Rotary Encoder address 0x67

Prepend all I2CDFPlayer EXRail commands with DF_ to solve a Nucleo defined RESET

.gitignore

@@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ myFilter.cpp
 my*.h
 !my*.example.h
 compile_commands.json
+newcode.txt.old
+UserAddin.txt

CommandDistributor.cpp

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ void  CommandDistributor::parse(byte clientId,byte * buffer, RingStream * stream
 void CommandDistributor::forget(byte clientId) {
   if (clients[clientId]==WITHROTTLE_TYPE) WiThrottle::forget(clientId);
   clients[clientId]=NONE_TYPE;
+  if (virtualLCDClient==clientId) virtualLCDClient=RingStream::NO_CLIENT;
 }
 #endif 
 
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ void  CommandDistributor::broadcastTurnout(int16_t id, bool isClosed ) {
 }
 
 void CommandDistributor::broadcastTurntable(int16_t id, uint8_t position, bool moving) {
-  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<i %d %d %d>\n"), id, position, moving);
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<I %d %d %d>\n"), id, position, moving);
 }
 
 void  CommandDistributor::broadcastClockTime(int16_t time, int8_t rate) {
@@ -248,27 +249,128 @@ void  CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(byte slot) {
 }
 
 void  CommandDistributor::broadcastPower() {
+  char pstr[] = "? x";
+  for(byte t=0; t<TrackManager::MAX_TRACKS; t++)
+    if (TrackManager::getPower(t, pstr))
+      broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p%s>\n"),pstr);
+
+  byte trackcount=0;
+  byte oncount=0;
+  byte offcount=0;
+  for(byte t=0; t<TrackManager::MAX_TRACKS; t++) {
+    if (TrackManager::isActive(t)) {
+      trackcount++;
+      // do not call getPower(t) unless isActive(t)!
+      if (TrackManager::getPower(t) == POWERMODE::ON)
+	oncount++;
+      else
+	offcount++;
+    }
+  }
+  //DIAG(F("t=%d on=%d off=%d"), trackcount, oncount, offcount);
+
+  char state='2';
+  if (oncount==0 || offcount == trackcount)
+    state = '0';
+  else if (oncount == trackcount) {
+    state = '1';
+  }
+
+  // additional info about MAIN, PROG and JOIN
   bool main=TrackManager::getMainPower()==POWERMODE::ON;
   bool prog=TrackManager::getProgPower()==POWERMODE::ON;
   bool join=TrackManager::isJoined();
+  //DIAG(F("m=%d p=%d j=%d"), main, prog, join);
   const FSH * reason=F("");
-  char state='1';
-  if (main && prog && join) reason=F(" JOIN");
-  else if (main && prog);
-  else if (main) reason=F(" MAIN");
-  else if (prog) reason=F(" PROG");
-  else state='0';
-  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p%c%S>\n"),state,reason);
+  if (join) {
+    reason = F(" JOIN"); // with space at start so we can append without space
+    broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p1 %S>\n"),reason);
+  } else {
+    if (main) {
+      //reason = F("MAIN");
+      broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p1 MAIN>\n"));
+    }
+    if (prog) {
+      //reason = F("PROG");
+      broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p1 PROG>\n"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (state != '2')
+    broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<p%c>\n"),state);
 #ifdef CD_HANDLE_RING
-  broadcastReply(WITHROTTLE_TYPE, F("PPA%c\n"), main?'1':'0');
+  // send '1' if all main are on, otherwise global state (which in that case is '0' or '2')
+  broadcastReply(WITHROTTLE_TYPE, F("PPA%c\n"), main?'1': state);
 #endif
-  LCD(2,F("Power %S%S"),state=='1'?F("On"):F("Off"),reason);  
+
+  LCD(2,F("Power %S%S"),state=='1'?F("On"): ( state=='0'? F("Off") : F("SC") ),reason);
 }
 
 void CommandDistributor::broadcastRaw(clientType type, char * msg) {
   broadcastReply(type, F("%s"),msg);
 }
 
-void CommandDistributor::broadcastTrackState(const FSH* format,byte trackLetter,int16_t dcAddr) {
-  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, format,trackLetter,dcAddr);
+void CommandDistributor::broadcastMessage(char * message) {
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<m \"%s\">\n"),message);
+  broadcastReply(WITHROTTLE_TYPE, F("Hm%s\n"),message);
 }
+
+void CommandDistributor::broadcastTrackState(const FSH* format, byte trackLetter, const FSH *modename, int16_t dcAddr) {
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, format, trackLetter, modename, dcAddr);
+}
+
+void  CommandDistributor::broadcastRouteState(uint16_t routeId, byte state ) {
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<jB %d %d>\n"),routeId,state);
+}
+
+void  CommandDistributor::broadcastRouteCaption(uint16_t routeId, const FSH* caption ) {
+  broadcastReply(COMMAND_TYPE, F("<jB %d \"%S\">\n"),routeId,caption);
+}
+
+Print * CommandDistributor::getVirtualLCDSerial(byte screen, byte row) {
+  Print * stream=virtualLCDSerial;
+  #ifdef  CD_HANDLE_RING
+  rememberVLCDClient=RingStream::NO_CLIENT;
+  if (!stream && virtualLCDClient!=RingStream::NO_CLIENT) {
+    // If we are broadcasting from a wifi/eth process we need to complete its output
+    // before merging broadcasts in the ring, then reinstate it in case
+    // the process continues to output to its client.
+    if ((rememberVLCDClient = ring->peekTargetMark()) != RingStream::NO_CLIENT) {
+      ring->commit();
+    }
+    ring->mark(virtualLCDClient);   
+    stream=ring; 
+  }
+  #endif
+  if (stream) StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<@ %d %d \""), screen,row);
+  return stream;  
+}
+
+void CommandDistributor::commitVirtualLCDSerial() {
+  #ifdef  CD_HANDLE_RING
+  if (virtualLCDClient!=RingStream::NO_CLIENT) {
+    StringFormatter::send(ring,F("\">\n"));
+    ring->commit();
+    if (rememberVLCDClient!=RingStream::NO_CLIENT) ring->mark(rememberVLCDClient);
+    return;  
+   }
+  #endif
+  StringFormatter::send(virtualLCDSerial,F("\">\n"));  
+}
+
+void CommandDistributor::setVirtualLCDSerial(Print * stream) {
+  #ifdef  CD_HANDLE_RING
+  virtualLCDClient=RingStream::NO_CLIENT;
+  if (stream && stream->availableForWrite()==RingStream::THIS_IS_A_RINGSTREAM) {
+     virtualLCDClient=((RingStream *) stream)->peekTargetMark();
+     virtualLCDSerial=nullptr;
+     return;
+  }      
+    #endif
+  virtualLCDSerial=stream;
+}
+
+Print* CommandDistributor::virtualLCDSerial=&USB_SERIAL;
+byte CommandDistributor::virtualLCDClient=0xFF;
+byte CommandDistributor::rememberVLCDClient=0;
+

CommandDistributor.h

@@ -55,10 +55,21 @@ public :
   static int16_t retClockTime();
   static void broadcastPower();
   static void broadcastRaw(clientType type,char * msg);
-  static void broadcastTrackState(const FSH* format,byte trackLetter,int16_t dcAddr);
+  static void broadcastTrackState(const FSH* format,byte trackLetter, const FSH* modename, int16_t dcAddr);
   template<typename... Targs> static void broadcastReply(clientType type, Targs... msg);
   static void forget(byte clientId);
+  static void broadcastRouteState(uint16_t routeId,byte state);
+  static void broadcastRouteCaption(uint16_t routeId,const FSH * caption);
+  static void broadcastMessage(char * message);
   
+  // Handling code for virtual LCD receiver.
+  static Print * getVirtualLCDSerial(byte screen, byte row);
+  static void commitVirtualLCDSerial();
+  static void setVirtualLCDSerial(Print * stream); 
+  private:
+    static Print * virtualLCDSerial;
+    static byte virtualLCDClient;
+    static byte rememberVLCDClient;
 };
 
 #endif

CommandStation-EX.ino

@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@
 #ifdef EXRAIL_WARNING
 #warning You have myAutomation.h but your hardware has not enough memory to do that, so EX-RAIL DISABLED
 #endif
+// compile time check, passwords 1 to 7 chars do not work, so do not try to compile with them at all
+// remember trailing '\0', sizeof("") == 1.
+#define PASSWDCHECK(S) static_assert(sizeof(S) == 1 || sizeof(S) > 8, "Password shorter than 8 chars")
 
 void setup()
 {
@@ -76,6 +79,12 @@ void setup()
 
   DIAG(F("License GPLv3 fsf.org (c) dcc-ex.com"));
 
+// If user has defined a startup delay, delay here before starting IO
+#if defined(STARTUP_DELAY)
+  DIAG(F("Delaying startup for %dms"), STARTUP_DELAY);
+  delay(STARTUP_DELAY);
+#endif
+
 // Initialise HAL layer before reading EEprom or setting up MotorDrivers 
   IODevice::begin();
 
@@ -87,7 +96,7 @@ void setup()
 
   DISPLAY_START (
     // This block is still executed for DIAGS if display not in use
-    LCD(0,F("DCC-EX v%S"),F(VERSION));
+    LCD(0,F("DCC-EX v" VERSION));
     LCD(1,F("Lic GPLv3"));
   );
 
@@ -96,10 +105,12 @@ void setup()
   // Start Ethernet if it exists
 #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
 #if WIFI_ON
+  PASSWDCHECK(WIFI_PASSWORD); // compile time check
   WifiInterface::setup(WIFI_SERIAL_LINK_SPEED, F(WIFI_SSID), F(WIFI_PASSWORD), F(WIFI_HOSTNAME), IP_PORT, WIFI_CHANNEL, WIFI_FORCE_AP);
 #endif // WIFI_ON
 #else
   // ESP32 needs wifi on always
+  PASSWDCHECK(WIFI_PASSWORD); // compile time check
   WifiESP::setup(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD, WIFI_HOSTNAME, IP_PORT, WIFI_CHANNEL, WIFI_FORCE_AP);
 #endif // ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
 

DCC.cpp

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ void DCC::setThrottle2( uint16_t cab, byte speedCode)  {
   DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 0);
 }
 
-void DCC::setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte byte1, byte byte2) {
+void DCC::setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte byte1, byte byte2, byte count) {
   // DIAG(F("setFunctionInternal %d %x %x"),cab,byte1,byte2);
   byte b[4];
   byte nB = 0;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ void DCC::setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte byte1, byte byte2) {
   if (byte1!=0) b[nB++] = byte1;
   b[nB++] = byte2;
 
-  DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 0);
+  DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, count);
 }
 
 // returns speed steps 0 to 127 (1 == emergency stop)
@@ -153,6 +153,22 @@ uint8_t DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(int cab) {
   return speedTable[reg].speedCode;
 }
 
+// returns 0 to 7 for frequency
+uint8_t DCC::getThrottleFrequency(int cab) {
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
+  (void)cab;
+  return 0;
+#else
+  int reg=lookupSpeedTable(cab);
+  if (reg<0)
+    return 0; // use default frequency
+  // shift out first 29 bits so we have the 3 "frequency bits" left
+  uint8_t res = (uint8_t)(speedTable[reg].functions >>29);
+  //DIAG(F("Speed table %d functions %l shifted %d"), reg, speedTable[reg].functions, res);
+  return res;
+#endif
+}
+
 // returns direction on loco
 // or true/forward on "loco not found"
 bool DCC::getThrottleDirection(int cab) {
@@ -183,43 +199,55 @@ bool DCC::setFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber, bool on) {
        b[nB++] = functionNumber >>7 ;  // high order bits
     }
     DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, nB, 4);
-    return true;
   }
-
+  // We use the reminder table up to 28 for normal functions.
+  // We use 29 to 31 for DC frequency as well so up to 28
+  // are "real" functions and 29 to 31 are frequency bits
+  // controlled by function buttons
+  if (functionNumber > 31)
+    return true;
+  
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg<0) return false;
 
   // Take care of functions:
   // Set state of function
-  unsigned long previous=speedTable[reg].functions;
-  unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
+  uint32_t previous=speedTable[reg].functions;
+  uint32_t funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   if (on) {
       speedTable[reg].functions |= funcmask;
   } else {
       speedTable[reg].functions &= ~funcmask;
   }
   if (speedTable[reg].functions != previous) {
-    updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+    if (functionNumber <= 28)
+      updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
     CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(reg);
   }
   return true;
 }
 
-// Flip function state
+// Flip function state (used from withrottle protocol)
 void DCC::changeFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
-  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>28) return;
+  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>31) return;
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
   if (reg<0) return;
   unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   speedTable[reg].functions ^= funcmask;
-  updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+  if (functionNumber <= 28) {
+    updateGroupflags(speedTable[reg].groupFlags, functionNumber);
+  }
   CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(reg);
 }
 
-int DCC::getFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
-  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>28) return -1;  // unknown
+// Report function state (used from withrottle protocol)
+// returns 0 false, 1 true or -1 for do not know
+int8_t DCC::getFn( int cab, int16_t functionNumber) {
+  if (cab<=0 || functionNumber>31)
+    return -1;  // unknown
   int reg = lookupSpeedTable(cab);
-  if (reg<0) return -1;
+  if (reg<0)
+    return -1;
 
   unsigned long funcmask = (1UL<<functionNumber);
   return  (speedTable[reg].functions & funcmask)? 1 : 0;
@@ -278,6 +306,57 @@ void DCC::setAccessory(int address, byte port, bool gate, byte onoff /*= 2*/) {
   }
 }
 
+bool DCC::setExtendedAccessory(int16_t address, int16_t value, byte repeats) {
+
+/* From https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/s-9.2.1_2012_07.pdf
+
+The Extended Accessory Decoder Control Packet is included for the purpose of transmitting aspect control to signal 
+decoders or data bytes to more complex accessory decoders. Each signal head can display one aspect at a time. 
+{preamble} 0 10AAAAAA 0 0AAA0AA1 0 000XXXXX 0 EEEEEEEE 1
+
+XXXXX is for a single head. A value of 00000 for XXXXX indicates the absolute stop aspect. All other aspects 
+represented by the values for XXXXX are determined by the signaling system used and the prototype being 
+modeled.
+
+From https://normen.railcommunity.de/RCN-213.pdf:
+
+More information is in RCN-213 about how the address bits are organized.
+preamble -0- 1 0 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 -0- 0 ^A10 ^A9 ^A8 0 A1 A0 1 -0- ....
+
+Thus in byte packet form the format is 10AAAAAA, 0AAA0AA1, 000XXXXX
+
+Die Adresse f<>r den ersten erweiterten Zubeh<65>rdecoder ist wie bei den einfachen
+Zubeh<EFBFBD>rdecodern die Adresse 4 = 1000-0001 0111-0001 . Diese Adresse wird in
+Anwenderdialogen als Adresse 1 dargestellt.
+
+This means that the first address shown to the user as "1" is mapped
+to internal address 4.
+
+Note that the Basic accessory format mentions "By convention these
+bits (bits 4-6 of the second data byte) are in ones complement" but
+this note is absent from the advanced packet description. The
+english translation does not mention that the address format for
+the advanced packet follows the one for the basic packet but
+according to the RCN-213 this is the case.
+
+We allow for addresses from -3 to 2047-3 as that allows to address the
+whole range of the 11 bits sent to track.
+*/
+  if ((address > 2044) || (address < -3)) return false; // 2047-3, 11 bits but offset 3
+  if (value != (value & 0x1F)) return false;            // 5 bits
+
+  address+=3;                        // +3 offset according to RCN-213
+  byte b[3];
+  b[0]= 0x80                         // bits always on
+    | ((address>>2) & 0x3F);         // shift out 2, mask out used bits
+  b[1]= 0x01                         // bits always on
+    | (((~(address>>8)) & 0x07)<<4)  // shift out 8, invert, mask 3 bits, shift up 4
+    | ((address & 0x03)<<1);         // mask 2 bits, shift up 1
+  b[2]=value;
+  DCCWaveform::mainTrack.schedulePacket(b, sizeof(b), repeats);
+  return true;
+}
+
 //
 // writeCVByteMain: Write a byte with PoM on main. This writes
 // the 5 byte sized packet to implement this DCC function
@@ -595,7 +674,7 @@ void DCC::loop()  {
 
 void DCC::issueReminders() {
   // if the main track transmitter still has a pending packet, skip this time around.
-  if ( DCCWaveform::mainTrack.getPacketPending()) return;
+  if (!DCCWaveform::mainTrack.isReminderWindowOpen()) return;
   // Move to next loco slot.  If occupied, send a reminder.
   int reg = lastLocoReminder+1;
   if (reg > highestUsedReg) reg = 0;  // Go to start of table
@@ -619,24 +698,39 @@ bool DCC::issueReminder(int reg) {
          break;
        case 1: // remind function group 1 (F0-F4)
           if (flags & FN_GROUP_1)
-              setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 128 | ((functions>>1)& 0x0F) | ((functions & 0x01)<<4)); // 100D DDDD
+#ifndef DISABLE_FUNCTION_REMINDERS
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 128 | ((functions>>1)& 0x0F) | ((functions & 0x01)<<4),0); // 100D DDDD
+#else
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 128 | ((functions>>1)& 0x0F) | ((functions & 0x01)<<4),2);
+          flags&= ~FN_GROUP_1;  // dont send them again
+#endif
           break;
        case 2: // remind function group 2 F5-F8
           if (flags & FN_GROUP_2)
-              setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 176 | ((functions>>5)& 0x0F));                           // 1011 DDDD
+#ifndef DISABLE_FUNCTION_REMINDERS
+  	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 176 | ((functions>>5)& 0x0F),0);                           // 1011 DDDD
+#else
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 176 | ((functions>>5)& 0x0F),2);
+          flags&= ~FN_GROUP_2;  // dont send them again
+#endif
           break;
        case 3: // remind function group 3 F9-F12
           if (flags & FN_GROUP_3)
-              setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 160 | ((functions>>9)& 0x0F));                           // 1010 DDDD
+#ifndef DISABLE_FUNCTION_REMINDERS
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 160 | ((functions>>9)& 0x0F),0);                           // 1010 DDDD
+#else
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,0, 160 | ((functions>>9)& 0x0F),2);
+          flags&= ~FN_GROUP_3;  // dont send them again
+#endif
           break;
        case 4: // remind function group 4 F13-F20
           if (flags & FN_GROUP_4)
-              setFunctionInternal(loco,222, ((functions>>13)& 0xFF));
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,222, ((functions>>13)& 0xFF),2);
           flags&= ~FN_GROUP_4;  // dont send them again
           break;
        case 5: // remind function group 5 F21-F28
           if (flags & FN_GROUP_5)
-              setFunctionInternal(loco,223, ((functions>>21)& 0xFF));
+	    setFunctionInternal(loco,223, ((functions>>21)& 0xFF),2);
           flags&= ~FN_GROUP_5;  // dont send them again
           break;
       }

DCC.h

@@ -61,16 +61,18 @@ public:
   static void setThrottle(uint16_t cab, uint8_t tSpeed, bool tDirection);
   static int8_t getThrottleSpeed(int cab);
   static uint8_t getThrottleSpeedByte(int cab);
+  static uint8_t getThrottleFrequency(int cab);
   static bool getThrottleDirection(int cab);
   static void writeCVByteMain(int cab, int cv, byte bValue);
   static void writeCVBitMain(int cab, int cv, byte bNum, bool bValue);
   static void setFunction(int cab, byte fByte, byte eByte);
   static bool setFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber, bool on);
   static void changeFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
-  static int  getFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
+  static int8_t getFn(int cab, int16_t functionNumber);
   static uint32_t getFunctionMap(int cab);
   static void updateGroupflags(byte &flags, int16_t functionNumber);
   static void setAccessory(int address, byte port, bool gate, byte onoff = 2);
+  static bool setExtendedAccessory(int16_t address, int16_t value, byte repeats=3);
   static bool writeTextPacket(byte *b, int nBytes);
   
