
+          #endif               
+          sendPacket(0x0F, _currentFolder, _requestedSong);  // audio file in folder          
+          _requestedSong = -1; 
+          _playCmd = false;
+        }           
+      } //else if (_requestedSong == 0) {
+        else if (_stopplayCmd == true) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Stop playing: _stopplayCmd: 0x%x"), _stopplayCmd);
+          #endif
+        sendPacket(0x16, 0x00, 0x00);  // Stop playing        
+        _requestedSong = -1;
+        _repeat = false; // reset repeat        
+        _stopplayCmd = false;
+        } else if (_folderCmd == true) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Folder: _folderCmd: 0x%x, _requestedFolder: %d"), _stopplayCmd, _requestedFolder);
+          #endif
+          if (_currentFolder != _requestedFolder){
+            _currentFolder = _requestedFolder;
+          }
+          _folderCmd = false;
+      } else if (_repeatCmd == true) {
+        if(_repeat == false) { // No repeat play currently
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Repeat: _repeatCmd: 0x%x, _requestedSong: %d, _repeat: 0x0%x"), _repeatCmd, _requestedSong, _repeat);
+          #endif 
+          sendPacket(0x08, 0x00, _requestedSong);  // repeat playing audio file in root folder          
+          _requestedSong = -1;
+          _repeat = true; 
+        }
+        _repeatCmd= false;      
+      } else if (_daconCmd == true) { // Always turn DAC on
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: DACON: _daconCmd: 0x%x"), _daconCmd);
+        #endif 
+        sendPacket(0x1A,0,0x00);
+        _daconCmd = false;
+      } else if (_eqCmd == true){ // Set Equalizer, values 0x00 - 0x05        
+        if (_currentEQvalue != _requestedEQValue){
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: EQ: _eqCmd: 0x%x, _currentEQvalue: 0x0%x, _requestedEQValue: 0x0%x"), _eqCmd, _currentEQvalue, _requestedEQValue);
+          #endif 
+          _currentEQvalue = _requestedEQValue;
+          sendPacket(0x07,0x00,_currentEQvalue);
+        }
+        _eqCmd = false;
+      } else if (_setamCmd == true){ // Set Audio mixer channel
+         setGPIO(); // Set the audio mixer channel
+         /*        
+          if (_audioMixer == 1){ // set to audio mixer 1       
+            if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+              TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+            } else { // must be UART 1
+              TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+              }
+           //_setamCmd = false;
+           //UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+          } else { // set to audio mixer 2
+              if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+                TEMP_REG_VAL &= (0x00 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to Low
+              } else { // must be UART 1
+                TEMP_REG_VAL &= (0x00 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to Low
+                }
+              //_setamCmd = false;
+              //UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+            }*/
+        _setamCmd = false;        
+      } else if ((int32_t)currentMicros - _commandSendTime > 1000000) {
+        // Poll device every second that other commands aren't being sent,
+        // to check if it's still connected and responding.
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Send keepalive") );
+          #endif
+        sendPacket(0x42,0,0); 
+        if (!_awaitingResponse) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Send keepalive, _awaitingResponse: 0x0%x"), _awaitingResponse );
+          #endif
+          _timeoutTime = currentMicros + 5000000UL;  // Timeout if no response within 5 seconds
+          _awaitingResponse = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }  
+  }
+
+
+  // Write to a vPin will do nothing
+  void _write(VPIN vpin, int value) override {
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;
+      #ifdef DIAG_IO
+        DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Writing to any vPin not supported"));
+      #endif
+  }
+
+
+  // WriteAnalogue on first pin uses the nominated value as a file number to start playing, if file number > 0.
+  // Volume may be specified as second parameter to writeAnalogue.
+  // If value is zero, the player stops playing.  
+  // WriteAnalogue on second pin sets the output volume.
+  //
+  // WriteAnalogue to be done on first vpin
+  //
+  //void _writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t volume=0, uint16_t=0) override { 
+  void _writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t volume=0, uint16_t cmd=0) override { 
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;    
+    #ifdef DIAG_IO
+      DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: VPIN:%u FileNo:%d Volume:%d Command:0x%x"), vpin, value, volume, cmd);
+    #endif
+    uint8_t pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
+    if (pin == 0) { // Enhanced DFPlayer commands, do nothing if not vPin 0     
+     // Read command and value
+      switch (cmd){
+       //case NONE:
+       // DFPlayerCmd = cmd;
+       // break;
+       case DF_PLAY:
+        _playCmd = true;
+        _volCmd = true;        
+        _requestedSong = value;
+        _requestedVolumeLevel = volume; 
+        _playing = true;        
+        break;
+        case DF_VOL:
+          _volCmd = true;          
+          _requestedVolumeLevel = volume;
+        break;
+       case DF_FOLDER:
+        _folderCmd = true;
+        if (volume <= 0 || volume > 99){ // Range checking, valid values 1-99, else default to 1
+          _requestedFolder = 0x01; // if outside range, default to folder 01  
+        } else {
+          _requestedFolder = volume;
+        }        
+        break;
+       case DF_REPEATPLAY: // Need to check if _repeat == true, if so do nothing        
+        if (_repeat == false) {
+           #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WriteAnalog Repeat: _repeat: 0x0%x, value: %d _repeatCmd: 0x%x"), _repeat, value, _repeatCmd);
+           #endif
+          _repeatCmd = true;          
+          _requestedSong = value;
+          _requestedVolumeLevel = volume;
+          _playing = true;         
+        }
+        break;
+       case DF_STOPPLAY:
+        _stopplayCmd = true;        
+        break;
+       case DF_EQ:
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WriteAnalog EQ: cmd: 0x%x, EQ value: 0x%x"), cmd, volume);
+        #endif
+        _eqCmd = true;        
+        if (volume <= 0 || volume > 5) { // If out of range, default to NORMAL
+          _requestedEQValue = DF_NORMAL;            
+        } else { // Valid EQ parameter range
+          _requestedEQValue = volume;     
+          }
+        break;        
+       case DF_RESET:
+        _resetCmd = true;      
+        break; 
+       case DF_DACON: // Works, but without the DACOFF command limited value, except when not relying on DFPlayer default to turn the DAC on
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WrtieAnalog DACON: cmd: 0x%x"), cmd);
+        #endif
+        _daconCmd = true;
+        break;
+        case DF_SETAM: // Set the audio mixer channel to 1 or 2
+          _setamCmd = true;
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+            DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WrtieAnalog SETAM: cmd: 0x%x"), cmd);
+          #endif
+          if (volume <= 0 || volume > 2) { // If out of range, default to 1
+            _audioMixer = 1;            
+          } else { // Valid SETAM parameter in range
+              _audioMixer = volume; // _audioMixer valid values 1 or 2
+            }          
+        break;
+       default:
+        break;
+      }
+    }    
+  }
+
+  // A read on any pin indicates if the player is still playing.
+  int _read(VPIN vpin) override {
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return false;
+    uint8_t pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
+      if (pin == 0) { // Do nothing if not vPin 0
+        return _playing;
+      }
+    }
+
+  void _display() override {
+    DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer Configured on Vpins:%u-%u %S"), _firstVpin, _firstVpin+_nPins-1,
+      (_deviceState==DEVSTATE_FAILED) ? F("OFFLINE") : F(""));
+  }
+  
+private: 
+  // DFPlayer command frame
+  // 7E FF 06 0F 00 01 01 xx xx EF
+  // 0	  ->	7E is start code
+  // 1	  ->	FF is version
+  // 2	  ->	06 is length
+  // 3	  ->	0F is command
+  // 4	  ->	00 is no receive
+  // 5~6	->	01 01 is argument
+  // 7~8	->	checksum = 0 - ( FF+06+0F+00+01+01 )
+  // 9	  ->	EF is end code
+
+  void sendPacket(uint8_t command, uint8_t arg1 = 0, uint8_t arg2 = 0) {
+    FIFO_TX_LEVEL = 0; // Reset FIFO_TX_LEVEL    
+    uint8_t out[] = {
+        0x7E,
+        0xFF,
+        06,
+        command,
+        00,
+        //static_cast<uint8_t>(arg >> 8),
+        //static_cast<uint8_t>(arg & 0x00ff),
+        arg1,
+        arg2,
+        00,
+        00,
+        0xEF };
+
+    setChecksum(out);
+
+      // Prepend the DFPlayer command with REG address and UART Channel in _outbuffer
+      _outbuffer[0] = REG_THR << 3 | _UART_CH << 1; //TX FIFO and UART Channel      
+      for ( int i = 1; i < sizeof(out)+1 ; i++){
+        _outbuffer[i] = out[i-1];
+      }
+
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s Sent packet function"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+       for (int i = 0; i < sizeof _outbuffer; i++){
+        DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Data _outbuffer[0x%x]: 0x%x"), i, _outbuffer[i]);  
+       }
+      #endif
+      
+    TX_fifo_lvl();
+    if(FIFO_TX_LEVEL > 0){ //FIFO is empty
+      I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, sizeof(_outbuffer), &_rb);
+      //I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, sizeof(_outbuffer));
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s data transmit complete on UART: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+      #endif
+    } else {
+      DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer at: %s, TX FIFO not empty on UART: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED; // This should not happen      
+    }
+    _commandSendTime = micros();
+  }
+
+  uint16_t calcChecksum(uint8_t* packet)
+  {
+    uint16_t sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 1; i < 7; i++)
+    {
+      sum += packet[i];
+    }
+    return -sum;
+  }
+
+  void setChecksum(uint8_t* out)
+  {
+    uint16_t sum = calcChecksum(out);
+    out[7] = (sum >> 8);
+    out[8] = (sum & 0xff);
+  }
+
+  // SC16IS752 functions
+  // Initialise SC16IS752 only for this channel
+  // First a software reset
+  // Enable FIFO and clear TX & RX FIFO
+  // Need to set the following registers
+  // IOCONTROL set bit 1 and 2 to 0 indicating that they are GPIO
+  // IODIR set all bit to 1 indicating al are output
+  // IOSTATE set only bit 0 to 1 for UART 0, or only bit 1 for UART 1  // 
+  // LCR bit 7=0 divisor latch (clock division registers DLH & DLL, they store 16 bit divisor), 
+  //     WORD_LEN, STOP_BIT, PARITY_ENA and PARITY_TYPE
+  // MCR bit 7=0 clock divisor devide-by-1 clock input
+  // DLH most significant part of divisor
+  // DLL least significant part of divisor
+  //
+  // BAUD_RATE, WORD_LEN, STOP_BIT, PARITY_ENA and PARITY_TYPE have been defined and initialized
+  // 
+  void Init_SC16IS752(){ // Return value is in _deviceState
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Initialize I2C: %s , UART Ch: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(),  _UART_CH);      
+    #endif
+    //uint16_t _divisor = (SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ / PRESCALER) / (BAUD_RATE * 16);
+    uint16_t _divisor = (_sc16is752_xtal_freq/PRESCALER)/(BAUD_RATE * 16);  // Calculate _divisor for baudrate
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x08; // UART Software reset
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOCONTROL, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00; // Set pins to GPIO mode
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOCONTROL, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0xFF; //Set all pins as output
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IODIR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_IOSTATE); // Read current state as not to overwrite the other GPIO pins
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0];
+    setGPIO(); // Set the audio mixer channel
+    /*
+    if (_UART_CH == 0){ // Set Audio mixer channel
+      TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+    } else { // must be UART 1
+      TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+    }
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    */
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x07; // Reset FIFO, clear RX & TX FIFO
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_FCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00; // Set MCR to all 0, includes Clock divisor
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_MCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x80 | WORD_LEN | STOP_BIT | PARITY_ENA | PARITY_TYPE;
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_LCR, TEMP_REG_VAL); // Divisor latch enabled
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_DLL, (uint8_t)_divisor);  // Write DLL
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_DLH, (uint8_t)(_divisor >> 8)); // Write DLH
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_LCR);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0] & 0x7F; // Disable Divisor latch enabled bit
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_LCR, TEMP_REG_VAL); // Divisor latch disabled  
+
+    uint8_t status = _rb.status;
+    if (status != I2C_STATUS_OK) {
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s failed %S"), _I2CAddress.toString(), I2CManager.getErrorMessage(status));
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+    } else {
+      #ifdef DIAG_IO
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s, _deviceState: %S"), _I2CAddress.toString(), I2CManager.getErrorMessage(status));
+      #endif
+     _deviceState = DEVSTATE_NORMAL; // If I2C state is OK, then proceed to initialize DFPlayer 
+    }
+  }
+
+  
+  // Read the Receive FIFO Level register (RXLVL), return a single unsigned integer
+  // of nr of characters in the RX FIFO, bit 6:0, 7 not used, set to zero
+  // value from 0 (0x00) to 64 (0x40) Only display if RX FIFO has data
+  // The RX fifo level is used to check if there are enough bytes to process a frame
+  void RX_fifo_lvl(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_RXLV);
+    FIFO_RX_LEVEL = _inbuffer[0];
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+     if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL > 0){
+     //if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL > 0 && FIFO_RX_LEVEL < 10){
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, FIFO_RX_LEVEL: 0d%d"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, _inbuffer[0]);
+    }
+    #endif   
+  }
+
+  // When a frame is transmitted from the DFPlayer to the serial port, and at the same time the CS is sending a 42 query
+  // the following two frames from the DFPlayer are corrupt. This result in the receive buffer being out of sync and the 
+  // CS will complain and generate a timeout.
+  // The RX fifo has corrupt data and need to be flushed, this function does that
+  // 
+  void resetRX_fifo(){
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, RX fifo reset"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+    #endif    
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x03; // Reset RX fifo
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_FCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+  }
+
+  // Set or reset GPIO pin 0 and 1 depending on the UART ch
+  // This function may be modified in a future release to enable all 8 pins to be set or reset with EX-Rail
+  // for various auxilary functions
+  void setGPIO(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_IOSTATE); // Get the current GPIO pins state from the IOSTATE register
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0];
+    if (_audioMixer == 1){ // set to audio mixer 1
+      if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+        TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+      } else { // must be UART 1
+         TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+        }
+    } else { // set to audio mixer 2
+        if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+          TEMP_REG_VAL &= ~(0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to Low
+        } else { // must be UART 1
+           TEMP_REG_VAL &= ~(0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to Low
+          }
+      }    
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    _setamCmd = false;  
+  }
+  
+
+  // Read the Tranmit FIFO Level register (TXLVL), return a single unsigned integer
+  // of nr characters free in the TX FIFO, bit 6:0, 7 not used, set to zero
+  // value from 0 (0x00) to 64 (0x40)
+  //
+  void TX_fifo_lvl(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_TXLV);
+    FIFO_TX_LEVEL = _inbuffer[0];
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+    //  DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, FIFO_TX_LEVEL: 0d%d"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, FIFO_TX_LEVEL);
+    #endif 
+  }
+
+
+  //void UART_WriteRegister(I2CAddress _I2CAddress, uint8_t _UART_CH, uint8_t UART_REG, uint8_t Val, I2CRB &_rb){
+  void UART_WriteRegister(uint8_t UART_REG, uint8_t Val){
+    _outbuffer[0] = UART_REG << 3 | _UART_CH << 1;
+    _outbuffer[1] = Val;
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Write register at I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, Register: 0x%x, Data: 0b%b"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, UART_REG, _outbuffer[1]);
+    #endif
+    I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, 2);
+  }
+
+ 
+  void UART_ReadRegister(uint8_t UART_REG){
+     _outbuffer[0] = UART_REG << 3 | _UART_CH << 1; // _outbuffer[0] has now UART_REG and UART_CH
+     I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _inbuffer, 1, _outbuffer, 1);    
+    // _inbuffer has the REG data
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Read register at I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, Register: 0x%x, Data: 0b%b"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, UART_REG, _inbuffer[0]);
+    #endif
+  }
+
+// SC16IS752 General register set (from the datasheet)
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_RHR       = 0x00, // FIFO Read
+    REG_THR       = 0x00, // FIFO Write
+    REG_IER       = 0x01, // Interrupt Enable Register R/W
+    REG_FCR       = 0x02, // FIFO Control Register Write
+    REG_IIR       = 0x02, // Interrupt Identification Register Read
+    REG_LCR       = 0x03, // Line Control Register R/W
+    REG_MCR       = 0x04, // Modem Control Register R/W
+    REG_LSR       = 0x05, // Line Status Register Read
+    REG_MSR       = 0x06, // Modem Status Register Read
+    REG_SPR       = 0x07, // Scratchpad Register R/W
+    REG_TCR       = 0x06, // Transmission Control Register R/W
+    REG_TLR       = 0x07, // Trigger Level Register R/W    
+    REG_TXLV      = 0x08, // Transmitter FIFO Level register Read
+    REG_RXLV      = 0x09, // Receiver FIFO Level register Read
+    REG_IODIR     = 0x0A, // Programmable I/O pins Direction register R/W
+    REG_IOSTATE   = 0x0B, // Programmable I/O pins State register R/W
+    REG_IOINTENA  = 0x0C, // I/O Interrupt Enable register R/W
+    REG_IOCONTROL = 0x0E, // I/O Control register R/W
+    REG_EFCR      = 0x0F, // Extra Features Control Register R/W
+  };
+
+// SC16IS752 Special register set
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_DLL       = 0x00, // Division registers R/W
+    REG_DLH       = 0x01, // Division registers R/W
+  };
+
+// SC16IS752 Enhanced regiter set
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_EFR       = 0X02, // Enhanced Features Register R/W
+    REG_XON1      = 0x04, // R/W
+    REG_XON2      = 0x05, // R/W
+    REG_XOFF1     = 0x06, // R/W
+    REG_XOFF2     = 0x07, // R/W
+  };
+
+
+// DFPlayer commands and values
+// Declared in this scope
+enum  : uint8_t{
+    DF_PLAY          = 0x0F,
+    DF_VOL           = 0x06,
+    DF_FOLDER        = 0x2B, // Not a DFPlayer command, used to set folder nr where audio file is
+    DF_REPEATPLAY    = 0x08,
+    DF_STOPPLAY      = 0x16,
+    DF_EQ            = 0x07, // Set equaliser, require parameter NORMAL, POP, ROCK, JAZZ, CLASSIC or BASS
+    DF_RESET         = 0x0C,
+    DF_DACON         = 0x1A,
+    DF_SETAM         = 0x2A, // Set audio mixer 1 or 2 for this DFPLayer   
+    DF_NORMAL        = 0x00, // Equalizer parameters
+    DF_POP           = 0x01,
+    DF_ROCK          = 0x02,
+    DF_JAZZ          = 0x03,
+    DF_CLASSIC       = 0x04,
+    DF_BASS          = 0x05,    
+  };
+
+};
+
+#endif // IO_I2CDFPlayer_h