   // ACKable progtrack calls  bitresults callback 0,0 or -1, cv returns value or -1
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ public:
     int loco;
     byte speedCode;
     byte groupFlags;
-    unsigned long functions;
+    uint32_t functions;
   };
  static LOCO speedTable[MAX_LOCOS];
  static int lookupSpeedTable(int locoId, bool autoCreate=true);
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ private:
   static byte loopStatus;
   static void setThrottle2(uint16_t cab, uint8_t speedCode);
   static void updateLocoReminder(int loco, byte speedCode);
-  static void setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte fByte, byte eByte);
+  static void setFunctionInternal(int cab, byte fByte, byte eByte, byte count);
   static bool issueReminder(int reg);
   static int lastLocoReminder;
   static int highestUsedReg;

DCCEX.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "CommandDistributor.h"
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #include "DCCTimer.h"    
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 #include "EXRAIL.h"
     
 #endif

DCCEXParser.cpp

@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
   0, Track power off
   1, Track power on
   a, DCC accessory control
-  A,
+  A, DCC extended accessory control
   b, Write CV bit on main
   B, Write CV bit
   c, Request current command
-  C,
+  C, configure the CS
   d,
   D, Diagnostic commands
   e, Erase EEPROM
@@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
   G,
   h,
   H, Turnout state broadcast
-  i, Reserved for future use - Turntable object broadcast
-  I, Reserved for future use - Turntable object command and control
+  i, Server details string
+  I, Turntable object command, control, and broadcast
   j, Throttle responses
   J, Throttle queries
   k, Reserved for future use - Potentially Railcom
   K, Reserved for future use - Potentially Railcom
   l, Loco speedbyte/function map broadcast
-  L,
-  m,
+  L, Reserved for LCC interface (implemented in EXRAIL)
+  m, message to throttles broadcast 
   M, Write DCC packet
   n,
   N,
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
 #include "DCCTimer.h"
 #include "EXRAIL2.h"
 #include "Turntables.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 
 // This macro can't be created easily as a portable function because the
 // flashlist requires a far pointer for high flash access. 
@@ -122,58 +124,9 @@ Once a new OPCODE is decided upon, update this list.
     for (int16_t i=0;;i+=sizeof(flashList[0])) {                            \
         int16_t value=GETHIGHFLASHW(flashList,i);       \
         if (value==INT16_MAX) break;                            \
-        if (value != 0) StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d"),value);	\
+        StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d"),value);	\
     }                                   
 
-
-// These keywords are used in the <1> command. The number is what you get if you use the keyword as a parameter.
-// To discover new keyword numbers , use the <$ YOURKEYWORD> command
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CABS = -11981;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RAM = 25982;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_CMD = 9962;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ACK = 3113;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DCC = 6436;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN = -30750;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST = -6353;
-#endif
-#ifndef DISABLE_EEPROM
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM = -7168;
-#endif
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT = 27413;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAX = 16244;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MIN = 15978;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESET = 26133;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RETRY = 25704;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28 = -17064;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128 = 25816;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO=27709;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_TT=2688;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_VPIN=-415;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_A='A';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_C='C';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_G='G';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_I='I';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_O='O';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_P='P';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_R='R';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_T='T';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_X='X';
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LCN = 15137;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_HAL = 10853;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SHOW = -21309;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ANIN = -10424;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ANOUT = -26399;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI = -5583;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET = -30767;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_WIT = 31594;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXTT = 8573;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ADD = 3201;
-
 int16_t DCCEXParser::stashP[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
 bool DCCEXParser::stashBusy;
 Print *DCCEXParser::stashStream = NULL;
@@ -209,8 +162,10 @@ int16_t DCCEXParser::splitValues(int16_t result[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS], const byte
         case 1: // skipping spaces before a param
             if (hot == ' ')
                 break;
-            if (hot == '\0' || hot == '>')
-                return parameterCount;
+            if (hot == '\0')
+	      return -1;
+	    if (hot == '>')
+	      return parameterCount;
             state = 2;
             continue;
 
@@ -303,14 +258,19 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 #ifndef DISABLE_EEPROM
     (void)EEPROM; // tell compiler not to warn this is unused
 #endif
+    byte params = 0;
     if (Diag::CMD)
         DIAG(F("PARSING:%s"), com);
     int16_t p[MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS];
     while (com[0] == '<' || com[0] == ' ')
         com++; // strip off any number of < or spaces
     byte opcode = com[0];
-    byte params = splitValues(p, com, opcode=='M' || opcode=='P');
-    
+    int16_t splitnum = splitValues(p, com, opcode=='M' || opcode=='P');
+    if (splitnum < 0 || splitnum >= MAX_COMMAND_PARAMS) // if arguments are broken, leave but via printing <X>
+      goto out;
+    // Because of check above we are now inside byte size
+    params = splitnum;
+
     if (filterCallback)
         filterCallback(stream, opcode, params, p);
     if (filterRMFTCallback && opcode!='\0')
@@ -323,25 +283,22 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
         return; // filterCallback asked us to ignore
     case 't':   // THROTTLE <t [REGISTER] CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
     {
-        if (params==1) {  // <t cab>  display state
-        
-        int16_t slot=DCC::lookupSpeedTable(p[0],false);
-        if (slot>=0) {
-            DCC::LOCO * sp=&DCC::speedTable[slot];
-            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d %d %d %l>\n"),
-			sp->loco,slot,sp->speedCode,sp->functions);
-            }
-        else // send dummy state speed 0 fwd no functions. 
-            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d -1 128 0>\n"),p[0]);
-        return; 
-        }
-        
         int16_t cab;
         int16_t tspeed;
         int16_t direction;
-        
+
+        if (params==1) {  // <t cab>  display state
+	  int16_t slot=DCC::lookupSpeedTable(p[0],false);
+	  if (slot>=0)
+	    CommandDistributor::broadcastLoco(slot);
+	  else // send dummy state speed 0 fwd no functions.
+            StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<l %d -1 128 0>\n"),p[0]);
+	  return;
+        }
+
         if (params == 4)
         { // <t REGISTER CAB SPEED DIRECTION>
+	    // ignore register p[0]
             cab = p[1];
             tspeed = p[2];
             direction = p[3];
@@ -424,6 +381,13 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 #endif
         }
         return;
+    
+    case 'A': // EXTENDED ACCESSORY <A address value> 
+        // Note: if this happens to match a defined EXRAIL 
+        // DCCX_SIGNAL, then EXRAIL will have intercepted
+        // this command alrerady.   
+        if (params==2 && DCC::setExtendedAccessory(p[0],p[1])) return;
+        break;
      
     case 'T': // TURNOUT  <T ...>
         if (parseT(stream, params, p))
@@ -552,85 +516,81 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
 
     case '1': // POWERON <1   [MAIN|PROG|JOIN]>
         {
-        bool main=false;
-        bool prog=false;
-        bool join=false;
-        if (params > 1) break;
-        if (params==0) { // All
-            main=true;
-            prog=true;
-        }
-	if (params==1) {
-	  if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) { // <1 MAIN>
-            main=true;
+	  if (params > 1) break;
+	  if (params==0) { // All
+	    TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_ALL, POWERMODE::ON);
 	  }
+	  if (params==1) {
+	    if (p[0]=="MAIN"_hk) { // <1 MAIN>
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN, POWERMODE::ON);
+            }
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-	  else if (p[0] == HASH_KEYWORD_JOIN) {  // <1 JOIN>
-            main=true;
-            prog=true;
-            join=true;
-	  }
-	  else if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) { // <1 PROG>
-            prog=true;
-	  }
+            else if (p[0] == "JOIN"_hk) {  // <1 JOIN>
+	      TrackManager::setJoin(true);
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::ON);
+            }
+            else if (p[0]=="PROG"_hk) { // <1 PROG>
+	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::ON);
+            }
 #endif
-	  else break; // will reply <X>
+            else if (p[0] >= "A"_hk && p[0] <= "H"_hk) { // <1 A-H>
+	      byte t = (p[0] - 'A');
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::ON, t);
+	      //StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p1 %c>\n"), t+'A');
+            }
+	    else break; // will reply <X>
+	  }
+	  //TrackManager::streamTrackState(NULL,t);
+          
+	  return;
 	}
-        TrackManager::setJoin(join);
-        if (main) TrackManager::setMainPower(POWERMODE::ON);
-        if (prog) TrackManager::setProgPower(POWERMODE::ON);
-
-        CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
-        return;
-        }
-
+            
     case '0': // POWEROFF <0 [MAIN | PROG] >
         {
-        bool main=false;
-        bool prog=false;
-        if (params > 1) break;
-        if (params==0) { // All
-	  main=true;
-	  prog=true;
-        }
-	if (params==1) {
-	  if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) { // <0 MAIN>
-	    main=true;
+	  if (params > 1) break;
+	  if (params==0) { // All
+	    TrackManager::setJoin(false);
+	    TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_ALL, POWERMODE::OFF);
 	  }
+	  if (params==1) {
+	    if (p[0]=="MAIN"_hk) { // <0 MAIN>
+	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN, POWERMODE::OFF);
+	    }
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-	  else if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) { // <0 PROG>
-	    prog=true;
-	  }
+            else if (p[0]=="PROG"_hk) { // <0 PROG>
+	      TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=false;  // Prog track boost mode will not outlive prog track off
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_PROG, POWERMODE::OFF);
+            }
 #endif
-	  else break; // will reply <X>
+	    else if (p[0] >= "A"_hk && p[0] <= "H"_hk) { // <1 A-H>
+	      byte t = (p[0] - 'A');
+	      TrackManager::setJoin(false);
+	      TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::OFF, t);
+	      //StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<p0 %c>\n"), t+'A');
+	    }
+	    else break; // will reply <X>
+	  }
+	  return;
 	}
 
-        TrackManager::setJoin(false);
-        if (main) TrackManager::setMainPower(POWERMODE::OFF);
-        if (prog) {
-            TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=false;  // Prog track boost mode will not outlive prog track off
-            TrackManager::setProgPower(POWERMODE::OFF);
-        }
-
-        CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
-        return;
-        }
-
     case '!': // ESTOP ALL  <!>
         DCC::setThrottle(0,1,1); // this broadcasts speed 1(estop) and sets all reminders to speed 1.
         return;
 
+#ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
     case 'c': // SEND METER RESPONSES <c>
         // No longer useful because of multiple tracks See <JG> and <JI>
         if (params>0) break;
         TrackManager::reportObsoleteCurrent(stream);
         return;
-
+#endif
     case 'Q': // SENSORS <Q>
         Sensor::printAll(stream);
         return;
 
-    case 's': // <s>
+    case 's': // STATUS <s>
         StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<iDCC-EX V-%S / %S / %S G-%S>\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
         CommandDistributor::broadcastPower(); // <s> is the only "get power status" command we have
         Turnout::printAll(stream); //send all Turnout states
@@ -651,14 +611,18 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
     case ' ': // < >
         StringFormatter::send(stream, F("\n"));
         return;
+    case 'C': // CONFIG <C [params]>
+        if (parseC(stream, params, p))
+            return;
+        break;
 #ifndef DISABLE_DIAG
-    case 'D': // < >
+    case 'D': // DIAG <D [params]>
         if (parseD(stream, params, p))
             return;
         break;
 #endif
-    case '=': // <= Track manager control  >
-        if (TrackManager::parseJ(stream, params, p))
+    case '=': // TRACK MANAGER CONTROL <= [params]>
+        if (TrackManager::parseEqualSign(stream, params, p))
             return;
         break;
 
@@ -695,7 +659,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
             //if ((params<1) | (params>2)) break; // <J>
             int16_t id=(params==2)?p[1]:0;
             switch(p[0]) {
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_C: // <JC mmmm nn> sets time and speed
+                case "C"_hk: // <JC mmmm nn> sets time and speed
                     if (params==1) { // <JC> returns latest time
                         int16_t x = CommandDistributor::retClockTime();
                         StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jC %d>\n"), x);
@@ -704,53 +668,47 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                     CommandDistributor::setClockTime(p[1], p[2], 1);
                     return;
                 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_G: // <JG> current gauge limits
+                case "G"_hk: // <JG> current gauge limits
                     if (params>1) break;
                     TrackManager::reportGauges(stream);   // <g limit...limit>     
                     return;
                 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_I: // <JI> current values
+                case "I"_hk: // <JI> current values
                     if (params>1) break;
                     TrackManager::reportCurrent(stream);   // <g limit...limit>     
                     return;
 
-                case HASH_KEYWORD_A: // <JA> returns automations/routes
-                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jA"));
-                    if (params==1) {// <JA>
-#ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
-                        SENDFLASHLIST(stream,RMFT2::routeIdList)
-                        SENDFLASHLIST(stream,RMFT2::automationIdList)
-#endif
-                    }
-                    else {  // <JA id>
-                        StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d %c \"%S\""), 
-                                        id, 
-#ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
-                                        RMFT2::getRouteType(id), // A/R
-                                        RMFT2::getRouteDescription(id)
-#else  
-                                        'X',F("")
-#endif                                        
-                                        );
-                    }
-                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F(">\n"));      
-                    return; 
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_R: // <JR> returns rosters 
+                case "A"_hk: // <JA> intercepted by EXRAIL// <JA> returns automations/routes
+                    if (params!=1) break; // <JA>
+                    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jA>\n"));
+                    return;
+ 
+                case "M"_hk: // <JM> intercepted by EXRAIL
+                    if (params>1) break; // invalid cant do
+                    // <JM> requests stash size so say none.
+                    StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jM 0>\n")); 
+                    return;
+ 
+            case "R"_hk: // <JR> returns rosters 
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jR"));
 #ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
                 if (params==1) {
                     SENDFLASHLIST(stream,RMFT2::rosterIdList)
                 }
                 else {
-		  const FSH * functionNames= RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(id);
-		  StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d \"%S\" \"%S\""), 
-					id, RMFT2::getRosterName(id),
-					functionNames == NULL ? RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(0) : functionNames);
-		}
+                    auto rosterName= RMFT2::getRosterName(id);
+                    if (!rosterName) rosterName=F("");
+
+                    auto functionNames= RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(id);
+                    if (!functionNames) functionNames=RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(0);
+                    if (!functionNames) functionNames=F("");
+                    StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" %d \"%S\" \"%S\""), 
+					                            id, rosterName, functionNames);
+                }
 #endif          
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F(">\n"));      
                 return; 
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_T: // <JT> returns turnout list 
+            case "T"_hk: // <JT> returns turnout list 
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jT"));
                 if (params==1) { // <JT>
                     for ( Turnout * t=Turnout::first(); t; t=t->next()) { 
@@ -777,7 +735,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                 return;
 // No turntables without HAL support
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_O: // <JO returns turntable list
+            case "O"_hk: // <JO returns turntable list
                 StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jO"));
                 if (params==1) { // <JO>
                     for (Turntable * tto=Turntable::first(); tto; tto=tto->next()) { 
@@ -802,7 +760,7 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
                     }
                 }
                 return;
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_P: // <JP id> returns turntable position list for the turntable id
+            case "P"_hk: // <JP id> returns turntable position list for the turntable id
                 if (params==2) { // <JP id>
                     Turntable *tto=Turntable::get(id);
                     if (!tto || tto->isHidden()) {
@@ -839,15 +797,30 @@ void DCCEXParser::parseOne(Print *stream, byte *com, RingStream * ringStream)
         break;
 #endif
 
+    case 'L': // LCC interface implemented in EXRAIL parser
+        break; // Will <X> if not intercepted by EXRAIL 
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_VDPY
+    case '@': // JMRI saying "give me virtual LCD msgs"
+        CommandDistributor::setVirtualLCDSerial(stream);
+        StringFormatter::send(stream,
+            F("<@ 0 0 \"DCC-EX v" VERSION "\">\n"
+               "<@ 0 1 \"Lic GPLv3\">\n"));
+        return; 
+#endif
     default: //anything else will diagnose and drop out to <X>
+      if (opcode >= ' ' && opcode <= '~') {
         DIAG(F("Opcode=%c params=%d"), opcode, params);
         for (int i = 0; i < params; i++)
             DIAG(F("p[%d]=%d (0x%x)"), i, p[i], p[i]);
-        break;
+      } else {
+	DIAG(F("Unprintable %x"), opcode);
+      }
+      break;
 
     } // end of opcode switch
 
-    // Any fallout here sends an <X>
+out:// Any fallout here sends an <X>
     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<X>\n"));
 }
 
@@ -954,14 +927,14 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
           switch (p[1]) {
             // Turnout messages use 1=throw, 0=close.
             case 0:
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_C:
+            case "C"_hk:
               state = true;
               break;
             case 1:
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_T:
+            case "T"_hk:
               state= false;
               break;
-            case HASH_KEYWORD_X:
+            case "X"_hk:
 	    {
               Turnout *tt = Turnout::get(p[0]);
               if (tt) {
@@ -978,14 +951,14 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseT(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
         }
 
     default: // Anything else is some kind of turnout create function.
-      if (params == 6 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO) { // <T id SERVO n n n n>
+      if (params == 6 && p[1] == "SERVO"_hk) { // <T id SERVO n n n n>
         if (!ServoTurnout::create(p[0], (VPIN)p[2], (uint16_t)p[3], (uint16_t)p[4], (uint8_t)p[5]))
           return false;
       } else 
-      if (params == 3 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_VPIN) { // <T id VPIN n>
+      if (params == 3 && p[1] == "VPIN"_hk) { // <T id VPIN n>
         if (!VpinTurnout::create(p[0], p[2])) return false;
       } else 
-      if (params >= 3 && p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_DCC) {
+      if (params >= 3 && p[1] == "DCC"_hk) {
         // <T id DCC addr subadd>   0<=addr<=511, 0<=subadd<=3 (like <a> command).<T>
         if (params==4 && p[2]>=0 && p[2]<512 && p[3]>=0 && p[3]<4) { // <T id DCC n m>
           if (!DCCTurnout::create(p[0], p[2], p[3])) return false;
@@ -1044,116 +1017,153 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseS(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     return false;
 }
 
-bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
-{
+bool DCCEXParser::parseC(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]) {
+    (void)stream; // arg not used, maybe later?
     if (params == 0)
         return false;
-    bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_ON); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
     switch (p[0])
     {
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_CABS: // <D CABS>
-        DCC::displayCabList(stream);
-        return true;
-
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_RAM: // <D RAM>
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Free memory=%d\n"), DCCTimer::getMinimumFreeMemory());
-        return true;
-
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ACK: // <D ACK ON/OFF> <D ACK [LIMIT|MIN|MAX|RETRY] Value>
+    case "PROGBOOST"_hk:
+        TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=true;
+	    return true;
+#endif
+    case "RESET"_hk:
+        DCCTimer::reset();
+        break; // and <X> if we didnt restart
+    case "SPEED28"_hk:
+        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(28);
+	DIAG(F("28 Speedsteps"));
+        return true;
+
+    case "SPEED128"_hk:
+        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(128);
+	DIAG(F("128 Speedsteps"));
+        return true;
+#if defined(HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY) && !defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_UNO)
+    case "RAILCOM"_hk:
+        {   // <C RAILCOM ON|OFF|DEBUG >
+            if (params<2) return false;
+            bool on=false;
+            bool debug=false;
+            switch (p[1]) {
+                case "ON"_hk:
+                case 1:
+                    on=true;
+                    break;
+                case "DEBUG"_hk:
+                    on=true;
+                    debug=true;
+                    break;
+                case "OFF"_hk:
+                case 0:
+                     break;
+                default:
+                 return false;
+            }              
+        DIAG(F("Railcom %S")
+            ,DCCWaveform::setRailcom(on,debug)?F("ON"):F("OFF"));
+        return true;     
+        }
+#endif
+#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
+    case "ACK"_hk: // <D ACK ON/OFF> <D ACK [LIMIT|MIN|MAX|RETRY] Value>
 	if (params >= 3) {
-	    if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_LIMIT) {
+	    if (p[1] == "LIMIT"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setAckLimit(p[2]);
 	      LCD(1, F("Ack Limit=%dmA"), p[2]);  // <D ACK LIMIT 42>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MIN) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "MIN"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setMinAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Min=%uus"), p[2]);  //   <D ACK MIN 1500>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_MAX) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "MAX"_hk) {
 	      DCCACK::setMaxAckPulseDuration(p[2]);
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Max=%uus"), p[2]);  //   <D ACK MAX 9000>
-	    } else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_RETRY) {
+	    } else if (p[1] == "RETRY"_hk) {
 	      if (p[2] >255) p[2]=3;
 	      LCD(0, F("Ack Retry=%d Sum=%d"), p[2], DCCACK::setAckRetry(p[2]));  //   <D ACK RETRY 2>
 	    }
 	} else {
-	  StringFormatter::send(stream, F("Ack diag %S\n"), onOff ? F("on") : F("off"));
+      bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == "ON"_hk); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
+    
+	  DIAG(F("Ack diag %S"), onOff ? F("on") : F("off"));
 	  Diag::ACK = onOff;
 	}
         return true;
 #endif
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_CMD: // <D CMD ON/OFF>
+default: // invalid/unknown
+      break;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool DCCEXParser::parseD(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
+{
+    if (params == 0)
+        return false;
+    bool onOff = (params > 0) && (p[1] == 1 || p[1] == "ON"_hk); // dont care if other stuff or missing... just means off
+    switch (p[0])
+    {
+    case "CABS"_hk: // <D CABS>
+        DCC::displayCabList(stream);
+        return true;
+
+    case "RAM"_hk: // <D RAM>
+        DIAG(F("Free memory=%d"), DCCTimer::getMinimumFreeMemory());
+        return true;
+
+    case "CMD"_hk: // <D CMD ON/OFF>
         Diag::CMD = onOff;
         return true;
 