IO_RotaryEncoder.h

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@
 * Defining in myAutomation.h requires the device driver to be included in addition to the HAL() statement. Examples:
 *
 * #include "IO_RotaryEncoder.h"
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 1, 0x70)    // Define single Vpin, no feedback or position sent to rotary encoder software
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 2, 0x70)    // Define two Vpins, feedback only sent to rotary encoder software
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 3, 0x70)    // Define three Vpins, can send feedback and position update to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 1, 0x67)    // Define single Vpin, no feedback or position sent to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 2, 0x67)    // Define two Vpins, feedback only sent to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 3, 0x67)    // Define three Vpins, can send feedback and position update to rotary encoder software
 *
 * Refer to the documentation for further information including the valid activities and examples.
 */

KeywordHasher.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2024 Vincent Hamp and Chris Harlow
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+
+/* Reader be aware: 
+ This function implements the _hk data type so that a string keyword
+ is hashed to the same value as the DCCEXParser uses to hash incoming 
+ keywords. 
+ Thus  "MAIN"_hk  generates exactly the same run time vakue 
+ as   const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN=11339  
+*/
+#ifndef KeywordHAsher_h
+#define KeywordHasher_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+constexpr uint16_t CompiletimeKeywordHasher(const char *  sv, uint16_t running=0) {
+    return (*sv==0) ? running : CompiletimeKeywordHasher(sv+1,
+          (*sv >= '0' && *sv <= '9') 
+            ? (10*running+*sv-'0')  // Numeric hash  
+            : ((running << 5) + running) ^ *sv
+            );  // 
+}
+
+constexpr int16_t operator""_hk(const char * keyword, size_t len) 
+{
+    return (int16_t) CompiletimeKeywordHasher(keyword,len*0);
+}
+
+/* Some historical values for testing:
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28 = -17064;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128 = 25816;
+*/
+
+static_assert("MAIN"_hk == 11339,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SLOW"_hk == -17209,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SPEED28"_hk == -17064,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SPEED128"_hk == 25816,"Keyword hasher error");
+#endif

MotorDriver.cpp

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ MotorDriver::MotorDriver(int16_t power_pin, byte signal_pin, byte signal_pin2, i
 }
 
 bool MotorDriver::isPWMCapable() {
-    return (!dualSignal) && DCCTimer::isPWMPin(signalPin); 
+    return (!dualSignal) && DCCTimer::isPWMPin(signalPin);
 }
 
 
@@ -325,49 +325,21 @@ uint16_t taurustones[28] = { 165, 175, 196, 220,
 			     220, 196, 175, 165 };
 #endif
 #endif
-void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode) {
+void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode, uint8_t frequency /*default =0*/) {
   if (brakePin == UNUSED_PIN)
     return;
-  switch(brakePin) {
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-    // Not worth doin something here as:
-    // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
-    // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
-    // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
-#endif
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-  case 9:
-  case 10:
-    // Timer2 (is differnet)
-    TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM1=0 and WGM0=1 phase correct PWM
-    TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | B00000110; // set WGM2=0 ; set divisor on timer 2 to 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    //DIAG(F("2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
-    break;
-  case 6:
-  case 7:
-  case 8:
-    // Timer4
-    TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for normal PWM 8-bit
-    TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | B00000100; // set WGM2=0 and WGM3=0 for normal PWM 8 bit and div 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    break;
-  case 46:
-  case 45:
-  case 44:
-    // Timer5
-    TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for normal PWM 8-bit
-    TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | B00000100; // set WGM2=0 and WGM3=0 for normal PWM 8 bit and div 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    break;
-#endif
-  default:
-    break;
-  }
   // spedcoode is a dcc speed & direction
   byte tSpeed=speedcode & 0x7F; // DCC Speed with 0,1 stop and speed steps 2 to 127
   byte tDir=speedcode & 0x80;
   byte brake;
+
+  if (tSpeed <= 1) brake = 255;
+  else if (tSpeed >= 127) brake = 0;
+  else  brake = 2 * (128-tSpeed);
+
+  { // new block because of variable f
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
-  {
-    int f = 131;
+    int f = frequency;
 #ifdef VARIABLE_TONES
     if (tSpeed > 2) {
       if (tSpeed <= 58) {
@@ -375,19 +347,15 @@ void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode) {
       }
     }
 #endif
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, f); // set DC PWM frequency to 100Hz XXX May move to setup
+    //DIAG(F("Brake pin %d value %d freqency %d"), brakePin, brake, f);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin, brake, invertBrake);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, f); // set DC PWM frequency
+#else // all AVR here
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, frequency); // frequency steps
+    analogWrite(brakePin, invertBrake ? 255-brake : brake);
+#endif
   }
-#endif
-  if (tSpeed <= 1) brake = 255;
-  else if (tSpeed >= 127) brake = 0;
-  else  brake = 2 * (128-tSpeed);
-  if (invertBrake)
-    brake=255-brake;
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
-  DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,brake);
-#else
-  analogWrite(brakePin,brake);
-#endif
+
   //DIAG(F("DCSignal %d"), speedcode);
   if (HAVE_PORTA(fastSignalPin.shadowinout == &PORTA)) {
     noInterrupts();
@@ -434,60 +402,28 @@ void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode) {
 void MotorDriver::throttleInrush(bool on) {
   if (brakePin == UNUSED_PIN)
     return;
-  if ( !(trackMode & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN | TRACK_MODE_PROG | TRACK_MODE_EXT)))
+  if ( !(trackMode & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN | TRACK_MODE_PROG | TRACK_MODE_EXT | TRACK_MODE_BOOST)))
     return;
-  byte duty = on ? 208 : 0;
-  if (invertBrake)
-    duty = 255-duty;
+  byte duty = on ? 207 : 0; // duty of 81% at 62500Hz this gives pauses of 3usec
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
   if(on) {
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,duty);
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 62500);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXInrushControlOn(brakePin, duty, invertBrake);
   } else {
-    ledcDetachPin(brakePin);
+    ledcDetachPin(brakePin); // not DCCTimer::DCCEXledcDetachPin() as we have not
+                             // registered the pin in the pin to channel array
   }
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
   if(on) {
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 62500);
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,duty);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 7); // 7 means max
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,duty,invertBrake);
   } else {
     pinMode(brakePin, OUTPUT);
   }
-#else
+#else // all AVR here
+  if (invertBrake)
+    duty = 255-duty;
   if(on){
-    switch(brakePin) {
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-      // Not worth doin something here as:
-      // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
-      // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
-      // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
-#endif
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-    case 9:
-    case 10:
-      // Timer2 (is different)
-      TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | B00000011; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=1 for fast PWM
-      TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | B00000001; // set WGM2=0 and prescaler div=1 (max)
-      DIAG(F("2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
-      break;
-    case 6:
-    case 7:
-    case 8:
-      // Timer4
-      TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for fast PWM 8-bit
-      TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | B00001001; // set WGM2=1 and WGM3=0 for fast PWM 8 bit and div=1 (max)
-      break;
-    case 46:
-    case 45:
-    case 44:
-      // Timer5
-      TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for fast PWM 8-bit
-      TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | B00001001; // set WGM2=1 and WGM3=0 for fast PWM 8 bit and div=1 (max)
-      break;
-#endif
-    default:
-      break;
-    }
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 7); // 7 means max
   }
   analogWrite(brakePin,duty);
 #endif

MotorDriver.h

@@ -34,9 +34,15 @@ template<class T> inline T operator| (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a | (int)b); }
 template<class T> inline T operator& (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a & (int)b); }
 template<class T> inline T operator^ (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a ^ (int)b); }
 enum TRACK_MODE : byte {TRACK_MODE_NONE = 1, TRACK_MODE_MAIN = 2, TRACK_MODE_PROG = 4,
-                        TRACK_MODE_DC = 8, TRACK_MODE_EXT = 16, TRACK_MODE_BOOST = 32,
-                        TRACK_MODE_ALL = 62, // only to operate all tracks
-                        TRACK_MODE_INV = 64, TRACK_MODE_DCX = 72 /*DC + INV*/, TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV = 128};
+                        TRACK_MODE_DC = 8, TRACK_MODE_EXT = 16,
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+			TRACK_MODE_BOOST = 32,
+#else
+			TRACK_MODE_BOOST = 0,
+#endif
+                        TRACK_MODE_ALL = TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG|TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_EXT|TRACK_MODE_BOOST,
+                        TRACK_MODE_INV = 64,
+			TRACK_MODE_DCX = TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_INV, TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV = 128};
 
 #define setHIGH(fastpin)  *fastpin.inout |= fastpin.maskHIGH
 #define setLOW(fastpin)   *fastpin.inout &= fastpin.maskLOW
@@ -187,13 +193,14 @@ class MotorDriver {
       }
     };
     inline pinpair getSignalPin() { return pinpair(signalPin,signalPin2); };
-    void setDCSignal(byte speedByte);
+    inline int8_t getBrakePinSigned() { return invertBrake ? -brakePin : brakePin; };
+    void setDCSignal(byte speedByte, uint8_t frequency=0);
     void throttleInrush(bool on);
     inline void detachDCSignal() {
 #if defined(__arm__)
       pinMode(brakePin, OUTPUT);
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
-      ledcDetachPin(brakePin);
+      DCCTimer::DCCEXledcDetachPin(brakePin);
 #else
       setDCSignal(128);
 #endif

MotorDrivers.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022-2023 Paul M. Antoine
  *  © 2021 Fred Decker
- *  © 2020-2023 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2020-2024 Harald Barth
  *  (c) 2020 Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
  *  (c) 2021 Fred Decker.  All rights reserved.
  *  (c) 2020 Harald Barth. All rights reserved.
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@
 // of the brake pin on the motor bridge is inverted
 // (HIGH == release brake)
 
+// You can have a CS wihout any possibility to do any track signal.
+// That's strange but possible.
+#define NO_SHIELD F("No shield at all")
+
 // Arduino STANDARD Motor Shield, used on different architectures:
 
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)

Release_Notes/EXRAIL additions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+
+BLINK(vpin, onMs,offMs)
+
+which will start a vpin blinking until such time as it is SET, RESET or set by a signal operation such as RED, AMBER, GREEN. 
+
+BLINK returns immediately, the blinking is autonomous. 
+
+This means a signal that always blinks amber could be done like this:
+```
+SIGNAL(30,31,32)
+ONAMBER(30) BLINK(31,500,500) DONE
+```
+The RED or GREEN calls will turn off the amber blink automatically.
+
+Alternatively a signal that has normal AMBER and flashing AMBER could be like this:
+
+#define FLASHAMBER(signal) \
+                AMBER(signal) \
+                BLINK(signal+1,500,500)
+  
+  (Caution: this issumes that the amber pin is redpin+1)
+
+  ==
+
+  FTOGGLE(function)
+   Toggles the current loco function (see FON and FOFF)
+
+  XFTOGGLE(loco,function)
+     Toggles the function on given loco. (See XFON, XFOFF)
+
+  TOGGLE_TURNOUT(id) 
+      Toggles the turnout (see CLOSE, THROW)
+
+  STEALTH_GLOBAL(code) 
+      ADVANCED C++ users only.
+      Inserts code such as static variables and functions that 
+      may be utilised by multiple STEALTH operations.
+       