 #ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_WIFI: // <D WIFI ON/OFF>
+    case "WIFI"_hk: // <D WIFI ON/OFF>
         Diag::WIFI = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ETHERNET: // <D ETHERNET ON/OFF>
+    case "ETHERNET"_hk: // <D ETHERNET ON/OFF>
         Diag::ETHERNET = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_WIT: // <D WIT ON/OFF>
+    case "WIT"_hk: // <D WIT ON/OFF>
         Diag::WITHROTTLE = onOff;
         return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_LCN: // <D LCN ON/OFF>
+    case "LCN"_hk: // <D LCN ON/OFF>
         Diag::LCN = onOff;
         return true;
 #endif
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_PROGBOOST:
-        TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=true;
-	    return true;
-#endif
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_RESET:
-        DCCTimer::reset();
-        break; // and <X> if we didnt restart 
-    
-
 #ifndef DISABLE_EEPROM
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_EEPROM: // <D EEPROM NumEntries>
+    case "EEPROM"_hk: // <D EEPROM NumEntries>
 	if (params >= 2)
 	    EEStore::dump(p[1]);
 	return true;
 #endif
+    case "SERVO"_hk:  // <D SERVO vpin position [profile]>
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28:
-        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(28);
-	StringFormatter::send(stream, F("28 Speedsteps"));
-        return true;
-
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128:
-        DCC::setGlobalSpeedsteps(128);
-	StringFormatter::send(stream, F("128 Speedsteps"));
-        return true;
-
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_SERVO:  // <D SERVO vpin position [profile]>
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ANOUT:  // <D ANOUT vpin position [profile]>
+    case "ANOUT"_hk:  // <D ANOUT vpin position [profile]>
         IODevice::writeAnalogue(p[1], p[2], params>3 ? p[3] : 0);
-        break;
+        return true;
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_ANIN:   // <D ANIN vpin>  Display analogue input value
+    case "ANIN"_hk:   // <D ANIN vpin>  Display analogue input value
         DIAG(F("VPIN=%u value=%d"), p[1], IODevice::readAnalogue(p[1]));
-        break;
+        return true;
 
 #if !defined(IO_NO_HAL)
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_HAL: 
-        if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_SHOW) 
+    case "HAL"_hk: 
+        if (p[1] == "SHOW"_hk) 
           IODevice::DumpAll();
-        else if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_RESET)
+        else if (p[1] == "RESET"_hk)
           IODevice::reset();
-        break;
+        return true;
 #endif
 
-    case HASH_KEYWORD_TT:     // <D TT vpin steps activity>
+    case "TT"_hk:     // <D TT vpin steps activity>
         IODevice::writeAnalogue(p[1], p[2], params>3 ? p[3] : 0);
-        break;
+        return true;
 
     default: // invalid/unknown
-        break;
+        return parseC(stream, params, p);
     }
     return false;
 }
@@ -1181,7 +1191,7 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
             if (tto) {
                 bool type = tto->isEXTT();
                 uint8_t position = tto->getPosition();
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i %d %d>\n"), type, position);
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<I %d %d>\n"), type, position);
             } else {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -1202,12 +1212,12 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 3: // <I id position activity> | <I id DCC home> - rotate to position for EX-Turntable or create DCC turntable
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_DCC) {
+            if (p[1] == "DCC"_hk) {
                 if (tto || p[2] < 0 || p[2] > 3600) return false;
                 if (!DCCTurntable::create(p[0])) return false;
                 Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
                 tto->addPosition(0, 0, p[2]);
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i>\n"));
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<I>\n"));
             } else {
                 if (!tto) return false;
                 if (!tto->isEXTT()) return false;
@@ -1219,12 +1229,12 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 4: // <I id EXTT vpin home> create an EXTT turntable
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_EXTT) {
+            if (p[1] == "EXTT"_hk) {
                 if (tto || p[3] < 0 || p[3] > 3600) return false;
                 if (!EXTTTurntable::create(p[0], (VPIN)p[2])) return false;
                 Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
                 tto->addPosition(0, 0, p[3]);
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i>\n"));
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<I>\n"));
             } else {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -1234,11 +1244,11 @@ bool DCCEXParser::parseI(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
     case 5: // <I id ADD position value angle> add a position
         {
             Turntable *tto = Turntable::get(p[0]);
-            if (p[1] == HASH_KEYWORD_ADD) {
+            if (p[1] == "ADD"_hk) {
                 // tto must exist, no more than 48 positions, angle 0 - 3600
                 if (!tto || p[2] > 48 || p[4] < 0 || p[4] > 3600) return false;
                 tto->addPosition(p[2], p[3], p[4]);
-                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i>\n"));
+                StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<I>\n"));
             } else {
                 return false;
             }

DCCEXParser.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ struct DCCEXParser
     static bool parseZ(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
     static bool parseS(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
     static bool parsef(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+    static bool parseC(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
     static bool parseD(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
     static bool parseI(Print * stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[]);

DCCRMT.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- *  © 2021-2022, Harald Barth.
+ *  © 2021-2024, Harald Barth.
  *  
  *  This file is part of DCC-EX
  *
@@ -25,6 +25,18 @@
 #include "DCCWaveform.h" // for MAX_PACKET_SIZE
 #include "soc/gpio_sig_map.h"
 
+// check for right type of ESP32
+#include "soc/soc_caps.h"
+#ifndef SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL
+#error This symobol should be defined
+#endif
+#if SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL < 64
+#warning This is not an ESP32-WROOM but some other unsupported variant
+#warning You are outside of the DCC-EX supported hardware
+#endif
+
+static const byte RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN = 2;
+
 // Number of bits resulting out of X bytes of DCC payload data
 // Each byte has one bit extra and at the end we have one EOF marker
 #define DATA_LEN(X) ((X)*9+1)
@@ -75,12 +87,30 @@ void IRAM_ATTR interrupt(rmt_channel_t channel, void *t) {
 RMTChannel::RMTChannel(pinpair pins, bool isMain) {
   byte ch;
   byte plen;
+
+  // Below we check if the DCC packet actually fits into the RMT hardware
+  // Currently MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 5 so with checksum there are
+  // MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1 data packets. Each need DATA_LEN (9) bits.
+  // To that we add the preamble length, the fencepost DCC end bit
+  // and the RMT EOF marker.
+  // SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL is either 64 (original WROOM) or
+  // 48 (all other ESP32 like the -C3 or -S2
+  // The formula to get the possible MAX_PACKET_SIZE is
+  //
+  // ALLOCATED = RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN * SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL
+  // MAX_PACKET_SIZE = floor((ALLOCATED - PREAMBLE_LEN - 2)/9 - 1)
+  //
+
   if (isMain) {
     ch = 0;
     plen = PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN;
+    static_assert (DATA_LEN(MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1) + PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN + 2 <= RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN * SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL,
+		  "Number of DCC packet bits greater than ESP32 RMT memory available");
   } else {
-    ch = 2;
+    ch = RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN; // number == offset
     plen = PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG;
+    static_assert (DATA_LEN(MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1) + PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG + 2 <= RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN * SOC_RMT_MEM_WORDS_PER_CHANNEL,
+		   "Number of DCC packet bits greater than ESP32 RMT memory available");
   }
     
   // preamble
@@ -115,7 +145,7 @@ RMTChannel::RMTChannel(pinpair pins, bool isMain) {
   // data: max packet size today is 5 + checksum
   maxDataLen = DATA_LEN(MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1);  // plus checksum
   data = (rmt_item32_t*)malloc(maxDataLen*sizeof(rmt_item32_t));
-  
+
   rmt_config_t config;
   // Configure the RMT channel for TX
   bzero(&config, sizeof(rmt_config_t));
@@ -123,20 +153,10 @@ RMTChannel::RMTChannel(pinpair pins, bool isMain) {
   config.channel = channel = (rmt_channel_t)ch;
   config.clk_div = RMT_CLOCK_DIVIDER;
   config.gpio_num = (gpio_num_t)pins.pin;
-  config.mem_block_num = 2; // With longest DCC packet 11 inc checksum (future expansion)
-                            // number of bits needed is 22preamble + start +
-                            // 11*9 + extrazero + EOT = 124
-                            // 2 mem block of 64 RMT items should be enough
-
+  config.mem_block_num = RMT_CHAN_PER_DCC_CHAN;
+  // use config
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(rmt_config(&config));
   addPin(pins.invpin, true);
-  /*
-  // test: config another gpio pin
-  gpio_num_t gpioNum = (gpio_num_t)(pin-1);
-  PIN_FUNC_SELECT(GPIO_PIN_MUX_REG[gpioNum], PIN_FUNC_GPIO);
-  gpio_set_direction(gpioNum, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT);
-  gpio_matrix_out(gpioNum, RMT_SIG_OUT0_IDX, 0, 0);
-  */
   
   // NOTE: ESP_INTR_FLAG_IRAM is *NOT* included in this bitmask
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(rmt_driver_install(config.channel, 0, ESP_INTR_FLAG_LOWMED|ESP_INTR_FLAG_SHARED));

DCCTimer.h

@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ class DCCTimer {
   static bool isPWMPin(byte pin);
   static void setPWM(byte pin, bool high);
   static void clearPWM();
+  static void startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin);
+  static void ackRailcomTimer();
   static void DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency);
   static void DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value);
 
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ class DCCTimer {
   static void reset();
   
 private:
+  static void DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency);
   static int freeMemory();
   static volatile int minimum_free_memory;
   static const int DCC_SIGNAL_TIME=58;  // this is the 58uS DCC 1-bit waveform half-cycle 

DCCTimerAVR.cpp

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <avr/boot.h> 
 #include <avr/wdt.h>
 #include "DCCTimer.h"
+#include "DIAG.h"
 #ifdef DEBUG_ADC
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #endif
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ INTERRUPT_CALLBACK interruptHandler=0;
     #define TIMER1_A_PIN   11
     #define TIMER1_B_PIN   12
     #define TIMER1_C_PIN   13
+    #define TIMER2_A_PIN   10
+    #define TIMER2_B_PIN   9
+    
 #else
    #define TIMER1_A_PIN   9
    #define TIMER1_B_PIN   10
@@ -55,6 +59,67 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
     interrupts();
   }
 
+
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  /* The Railcom timer is started in such a way that it 
+     - First triggers 28uS after the last TIMER1 tick. 
+       This provides an accurate offset (in High Accuracy mode)
+       for the start of the Railcom cutout.
+     - Sets the Railcom pin high at first tick, 
+       because its been setup with 100% PWM duty cycle.
+        
+     - Cycles at 436uS so the second tick is the 
+        correct distance from the cutout.
+        
+     - Waveform code is responsible for altering the PWM 
+       duty cycle to 0% any time between the first and last tick.
+       (there will be 7 DCC timer1 ticks in which to do this.)
+    
+    */
+  (void) brakePin; // Ignored... works on pin 9 only 
+  const int cutoutDuration = 430; // Desired interval in microseconds
+  
+  // Set up Timer2 for CTC mode (Clear Timer on Compare Match)
+  TCCR2A = 0; // Clear Timer2 control register A
+  TCCR2B = 0; // Clear Timer2 control register B
+  TCNT2 = 0;  // Initialize Timer2 counter value to 0
+   // Configure Phase and Frequency Correct PWM mode
+   TCCR2A =  (1 << COM2B1); // enable pwm on pin 9
+   TCCR2A |= (1 << WGM20);
+  
+   
+  // Set Timer 2 prescaler to 32
+  TCCR2B = (1 << CS21) | (1 << CS20); // 32 prescaler
+
+  // Set the compare match value for desired interval
+  OCR2A = (F_CPU / 1000000) * cutoutDuration / 64 - 1;
+
+  // Calculate the compare match value for desired duty cycle
+  OCR2B = OCR2A+1;  // set duty cycle to 100%= OCR2A)
+
+  // Enable Timer2 output on pin 9 (OC2B)
+  DDRB |= (1 << DDB1);
+  // TODO Fudge TCNT2 to sync with last tcnt1 tick + 28uS
+
+ // Previous TIMER1 Tick was at rising end-of-packet bit
+ // Cutout starts half way through first preamble
+ // that is 2.5 * 58uS later.
+ // TCNT1 ticks 8 times / microsecond
+ // auto microsendsToFirstRailcomTick=(58+58+29)-(TCNT1/8);
+  // set the railcom timer counter allowing for phase-correct
+
+  // CHris's NOTE: 
+  // I dont kniow quite how this calculation works out but
+  // it does seems to get a good answer. 
+
+  TCNT2=193 + (ICR1 - TCNT1)/8;
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  OCR2B= 0x00;  // brake pin pwm duty cycle 0 at next tick
+}
+
+
 // ISR called by timer interrupt every 58uS
   ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect){ interruptHandler(); }
 
@@ -125,6 +190,81 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
 
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
+      // Not worth doin something here as:
+      // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
+      // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
+      // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
+#endif
+#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
+  // Speed mapping is done like this:
+  // No functions buttons:   000  0   -> low          131Hz
+  // Only F29 pressed        001  1   -> mid          490Hz
+  // F30 with or w/o F29     01x  2-3 -> high        3400Hz
+  // F31 with or w/o F29/30  1xx  4-7 -> supersonic 62500Hz
+  uint8_t abits;
+  uint8_t bbits;
+  if (pin == 9 || pin == 10) { // timer 2 is different
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      abits = B00000011;
+    else
+      abits = B00000001;
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      bbits = B0001;
+    else if (fbits >= 2)
+      bbits = B0010;
+    else if (fbits == 1)
+      bbits = B0100;
+    else //  fbits == 0
+      bbits = B0110;
+
+    TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+    TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and 3 bits of prescaler
+    DIAG(F("Timer 2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
+
+  } else { // not timer 9 or 10
+    abits = B01;
+
+    if (fbits >= 4)
+      bbits = B1001;
+    else if (fbits >= 2)
+      bbits = B0010;
+    else if (fbits == 1)
+      bbits = B0011;
+    else
+      bbits = B0100;
+
+    switch (pin) {
+      // case 9 and 10 taken care of above by if()
+    case 6:
+    case 7:
+    case 8:
+      // Timer4
+      TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+      TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and WGM3 and divisor
+      //DIAG(F("Timer 4 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR4A, TCCR4B);
+      break;
+    case 46:
+    case 45:
+    case 44:
+      // Timer5
+      TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | abits; // set WGM0 and WGM1
+      TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | bbits; // set WGM2 and WGM3 and divisor
+      //DIAG(F("Timer 5 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR5A, TCCR5B);
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
 #define NUM_ADC_INPUTS 16
 #else

DCCTimerESP.cpp

@@ -151,10 +151,26 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
    ESP.restart();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  if (f >= 16)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+  else if (f == 7)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 62500);
+  else if (f >= 4)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 32000);
+  else if (f >= 3)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 16000);
+  else if (f >= 2)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 3400);
+  else if (f == 1)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 480);
+  else
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 131);
+}
+
 #include "esp32-hal.h"
 #include "soc/soc_caps.h"
 
-
 #ifdef SOC_LEDC_SUPPORT_HS_MODE
 #define LEDC_CHANNELS           (SOC_LEDC_CHANNEL_NUM<<1)
 #else
@@ -164,7 +180,7 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
 static int8_t pin_to_channel[SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT] = { 0 };
 static int cnt_channel = LEDC_CHANNELS;
 
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency) {
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency) {
   if (pin < SOC_GPIO_PIN_COUNT) {
     if (pin_to_channel[pin] != 0) {
       ledcSetup(pin_to_channel[pin], frequency, 8);

DCCTimerMEGAAVR.cpp

@@ -80,6 +80,15 @@ extern char *__malloc_heap_start;
     interruptHandler();
   }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
   bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
        (void) pin; 
        return false;  // TODO what are the relevant pins? 
@@ -125,6 +134,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
   while(true){}
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 int16_t ADCee::ADCmax() {
   return 4095;
 }

DCCTimerSAMD.cpp

@@ -76,6 +76,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   interrupts();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 // Timer IRQ handlers replace the dummy handlers (in cortex_handlers)
 // copied from rf24 branch
 void TCC0_Handler() {
@@ -156,6 +165,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
     while(true) {};
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 #define NUM_ADC_INPUTS NUM_ANALOG_INPUTS
 
 uint16_t ADCee::usedpins = 0;

DCCTimerSTM32.cpp

@@ -50,11 +50,16 @@ HardwareSerial Serial6(PA12, PA11);  // Rx=PA12, Tx=PA11 -- CN10 pins 12 and 14
 // via the debugger on the Nucleo-64. It is therefore unavailable for other DCC-EX uses like WiFi, DFPlayer, etc.
 // On the F446RE, Serial3 and Serial5 are easy to use:
 HardwareSerial Serial3(PC11, PC10);  // Rx=PC11, Tx=PC10 -- USART3 - F446RE
-HardwareSerial Serial5(PD2, PC12);  // Rx=PC7, Tx=PC6 -- UART5 - F446RE
+HardwareSerial Serial5(PD2, PC12);  // Rx=PD2, Tx=PC12 -- UART5 - F446RE
 // On the F446RE, Serial4 and Serial6 also use pins we can't readily map while using the Arduino pins
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F412ZG) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F413ZH) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F429ZI) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F446ZE) 
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F412ZG) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F413ZH) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F446ZE) || \
+      defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F429ZI) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F439ZI)
 // Nucleo-144 boards don't have Serial1 defined by default
 HardwareSerial Serial6(PG9, PG14);  // Rx=PG9, Tx=PG14 -- USART6
+HardwareSerial Serial5(PD2, PC12);  // Rx=PD2, Tx=PC12 -- UART5
+#if !defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F412ZG)
+  HardwareSerial Serial2(PD6, PD5);  // Rx=PD6, Tx=PD5 -- UART5
+#endif  
 // Serial3 is defined to use USART3 by default, but is in fact used as the diag console
 // via the debugger on the Nucleo-144. It is therefore unavailable for other DCC-EX uses like WiFi, DFPlayer, etc.
 #else
@@ -196,6 +201,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   interrupts();
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
   //TODO: STM32 whilst this call to digitalPinHasPWM will reveal which pins can do PWM,
   //      there's no support yet for High Accuracy, so for now return false
@@ -215,9 +229,9 @@ void DCCTimer::clearPWM() {
 }
 
 void   DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(byte mac[6]) {
-  volatile uint32_t *serno1 = (volatile uint32_t *)0x1FFF7A10;
-  volatile uint32_t *serno2 = (volatile uint32_t *)0x1FFF7A14;
-  // volatile uint32_t *serno3 = (volatile uint32_t *)0x1FFF7A18;
+  volatile uint32_t *serno1 = (volatile uint32_t *)UID_BASE;
+  volatile uint32_t *serno2 = (volatile uint32_t *)UID_BASE+4;
+  // volatile uint32_t *serno3 = (volatile uint32_t *)UID_BASE+8;
 
   volatile uint32_t m1 = *serno1;
   volatile uint32_t m2 = *serno2;
@@ -252,6 +266,23 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
     while(true) {};
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+  if (f >= 16)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, f);
+  else if (f == 7)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 62500);
+  else if (f >= 4)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 32000);
+  else if (f >= 3)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 16000);
+  else if (f >= 2)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 3400);
+  else if (f == 1)
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 480);
+  else
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(pin, 131);
+}
+
 // TODO: rationalise the size of these... could really use sparse arrays etc.
 static HardwareTimer * pin_timer[100] = {0};
 static uint32_t channel_frequency[100] = {0};
@@ -262,7 +293,7 @@ static uint32_t pin_channel[100] = {0};
 // sophisticated about detecting any clash between the timer we'd like to use for PWM and the ones
 // currently used for HA so they don't interfere with one another. For now we'll just make PWM
 // work well... then work backwards to integrate with HA mode if we can.
-void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency)
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t frequency)
 {
   if (pin_timer[pin] == NULL) {
     // Automatically retrieve TIM instance and channel associated to pin
@@ -306,18 +337,18 @@ void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(uint8_t pin, int value) {
     // Calculate percentage duty cycle from value given
     uint32_t duty_cycle = (value * 100 / 256) + 1;
     if (pin_timer[pin] != NULL) {
-      if (duty_cycle == 100)
-      {
-        pin_timer[pin]->pauseChannel(pin_channel[pin]);
-        DIAG(F("DCCEXanalogWrite::Pausing timer channel on pin %d"), pin);
-      }
-      else
-      {
+      // if (duty_cycle == 100)
+      // {
+      //   pin_timer[pin]->pauseChannel(pin_channel[pin]);
+      //   DIAG(F("DCCEXanalogWrite::Pausing timer channel on pin %d"), pin);
+      // }
+      // else
+      // {
         pinmap_pinout(digitalPinToPinName(pin), PinMap_TIM); // ensure the pin has been configured!
-        pin_timer[pin]->resumeChannel(pin_channel[pin]);
+        // pin_timer[pin]->resumeChannel(pin_channel[pin]);
         pin_timer[pin]->setCaptureCompare(pin_channel[pin], duty_cycle, PERCENT_COMPARE_FORMAT); // DCC_EX_PWM_FREQ Hertz, duty_cycle% dutycycle
         DIAG(F("DCCEXanalogWrite::Pin %d, value %d, duty cycle %d"), pin, value, duty_cycle);
-      }
+      // }
     }
     else
       DIAG(F("DCCEXanalogWrite::Pin %d is not configured for PWM!"), pin);