Release_Notes/Exrail mods.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+
+BLINK(vpin, onMs,offMs)
+
+which will start a vpin blinking until such time as it is SET, RESET or set by a signal operation such as RED, AMBER, GREEN. 
+
+BLINK returns immediately, the blinking is autonomous. 
+
+This means a signal that always blinks amber could be done like this:
+
+SIGNAL(30,31,32)
+ONAMBER(30) BLINK(31,500,500) DONE
+
+The RED or GREEN calls will turn off the amber blink automatically.
+
+Alternatively a signal that has normal AMBER and flashing AMBER could be like this:
+
+#define FLASHAMBER(signal) \
+                AMBER(signal) \
+                BLINK(signal+1,500,500)
+  
+  (Caution: this assumes that the amber pin is redpin+1)
+
+  ==
+
+  FTOGGLE(function)
+   Toggles the current loco function (see FON and FOFF)
+
+  XFTOGGLE(loco,function)
+     Toggles the function on given loco. (See XFON, XFOFF)
+
+  TOGGLE_TURNOUT(id) 
+      Toggles the turnout (see CLOSE, THROW)
+
+  STEALTH_GLOBAL(code) 
+      ADVANCED C++ users only.
+      Inserts code such as static variables and functions that
+      may be utilised by multiple STEALTH operations.
+
+
+// 5.2.34 - <A address aspect> Command fopr DCC Extended Accessories.
+This command sends an extended accessory packet to the track, Normally used to set
+a signal aspect. Aspect numbers are undefined as sdtandards except for 0 which is
+always considered a stop.
+
+//        - Exrail ASPECT(address,aspect) for above.
+     The ASPECT command sents an aspect to a DCC accessory using the same logic as 
+     <A aspect address>.
+     
+//        - EXRAIL DCCX_SIGNAL(Address,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
+      This defines a signal (with id same as dcc address) that can be operated
+      by the RED/AMBER/GREEN commands.   In each case the command uses the signal
+      address to refer to the signal and the aspect chosen depends on the use of the RED
+      AMBER or GREEN command sent. Other aspects may be sent but will require the
+      direct use of the ASPECT command.
+      The IFRED/IFAMBER/IFGREEN  and ONRED/ONAMBER/ONGREEN commands contunue to operate
+      as for any other signal type. It is important to be aware that use of the ASPECT
+      or <A> commands will correctly set the IF flags and call the ON handlers if ASPECT
+      is used to set one of the three aspects defined in the DCCX_SIGNAL command. 
+      Direct use of other aspects does not affect the signal flags.
+      ASPECT and <A> can be used withput defining any signal if tyhe flag management or
+      ON event handlers are not required.    
+
+// 5.2.33 - Exrail CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile)
+   This macro offsers a more convenient way of performing the HAL call in halSetup.h
+    In halSetup.h --- IODevice::configureServo(101,300,400,PCA9685::slow);
+    In myAutomation.h --- CONFIGURE_SERVO(101,300,400,slow)
+
+// 5.2.32 - Railcom Cutout (Initial trial Mega2560 only)
+    This cutout will only work on a Mega2560 with a single EX8874 motor shield
+    configured in the normal way with the main track brake pin on pin 9.
+    <C RAILCOM ON>    Turns on the cutout mechanism.
+    <C RAILCOM OFF>   Tirns off the cutout. (This is the default)
+    <C RAILCOM DEBUG> ONLY to be used by developers used for waveform diagnostics.
+       (In DEBUG mode the main track idle packets are replaced with reset packets, This
+       makes it far easier to see the preambles and cutouts on a logic analyser or scope.)
+
+// 5.2.31 - Exrail JMRI_SENSOR(vpin [,count]) creates <S> types.
+       This Macro causes the creation of JMRI <S> type sensors in a way that is 
+       simpler than repeating lines of <S> commands.
+         JMRI_SENSOR(100)   is equenvelant to <S 100 100 1>
+         JMRI_SENSOR(100,16) will create <S> type sensors for vpins 100-115.
+
+// 5.2.26 - Silently ignore overridden HAL defaults
+//        - include HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS macro in EXRAIL
+            The HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS command, anywhere in myAutomation.h will 
+            prevent the startup code from trying the default I2C sensors/servos.  
+// 5.2.24 - Exrail macro asserts to catch 
+//            : duplicate/missing automation/route/sequence/call ids
+//            : latches and reserves out of range
+//            : speeds out of range
+            Causes compiler time messages for EXRAIL issues that would normally
+            only be discovered by things going wrong at run time. 
+// 5.2.13 - EXRAIL STEALTH
+            Permits a certain level of C++ code to be embedded as a single step in
+            an exrail sequence. Serious engineers only.
+
+// 5.2.9  - EXRAIL STASH feature 
+//        - Added ROUTE_DISABLED macro in EXRAIL

Sensors.cpp

@@ -230,6 +230,13 @@ Sensor *Sensor::create(int snum, VPIN pin, int pullUp){
   return tt;
 }
 
+// Creet multiple eponymous sensors based on vpin alone. 
+void Sensor::createMultiple(VPIN firstPin, byte count) {
+  for (byte i=0;i<count;i++) {
+    create(firstPin+i,firstPin+i,1); 
+  }
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Object method to directly change the input state, for sensors such as LCN which are updated
 //  by means other than by polling an input.

Sensors.h

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public:
   static void store();
 #endif
   static Sensor *create(int id, VPIN vpin, int pullUp);
+  static void createMultiple(VPIN firstPin, byte count=1);
   static Sensor* get(int id);  
   static bool remove(int id);  
   static void checkAll();

TrackManager.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022 Chris Harlow
- *  © 2022,2023 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2022-2024 Harald Barth
  *  © 2023 Colin Murdoch
  *  All rights reserved.
  *  
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
+#include "defines.h"
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #include "FSH.h"
 #include "DCCWaveform.h"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "DIAG.h"
 #include "CommandDistributor.h"
 #include "DCCEXParser.h"
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 // Virtualised Motor shield multi-track hardware Interface
 #define FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) for (byte t=0;t<=lastTrack;t++)
     
@@ -35,26 +37,11 @@
         FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) \
 	    if (track[t]->getMode()==findmode)	\
                 track[t]->function;
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
-#endif
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_OFF = 22479;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_NONE = -26550;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DC = 2183;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DCX = 6463; // DC reversed polarity 
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXT = 8201; // External DCC signal
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_A = 65; // parser makes single chars the ascii.   
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_AUTO = -5457;
-#ifdef BOOSTER_INPUT
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_BOOST = 11269;
-#endif
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_INV = 11857;
 
-MotorDriver * TrackManager::track[MAX_TRACKS];
-int16_t TrackManager::trackDCAddr[MAX_TRACKS];
+MotorDriver * TrackManager::track[MAX_TRACKS] = { NULL };
+int16_t TrackManager::trackDCAddr[MAX_TRACKS] = { 0 };
 
-byte TrackManager::lastTrack=0;
+int8_t TrackManager::lastTrack=-1;
 bool TrackManager::progTrackSyncMain=false; 
 bool TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=false; 
 int16_t TrackManager::joinRelay=UNUSED_PIN;
@@ -171,12 +158,6 @@ void TrackManager::setDCCSignal( bool on) {
   HAVE_PORTF(PORTF=shadowPORTF);
 }
 
-void TrackManager::setCutout( bool on) {
-    (void) on;
-    // TODO Cutout needs fake ports as well
-    // TODO      APPLY_BY_MODE(TRACK_MODE_MAIN,setCutout(on));
-}
-
 // setPROGSignal(), called from interrupt context
 // does assume ports are shadowed if they can be
 void TrackManager::setPROGSignal( bool on) {
@@ -202,7 +183,7 @@ void TrackManager::setDCSignal(int16_t cab, byte speedbyte) {
   FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
     if (trackDCAddr[t]!=cab && cab != 0) continue;
     if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_DC)
-      track[t]->setDCSignal(speedbyte);
+      track[t]->setDCSignal(speedbyte, DCC::getThrottleFrequency(trackDCAddr[t]));
   }
 }    
 
@@ -238,7 +219,7 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
     if (mode & TRACK_MODE_BOOST) {
       //DIAG(F("Track=%c mode boost pin %d"),trackToSet+'A', p.pin);
       pinMode(BOOSTER_INPUT, INPUT);
-      gpio_matrix_in(26, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, false); //pads 224 to 228 available as loopback
+      gpio_matrix_in(BOOSTER_INPUT, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, false); //pads 224 to 228 available as loopback
       gpio_matrix_out(p.pin, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, false, false);
       if (p.invpin != UNUSED_PIN) {
 	gpio_matrix_out(p.invpin, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, true /*inverted*/, false);
@@ -270,18 +251,47 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
     } else {
       track[trackToSet]->makeProgTrack(false); // only the prog track knows it's type
     }
-    track[trackToSet]->setMode(mode);
-    trackDCAddr[trackToSet]=dcAddr;
 
     // When a track is switched, we must clear any side effects of its previous 
     // state, otherwise trains run away or just dont move.
 
     // This can be done BEFORE the PWM-Timer evaluation (methinks)
-    if (!(mode & TRACK_MODE_DC)) {
+    if (mode & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
+      if (trackDCAddr[trackToSet] != dcAddr) {
+	// new or changed DC Addr, run the new setup
+	if (trackDCAddr[trackToSet] != 0) {
+	  // if we change dcAddr and not only
+	  // change from another mode,
+	  // first detach old DC signal
+	  track[trackToSet]->detachDCSignal();
+	}
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+	int trackfound = -1;
+	FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
+	  //DIAG(F("Checking track %c mode %x dcAddr %d"), 'A'+t, track[t]->getMode(), trackDCAddr[t]);
+	  if (t != trackToSet                          // not our track
+	      && (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_DC) // right mode
+	      && trackDCAddr[t] == dcAddr) {           // right addr
+	    //DIAG(F("Found track %c"), 'A'+t);
+	    trackfound = t;
+	    break;
+	  }
+	}
+	if (trackfound > -1) {
+	  DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogCopyChannel(track[trackfound]->getBrakePinSigned(),
+					   track[trackToSet]->getBrakePinSigned());
+	}
+#endif
+      }
+      // set future DC Addr;
+      trackDCAddr[trackToSet]=dcAddr;
+    } else {
       // DCC tracks need to have set the PWM to zero or they will not work.
       track[trackToSet]->detachDCSignal();
       track[trackToSet]->setBrake(false);
+      trackDCAddr[trackToSet]=0; // clear that an addr is set for DC as this is not a DC track
     }
+    track[trackToSet]->setMode(mode);
 
     // BOOST:
     //  Leave it as is
@@ -348,8 +358,8 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
 }
 
 void TrackManager::applyDCSpeed(byte t) {
-  uint8_t speedByte=DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(trackDCAddr[t]);
-  track[t]->setDCSignal(speedByte);
+  track[t]->setDCSignal(DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(trackDCAddr[t]),
+			DCC::getThrottleFrequency(trackDCAddr[t]));
 }
 
 bool TrackManager::parseEqualSign(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
@@ -362,38 +372,39 @@ bool TrackManager::parseEqualSign(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
         
     }
     
-    p[0]-=HASH_KEYWORD_A;  // convert A... to 0.... 
+    p[0]-="A"_hk;  // convert A... to 0.... 
 
     if (params>1 && (p[0]<0 || p[0]>=MAX_TRACKS)) 
         return false;
     
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) // <= id MAIN>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="MAIN"_hk) // <= id MAIN>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_MAIN);
     
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) // <= id PROG>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="PROG"_hk) // <= id PROG>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_PROG);
 #endif
     
-    if (params==2  && (p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_OFF || p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_NONE)) // <= id OFF> <= id NONE>
+    if (params==2  && (p[1]=="OFF"_hk || p[1]=="NONE"_hk)) // <= id OFF> <= id NONE>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_NONE);
 
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_EXT) // <= id EXT>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="EXT"_hk) // <= id EXT>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_EXT);
 #ifdef BOOSTER_INPUT
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_BOOST) // <= id BOOST>
+    if (TRACK_MODE_BOOST != 0 &&        // compile time optimization
+	params==2  && p[1]=="BOOST"_hk) // <= id BOOST>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_BOOST);
 #endif
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_AUTO) // <= id AUTO>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="AUTO"_hk) // <= id AUTO>
       return setTrackMode(p[0], track[p[0]]->getMode() | TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV);
 
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_INV) // <= id AUTO>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="INV"_hk) // <= id AUTO>
       return setTrackMode(p[0], track[p[0]]->getMode() | TRACK_MODE_INV);
 
-    if (params==3  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_DC && p[2]>0) // <= id DC cab>
+    if (params==3  && p[1]=="DC"_hk && p[2]>0) // <= id DC cab>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_DC,p[2]);
     
-    if (params==3  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_DCX && p[2]>0) // <= id DCX cab>
+    if (params==3  && p[1]=="DCX"_hk && p[2]>0) // <= id DCX cab>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_INV,p[2]);
 
     return false;
@@ -420,11 +431,11 @@ const FSH* TrackManager::getModeName(TRACK_MODE tm) {
     modename=F("EXT");
   else if(tm & TRACK_MODE_BOOST) {
         if(tm & TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV)
-      modename=F("B A");
+      modename=F("BOOST A");
     else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_INV)
-      modename=F("B I");
+      modename=F("BOOST I");
     else
-      modename=F("B");
+      modename=F("BOOST");
   }
   else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
     if (tm & TRACK_MODE_INV)
@@ -516,7 +527,11 @@ void TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE trackmodeToMatch, POWERMODE powermod
 
 // Set track power for this track, inependent of mode
 void TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE powermode, byte t) {
-  MotorDriver *driver=track[t]; 
+  MotorDriver *driver=track[t];
+  if (driver == NULL) { // track is not defined at all
+    DIAG(F("Error: Track %c does not exist"), t+'A');
+    return;
+  }
   TRACK_MODE trackmode = driver->getMode();
   POWERMODE oldpower = driver->getPower();
   if (trackmode & TRACK_MODE_NONE) {
@@ -574,14 +589,17 @@ bool TrackManager::getPower(byte t, char s[]) {
   return false;
 }
 