DCCTimerTEENSY.cpp

@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ void DCCTimer::begin(INTERRUPT_CALLBACK callback) {
   myDCCTimer.begin(interruptHandler, DCC_SIGNAL_TIME);
   }
 
+void DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(byte brakePin) {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+  (void) brakePin; 
+}
+
+void DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer() {
+  // TODO: for intended operation see DCCTimerAVR.cpp
+}
+
 bool DCCTimer::isPWMPin(byte pin) {
        //Teensy: digitalPinHasPWM, todo
       (void) pin;
@@ -141,6 +150,11 @@ void DCCTimer::reset() {
   SCB_AIRCR = 0x05FA0004;
 }
 
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(uint8_t pin, uint32_t f) {
+}
+void DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequencyInternal(uint8_t pin, uint32_t fbits) {
+}
+
 int16_t ADCee::ADCmax() {
   return 4095;
 }

DCCWaveform.cpp

@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ void DCCWaveform::interruptHandler() {
 DCCWaveform::DCCWaveform( byte preambleBits, bool isMain) {
   isMainTrack = isMain;
   packetPending = false;
+  reminderWindowOpen = false;
   memcpy(transmitPacket, idlePacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
   state = WAVE_START;
   // The +1 below is to allow the preamble generator to create the stop bit
@@ -114,8 +115,22 @@ DCCWaveform::DCCWaveform( byte preambleBits, bool isMain) {
   bytes_sent = 0;
   bits_sent = 0;
 }
+    
+volatile bool DCCWaveform::railcomActive=false;     // switched on by user
+volatile bool DCCWaveform::railcomDebug=false;     // switched on by user
 
-
+bool DCCWaveform::setRailcom(bool on, bool debug) {
+  if (on) {
+    // TODO check possible
+    railcomActive=true;
+    railcomDebug=debug;
+  }
+  else {
+    railcomActive=false;
+    railcomDebug=false;
+  } 
+  return railcomActive;
+}
 
 #pragma GCC push_options
 #pragma GCC optimize ("-O3")
@@ -123,13 +138,19 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
   // calculate the next bit to be sent:
   // set state WAVE_MID_1  for a 1=bit
   //        or WAVE_HIGH_0 for a 0 bit.
-
   if (remainingPreambles > 0 ) {
     state=WAVE_MID_1;  // switch state to trigger LOW on next interrupt
     remainingPreambles--;
+  
+    // As we get to the end of the preambles, open the reminder window.
+    // This delays any reminder insertion until the last moment so
+    // that the reminder doesn't block a more urgent packet. 
+    reminderWindowOpen=transmitRepeats==0 && remainingPreambles<4 && remainingPreambles>1;
+    if (remainingPreambles==1) promotePendingPacket();
+    else if (remainingPreambles==10 && isMainTrack && railcomActive) DCCTimer::ackRailcomTimer();
     // Update free memory diagnostic as we don't have anything else to do this time.
     // Allow for checkAck and its called functions using 22 bytes more.
-    DCCTimer::updateMinimumFreeMemoryISR(22); 
+    else DCCTimer::updateMinimumFreeMemoryISR(22); 
     return;
   }
 
@@ -148,30 +169,15 @@ void DCCWaveform::interrupt2() {
     if (bytes_sent >= transmitLength) {
       // end of transmission buffer... repeat or switch to next message
       bytes_sent = 0;
+      // preamble for next packet will start...
       remainingPreambles = requiredPreambles;
-
-      if (transmitRepeats > 0) {
-        transmitRepeats--;
+      
+      // set the railcom coundown to trigger half way 
+      // through the first preamble bit.
+      // Note.. we are still sending the last packet bit
+      //    and we then have to allow for the packet end bit
+      if (isMainTrack && railcomActive) DCCTimer::startRailcomTimer(9);
       }
-      else if (packetPending) {
-        // Copy pending packet to transmit packet
-        // a fixed length memcpy is faster than a variable length loop for these small lengths
-        // for (int b = 0; b < pendingLength; b++) transmitPacket[b] = pendingPacket[b];
-        memcpy( transmitPacket, pendingPacket, sizeof(pendingPacket));
-        
-        transmitLength = pendingLength;
-        transmitRepeats = pendingRepeats;
-        packetPending = false;
-        clearResets();
-      }
-      else {
-        // Fortunately reset and idle packets are the same length
-        memcpy( transmitPacket, isMainTrack ? idlePacket : resetPacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
-        transmitLength = sizeof(idlePacket);
-        transmitRepeats = 0;
-        if (getResets() < 250) sentResetsSincePacket++; // only place to increment (private!)
-      }
-    }
   }  
 }
 #pragma GCC pop_options
@@ -193,8 +199,43 @@ void DCCWaveform::schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repea
   packetPending = true;
   clearResets();
 }
-bool DCCWaveform::getPacketPending() {
-  return packetPending;
+
+bool DCCWaveform::isReminderWindowOpen() {
+  return reminderWindowOpen && ! packetPending;
+}
+
+void DCCWaveform::promotePendingPacket() {
+    // fill the transmission packet from the pending packet
+    
+    // Just keep going if repeating  
+    if (transmitRepeats > 0) {
+        transmitRepeats--;
+        return;
+      }
+
+    if (packetPending) {
+        // Copy pending packet to transmit packet
+        // a fixed length memcpy is faster than a variable length loop for these small lengths
+        // for (int b = 0; b < pendingLength; b++) transmitPacket[b] = pendingPacket[b];
+        memcpy( transmitPacket, pendingPacket, sizeof(pendingPacket));
+        
+        transmitLength = pendingLength;
+        transmitRepeats = pendingRepeats;
+        packetPending = false;
+        clearResets();
+        return;
+      }
+      
+      // nothing to do, just send idles or resets
+      // Fortunately reset and idle packets are the same length
+      // Note: If railcomDebug is on, then we send resets to the main
+      //       track instead of idles. This means that all data will be zeros
+      //       and only the porersets will be ones, making it much
+      //       easier to read on a logic analyser.
+      memcpy( transmitPacket, (isMainTrack && (!railcomDebug)) ? idlePacket : resetPacket, sizeof(idlePacket));
+      transmitLength = sizeof(idlePacket);
+      transmitRepeats = 0;
+      if (getResets() < 250) sentResetsSincePacket++; // only place to increment (private!)
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -266,18 +307,24 @@ void DCCWaveform::schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repea
   }
 }
 
-bool DCCWaveform::getPacketPending() {
+bool DCCWaveform::isReminderWindowOpen() {
   if(isMainTrack) {
     if (rmtMainChannel == NULL)
-      return true;
-    return rmtMainChannel->busy();
+      return false;
+    return !rmtMainChannel->busy();
   } else {
     if (rmtProgChannel == NULL)
-      return true;
-    return rmtProgChannel->busy();
+      return false;
+    return !rmtProgChannel->busy();
   }
 }
 void IRAM_ATTR DCCWaveform::loop() {
   DCCACK::checkAck(progTrack.getResets());
 }
+
+bool DCCWaveform::setRailcom(bool on, bool debug) {
+  // TODO... ESP32 railcom waveform
+  return false;
+}
+
 #endif

DCCWaveform.h

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  *  © 2021 M Steve Todd
  *  © 2021 Mike S
  *  © 2021 Fred Decker
- *  © 2020-2021 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2020-2024 Harald Barth
  *  © 2020-2021 Chris Harlow
  *  All rights reserved.
  *  
@@ -33,14 +33,21 @@
 
 
 // Number of preamble bits.
-const int   PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN = 16;
-const int   PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG = 22;
-const byte   MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 5;  // NMRA standard extended packets, payload size WITHOUT checksum.
+const byte PREAMBLE_BITS_MAIN = 16;
+const byte PREAMBLE_BITS_PROG = 22;
+const byte MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 5;     // NMRA standard extended packets, payload size WITHOUT checksum.
 
 
 // The WAVE_STATE enum is deliberately numbered because a change of order would be catastrophic
 // to the transform array.
-enum  WAVE_STATE : byte {WAVE_START=0,WAVE_MID_1=1,WAVE_HIGH_0=2,WAVE_MID_0=3,WAVE_LOW_0=4,WAVE_PENDING=5};
+enum  WAVE_STATE : byte {
+  WAVE_START=0,  // wave going high at start of bit 
+  WAVE_MID_1=1,  // middle of 1 bit 
+  WAVE_HIGH_0=2, // first part of 0 bit high
+  WAVE_MID_0=3,  // middle of 0 bit
+  WAVE_LOW_0=4,  // first part of 0 bit low
+  WAVE_PENDING=5 // next bit not yet known
+  };
 
 // NOTE: static functions are used for the overall controller, then
 // one instance is created for each track.
@@ -76,11 +83,15 @@ class DCCWaveform {
     };
 #endif
     void schedulePacket(const byte buffer[], byte byteCount, byte repeats);
-    bool getPacketPending();
+    bool isReminderWindowOpen();
+    void promotePendingPacket();
+    static bool setRailcom(bool on, bool debug);
+    static bool isRailcom() {return railcomActive;}
     
   private:
 #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
     volatile bool packetPending;
+    volatile bool reminderWindowOpen;
     volatile byte sentResetsSincePacket;
 #else
     volatile uint32_t resetPacketBase;
@@ -101,6 +112,9 @@ class DCCWaveform {
     byte pendingPacket[MAX_PACKET_SIZE+1]; // +1 for checksum
     byte pendingLength;
     byte pendingRepeats;
+    static volatile bool railcomActive;     // switched on by user
+    static volatile bool railcomDebug;     // switched on by user
+    
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
   static RMTChannel *rmtMainChannel;
   static RMTChannel *rmtProgChannel;

Display.h

@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
 class Display : public DisplayInterface {
 public:
   Display(DisplayDevice *deviceDriver);
+#if !defined (MAX_CHARACTER_ROWS)
   static const int MAX_CHARACTER_ROWS = 8;
+#endif
   static const int MAX_CHARACTER_COLS = MAX_MSG_SIZE;
   static const long DISPLAY_SCROLL_TIME = 3000;  // 3 seconds
 

Display_Implementation.h

@@ -54,7 +54,9 @@
     xxx;  \
     t->refresh();}
 #else
-  #define DISPLAY_START(xxx) {}
+  #define DISPLAY_START(xxx) { \
+  xxx; \
+  }
 
 #endif
 #endif // LCD_Implementation_h

EXRAIL2.cpp

@@ -55,22 +55,6 @@
 #include "Turntables.h"
 #include "IODevice.h"
 
-// Command parsing keywords
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXRAIL=15435;    
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ON = 2657;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_START=23232;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESERVE=11392;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_FREE=-23052;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_LATCH=1618;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_UNLATCH=1353;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PAUSE=-4142;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RESUME=27609;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_KILL=5218;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ALL=3457;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_ROUTES=-3702;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_RED=26099;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_AMBER=18713;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_GREEN=-31493;
 
 // One instance of RMFT clas is used for each "thread" in the automation.
 // Each thread manages a loco on a journey through the layout, and/or may manage a scenery automation.
@@ -85,8 +69,8 @@ RMFT2 * RMFT2::pausingTask=NULL; // Task causing a PAUSE.
  // when pausingTask is set, that is the ONLY task that gets any service,
  // and all others will have their locos stopped, then resumed after the pausing task resumes.
 byte RMFT2::flags[MAX_FLAGS];
-
-LookList *  RMFT2::sequenceLookup=NULL;
+Print * RMFT2::LCCSerial=0;
+LookList *  RMFT2::routeLookup=NULL;
 LookList *  RMFT2::onThrowLookup=NULL;
 LookList *  RMFT2::onCloseLookup=NULL;
 LookList *  RMFT2::onActivateLookup=NULL;
@@ -100,9 +84,10 @@ LookList *  RMFT2::onClockLookup=NULL;
 LookList *  RMFT2::onRotateLookup=NULL;
 #endif
 LookList *  RMFT2::onOverloadLookup=NULL;
-
-#define GET_OPCODE GETHIGHFLASH(RMFT2::RouteCode,progCounter)
-#define SKIPOP progCounter+=3
+byte * RMFT2::routeStateArray=nullptr; 
+const FSH  * * RMFT2::routeCaptionArray=nullptr; 
+int16_t * RMFT2::stashArray=nullptr;
+int16_t RMFT2::maxStashId=0;
 
 // getOperand instance version, uses progCounter from instance.
 uint16_t RMFT2::getOperand(byte n) {
@@ -120,6 +105,7 @@ uint16_t RMFT2::getOperand(int progCounter,byte n) {
 LookList::LookList(int16_t size) {
   m_size=size;
   m_loaded=0;
+  m_chain=nullptr;
   if (size) {
     m_lookupArray=new int16_t[size];
     m_resultArray=new int16_t[size];
@@ -137,8 +123,35 @@ int16_t LookList::find(int16_t value) {
   for (int16_t i=0;i<m_size;i++) {
     if (m_lookupArray[i]==value) return m_resultArray[i];
   }
+  return m_chain ?  m_chain->find(value)  :-1;
+}
+void LookList::chain(LookList * chain) {
+  m_chain=chain;
+}
+void LookList::handleEvent(const FSH* reason,int16_t id) {
+  // New feature... create multiple ONhandlers
+  for (int i=0;i<m_size;i++) 
+    if (m_lookupArray[i]==id)
+       RMFT2::startNonRecursiveTask(reason,id,m_resultArray[i]);
+}
+
+
+void LookList::stream(Print * _stream) {
+  for (int16_t i=0;i<m_size;i++) {
+    _stream->print(" ");
+    _stream->print(m_lookupArray[i]);
+  }
+}
+
+int16_t LookList::findPosition(int16_t value) {
+  for (int16_t i=0;i<m_size;i++) {
+    if (m_lookupArray[i]==value) return i;
+  }
   return -1;
 }
+int16_t LookList::size() {
+   return m_size;
+}
 
 LookList* RMFT2::LookListLoader(OPCODE op1, OPCODE op2, OPCODE op3) {
   int progCounter;
@@ -171,28 +184,36 @@ LookList* RMFT2::LookListLoader(OPCODE op1, OPCODE op2, OPCODE op3) {
   for (int f=0;f<MAX_FLAGS;f++) flags[f]=0;
   
   // create lookups
-  sequenceLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ROUTE, OPCODE_AUTOMATION,OPCODE_SEQUENCE);
+  routeLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ROUTE, OPCODE_AUTOMATION);
+  routeLookup->chain(LookListLoader(OPCODE_SEQUENCE));
+  if (compileFeatures && FEATURE_ROUTESTATE) {
+    routeStateArray=(byte *)calloc(routeLookup->size(),sizeof(byte));
+    routeCaptionArray=(const FSH * *)calloc(routeLookup->size(),sizeof(const FSH *));
+  }
   onThrowLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONTHROW);
   onCloseLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONCLOSE);
   onActivateLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONACTIVATE);
   onDeactivateLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONDEACTIVATE);
-  onRedLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONRED);
-  onAmberLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONAMBER);
-  onGreenLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONGREEN);
   onChangeLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONCHANGE);
   onClockLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONTIME);
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
   onRotateLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONROTATE);
 #endif
   onOverloadLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONOVERLOAD);
+  // onLCCLookup is not the same so not loaded here. 
 
   // Second pass startup, define any turnouts or servos, set signals red
   // add sequences onRoutines to the lookups
+if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL) {
+  onRedLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONRED);
+  onAmberLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONAMBER);
+  onGreenLookup=LookListLoader(OPCODE_ONGREEN);
   for (int sigslot=0;;sigslot++) {
     VPIN sigid=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigslot*8);
     if (sigid==0) break;  // end of signal list
     doSignal(sigid & SIGNAL_ID_MASK, SIGNAL_RED);
   }
+  }
 
   int progCounter;
   for (progCounter=0;; SKIPOP){
@@ -213,6 +234,12 @@ LookList* RMFT2::LookListLoader(OPCODE op1, OPCODE op2, OPCODE op3) {
       IODevice::configureInput((VPIN)pin,true);
       break;
     }
+    case OPCODE_STASH:
+    case OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH:
+    case OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH: {
+      maxStashId=max(maxStashId,((int16_t)operand));
+      break;
+    }
 
     case OPCODE_ATGTE:
     case OPCODE_ATLT:
@@ -292,203 +319,42 @@ LookList* RMFT2::LookListLoader(OPCODE op1, OPCODE op2, OPCODE op3) {
     }
   }
   SKIPOP; // include ENDROUTES opcode
-
-  DIAG(F("EXRAIL %db, fl=%d"),progCounter,MAX_FLAGS);
+  
+  if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) {
+    // create the stash array from the highest id found
+    if (maxStashId>0) stashArray=(int16_t*)calloc(maxStashId+1, sizeof(int16_t));
+     //TODO check EEPROM and fetch stashArray
+  }
+  
+  DIAG(F("EXRAIL %db, fl=%d, stash=%d"),progCounter,MAX_FLAGS, maxStashId);
 
   // Removed for 4.2.31  new RMFT2(0); // add the startup route
   diag=saved_diag;
 }
 
 void RMFT2::setTurnoutHiddenState(Turnout * t) {
-  // turnout descriptions are in low flash F strings 
-  t->setHidden(GETFLASH(getTurnoutDescription(t->getId()))==0x01);     
+  // turnout descriptions are in low flash F strings
+  const FSH *desc = getTurnoutDescription(t->getId());
+  if (desc) t->setHidden(GETFLASH(desc)==0x01);
 }
 
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
 void RMFT2::setTurntableHiddenState(Turntable * tto) {
-  tto->setHidden(GETFLASH(getTurntableDescription(tto->getId()))==0x01);
+  const FSH *desc = getTurntableDescription(tto->getId());
+  if (desc) tto->setHidden(GETFLASH(desc)==0x01);
 }
 #endif
 
 char RMFT2::getRouteType(int16_t id) {
-  for (int16_t i=0;;i+=2) {
-    int16_t rid= GETHIGHFLASHW(routeIdList,i);
-    if (rid==INT16_MAX) break;
-    if (rid==id) return 'R';
-  }
-  for (int16_t i=0;;i+=2) {
-    int16_t rid= GETHIGHFLASHW(automationIdList,i);
-    if (rid==INT16_MAX) break;
-    if (rid==id) return 'A';
+  int16_t progCounter=routeLookup->find(id);
+  if (progCounter>=0) {
+    byte type=GET_OPCODE; 
+    if (type==OPCODE_ROUTE) return 'R';
+    if (type==OPCODE_AUTOMATION) return 'A';
   }
   return 'X';
 }
 
-// This filter intercepts <> commands to do the following:
-// - Implement RMFT specific commands/diagnostics
-// - Reject/modify JMRI commands that would interfere with RMFT processing
-void RMFT2::ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
-  (void)stream; // avoid compiler warning if we don't access this parameter
-  bool reject=false;
-  switch(opcode) {
-    
-  case 'D':
-    if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_EXRAIL) { // <D EXRAIL ON/OFF>
-      diag = paramCount==2 && (p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_ON || p[1]==1);
-      opcode=0;
-    }
-        break;
-	
-  case '/':  // New EXRAIL command
-    reject=!parseSlash(stream,paramCount,p);
-    opcode=0;
-    break;
-    
-  default:  // other commands pass through
-    break;
-  }
-  if (reject) {
-    opcode=0;
-    StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<X>"));
-  }
-}
-
-bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
-
-  if (paramCount==0) { // STATUS
-    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<* EXRAIL STATUS"));
-    RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
-    while(task) {
-      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nID=%d,PC=%d,LOCO=%d%c,SPEED=%d%c"),
-			    (int)(task->taskId),task->progCounter,task->loco,
-			    task->invert?'I':' ',
-			    task->speedo,
-			    task->forward?'F':'R'
-			    );
-      task=task->next;
-      if (task==loopTask) break;
-    }
-    // Now stream the flags
-    for (int id=0;id<MAX_FLAGS; id++) {
-      byte flag=flags[id];
-      if (flag & ~TASK_FLAG & ~SIGNAL_MASK) { // not interested in TASK_FLAG only. Already shown above
-	      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nflags[%d] "),id);
-	      if (flag & SECTION_FLAG) StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" RESERVED"));
-	      if (flag & LATCH_FLAG) StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" LATCHED"));
-      }
-    }
-    // do the signals
-    // flags[n] represents the state of the nth signal in the table 
-    for (int sigslot=0;;sigslot++) {
-      VPIN sigid=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigslot*8);
-      if (sigid==0) break; // end of signal list 
-      byte flag=flags[sigslot] & SIGNAL_MASK; // obtain signal flags for this id
-      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\n%S[%d]"), 
-        (flag == SIGNAL_RED)? F("RED") : (flag==SIGNAL_GREEN) ? F("GREEN") : F("AMBER"),
-        sigid & SIGNAL_ID_MASK); 
-    } 
-    
-    StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" *>\n"));
-    return true;
-  }
-  switch (p[0]) {
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_PAUSE: // </ PAUSE>
-    if (paramCount!=1) return false;
-    DCC::setThrottle(0,1,true);  // pause all locos on the track
-    pausingTask=(RMFT2 *)1; // Impossible task address
-    return true;
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RESUME: // </ RESUME>
-    if (paramCount!=1) return false;
-    pausingTask=NULL;
-    {
-      RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
-      while(task) {
-	if (task->loco) task->driveLoco(task->speedo);
-	task=task->next;
-	if (task==loopTask) break;
-      }
-    }
-    return true;
-    
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_START: // </ START [cab] route >
-    if (paramCount<2 || paramCount>3) return false;
-    {
-      int route=(paramCount==2) ? p[1] : p[2];
-      uint16_t cab=(paramCount==2)? 0 : p[1];
-      int pc=sequenceLookup->find(route);
-      if (pc<0) return false;
-      RMFT2* task=new RMFT2(pc);
-      task->loco=cab;
-    }
-    return true;
-    
-  default:
-    break;
-  }
-
-  // check KILL ALL here, otherwise the next validation confuses ALL with a flag  
-  if (p[0]==HASH_KEYWORD_KILL && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_ALL) {
-    while (loopTask) loopTask->kill(F("KILL ALL")); // destructor changes loopTask
-    return true;   
-  }
-
-  // all other / commands take 1 parameter
-  if (paramCount!=2 ) return false;
-  
-  switch (p[0]) {
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_KILL: // Kill taskid|ALL
-    {
-    if ( p[1]<0  || p[1]>=MAX_FLAGS) return false;
-    RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
-      while(task) {
-	      if (task->taskId==p[1]) {
-	        task->kill(F("KILL"));
-	        return  true;
-	      }
-	      task=task->next;
-	      if (task==loopTask) break;
-      }
-    }
-    return false;
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RESERVE:  // force reserve a section
-    return setFlag(p[1],SECTION_FLAG);
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_FREE:  // force free a section
-    return setFlag(p[1],0,SECTION_FLAG);
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_LATCH:
-    return setFlag(p[1], LATCH_FLAG);
-    
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_UNLATCH:
-    return setFlag(p[1], 0, LATCH_FLAG);
- 
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_RED:
-    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_RED);
-    return true;
- 
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_AMBER:
-    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_AMBER);
-    return true;
- 
-  case HASH_KEYWORD_GREEN:
-    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_GREEN);
-    return true;
-    
-  default:
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
-
-// This emits Routes and Automations to Withrottle
-// Automations are given a state to set the button to "handoff" which implies
-// handing over the loco to the automation.
-// Routes are given "Set" buttons and do not cause the loco to be handed over.
-
-
 
 RMFT2::RMFT2(int progCtr) {
   progCounter=progCtr;
@@ -537,7 +403,7 @@ RMFT2::~RMFT2() {
 }
 
 void RMFT2::createNewTask(int route, uint16_t cab) {
-      int pc=sequenceLookup->find(route);
+      int pc=routeLookup->find(route);
       if (pc<0) return;
       RMFT2* task=new RMFT2(pc);
       task->loco=cab;
@@ -550,7 +416,6 @@ void RMFT2::driveLoco(byte speed) {
  power on appropriate track if DC or main if dcc
   if (TrackManager::getMainPowerMode()==POWERMODE::OFF) {
     TrackManager::setMainPower(POWERMODE::ON);
-    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
   }
   **********/
 
@@ -778,7 +643,20 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_POWEROFF:
     TrackManager::setPower(POWERMODE::OFF);
     TrackManager::setJoin(false);
-    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
+    break;
+  
+  case OPCODE_SET_POWER:
+      // operand is TRACK_POWER , trackid
+        //byte thistrack=getOperand(1);
+        switch (operand) {
+          case TRACK_POWER_0:
+            TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::OFF, getOperand(1));
+          break;
+          case TRACK_POWER_1:
+            TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE::ON, getOperand(1));
+          break;
+        }
+
     break;
 
   case OPCODE_SET_TRACK:
@@ -786,11 +664,50 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
       // If DC/DCX use  my loco for DC address 
       {
         TRACK_MODE mode = (TRACK_MODE)(operand>>8);
-        int16_t cab=(mode==TRACK_MODE_DC || mode==TRACK_MODE_DCX) ? loco : 0;
+        int16_t cab=(mode & TRACK_MODE_DC) ? loco : 0;
         TrackManager::setTrackMode(operand & 0x0F, mode, cab);
       }
       break; 
 
+  case OPCODE_SETFREQ:
+      // Frequency is default 0, or 1, 2,3
+      //if (loco) DCC::setFn(loco,operand,true);
+      switch (operand) {
+        case 0:  // default - all F-s off
+            if (loco) {
+                DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+                DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+                DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 1:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,true);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 2:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,true);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,false);
+            }
+        break;
+        case 3:
+            if (loco) {
+	      DCC::setFn(loco,29,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,30,false);
+              DCC::setFn(loco,31,true);
+            }
+        break;
+      default:
+	; // do nothing
+	break;
+      }
+
+      break;
+
   case OPCODE_RESUME:
     pausingTask=NULL;
     driveLoco(speedo);
@@ -922,9 +839,17 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     DCC::setAccessory(addr,subaddr,active);
     break;
   }
+   case OPCODE_ASPECT: {
+    // operand is address<<5 |  value
+    int16_t address=operand>>5;
+    byte aspect=operand & 0x1f;
+    if (!signalAspectEvent(address,aspect))
+      DCC::setExtendedAccessory(address,aspect);
+    break;
+  }
     
   case OPCODE_FOLLOW:
-    progCounter=sequenceLookup->find(operand);
+    progCounter=routeLookup->find(operand);
     if (progCounter<0) kill(F("FOLLOW unknown"), operand);
     return;
     
@@ -934,7 +859,7 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
       return;
     }
     callStack[stackDepth++]=progCounter+3;
-    progCounter=sequenceLookup->find(operand);
+    progCounter=routeLookup->find(operand);
     if (progCounter<0) kill(F("CALL unknown"),operand);
     return;
     
@@ -959,12 +884,10 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_JOIN:
     TrackManager::setPower(POWERMODE::ON);
     TrackManager::setJoin(true);
-    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
     break;
 
   case OPCODE_UNJOIN:
     TrackManager::setJoin(false);
-    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
     break;
 
   case OPCODE_READ_LOCO1: // READ_LOCO is implemented as 2 separate opcodes
@@ -992,12 +915,11 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_POWERON:
     TrackManager::setMainPower(POWERMODE::ON);
     TrackManager::setJoin(false);
-    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
     break;
     
   case OPCODE_START:
     {
-      int newPc=sequenceLookup->find(operand);
+      int newPc=routeLookup->find(operand);
       if (newPc<0) break;
       new RMFT2(newPc);
     }
@@ -1005,7 +927,7 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
     
   case OPCODE_SENDLOCO:  // cab, route
     {
-      int newPc=sequenceLookup->find(getOperand(1));
+      int newPc=routeLookup->find(getOperand(1));
       if (newPc<0) break;
       RMFT2* newtask=new RMFT2(newPc); // create new task
       newtask->loco=operand;
@@ -1020,7 +942,21 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
       invert=false;
     }
     break;
-    
+
+  case OPCODE_LCC:  // short form LCC
+      if ((compileFeatures & FEATURE_LCC) && LCCSerial) 
+          StringFormatter::send(LCCSerial,F("<L x%h>"),(uint16_t)operand);
+       break; 
+
+  case OPCODE_LCCX: // long form LCC
+       if ((compileFeatures & FEATURE_LCC) && LCCSerial)
+            StringFormatter::send(LCCSerial,F("<L x%h%h%h%h>\n"),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,1),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,2),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,3),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,0)
+                 );    
+        break;  
     
   case OPCODE_SERVO: // OPCODE_SERVO,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(position),OPCODE_PAD,V(profile),OPCODE_PAD,V(duration)
     IODevice::writeAnalogue(operand,getOperand(1),getOperand(2),getOperand(3));
@@ -1045,7 +981,47 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_PRINT:
     printMessage(operand);
     break;
-    
+  case OPCODE_ROUTE_HIDDEN:
+    manageRouteState(operand,2);
+    break;   
+  case OPCODE_ROUTE_INACTIVE:
+    manageRouteState(operand,0);
+    break;   
+  case OPCODE_ROUTE_ACTIVE:
+    manageRouteState(operand,1);
+    break;   
+  case OPCODE_ROUTE_DISABLED:
+    manageRouteState(operand,4);
+    break;   
+
+  case OPCODE_STASH:
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) 
+      stashArray[operand] = invert? -loco : loco;
+    break; 
+
+  case OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH:
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) 
+      stashArray[operand] = 0;
+    break; 
+       
+  case OPCODE_CLEAR_ALL_STASH:
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) 
+      for (int i=0;i<=maxStashId;i++) stashArray[operand]=0;
+    break;
+
+  case OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH:
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) {
+      int16_t x=stashArray[operand];
+      if (x>=0) {
+        loco=x;
+        invert=false;
+        break;
+      }
+      loco=-x;
+      invert=true;
+    }
+    break;
+  
   case OPCODE_ROUTE:
   case OPCODE_AUTOMATION:
   case OPCODE_SEQUENCE:
@@ -1058,6 +1034,7 @@ void RMFT2::loop2() {
   case OPCODE_SERVOTURNOUT: // Turnout definition ignored at runtime
   case OPCODE_PINTURNOUT: // Turnout definition ignored at runtime
   case OPCODE_ONCLOSE: // Turnout event catchers ignored here
+  case OPCODE_ONLCC:   // LCC event catchers ignored here 
   case OPCODE_ONTHROW:
   case OPCODE_ONACTIVATE: // Activate event catchers ignored here
   case OPCODE_ONDEACTIVATE:
@@ -1127,13 +1104,14 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
 }
 
 /* static */ void RMFT2::doSignal(int16_t id,char rag) {
+  if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL)) return; // dont compile code below
   if (diag) DIAG(F(" doSignal %d %x"),id,rag);
   
   // Schedule any event handler for this signal change.
-  // Thjis will work even without a signal definition. 
-  if (rag==SIGNAL_RED) handleEvent(F("RED"),onRedLookup,id);
-  else if (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN) handleEvent(F("GREEN"), onGreenLookup,id);
-  else handleEvent(F("AMBER"), onAmberLookup,id);
+  // This will work even without a signal definition. 
+  if (rag==SIGNAL_RED) onRedLookup->handleEvent(F("RED"),id);
+  else if (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN) onGreenLookup->handleEvent(F("GREEN"),id);
+  else onAmberLookup->handleEvent(F("AMBER"),id);
   
   int16_t sigslot=getSignalSlot(id);
   if (sigslot<0) return; 
@@ -1167,6 +1145,16 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
     return; 
   }
 
+ if (sigtype== DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG) {
+    // redpin,amberpin,greenpin are the 3 aspects
+    byte value=redpin;
+    if (rag==SIGNAL_AMBER) value=amberpin;
+    if (rag==SIGNAL_GREEN) value=greenpin; 
+    DCC::setExtendedAccessory(sigid & SIGNAL_ID_MASK,value);
+    return; 
+  }
+
+
   // LED or similar 3 pin signal, (all pins zero would be a virtual signal)
   // If amberpin is zero, synthesise amber from red+green
   const byte SIMAMBER=0x00;
@@ -1194,33 +1182,66 @@ int16_t RMFT2::getSignalSlot(int16_t id) {
 }
 
 /* static */ bool RMFT2::isSignal(int16_t id,char rag) {
+  if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL)) return false; 
   int16_t sigslot=getSignalSlot(id);
   if (sigslot<0) return false; 
   return (flags[sigslot] & SIGNAL_MASK) == rag;
 }
 
+
+// signalAspectEvent returns true if the aspect is destined
+// for a defined DCCX_SIGNAL which will handle all the RAG flags
+// and ON* handlers.
+// Otherwise false so the parser should send the command directly 
+bool RMFT2::signalAspectEvent(int16_t address, byte aspect ) {
+  if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL)) return false; 
+  int16_t sigslot=getSignalSlot(address);
+  if (sigslot<0) return false;  // this is not a defined signal 
+  int16_t sigpos=sigslot*8; 
+  VPIN sigid=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos);
+  VPIN sigtype=sigid & ~SIGNAL_ID_MASK;
+  if (sigtype!=DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG) return false; // not a DCCX signal
+  // Turn an aspect change into a RED/AMBER/GREEN setting
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+2)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_RED);
+      return true;
+  }
+  
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+4)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_AMBER);
+      return true;
+  }
+  
+  if (aspect==GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigpos+6)) {
+      doSignal(sigid,SIGNAL_GREEN);
+      return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;  // aspect is not a defined one    
+}
+
 void RMFT2::turnoutEvent(int16_t turnoutId, bool closed) {
   // Hunt for an ONTHROW/ONCLOSE for this turnout
-  if (closed)  handleEvent(F("CLOSE"),onCloseLookup,turnoutId);
-  else handleEvent(F("THROW"),onThrowLookup,turnoutId);
+  if (closed)  onCloseLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOSE"),turnoutId);
+  else onThrowLookup->handleEvent(F("THROW"),turnoutId);
 }
 
 
 void RMFT2::activateEvent(int16_t addr, bool activate) {
   // Hunt for an ONACTIVATE/ONDEACTIVATE for this accessory
-  if (activate)  handleEvent(F("ACTIVATE"),onActivateLookup,addr);
-  else handleEvent(F("DEACTIVATE"),onDeactivateLookup,addr);
+  if (activate)  onActivateLookup->handleEvent(F("ACTIVATE"),addr);
+  else onDeactivateLookup->handleEvent(F("DEACTIVATE"),addr);
 }
 
 void RMFT2::changeEvent(int16_t vpin, bool change) {
   // Hunt for an ONCHANGE for this sensor
-  if (change)  handleEvent(F("CHANGE"),onChangeLookup,vpin);
+  if (change)  onChangeLookup->handleEvent(F("CHANGE"),vpin);
 }
 
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
 void RMFT2::rotateEvent(int16_t turntableId, bool change) {
   // Hunt or an ONROTATE for this turntable
-  if (change) handleEvent(F("ROTATE"),onRotateLookup,turntableId);
+  if (change) onRotateLookup->handleEvent(F("ROTATE"),turntableId);
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -1229,8 +1250,8 @@ void RMFT2::clockEvent(int16_t clocktime, bool change) {
   if (Diag::CMD)
    DIAG(F("Looking for clock event at : %d"), clocktime);
   if (change) {
-    handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),onClockLookup,clocktime);
-    handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),onClockLookup,25*60+clocktime%60);
+    onClockLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),clocktime);
+    onClockLookup->handleEvent(F("CLOCK"),25*60+clocktime%60);
   }
 } 
 
@@ -1239,15 +1260,11 @@ void RMFT2::powerEvent(int16_t track, bool overload) {
   if (Diag::CMD)
    DIAG(F("Looking for Power event on track : %c"), track);
   if (overload) {
-    handleEvent(F("POWER"),onOverloadLookup,track);
+    onOverloadLookup->handleEvent(F("POWER"),track);
   }
 }
 
-
-void RMFT2::handleEvent(const FSH* reason,LookList* handlers, int16_t id) {
-  int pc= handlers->find(id);
-  if (pc<0) return;
-  
+void RMFT2::startNonRecursiveTask(const FSH* reason, int16_t id,int pc) {  
   // Check we dont already have a task running this handler
   RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
   while(task) {
@@ -1317,6 +1334,7 @@ void RMFT2::thrungeString(uint32_t strfar, thrunger mode, byte id) {
        break;  
     case thrunge_parse:
     case thrunge_broadcast:
+    case thrunge_message: 
     case thrunge_lcd:
     default:    // thrunge_lcd+1, ...
          if (!buffer) buffer=new StringBuffer();
@@ -1354,6 +1372,9 @@ void RMFT2::thrungeString(uint32_t strfar, thrunger mode, byte id) {
     case thrunge_withrottle:
       CommandDistributor::broadcastRaw(CommandDistributor::WITHROTTLE_TYPE,buffer->getString());
       break;
+    case thrunge_message:
+      CommandDistributor::broadcastMessage(buffer->getString());
+      break;
     case thrunge_lcd:
          LCD(id,F("%s"),buffer->getString());
          break;
@@ -1363,3 +1384,29 @@ void RMFT2::thrungeString(uint32_t strfar, thrunger mode, byte id) {
       break;       
     }
 }
+
+void RMFT2::manageRouteState(uint16_t id, byte state) {
+  if (compileFeatures && FEATURE_ROUTESTATE) {
+    // Route state must be maintained for when new throttles connect.
+    // locate route id in the Routes lookup
+    int16_t position=routeLookup->findPosition(id);
+    if (position<0) return; 
+    // set state beside it 
+    if (routeStateArray[position]==state) return; 
+    routeStateArray[position]=state;
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastRouteState(id,state);
+  }
+}
+void RMFT2::manageRouteCaption(uint16_t id,const FSH* caption) {
+  if (compileFeatures && FEATURE_ROUTESTATE) {
+    // Route state must be maintained for when new throttles connect.
+    // locate route id in the Routes lookup
+    int16_t position=routeLookup->findPosition(id);
+    if (position<0) return; 
+    // set state beside it 
+    if (routeCaptionArray[position]==caption) return; 
+    routeCaptionArray[position]=caption;
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastRouteCaption(id,caption);
+  }
+}
+  