-
 void TrackManager::reportObsoleteCurrent(Print* stream) {
   // This function is for backward JMRI compatibility only
   // It reports the first track only, as main, regardless of track settings.
   //  <c MeterName value C/V unit min max res warn>
+#ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
   int maxCurrent=track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getRawCurrentTripValue());
   StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<c CurrentMAIN %d C Milli 0 %d 1 %d>\n"), 
-            track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getCurrentRaw(false)), maxCurrent, maxCurrent);                  
+            track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getCurrentRaw(false)), maxCurrent, maxCurrent);
+#else
+  (void)stream;
+#endif
 }
 
 void TrackManager::reportCurrent(Print* stream) {

TrackManager.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022 Chris Harlow
- *  © 2022 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2022-2024 Harald Barth
  *  © 2023 Colin Murdoch
  * 
  *  All rights reserved.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ const byte TRACK_POWER_1=1, TRACK_POWER_ON=1;
 class TrackManager {
   public:
     static void Setup(const FSH * shieldName,
-                MotorDriver * track0,
+                 MotorDriver * track0=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track1=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track2=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track3=NULL,
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ class TrackManager {
                  );
     
     static void setDCCSignal( bool on);
-    static void setCutout( bool on);
     static void setPROGSignal( bool on);
     static void setDCSignal(int16_t cab, byte speedbyte);
     static MotorDriver * getProgDriver();
@@ -109,7 +108,7 @@ class TrackManager {
 
   private:
     static void addTrack(byte t, MotorDriver* driver);
-    static byte lastTrack;
+    static int8_t lastTrack;
     static byte nextCycleTrack;
     static void applyDCSpeed(byte t);
 

Turntables.cpp

@@ -247,22 +247,23 @@ DCCTurntable::DCCTurntable(uint16_t id) : Turntable(id, TURNTABLE_DCC) {}
     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i %d DCCTURNTABLE>\n"), _turntableData.id);
   }
 
-  // EX-Turntable specific code for moving to the specified position
-  bool DCCTurntable::setPositionInternal(uint8_t position, uint8_t activity) {
+// EX-Turntable specific code for moving to the specified position
+bool DCCTurntable::setPositionInternal(uint8_t position, uint8_t activity) {
+  (void) activity;
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
-    int16_t value = getPositionValue(position);
-    if (position == 0 || !value) return false; // Return false if it's not a valid position
-    // Set position via device driver
-    int16_t addr=value>>3;
-    int16_t subaddr=(value>>1) & 0x03;
-    bool active=value & 0x01;
-    _previousPosition = _turntableData.position;
-    _turntableData.position = position;
-    DCC::setAccessory(addr, subaddr, active);
+  int16_t value = getPositionValue(position);
+  if (position == 0 || !value) return false; // Return false if it's not a valid position
+  // Set position via device driver
+  int16_t addr=value>>3;
+  int16_t subaddr=(value>>1) & 0x03;
+  bool active=value & 0x01;
+  _previousPosition = _turntableData.position;
+  _turntableData.position = position;
+  DCC::setAccessory(addr, subaddr, active);
 #else
-    (void)position;
+  (void)position;
 #endif
-    return true;
-  }
+  return true;
+}
 
 #endif

WiThrottle.cpp

@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
       }
       break;
     case 'N':  // Heartbeat (2), only send if connection completed by 'HU' message
+      sendIntro(stream);
       StringFormatter::send(stream, F("*%d\n"), heartrateSent ? HEARTBEAT_SECONDS : HEARTBEAT_PRELOAD); // return timeout value
       break;
     case 'M': // multithrottle
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
       break;
     case 'H': // send initial connection info after receiving "HU" message
       if (cmd[1] == 'U') {    
-      sendIntro(stream);	
+	sendIntro(stream);
       }
       break;           
     case 'Q': // 
@@ -498,12 +499,14 @@ void WiThrottle::getLocoCallback(int16_t locoid) {
 }
 
 void WiThrottle::sendIntro(Print* stream) {
+  if (introSent) // sendIntro only once
+    return;
   introSent=true; 
   StringFormatter::send(stream,F("VN2.0\nHTDCC-EX\nRL0\n"));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("HtDCC-EX v%S, %S, %S, %S\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PTT]\\[Turnouts}|{Turnout]\\[THROW}|{2]\\[CLOSE}|{4\n"));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PPA%x\n"),TrackManager::getMainPower()==POWERMODE::ON);     
-	// set heartbeat to 2 seconds because we need to sync the metadata (1 second is too short!)
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("HtDCC-EX v%S, %S, %S, %S\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PTT]\\[Turnouts}|{Turnout]\\[THROW}|{2]\\[CLOSE}|{4\n"));
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PPA%x\n"),TrackManager::getMainPower()==POWERMODE::ON);
+  // set heartbeat to 2 seconds because we need to sync the metadata (1 second is too short!)
   StringFormatter::send(stream,F("*%d\nHMConnecting..\n"), HEARTBEAT_PRELOAD);
 }
 
@@ -568,7 +571,7 @@ void WiThrottle::sendRoutes(Print* stream) {
 
 void WiThrottle::sendFunctions(Print* stream, byte loco) {
   int16_t locoid=myLocos[loco].cab;
-  int fkeys=29;
+  int fkeys=32; // upper limit (send functions 0 to 31)
 	myLocos[loco].functionToggles=1<<2; // F2 (HORN)  is a non-toggle
         
 #ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
@@ -618,7 +621,7 @@ void WiThrottle::sendFunctions(Print* stream, byte loco) {
 #endif
 	
 	for(int fKey=0; fKey<fkeys; fKey++) { 
-      int fstate=DCC::getFn(locoid,fKey);
+      int8_t fstate=DCC::getFn(locoid,fKey);
       if (fstate>=0) StringFormatter::send(stream,F("M%cA%c%d<;>F%d%d\n"),myLocos[loco].throttle,LorS(locoid),locoid,fstate,fKey);                     
 	}
 }

WifiESP32.cpp

@@ -164,6 +164,8 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
   if (haveSSID && havePassword && !forceAP) {
     WiFi.setHostname(hostname); // Strangely does not work unless we do it HERE!
     WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
+    WiFi.setScanMethod(WIFI_ALL_CHANNEL_SCAN); // Scan all channels so we find strongest
+                                               // (default in Wifi library is first match)
 #ifdef SERIAL_BT_COMMANDS
     WiFi.setSleep(true);
 #else
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
   if (!haveSSID || forceAP) {
     // prepare all strings
     String strSSID(forceAP ? SSid : "DCCEX_");
-    String strPass(forceAP ? password : "PASS_");
+    String strPass( (forceAP && havePassword) ? password : "PASS_");
     if (!forceAP) {
       String strMac = WiFi.macAddress();
       strMac.remove(0,9);
@@ -228,7 +230,8 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
       // DIAG(F("Wifi AP SSID %s PASS %s"),strSSID.c_str(),havePassword ? password : strPass.c_str());
       DIAG(F("Wifi in AP mode"));
       LCD(5, F("Wifi: %s"), strSSID.c_str());
-      LCD(6, F("PASS: %s"),havePassword ? password : strPass.c_str());
+      if (!havePassword)
+	LCD(6, F("PASS: %s"),strPass.c_str());
       // DIAG(F("Wifi AP IP %s"),WiFi.softAPIP().toString().c_str());
       LCD(7, F("IP: %s"),WiFi.softAPIP().toString().c_str());
       wifiUp = true;

config.example.h

@@ -211,6 +211,19 @@ The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 // #define DISABLE_VDPY
 // #define ENABLE_VDPY
 