EXRAIL2.h

@@ -51,24 +51,26 @@ enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
              OPCODE_JOIN,OPCODE_UNJOIN,OPCODE_READ_LOCO1,OPCODE_READ_LOCO2,
 #endif
              OPCODE_POM,
-             OPCODE_START,OPCODE_SETLOCO,OPCODE_SENDLOCO,OPCODE_FORGET,
+             OPCODE_START,OPCODE_SETLOCO,OPCODE_SETFREQ,OPCODE_SENDLOCO,OPCODE_FORGET,
              OPCODE_PAUSE, OPCODE_RESUME,OPCODE_POWEROFF,OPCODE_POWERON,
              OPCODE_ONCLOSE, OPCODE_ONTHROW, OPCODE_SERVOTURNOUT, OPCODE_PINTURNOUT,
-             OPCODE_PRINT,OPCODE_DCCACTIVATE,
+             OPCODE_PRINT,OPCODE_DCCACTIVATE,OPCODE_ASPECT,
              OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,OPCODE_ONDEACTIVATE,
              OPCODE_ROSTER,OPCODE_KILLALL,
              OPCODE_ROUTE,OPCODE_AUTOMATION,OPCODE_SEQUENCE,
              OPCODE_ENDTASK,OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL,
-             OPCODE_SET_TRACK,
+             OPCODE_SET_TRACK,OPCODE_SET_POWER,
              OPCODE_ONRED,OPCODE_ONAMBER,OPCODE_ONGREEN,
              OPCODE_ONCHANGE,
              OPCODE_ONCLOCKTIME,
              OPCODE_ONTIME,
-#ifndef IO_NO_HAL
              OPCODE_TTADDPOSITION,OPCODE_DCCTURNTABLE,OPCODE_EXTTTURNTABLE,
-             OPCODE_ONROTATE,OPCODE_ROTATE,OPCODE_IFTTPOSITION,OPCODE_WAITFORTT,
-#endif
+             OPCODE_ONROTATE,OPCODE_ROTATE,OPCODE_WAITFORTT,
+             OPCODE_LCC,OPCODE_LCCX,OPCODE_ONLCC,
              OPCODE_ONOVERLOAD,
+             OPCODE_ROUTE_ACTIVE,OPCODE_ROUTE_INACTIVE,OPCODE_ROUTE_HIDDEN,
+             OPCODE_ROUTE_DISABLED,
+             OPCODE_STASH,OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH,OPCODE_CLEAR_ALL_STASH,OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH,
 
              // OPcodes below this point are skip-nesting IF operations
              // placed here so that they may be skipped as a group
@@ -81,7 +83,8 @@ enum OPCODE : byte {OPCODE_THROW,OPCODE_CLOSE,
              OPCODE_IFRANDOM,OPCODE_IFRESERVE,
              OPCODE_IFCLOSED,OPCODE_IFTHROWN,
              OPCODE_IFRE,
-             OPCODE_IFLOCO
+             OPCODE_IFLOCO,
+             OPCODE_IFTTPOSITION
              };
 
 // Ensure thrunge_lcd is put last as there may be more than one display, 
@@ -91,11 +94,17 @@ enum thrunger: byte {
   thrunge_serial,thrunge_parse,
   thrunge_serial1, thrunge_serial2, thrunge_serial3,
   thrunge_serial4, thrunge_serial5, thrunge_serial6,
-  thrunge_lcn, 
+  thrunge_lcn,thrunge_message,
   thrunge_lcd,  // Must be last!!
   };
 
-
+  // Flag bits for compile time features.
+  static const byte FEATURE_SIGNAL= 0x80;
+  static const byte FEATURE_LCC   = 0x40;
+  static const byte FEATURE_ROSTER= 0x20;
+  static const byte FEATURE_ROUTESTATE= 0x10;
+  static const byte FEATURE_STASH = 0x08;
+  
  
   // Flag bits for status of hardware and TPL
   static const byte SECTION_FLAG = 0x80;
@@ -115,13 +124,20 @@ enum thrunger: byte {
 class LookList {
   public: 
     LookList(int16_t size);
+    void chain(LookList* chainTo);
     void add(int16_t lookup, int16_t result);
-    int16_t find(int16_t value);
+    int16_t find(int16_t value); // finds result value
+    int16_t findPosition(int16_t value); // finds index 
+    int16_t size();
+    void stream(Print * _stream); 
+    void handleEvent(const FSH* reason,int16_t id);
+
   private:
      int16_t m_size;
      int16_t m_loaded;
      int16_t * m_lookupArray;
-     int16_t * m_resultArray;     
+     int16_t * m_resultArray;
+     LookList* m_chain;     
 };
 
  class RMFT2 {
@@ -139,9 +155,11 @@ class LookList {
     static void clockEvent(int16_t clocktime, bool change);
     static void rotateEvent(int16_t id, bool change);
     static void powerEvent(int16_t track, bool overload);
+    static bool signalAspectEvent(int16_t address, byte aspect );    
     static const int16_t SERVO_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x4000;
     static const int16_t ACTIVE_HIGH_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x2000;
     static const int16_t DCC_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x1000;
+    static const int16_t DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG=0x3000;
     static const int16_t SIGNAL_ID_MASK=0x0FFF;
  // Throttle Info Access functions built by exrail macros 
   static const byte rosterNameCount;
@@ -155,7 +173,8 @@ class LookList {
   static const FSH *  getRosterFunctions(int16_t id);
   static const FSH *  getTurntableDescription(int16_t id);
   static const FSH *  getTurntablePositionDescription(int16_t turntableId, uint8_t positionId);
-    
+  static void startNonRecursiveTask(const FSH* reason, int16_t id,int pc);
+
 private: 
     static void ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]);
     static bool parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) ;
@@ -172,7 +191,6 @@ private:
     #endif
     static LookList* LookListLoader(OPCODE op1,
                       OPCODE op2=OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL,OPCODE op3=OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL);
-    static void handleEvent(const FSH* reason,LookList* handlers, int16_t id);
     static uint16_t getOperand(int progCounter,byte n);
     static RMFT2 * loopTask;
     static RMFT2 * pausingTask;
@@ -189,10 +207,11 @@ private:
     uint16_t getOperand(byte n); 
     
    static bool diag;
-   static const  HIGHFLASH  byte RouteCode[];
+   static const  HIGHFLASH3  byte RouteCode[];
    static const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t SignalDefinitions[];
    static byte flags[MAX_FLAGS];
-   static LookList * sequenceLookup;
+   static Print * LCCSerial;
+   static LookList * routeLookup;
    static LookList * onThrowLookup;
    static LookList * onCloseLookup;
    static LookList * onActivateLookup;
@@ -206,6 +225,16 @@ private:
    static LookList * onRotateLookup;
 #endif
    static LookList * onOverloadLookup;
+   
+   static const int countLCCLookup;
+   static int onLCCLookup[];
+   static const byte compileFeatures;
+   static void manageRouteState(uint16_t id, byte state);
+   static void manageRouteCaption(uint16_t id, const FSH* caption);
+   static byte * routeStateArray;
+   static const FSH ** routeCaptionArray;
+   static int16_t * stashArray;
+   static int16_t maxStashId;
     
   // Local variables - exist for each instance/task 
     RMFT2 *next;   // loop chain 
@@ -227,4 +256,27 @@ private:
     byte stackDepth;
     int callStack[MAX_STACK_DEPTH];
 };
+
+#define GET_OPCODE GETHIGHFLASH(RMFT2::RouteCode,progCounter)
+#define SKIPOP progCounter+=3
+
+// IO_I2CDFPlayer commands and values
+enum  : uint8_t{
+    DF_PLAY          = 0x0F,
+    DF_VOL           = 0x06,
+    DF_FOLDER        = 0x2B, // Not a DFPlayer command, used to set folder nr where audio file is
+    DF_REPEATPLAY    = 0x08,
+    DF_STOPPLAY      = 0x16,
+    DF_EQ            = 0x07, // Set equaliser, require parameter NORMAL, POP, ROCK, JAZZ, CLASSIC or BASS
+    DF_RESET         = 0x0C,
+    DF_DACON         = 0x1A,
+    DF_SETAM         = 0x2A, // Set audio mixer 1 or 2 for this DFPLayer   
+    DF_NORMAL        = 0x00, // Equalizer parameters
+    DF_POP           = 0x01,
+    DF_ROCK          = 0x02,
+    DF_JAZZ          = 0x03,
+    DF_CLASSIC       = 0x04,
+    DF_BASS          = 0x05,
+  };
+
 #endif

EXRAIL2MacroReset.h

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #undef ALIAS
 #undef AMBER
 #undef ANOUT
+#undef ASPECT
 #undef AT
 #undef ATGTE
 #undef ATLT
@@ -39,8 +40,12 @@
 #undef AUTOSTART
 #undef BROADCAST
 #undef CALL 
+#undef CLEAR_STASH
+#undef CLEAR_ALL_STASH
 #undef CLOSE 
+#undef CONFIGURE_SERVO
 #undef DCC_SIGNAL
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
 #undef DCC_TURNTABLE
 #undef DEACTIVATE
 #undef DEACTIVATEL
@@ -65,6 +70,7 @@
 #undef FWD 
 #undef GREEN
 #undef HAL
+#undef HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #undef IF 
 #undef IFAMBER
 #undef IFCLOSED
@@ -81,19 +87,24 @@
 #undef IFTTPOSITION
 #undef IFRE
 #undef INVERT_DIRECTION 
+#undef JMRI_SENSOR
 #undef JOIN 
 #undef KILLALL
 #undef LATCH 
 #undef LCD 
 #undef SCREEN
+#undef LCC 
+#undef LCCX 
 #undef LCN 
 #undef MOVETT
+#undef MESSAGE
 #undef ONACTIVATE
 #undef ONACTIVATEL
 #undef ONAMBER
 #undef ONDEACTIVATE
 #undef ONDEACTIVATEL 
 #undef ONCLOSE
+#undef ONLCC
 #undef ONTIME
 #undef ONCLOCKTIME
 #undef ONCLOCKMINS
@@ -105,6 +116,7 @@
 #undef ONCHANGE
 #undef PARSE
 #undef PAUSE
+#undef PICKUP_STASH
 #undef PIN_TURNOUT 
 #undef PRINT
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
@@ -123,6 +135,11 @@
 #undef ROTATE
 #undef ROTATE_DCC
 #undef ROUTE
+#undef ROUTE_ACTIVE
+#undef ROUTE_INACTIVE
+#undef ROUTE_HIDDEN
+#undef ROUTE_DISABLED
+#undef ROUTE_CAPTION
 #undef SENDLOCO 
 #undef SEQUENCE 
 #undef SERIAL 
@@ -138,11 +155,15 @@
 #undef SERVO_SIGNAL
 #undef SET
 #undef SET_TRACK
+#undef SET_POWER
 #undef SETLOCO 
+#undef SETFREQ
 #undef SIGNAL 
 #undef SIGNALH 
 #undef SPEED 
 #undef START 
+#undef STASH
+#undef STEALTH
 #undef STOP 
 #undef THROW
 #undef TT_ADDPOSITION
@@ -169,15 +190,20 @@
 #define AMBER(signal_id)
 #define ANOUT(vpin,value,param1,param2)
 #define AT(sensor_id)
+#define ASPECT(address,value)
 #define ATGTE(sensor_id,value) 
 #define ATLT(sensor_id,value) 
 #define ATTIMEOUT(sensor_id,timeout_ms)
 #define AUTOMATION(id,description) 
 #define AUTOSTART
 #define BROADCAST(msg)
-#define CALL(route) 
-#define CLOSE(id) 
+#define CALL(route)
+#define CLEAR_STASH(id)
+#define CLEAR_ALL_STASH(id)
+#define CLOSE(id)
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile) 
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,add,subaddr)
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
 #define DCC_TURNTABLE(id,home,description)
 #define DEACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
 #define DEACTIVATEL(addr)
@@ -192,7 +218,7 @@
 #define ENDTASK
 #define ESTOP 
 #define EXRAIL
-#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,i2c_address,home,description)
+#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,home,description)
 #define FADE(pin,value,ms)
 #define FOFF(func)
 #define FOLLOW(route) 
@@ -202,6 +228,7 @@
 #define FWD(speed) 
 #define GREEN(signal_id)
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #define IF(sensor_id) 
 #define IFAMBER(signal_id)
 #define IFCLOSED(turnout_id) 
@@ -218,12 +245,16 @@
 #define IFTTPOSITION(turntable_id,position)
 #define IFRE(sensor_id,value)
 #define INVERT_DIRECTION 
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...)
 #define JOIN 
 #define KILLALL
-#define LATCH(sensor_id) 
+#define LATCH(sensor_id)
+#define LCC(eventid) 
+#define LCCX(senderid,eventid) 
 #define LCD(row,msg)
 #define SCREEN(display,row,msg)
 #define LCN(msg) 
+#define MESSAGE(msg)
 #define MOVETT(id,steps,activity)
 #define ONACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
 #define ONACTIVATEL(linear)
@@ -235,6 +266,7 @@
 #define ONDEACTIVATE(addr,subaddr)
 #define ONDEACTIVATEL(linear) 
 #define ONCLOSE(turnout_id)
+#define ONLCC(sender,event)
 #define ONGREEN(signal_id) 
 #define ONRED(signal_id)
 #define ONROTATE(turntable_id)
@@ -244,6 +276,7 @@
 #define PIN_TURNOUT(id,pin,description...) 
 #define PRINT(msg) 
 #define PARSE(msg)
+#define PICKUP_STASH(id)
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
 #define POM(cv,value)
 #endif
@@ -260,6 +293,11 @@
 #define ROTATE_DCC(turntable_id,position)
 #define ROSTER(cab,name,funcmap...)
 #define ROUTE(id,description)
+#define ROUTE_ACTIVE(id)
+#define ROUTE_INACTIVE(id)
+#define ROUTE_HIDDEN(id)
+#define ROUTE_DISABLED(id)
+#define ROUTE_CAPTION(id,caption)
 #define SENDLOCO(cab,route) 
 #define SEQUENCE(id) 
 #define SERIAL(msg) 
@@ -275,11 +313,15 @@
 #define SERVO_TURNOUT(id,pin,activeAngle,inactiveAngle,profile,description...) 
 #define SET(pin) 
 #define SET_TRACK(track,mode)
+#define SET_POWER(track,onoff)
 #define SETLOCO(loco) 
+#define SETFREQ(loco,freq)
 #define SIGNAL(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SIGNALH(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SPEED(speed) 
-#define START(route) 
+#define START(route)
+#define STASH(id) 
+#define STEALTH(code...)
 #define STOP 
 #define THROW(id)
 #define TT_ADDPOSITION(turntable_id,position,value,angle,description...)

EXRAIL2Parser.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2021 Neil McKechnie
+ *  © 2021-2023 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2020-2023 Chris Harlow
+ *  © 2022-2023 Colin Murdoch
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+// THIS file is an extension of the RMFT2 class 
+//  normally found in EXRAIL2.cpp
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "defines.h"
+#include "EXRAIL2.h"
+#include "DCC.h"
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
+
+// This filter intercepts <> commands to do the following:
+// - Implement RMFT specific commands/diagnostics
+// - Reject/modify JMRI commands that would interfere with RMFT processing
+
+void RMFT2::ComandFilter(Print * stream, byte & opcode, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
+  (void)stream; // avoid compiler warning if we don't access this parameter
+  bool reject=false;
+  switch(opcode) {
+    
+  case 'D':
+    if (p[0]=="EXRAIL"_hk) { // <D EXRAIL ON/OFF>
+      diag = paramCount==2 && (p[1]=="ON"_hk || p[1]==1);
+      opcode=0;
+    }
+    break;
+	
+  case '/':  // New EXRAIL command
+    reject=!parseSlash(stream,paramCount,p);
+    opcode=0;
+    break;
+  
+  case 'A': //  <A address aspect>
+    if (paramCount!=2) break; 
+    // Ask exrail if this is just changing the aspect on a 
+    // predefined DCCX_SIGNAL. Because this will handle all 
+    // the IFRED and ONRED type issues at the same time.  
+    if (signalAspectEvent(p[0],p[1])) opcode=0; // all done 
+    break;
+
+  case 'L':
+    // This entire code block is compiled out if LLC macros not used 
+    if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_LCC)) return;
+
+    if (paramCount==0) {  //<L>  LCC adapter introducing self
+      LCCSerial=stream;   // now we know where to send events we raise
+
+      // loop through all possible sent events 
+      for (int progCounter=0;; SKIPOP) {
+        byte opcode=GET_OPCODE;
+        if (opcode==OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL) break;
+        if (opcode==OPCODE_LCC)  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<LS x%h>\n"),getOperand(progCounter,0));   
+        if (opcode==OPCODE_LCCX) { // long form LCC
+           StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<LS x%h%h%h%h>\n"),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,1),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,2),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,3),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,0)
+                 );        
+        }}
+      
+      // we stream the hex events we wish to listen to
+      // and at the same time build the event index looku.
+      
+      
+      int eventIndex=0;
+      for (int progCounter=0;; SKIPOP) {
+        byte opcode=GET_OPCODE;
+        if (opcode==OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL) break;
+        if (opcode==OPCODE_ONLCC) {
+           onLCCLookup[eventIndex]=progCounter; // TODO skip...
+           StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<LL %d x%h%h%h:%h>\n"),
+                 eventIndex,
+                 getOperand(progCounter,1),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,2),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,3),
+                 getOperand(progCounter,0)
+                 );   
+           eventIndex++;      
+        }
+      }
+      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<LR>\n")); // Ready to rumble
+      opcode=0;
+      break;
+    }
+    if (paramCount==1) {  // <L eventid> LCC event arrived from adapter
+        int16_t eventid=p[0];
+        reject=eventid<0 || eventid>=countLCCLookup;
+        if (!reject)  startNonRecursiveTask(F("LCC"),eventid,onLCCLookup[eventid]);
+        opcode=0;
+    }
+    break; 
+    
+    case 'J':  // throttle info commands
+        if (paramCount<1) return; 
+        switch(p[0]) {
+          case "A"_hk: // <JA> returns automations/routes
+            if (paramCount==1) {// <JA>
+              StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<jA"));
+              routeLookup->stream(stream);
+              StringFormatter::send(stream, F(">\n"));
+              opcode=0;
+              return; 
+            }
+            if (paramCount==2) {  // <JA id>
+              int16_t id=p[1];
+              StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jA %d %c \"%S\">\n"), 
+                id, getRouteType(id), getRouteDescription(id));
+              
+              if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_ROUTESTATE) {
+                // Send any non-default button states or captions
+                int16_t statePos=routeLookup->findPosition(id);
+                if (statePos>=0) {
+                 if (routeStateArray[statePos]) 
+                 StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jB %d %d>\n"), id, routeStateArray[statePos]);
+                  if (routeCaptionArray[statePos]) 
+                  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jB %d \"%S\">\n"), id,routeCaptionArray[statePos]);
+                }
+              }
+              opcode=0;
+              return;
+            }
+            break;
+        case "M"_hk:
+            // NOTE: we only need to handle valid calls here because 
+            // DCCEXParser has to have code to handle the <J<> cases where
+            // exrail isnt involved anyway. 
+            // This entire code block is compiled out if STASH macros not used 
+          if (!(compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH)) return;
+          if (paramCount==1) { // <JM>
+              StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jM %d>\n"),maxStashId);
+              opcode=0;
+              break;
+            } 
+          if (paramCount==2) {  // <JM id>
+              if (p[1]<=0 || p[1]>maxStashId) break;
+              StringFormatter::send(stream,F("<jM %d %d>\n"),
+                    p[1],stashArray[p[1]]);
+               opcode=0;     
+               break;    
+          } 
+          if (paramCount==3) {  // <JM id cab>
+              if (p[1]<=0 || p[1]>maxStashId) break;
+              stashArray[p[1]]=p[2];
+              opcode=0;
+              break;      
+          }
+          break; 
+
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+  default:  // other commands pass through
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+bool RMFT2::parseSlash(Print * stream, byte & paramCount, int16_t p[]) {
+
+  if (paramCount==0) { // STATUS
+    StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<* EXRAIL STATUS"));
+    RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
+    while(task) {
+      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nID=%d,PC=%d,LOCO=%d%c,SPEED=%d%c"),
+			    (int)(task->taskId),task->progCounter,task->loco,
+			    task->invert?'I':' ',
+			    task->speedo,
+			    task->forward?'F':'R'
+			    );
+      task=task->next;
+      if (task==loopTask) break;
+    }
+    // Now stream the flags
+    for (int id=0;id<MAX_FLAGS; id++) {
+      byte flag=flags[id];
+      if (flag & ~TASK_FLAG & ~SIGNAL_MASK) { // not interested in TASK_FLAG only. Already shown above
+	      StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nflags[%d] "),id);
+	      if (flag & SECTION_FLAG) StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" RESERVED"));
+	      if (flag & LATCH_FLAG) StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" LATCHED"));
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_SIGNAL) {
+      // do the signals
+      // flags[n] represents the state of the nth signal in the table 
+      for (int sigslot=0;;sigslot++) {
+        VPIN sigid=GETHIGHFLASHW(RMFT2::SignalDefinitions,sigslot*8);
+        if (sigid==0) break; // end of signal list 
+        byte flag=flags[sigslot] & SIGNAL_MASK; // obtain signal flags for this id
+        StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\n%S[%d]"), 
+          (flag == SIGNAL_RED)? F("RED") : (flag==SIGNAL_GREEN) ? F("GREEN") : F("AMBER"),
+          sigid & SIGNAL_ID_MASK); 
+      } 
+    }
+
+    if (compileFeatures & FEATURE_STASH) {
+      for (int i=1;i<=maxStashId;i++) {
+        if (stashArray[i])
+          StringFormatter::send(stream,F("\nSTASH[%d] Loco=%d"),
+              i, stashArray[i]); 
+      } 
+    }
+    
+    StringFormatter::send(stream,F(" *>\n"));
+    return true;
+  }
+  switch (p[0]) {
+  case "PAUSE"_hk: // </ PAUSE>
+    if (paramCount!=1) return false;
+    DCC::setThrottle(0,1,true);  // pause all locos on the track
+    pausingTask=(RMFT2 *)1; // Impossible task address
+    return true;
+    
+  case "RESUME"_hk: // </ RESUME>
+    if (paramCount!=1) return false;
+    pausingTask=NULL;
+    {
+      RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
+      while(task) {
+	if (task->loco) task->driveLoco(task->speedo);
+	task=task->next;
+	if (task==loopTask) break;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+    
+    
+  case "START"_hk: // </ START [cab] route >
+    if (paramCount<2 || paramCount>3) return false;
+    {
+      int route=(paramCount==2) ? p[1] : p[2];
+      uint16_t cab=(paramCount==2)? 0 : p[1];
+      int pc=routeLookup->find(route);
+      if (pc<0) return false;
+      RMFT2* task=new RMFT2(pc);
+      task->loco=cab;
+    }
+    return true;
+    
+  default:
+    break;
+  }
+
+  // check KILL ALL here, otherwise the next validation confuses ALL with a flag  
+  if (p[0]=="KILL"_hk && p[1]=="ALL"_hk) {
+    while (loopTask) loopTask->kill(F("KILL ALL")); // destructor changes loopTask
+    return true;   
+  }
+
+  // all other / commands take 1 parameter
+  if (paramCount!=2 ) return false;
+  
+  switch (p[0]) {
+  case "KILL"_hk: // Kill taskid|ALL
+    {
+    if ( p[1]<0  || p[1]>=MAX_FLAGS) return false;
+    RMFT2 * task=loopTask;
+      while(task) {
+	      if (task->taskId==p[1]) {
+	        task->kill(F("KILL"));
+	        return  true;
+	      }
+	      task=task->next;
+	      if (task==loopTask) break;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+    
+  case "RESERVE"_hk:  // force reserve a section
+    return setFlag(p[1],SECTION_FLAG);
+    
+  case "FREE"_hk:  // force free a section
+    return setFlag(p[1],0,SECTION_FLAG);
+    
+  case "LATCH"_hk:
+    return setFlag(p[1], LATCH_FLAG);
+    
+  case "UNLATCH"_hk:
+    return setFlag(p[1], 0, LATCH_FLAG);
+ 
+  case "RED"_hk:
+    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_RED);
+    return true;
+ 
+  case "AMBER"_hk:
+    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_AMBER);
+    return true;
+ 
+  case "GREEN"_hk:
+    doSignal(p[1],SIGNAL_GREEN);
+    return true;
+    
+  default:
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+

EXRAILMacros.h

@@ -59,32 +59,159 @@
 // helper macro for turnout description as HIDDEN 
 #define HIDDEN "\x01"
 
+// PLAYSOUND is alias of ANOUT to make the user experience of a Conductor beter for
+// playing sounds with IO_I2CDFPlayer
+#define PLAYSOUND ANOUT
+
 // helper macro to strip leading zeros off time inputs
 // (10#mins)%100)
 #define STRIP_ZERO(value) 10##value%100
 
+// These constants help EXRAIL macros convert Track Power e.g. SET_POWER(A ON|OFF).
+//const byte TRACK_POWER_0=0, TRACK_POWER_OFF=0;    
+//const byte TRACK_POWER_1=1, TRACK_POWER_ON=1;   
+
+
 // Pass 1 Implements aliases 
 #include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
 #undef ALIAS
 #define ALIAS(name,value...) const int name= 1##value##0 ==10 ? -__COUNTER__  : value##0/10; 
 #include "myAutomation.h"
 
+// Pass 1d Detect sequence duplicates.
+// This pass generates no runtime data or code 
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef AUTOMATION
+#define AUTOMATION(id, description) id,
+#undef ROUTE
+#define ROUTE(id, description) id,
+#undef SEQUENCE
+#define SEQUENCE(id) id,
+constexpr int16_t compileTimeSequenceList[]={
+   #include "myAutomation.h"
+   0
+   };
+constexpr int16_t stuffSize=sizeof(compileTimeSequenceList)/sizeof(int16_t) - 1;
+
+
+// Compile time function to check for sequence nos.
+constexpr bool hasseq(const int16_t value, const int16_t pos=0 ) {
+    return pos>=stuffSize? false :
+          compileTimeSequenceList[pos]==value 
+       || hasseq(value,pos+1); 
+}
+
+// Compile time function to check for duplicate sequence nos.
+constexpr bool hasdup(const int16_t value, const int16_t pos ) {
+    return pos>=stuffSize? false :
+          compileTimeSequenceList[pos]==value 
+       || hasseq(value,pos+1) 
+       || hasdup(compileTimeSequenceList[pos],pos+1);
+}
+
+
+static_assert(!hasdup(compileTimeSequenceList[0],1),"Duplicate SEQUENCE/ROUTE/AUTOMATION detected");
+
+//pass 1s static asserts to
+//  - check call and follows etc for existing sequence numbers
+//  - check range on LATCH/UNLATCH
+// This pass generates no runtime data or code 
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef ASPECT
+#define ASPECT(address,value) static_assert(address <=2044, "invalid Address"); \
+                              static_assert(address>=-3, "Invalid value");
+#undef CALL
+#define CALL(id) static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef FOLLOW
+#define FOLLOW(id)  static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef START
+#define START(id)  static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef SENDLOCO
+#define SENDLOCO(cab,id) static_assert(hasseq(id),"Sequence not found");
+#undef LATCH
+#define LATCH(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef UNLATCH
+#define UNLATCH(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef RESERVE
+#define RESERVE(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef FREE
+#define FREE(id) static_assert(id>=0 && id<MAX_FLAGS,"Id out of valid range 0-255" );
+#undef SPEED
+#define SPEED(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+#undef FWD
+#define FWD(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+#undef REV
+#define REV(speed) static_assert(speed>=0 && speed<128,"Speed out of valid range 0-127");
+
+#include "myAutomation.h"
+
 // Pass 1h Implements HAL macro by creating exrailHalSetup function
 // Also allows creating EXTurntable object
 #include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
 #undef HAL
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)  haltype::create(params);
-#undef EXTT_TURNTABLE
-#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,i2c_address,home,description...) EXTurntable::create(vpin,1,i2c_address);
-void exrailHalSetup() {
+#undef HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS ignore_defaults=true;
+#undef JMRI_SENSOR
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...) Sensor::createMultiple(vpin,##count);
+#undef  CONFIGURE_SERVO
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile) IODevice::configureServo(vpin,pos1,pos2,PCA9685::profile);
+bool exrailHalSetup() {
+   bool ignore_defaults=false;
    #include "myAutomation.h"
+   return ignore_defaults;
 }
 
+// Pass 1c detect compile time featurtes
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef SIGNAL
+#define SIGNAL(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) | FEATURE_SIGNAL 
+#undef SIGNALH
+#define SIGNALH(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) | FEATURE_SIGNAL 
+#undef SERVO_SIGNAL
+#define SERVO_SIGNAL(vpin,redval,amberval,greenval) | FEATURE_SIGNAL 
+#undef DCC_SIGNAL
+#define DCC_SIGNAL(id,addr,subaddr) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
+#undef VIRTUAL_SIGNAL
+#define VIRTUAL_SIGNAL(id) | FEATURE_SIGNAL
+
+#undef LCC
+#define LCC(eventid)  | FEATURE_LCC
+#undef LCCX
+#define LCCX(senderid,eventid) | FEATURE_LCC 
+#undef ONLCC
+#define ONLCC(senderid,eventid) | FEATURE_LCC
+#undef ROUTE_ACTIVE
+#define ROUTE_ACTIVE(id) | FEATURE_ROUTESTATE
+#undef ROUTE_INACTIVE
+#define ROUTE_INACTIVE(id) | FEATURE_ROUTESTATE
+#undef ROUTE_HIDDEN
+#define ROUTE_HIDDEN(id) | FEATURE_ROUTESTATE
+#undef ROUTE_DISABLED
+#define ROUTE_DISABLED(id) | FEATURE_ROUTESTATE
+#undef ROUTE_CAPTION
+#define ROUTE_CAPTION(id,caption) | FEATURE_ROUTESTATE
+
+#undef CLEAR_STASH
+#define CLEAR_STASH(id) | FEATURE_STASH
+#undef CLEAR_ALL_STASH
+#define CLEAR_ALL_STASH | FEATURE_STASH
+#undef PICKUP_STASH
+#define PICKUP_STASH(id) | FEATURE_STASH
+#undef STASH
+#define STASH(id) | FEATURE_STASH
+
+const byte RMFT2::compileFeatures = 0
+   #include "myAutomation.h"
+;
+
 // Pass 2 create throttle route list 
 #include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
 #undef ROUTE
 #define ROUTE(id, description) id,
-const int16_t HIGHFLASH RMFT2::routeIdList[]= {
+const int16_t HIGHFLASH  RMFT2::routeIdList[]= {
     #include "myAutomation.h"
     INT16_MAX};
 // Pass 2a create throttle automation list 
@@ -126,6 +253,15 @@ const int StringMacroTracker1=__COUNTER__;
 #define PRINT(msg) THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_print)
 #undef LCN
 #define LCN(msg)   THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_lcn)
+#undef MESSAGE
+#define MESSAGE(msg) THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_message)
+
+#undef ROUTE_CAPTION
+#define ROUTE_CAPTION(id,caption) \
+case (__COUNTER__ - StringMacroTracker1) : {\
+   manageRouteCaption(id,F(caption));\
+   return;\
+   }
 #undef SERIAL
 #define SERIAL(msg)   THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_serial)
 #undef SERIAL1
@@ -158,6 +294,8 @@ const int StringMacroTracker1=__COUNTER__;
          lcdid=id;\
          break;\
       } 
+#undef STEALTH
+#define STEALTH(code...) case (__COUNTER__ - StringMacroTracker1) : {code} return; 
 #undef WITHROTTLE
 #define WITHROTTLE(msg) THRUNGE(msg,thrunge_withrottle)
 
@@ -177,6 +315,8 @@ void  RMFT2::printMessage(uint16_t id) {
 #include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
 #undef TURNOUT
 #define TURNOUT(id,addr,subaddr,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
+#undef TURNOUTL
+#define TURNOUTL(id,addr,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
 #undef PIN_TURNOUT
 #define PIN_TURNOUT(id,pin,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
 #undef SERVO_TURNOUT
@@ -197,7 +337,7 @@ const FSH * RMFT2::getTurnoutDescription(int16_t turnoutid) {
 #undef DCC_TURNTABLE
 #define DCC_TURNTABLE(id,home,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
 #undef EXTT_TURNTABLE
-#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,i2c_address,home,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
+#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,home,description...) O_DESC(id,description)
 
 const FSH * RMFT2::getTurntableDescription(int16_t turntableId) {
    switch (turntableId) {
@@ -213,6 +353,8 @@ const FSH * RMFT2::getTurntableDescription(int16_t turntableId) {
 #define TT_ADDPOSITION(turntable_id,position,value,home,description...) T_DESC(turntable_id,position,description)
 
 const FSH * RMFT2::getTurntablePositionDescription(int16_t turntableId, uint8_t positionId) {
+  (void)turntableId;
+  (void)positionId;
    #include "myAutomation.h"
    return NULL;
 }
@@ -266,6 +408,8 @@ const FSH * RMFT2::getRosterFunctions(int16_t id) {
 #define SERVO_SIGNAL(vpin,redval,amberval,greenval) vpin | RMFT2::SERVO_SIGNAL_FLAG,redval,amberval,greenval, 
 #undef DCC_SIGNAL
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,addr,subaddr) id | RMFT2::DCC_SIGNAL_FLAG,addr,subaddr,0,
+#undef DCCX_SIGNAL
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect) id | RMFT2::DCCX_SIGNAL_FLAG,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect,
 #undef VIRTUAL_SIGNAL
 #define VIRTUAL_SIGNAL(id) id,0,0,0,
 
@@ -273,6 +417,16 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
     #include "myAutomation.h"
     0,0,0,0 };
 
+// Pass 9 ONLCC counter and lookup array
+#include "EXRAIL2MacroReset.h"
+#undef ONLCC
+#define ONLCC(sender,event) +1 
+
+const int RMFT2::countLCCLookup=0
+#include "myAutomation.h"
+;
+int RMFT2::onLCCLookup[RMFT2::countLCCLookup];
+
 // Last Pass : create main routes table
 // Only undef the macros, not dummy them.  
 #define  RMFT2_UNDEF_ONLY
@@ -290,6 +444,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define ALIAS(name,value...) 
 #define AMBER(signal_id) OPCODE_AMBER,V(signal_id),
 #define ANOUT(vpin,value,param1,param2) OPCODE_SERVO,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),OPCODE_PAD,V(param1),OPCODE_PAD,V(param2),
+#define ASPECT(address,value) OPCODE_ASPECT,V((address<<5) | (value & 0x1F)),
 #define AT(sensor_id) OPCODE_AT,V(sensor_id),
 #define ATGTE(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_ATGTE,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),  
 #define ATLT(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_ATLT,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),  
@@ -298,7 +453,10 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define AUTOSTART OPCODE_AUTOSTART,0,0,
 #define BROADCAST(msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define CALL(route) OPCODE_CALL,V(route),
+#define CLEAR_STASH(id) OPCODE_CLEAR_STASH,V(id),
+#define CLEAR_ALL_STASH OPCODE_CLEAR_ALL_STASH,V(0),
 #define CLOSE(id)  OPCODE_CLOSE,V(id),
+#define CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile)
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
 #define DCC_TURNTABLE(id,home,description...) OPCODE_DCCTURNTABLE,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(home),
 #endif
@@ -308,6 +466,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define DELAYMINS(mindelay) OPCODE_DELAYMINS,V(mindelay),
 #define DELAYRANDOM(mindelay,maxdelay) DELAY(mindelay) OPCODE_RANDWAIT,V((maxdelay-mindelay)/100L),
 #define DCC_SIGNAL(id,add,subaddr)
+#define DCCX_SIGNAL(id,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
 #define DONE OPCODE_ENDTASK,0,0,
 #define DRIVE(analogpin) OPCODE_DRIVE,V(analogpin),
 #define ELSE OPCODE_ELSE,0,0,
@@ -317,7 +476,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define ESTOP OPCODE_SPEED,V(1), 
 #define EXRAIL
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
-#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,i2c_address,home,description...) OPCODE_EXTTTURNTABLE,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(i2c_address),OPCODE_PAD,V(home),
+#define EXTT_TURNTABLE(id,vpin,home,description...) OPCODE_EXTTTURNTABLE,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(vpin),OPCODE_PAD,V(home),
 #endif
 #define FADE(pin,value,ms) OPCODE_SERVO,V(pin),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),OPCODE_PAD,V(PCA9685::ProfileType::UseDuration|PCA9685::NoPowerOff),OPCODE_PAD,V(ms/100L),
 #define FOFF(func) OPCODE_FOFF,V(func),
@@ -328,6 +487,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define FWD(speed) OPCODE_FWD,V(speed),
 #define GREEN(signal_id) OPCODE_GREEN,V(signal_id),
 #define HAL(haltype,params...)
+#define HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS
 #define IF(sensor_id) OPCODE_IF,V(sensor_id),
 #define IFAMBER(signal_id) OPCODE_IFAMBER,V(signal_id),
 #define IFCLOSED(turnout_id) OPCODE_IFCLOSED,V(turnout_id),
@@ -346,17 +506,29 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #endif
 #define IFRE(sensor_id,value) OPCODE_IFRE,V(sensor_id),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),
 #define INVERT_DIRECTION OPCODE_INVERT_DIRECTION,0,0,
+#define JMRI_SENSOR(vpin,count...)
 #define JOIN OPCODE_JOIN,0,0,
 #define KILLALL OPCODE_KILLALL,0,0,
 #define LATCH(sensor_id) OPCODE_LATCH,V(sensor_id),
+#define LCC(eventid) OPCODE_LCC,V(eventid),
+#define LCCX(sender,event) OPCODE_LCCX,V(event),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>32)&0xFFFF),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>16)&0xFFFF),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>0)&0xFFFF),  
 #define LCD(id,msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define SCREEN(display,id,msg) PRINT(msg)
+#define STEALTH(code...) PRINT(dummy)
 #define LCN(msg) PRINT(msg)
+#define MESSAGE(msg) PRINT(msg)
 #define MOVETT(id,steps,activity) OPCODE_SERVO,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(steps),OPCODE_PAD,V(EXTurntable::activity),OPCODE_PAD,V(0),
 #define ONACTIVATE(addr,subaddr) OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,V(addr<<2|subaddr),
 #define ONACTIVATEL(linear) OPCODE_ONACTIVATE,V(linear+3),
 #define ONAMBER(signal_id) OPCODE_ONAMBER,V(signal_id),
 #define ONCLOSE(turnout_id) OPCODE_ONCLOSE,V(turnout_id),
+#define ONLCC(sender,event) OPCODE_ONLCC,V(event),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>32)&0xFFFF),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>16)&0xFFFF),\
+        OPCODE_PAD,V((((uint64_t)sender)>>0)&0xFFFF),        
 #define ONTIME(value) OPCODE_ONTIME,V(value),  
 #define ONCLOCKTIME(hours,mins) OPCODE_ONTIME,V((STRIP_ZERO(hours)*60)+STRIP_ZERO(mins)),
 #define ONCLOCKMINS(mins) ONCLOCKTIME(25,mins)
@@ -371,6 +543,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define ONTHROW(turnout_id) OPCODE_ONTHROW,V(turnout_id),
 #define ONCHANGE(sensor_id) OPCODE_ONCHANGE,V(sensor_id),
 #define PAUSE OPCODE_PAUSE,0,0,
+#define PICKUP_STASH(id) OPCODE_PICKUP_STASH,V(id),
 #define PIN_TURNOUT(id,pin,description...) OPCODE_PINTURNOUT,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(pin),
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
 #define POM(cv,value) OPCODE_POM,V(cv),OPCODE_PAD,V(value),
@@ -392,6 +565,11 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define ROTATE_DCC(id,position) OPCODE_ROTATE,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(position),OPCODE_PAD,V(0),
 #endif
 #define ROUTE(id, description)  OPCODE_ROUTE, V(id), 
+#define ROUTE_ACTIVE(id)  OPCODE_ROUTE_ACTIVE,V(id),
+#define ROUTE_INACTIVE(id)  OPCODE_ROUTE_INACTIVE,V(id),
+#define ROUTE_HIDDEN(id)  OPCODE_ROUTE_HIDDEN,V(id),
+#define ROUTE_DISABLED(id)  OPCODE_ROUTE_DISABLED,V(id),
+#define ROUTE_CAPTION(id,caption) PRINT(caption)
 #define SENDLOCO(cab,route) OPCODE_SENDLOCO,V(cab),OPCODE_PAD,V(route),
 #define SEQUENCE(id)  OPCODE_SEQUENCE, V(id), 
 #define SERIAL(msg) PRINT(msg)
@@ -407,11 +585,14 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 #define SERVO_TURNOUT(id,pin,activeAngle,inactiveAngle,profile,description...) OPCODE_SERVOTURNOUT,V(id),OPCODE_PAD,V(pin),OPCODE_PAD,V(activeAngle),OPCODE_PAD,V(inactiveAngle),OPCODE_PAD,V(PCA9685::ProfileType::profile),
 #define SET(pin) OPCODE_SET,V(pin),
 #define SET_TRACK(track,mode)  OPCODE_SET_TRACK,V(TRACK_MODE_##mode  <<8 | TRACK_NUMBER_##track),
+#define SET_POWER(track,onoff) OPCODE_SET_POWER,V(TRACK_POWER_##onoff),OPCODE_PAD, V(TRACK_NUMBER_##track),
 #define SETLOCO(loco) OPCODE_SETLOCO,V(loco),
+#define SETFREQ(loco,freq) OPCODE_SETLOCO,V(loco), OPCODE_SETFREQ,V(freq),
 #define SIGNAL(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SIGNALH(redpin,amberpin,greenpin) 
 #define SPEED(speed) OPCODE_SPEED,V(speed),
-#define START(route) OPCODE_START,V(route),
+#define START(route) OPCODE_START,V(route), 
+#define STASH(id) OPCODE_STASH,V(id), 
 #define STOP OPCODE_SPEED,V(0), 
 #define THROW(id)  OPCODE_THROW,V(id),
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
@@ -433,7 +614,7 @@ const  HIGHFLASH  int16_t RMFT2::SignalDefinitions[] = {
 