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// DISABLE / ENABLE DIAG
+//
+// To diagose different errors, you can turn on differnet messages. This costs
+// program memory which we do not have enough on the Uno and Nano, so it is
+// by default DISABLED on those. If you think you can fit it (for example
+// having disabled some of the features above) you can enable it with
+// ENABLE_DIAG. You can even disable it on all other CPUs with
+// DISABLE_DIAG
+//
+// #define DISABLE_DIAG
+// #define ENABLE_DIAG
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // REDEFINE WHERE SHORT/LONG ADDR break is. According to NMRA the last short address
 // is 127 and the first long address is 128. There are manufacturers which have

defines.h

@@ -220,9 +220,15 @@
 // 
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_NANO) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
 #define IO_NO_HAL // HAL too big whatever you disable otherwise
+
 #ifndef ENABLE_VDPY
 #define DISABLE_VDPY
 #endif
+
+#ifndef ENABLE_DIAG
+#define DISABLE_DIAG
+#endif
+
 #endif
 
 #if __has_include ( "myAutomation.h")

myHal.cpp_example.txt

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 //#include "IO_EXTurntable.h"   // Turntable-EX turntable controller
 //#include "IO_EXFastClock.h"  // FastClock driver
 //#include "IO_PCA9555.h"     // 16-bit I/O expander (NXP & Texas Instruments).
+//#include "IO_I2CDFPlayer.h" // DFPlayer over I2C
 
 //==========================================================================
 // The function halSetup() is invoked from CS if it exists within the build.
@@ -234,6 +235,31 @@ void halSetup() {
   // DFPlayer::create(10000, 10, Serial1);
 
 
+  //=======================================================================
+  // Play mp3 files from a Micro-SD card, using a DFPlayer MP3 Module on a SC16IS750/SC16IS752 I2C UART
+  //=======================================================================
+  // DFPlayer via NXP SC16IS752 I2C Dual UART.
+  // I2C address range 0x48 - 0x57
+  // 
+  // Generic format: 
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(1st vPin, vPins, I2C address, xtal);
+  // Parameters:
+  // 1st vPin     : First virtual pin that EX-Rail can control to play a sound, use PLAYSOUND command (alias of ANOUT)
+  // vPins        : Total number of virtual pins allocated (1 vPin is supported currently)
+  //                1st vPin for UART 0
+  // I2C Address  : I2C address of the serial controller, in 0x format
+  // xtal         : 0 for 1.8432Mhz, 1 for 14.7456Mhz
+  //
+  // The vPin is also a pin that can be read with the WAITFOR(vPin) command indicating if the DFPlayer has finished playing a track
+  //
+  
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(10000,  1, 0x48, 1);
+  //
+  // Configuration example on a multiplexer
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(10000, 1, {I2CMux_0, SubBus_0, 0x48}, 1);
+
+
+
   //=======================================================================
   // 16-pad capacitative touch key pad based on TP229 IC.
   //=======================================================================
@@ -285,12 +311,13 @@ void halSetup() {
   //=======================================================================
   // The parameters are: 
   //   firstVpin = First available Vpin to allocate
-  //   numPins= Number of Vpins to allocate, can be either 1 or 2
-  //   i2cAddress = Available I2C address (default 0x70)
+  //   numPins= Number of Vpins to allocate, can be either 1 to 3
+  //   i2cAddress = Available I2C address (default 0x67)
 
   //RotaryEncoder::create(firstVpin, numPins, i2cAddress);
-  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 1, 0x70);
-  //RotaryEncoder::create(701, 2, 0x71);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 1, 0x67);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 2, 0x67);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 3, 0x67);
 
  //=======================================================================
   // The following directive defines an EX-FastClock instance.

platformio.ini

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 default_envs = 
 	mega2560
 	uno
-	mega328
 	unowifiR2
 	nano
 	samd21-dev-usb
@@ -149,10 +148,7 @@ build_flags =
 platform = atmelavr
 board = uno
 framework = arduino
-lib_deps = 
-	${env.lib_deps}
-	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
-	SPI
+lib_deps = ${env.lib_deps}
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_echo = yes
 build_flags = -mcall-prologues
@@ -165,6 +161,7 @@ framework = arduino
 lib_deps = ${env.lib_deps}
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_echo = yes
+build_flags = -mcall-prologues
 
 [env:ESP32]
 platform = espressif32

version.h

@@ -3,7 +3,51 @@
 
 #include "StringFormatter.h"
 
-#define VERSION "5.2.22"
+#define VERSION "5.2.48"
+// 5.2.48 - Bugfix: HALDisplay was generating I2C traffic prior to I2C being initialised
+// 5.2.47 - EXRAIL additions:
+//          STEALTH_GLOBAL
+//          BLINK
+//          TOGGLE_TURNOUT
+//          FTOGGLE, XFTOGGLE
+//          Reduced code-developmenmt DIAG noise
+// 5.2.46 - Support for extended consist CV20 in <R> and <W id>
+//        - New cmd <W CONSIST id [REVERSE]> to handle long/short consist ids
+// 5.2.45 - ESP32 Trackmanager reset cab number to 0 when track is not DC
+//          ESP32 fix PWM LEDC inverted pin mode
+//          ESP32 rewrite PWM LEDC to use pin mux
+// 5.2.42 - ESP32 Bugfix: Uninitialized stack variable
+// 5.2.41 - Update rotary encoder default address to 0x67
+// 5.2.40 - Allow no shield
+// 5.2.39 - Functions for DC frequency: Use func up to F31
+// 5.2.38 - Exrail MESSAGE("text") to send a user message to all 
+//          connected throttles (uses <m "text"> and  withrottle Hmtext.
+// 5.2.37 - Bugfix ESP32: Use BOOSTER_INPUT define
+// 5.2.36 - Variable frequency for DC mode
+// 5.2.35 - Bugfix: Make DCC Extended Accessories follow RCN-213
+// 5.2.34 - <A address aspect> Command fopr DCC Extended Accessories
+//        - Exrail ASPECT(address,aspect) for above.
+//        - EXRAIL DCCX_SIGNAL(Address,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
+//        - Exrail intercept <A ...> for DCC Signals. 
+// 5.2.33 - Exrail CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile)
+// 5.2.32 - Railcom Cutout (Initial trial Mega2560 only)
+// 5.2.31 - Exrail JMRI_SENSOR(vpin [,count]) creates <S> types.  
+// 5.2.30 - Bugfix: WiThrottle sendIntro after initial N message as well
+// 5.2.29 - Added IO_I2CDFPlayer.h to support DFPLayer over I2C connected to NXP SC16IS750/SC16IS752 (currently only single UART for SC16IS752)
+//        - Added enhanced IO_I2CDFPLayer enum commands to EXRAIL2.h
+//        - Added PLAYSOUND alias of ANOUT to EXRAILMacros.h
+//        - Added UART detection to I2CManager.cpp
+// 5.2.28 - ESP32: Can all Wifi channels.
+//        - ESP32: Only write Wifi password to display if it is a well known one
+// 5.2.27 - Bugfix: IOExpander memory allocation
+// 5.2.26 - Silently ignore overridden HAL defaults
+//        - include HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS macro in EXRAIL 
+// 5.2.25 - Fix bug causing <X> after working <D commands 
+// 5.2.24 - Exrail macro asserts to catch 
+//            : duplicate/missing automation/route/sequence/call ids
+//            : latches and reserves out of range
+//            : speeds out of range
+// 5.2.23 - KeywordHasher _hk (no functional change) 
 // 5.2.22 - Bugfixes: Empty turnout descriptions ok; negative route numbers valid.
 // 5.2.21 - Add STARTUP_DELAY config option to delay CS bootup
 // 5.2.20 - Check return of Ethernet.begin()