 // Build RouteCode
 const int StringMacroTracker2=__COUNTER__;
-const  HIGHFLASH  byte RMFT2::RouteCode[] = {
+const  HIGHFLASH3  byte RMFT2::RouteCode[] = {
     #include "myAutomation.h"
     OPCODE_ENDTASK,0,0,OPCODE_ENDEXRAIL,0,0 };
 

EthernetInterface.cpp

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ void EthernetInterface::setup()
 };
 
 
+#ifdef IP_ADDRESS
+static IPAddress myIP(IP_ADDRESS);
+#endif
+
 /**
  * @brief Aquire IP Address from DHCP and start server
  * 
@@ -59,15 +63,15 @@ EthernetInterface::EthernetInterface()
     DCCTimer::getSimulatedMacAddress(mac);
     connected=false;
    
-    #ifdef IP_ADDRESS
-    Ethernet.begin(mac, IP_ADDRESS);
-    #else
+#ifdef IP_ADDRESS
+    Ethernet.begin(mac, myIP);
+#else
     if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0)
     {
         DIAG(F("Ethernet.begin FAILED"));
         return;
     } 
-    #endif
+#endif
     if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
       DIAG(F("Ethernet shield not found or W5100"));
     }
@@ -136,7 +140,7 @@ bool EthernetInterface::checkLink() {
       DIAG(F("Ethernet cable connected"));
       connected=true;
       #ifdef IP_ADDRESS
-      Ethernet.setLocalIP(IP_ADDRESS);      // for static IP, set it again
+      Ethernet.setLocalIP(myIP);      // for static IP, set it again
       #endif
       IPAddress ip = Ethernet.localIP();    // look what IP was obtained (dynamic or static)
       server = new EthernetServer(IP_PORT); // Ethernet Server listening on default port IP_PORT

FSH.h

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ typedef __FlashStringHelper FSH;
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
 // AVR_MEGA memory deliberately placed at end of link may need _far functions
 #define HIGHFLASH __attribute__((section(".fini2")))
+#define HIGHFLASH3 __attribute__((section(".fini3")))
 #define GETFARPTR(data) pgm_get_far_address(data)
 #define GETHIGHFLASH(data,offset) pgm_read_byte_far(GETFARPTR(data)+offset)
 #define GETHIGHFLASHW(data,offset) pgm_read_word_far(GETFARPTR(data)+offset)
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ typedef __FlashStringHelper FSH;
 // AVR_UNO/NANO runtime does not support _far functions so just use _near equivalent
 // as there is no progmem above 32kb anyway.
 #define HIGHFLASH PROGMEM
+#define HIGHFLASH3 PROGMEM
 #define GETFARPTR(data) ((uint32_t)(data))
 #define GETHIGHFLASH(data,offset) pgm_read_byte_near(GETFARPTR(data)+(offset))
 #define GETHIGHFLASHW(data,offset) pgm_read_word_near(GETFARPTR(data)+(offset))
@@ -80,6 +82,7 @@ typedef __FlashStringHelper FSH;
 typedef char FSH; 
 #define FLASH
 #define HIGHFLASH
+#define HIGHFLASH3
 #define GETFARPTR(data) ((uint32_t)(data))
 #define GETFLASH(addr) (*(const byte *)(addr))
 #define GETHIGHFLASH(data,offset)  (*(const byte *)(GETFARPTR(data)+offset))

GITHUB_SHA.h

@@ -1 +1 @@
-#define GITHUB_SHA "devel-202309241855Z"
+#define GITHUB_SHA "devel-202403182018Z"

I2CManager.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ static const FSH * guessI2CDeviceType(uint8_t address) {
     return F("Time-of-flight sensor");
   else if (address >= 0x3c && address <= 0x3d)
     return F("OLED Display");
+  else if (address >= 0x48 && address <= 0x57) // SC16IS752x UART detection
+    return F("SC16IS75x UART");
   else if (address >= 0x48 && address <= 0x4f)
     return F("Analogue Inputs or PWM");
   else if (address >= 0x40 && address <= 0x4f)
@@ -363,4 +365,4 @@ void I2CAddress::toHex(const uint8_t value, char *buffer) {
 
 /* static */ bool I2CAddress::_addressWarningDone = false;
 
-#endif
+#endif

I2CManager_STM32.h

@@ -110,42 +110,52 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_setClock(uint32_t i2cClockSpeed) {
   // Calculate a rise time appropriate to the requested bus speed
   // Use 10x the rise time spec to enable integer divide of 50ns clock period
   uint16_t t_rise;
-  uint32_t ccr_freq;
 
   while (s->CR1 & I2C_CR1_STOP);  // Prevents lockup by guarding further
                                   // writes to CR1 while STOP is being executed!
 
   // Disable the I2C device, as TRISE can only be programmed whilst disabled
   s->CR1 &= ~(I2C_CR1_PE);  // Disable I2C
+  s->CR1 |= I2C_CR1_SWRST;  // reset the I2C
+  asm("nop");    // wait a bit... suggestion from online!
+  s->CR1 &= ~(I2C_CR1_SWRST); // Normal operation
 
-  if (i2cClockSpeed > 100000L)
+  if (i2cClockSpeed > 100000UL)
   {
-    if (i2cClockSpeed > 400000L)
-      i2cClockSpeed = 400000L;
+    // if (i2cClockSpeed > 400000L)
+    //   i2cClockSpeed = 400000L;
 
     t_rise = 300;  // nanoseconds
   }
   else
   {
-    i2cClockSpeed = 100000L;
+    // i2cClockSpeed = 100000L;
     t_rise = 1000;  // nanoseconds
   }
-  // Configure the rise time register
-  s->TRISE = (t_rise / (1000 / i2c_MHz)) + 1;
+  // Configure the rise time register - max allowed tRISE is 1000ns,
+  // so value = 1000ns * I2C_PERIPH_CLK MHz / 1000 + 1.
+  s->TRISE = (t_rise * i2c_MHz / 1000) + 1;
 
   // Bit 15: I2C Master mode, 0=standard, 1=Fast Mode
   // Bit 14: Duty, fast mode duty cycle (use 2:1)
   // Bit 11-0: FREQR
-  if (i2cClockSpeed > 100000L) {
-    // In fast mode, I2C period is 3 * CCR * TPCLK1.
-    //APB1clk1 / 3 / i2cClockSpeed = 38, but that results in 306KHz not 400! 
-    ccr_freq = 30;     // So 30 gives 396KHz or so!
-    s->CCR = (uint16_t)(ccr_freq | 0x8000); // We need Fast Mode set
-  } else {
-    // In standard mode, I2C period is 2 * CCR * TPCLK1
-    ccr_freq = (APB1clk1 / 2 / i2cClockSpeed); // Should be 225 for 45Mhz APB1 clock
-    s->CCR |= (uint16_t)ccr_freq;
-  }
+  // if (i2cClockSpeed > 400000UL) {
+  //   // In fast mode plus, I2C period is 3 * CCR * TPCLK1.
+  //   // s->CCR &= ~(0x3000); // Clear all bits except 12 and 13 which must remain per reset value
+  //   s->CCR = APB1clk1 / 3 / i2cClockSpeed; // Set I2C clockspeed to start!
+  //   s->CCR |= 0xC000; // We need Fast Mode AND DUTY bits set
+  // } else {
+    // In standard and fast mode, I2C period is 2 * CCR * TPCLK1
+    s->CCR &= ~(0x3000); // Clear all bits except 12 and 13 which must remain per reset value
+    s->CCR |= (APB1clk1 / 2 / i2cClockSpeed); // Set I2C clockspeed to start!
+    // s->CCR |= (i2c_MHz * 500 / (i2cClockSpeed / 1000)); // Set I2C clockspeed to start!
+    // if (i2cClockSpeed > 100000UL)
+    //     s->CCR |= 0xC000; // We need Fast Mode bits set as well
+  // }
+
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral clock is now: %d, full reg is %x"), (s->CR2 & 0xFF), s->CR2);
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral CCR is now: %d"), s->CCR);
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral TRISE is now: %d"), s->TRISE);
 
   // Enable the I2C master mode
   s->CR1 |= I2C_CR1_PE;  // Enable I2C
@@ -159,6 +169,7 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_init()
   // Query the clockspeed from the STM32 HAL layer
   APB1clk1 = HAL_RCC_GetPCLK1Freq();
   i2c_MHz = APB1clk1 / 1000000UL;
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral clock speed is: %d"), i2c_MHz);
   // Enable clocks
   RCC->APB1ENR |= RCC_APB1ENR_I2C1EN;//(1 << 21); // Enable I2C CLOCK
   // Reset the I2C1 peripheral to initial state
@@ -181,6 +192,7 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_init()
   GPIOB->AFR[1] |= (4<<0) | (4<<4);           // PB8 on low nibble, PB9 on next nibble up
 
   // Software reset the I2C peripheral
+  I2C1->CR1 &= ~I2C_CR1_PE; // Disable I2C1 peripheral
   s->CR1 |= I2C_CR1_SWRST;  // reset the I2C
   asm("nop");    // wait a bit... suggestion from online!
   s->CR1 &= ~(I2C_CR1_SWRST); // Normal operation
@@ -191,6 +203,7 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_init()
   // Set I2C peripheral clock frequency
   // s->CR2 |= I2C_PERIPH_CLK;
   s->CR2 |= i2c_MHz;
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral clock is now: %d"), s->CR2);
 
   // set own address to 00 - not used in master mode
   I2C1->OAR1 = (1 << 14); // bit 14 should be kept at 1 according to the datasheet
@@ -214,6 +227,7 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_init()
   s->CR2 |= (I2C_CR2_ITBUFEN | I2C_CR2_ITEVTEN | I2C_CR2_ITERREN);   // Enable Buffer, Event and Error interrupts
 #endif
 
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() setting initial I2C clock to 100KHz"));
   // Calculate baudrate and set default rate for now
   // Configure the Clock Control Register for 100KHz SCL frequency
   // Bit 15: I2C Master mode, 0=standard, 1=Fast Mode
@@ -221,12 +235,14 @@ void I2CManagerClass::I2C_init()
   // Bit 11-0: so CCR divisor would be clk / 2 / 100000 (where clk is in Hz)
   // s->CCR = I2C_PERIPH_CLK * 5;
   s->CCR &= ~(0x3000); // Clear all bits except 12 and 13 which must remain per reset value
-  s->CCR |= (APB1clk1 / 2 / 100000UL); // i2c_MHz * 5;
-  // s->CCR = i2c_MHz * 5;
+  s->CCR |= (APB1clk1 / 2 / 100000UL); // Set a default of 100KHz I2C clockspeed to start!
 
   // Configure the rise time register - max allowed is 1000ns, so value = 1000ns * I2C_PERIPH_CLK MHz / 1000 + 1.
-  // s->TRISE = I2C_PERIPH_CLK + 1;    // 1000 ns / 50 ns = 20 + 1 = 21
-  s->TRISE = i2c_MHz + 1;
+  s->TRISE = (1000 * i2c_MHz / 1000) + 1;
+
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral clock is now: %d, full reg is %x"), (s->CR2 & 0xFF), s->CR2);
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral CCR is now: %d"), s->CCR);
+  // DIAG(F("I2C_init() peripheral TRISE is now: %d"), s->TRISE);
 
   // Enable the I2C master mode
   s->CR1 |= I2C_CR1_PE;  // Enable I2C

IODevice.cpp

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 // Link to halSetup function.  If not defined, the function reference will be NULL.
 extern __attribute__((weak)) void halSetup();
-extern __attribute__((weak)) void exrailHalSetup();
+extern __attribute__((weak)) bool exrailHalSetup();
 
 //==================================================================================================================
 // Static methods
@@ -60,34 +60,31 @@ void IODevice::begin() {
     halSetup();
 
   // include any HAL devices defined in exrail. 
+  bool ignoreDefaults=false;
   if (exrailHalSetup)
-    exrailHalSetup();
-
+    ignoreDefaults=exrailHalSetup();
+  if (ignoreDefaults) return;
+  
   // Predefine two PCA9685 modules 0x40-0x41 if no conflicts
   // Allocates 32 pins 100-131
-  if (checkNoOverlap(100, 16, 0x40)) {
+  const bool silent=true; // no message if these conflict
+  if (checkNoOverlap(100, 16, 0x40, silent)) {
     PCA9685::create(100, 16, 0x40);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default PCA9685 at I2C 0x40 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
-  if (checkNoOverlap(116, 16, 0x41)) {
+  } 
+
+  if (checkNoOverlap(116, 16, 0x41, silent)) {
     PCA9685::create(116, 16, 0x41);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default PCA9685 at I2C 0x41 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
+  } 
   
   // Predefine two MCP23017 module 0x20/0x21 if no conflicts
   // Allocates 32 pins 164-195
-  if (checkNoOverlap(164, 16, 0x20)) {
+  if (checkNoOverlap(164, 16, 0x20, silent)) {
     MCP23017::create(164, 16, 0x20);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default MCP23017 at I2C 0x20 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
-  if (checkNoOverlap(180, 16, 0x21)) {
+  } 
+
+  if (checkNoOverlap(180, 16, 0x21, silent)) {
     MCP23017::create(180, 16, 0x21);
-  } else {
-    DIAG(F("Default MCP23017 at I2C 0x21 disabled due to configured user device"));
-  }
+  } 
 }
 
 // reset() function to reinitialise all devices
@@ -339,7 +336,10 @@ IODevice *IODevice::findDeviceFollowing(VPIN vpin) {
 // returns true if pins DONT overlap with existing device
 // TODO: Move the I2C address reservation and checks into the I2CManager code.
 // That will enable non-HAL devices to reserve I2C addresses too.
-bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress) {
+// Silent is used by the default setup so that there is no message if the default 
+// device has already been handled by the user setup.
+bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, 
+      I2CAddress i2cAddress, bool silent) {
 #ifdef DIAG_IO
   DIAG(F("Check no overlap %u %u %s"), firstPin,nPins,i2cAddress.toString());
 #endif
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ bool IODevice::checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddres
       VPIN lastDevPin=firstDevPin+dev->_nPins-1;
       bool noOverlap= firstPin>lastDevPin || lastPin<firstDevPin;
       if (!noOverlap) {
-          DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap, redefinition of Vpins %u to %u ignored."),
+          if (!silent) DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap, redefinition of Vpins %u to %u ignored."),
               firstPin, lastPin);
           return false;
       } 
     }
     // Check for overlapping I2C address
     if (i2cAddress && dev->_I2CAddress==i2cAddress) {
-      DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap. i2c Addr %s ignored."),i2cAddress.toString());
+      if (!silent) DIAG(F("WARNING HAL Overlap. i2c Addr %s ignored."),i2cAddress.toString());
       return false;
     } 
   }

IODevice.h

@@ -166,7 +166,8 @@ public:
   void setGPIOInterruptPin(int16_t pinNumber);
 
   // Method to check if pins will overlap before creating new device. 
-  static bool checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins=1, I2CAddress i2cAddress=0);
+  static bool checkNoOverlap(VPIN firstPin, uint8_t nPins=1, 
+                  I2CAddress i2cAddress=0, bool silent=false);
 
   // Method used by IODevice filters to locate slave pins that may be overlayed by their own
   // pin range.  
@@ -542,8 +543,10 @@ protected:
 #include "IO_MCP23017.h"
 #include "IO_PCF8574.h"
 #include "IO_PCF8575.h"
+#include "IO_PCA9555.h"
 #include "IO_duinoNodes.h"
 #include "IO_EXIOExpander.h"
+#include "IO_trainbrains.h"
 
 
 #endif // iodevice_h

IO_EXIOExpander.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022, Peter Cole. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2024, Harald Barth. All rights reserved.
  *
  *  This file is part of EX-CommandStation
  *
@@ -22,13 +23,10 @@
 * This device driver will configure the device on startup, along with
 * interacting with the device for all input/output duties.
 *
-* To create EX-IOExpander devices, these are defined in myHal.cpp:
+* To create EX-IOExpander devices, these are defined in myAutomation.h:
 * (Note the device driver is included by default)
 *
-* void halSetup() {
-*   // EXIOExpander::create(vpin, num_vpins, i2c_address);
-*   EXIOExpander::create(800, 18, 0x65);
-* }
+* HAL(EXIOExpander,800,18,0x65)
 * 
 * All pins on an EX-IOExpander device are allocated according to the pin map for the specific
 * device in use. There is no way for the device driver to sanity check pins are used for the
@@ -98,25 +96,45 @@ private:
           _numAnaloguePins = receiveBuffer[2];
 
           // See if we already have suitable buffers assigned
-          size_t digitalBytesNeeded = (_numDigitalPins + 7) / 8;
-          if (_digitalPinBytes < digitalBytesNeeded) {
-            // Not enough space, free any existing buffer and allocate a new one
-            if (_digitalPinBytes > 0) free(_digitalInputStates);
-            _digitalInputStates = (byte*) calloc(_digitalPinBytes, 1);
-            _digitalPinBytes = digitalBytesNeeded;
-          }
-          size_t analogueBytesNeeded = _numAnaloguePins * 2;
-          if (_analoguePinBytes < analogueBytesNeeded) {
-            // Free any existing buffers and allocate new ones.
-            if (_analoguePinBytes > 0) {
-              free(_analogueInputBuffer);
-              free(_analogueInputStates);
-              free(_analoguePinMap);
+          if (_numDigitalPins>0) {
+            size_t digitalBytesNeeded = (_numDigitalPins + 7) / 8;
+            if (_digitalPinBytes < digitalBytesNeeded) {
+              // Not enough space, free any existing buffer and allocate a new one
+              if (_digitalPinBytes > 0) free(_digitalInputStates);
+              if ((_digitalInputStates = (byte*) calloc(digitalBytesNeeded, 1)) != NULL) {
+                _digitalPinBytes = digitalBytesNeeded;
+              } else {
+                DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander I2C:%s ERROR alloc %d bytes"), _I2CAddress.toString(), digitalBytesNeeded);
+                _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+                _digitalPinBytes = 0;
+                return;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          
+          if (_numAnaloguePins>0) {
+            size_t analogueBytesNeeded = _numAnaloguePins * 2;
+            if (_analoguePinBytes < analogueBytesNeeded) {
+              // Free any existing buffers and allocate new ones.
+              if (_analoguePinBytes > 0) {
+                free(_analogueInputBuffer);
+                free(_analogueInputStates);
+                free(_analoguePinMap);
+              }
+              _analogueInputStates = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
+              _analogueInputBuffer = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
+              _analoguePinMap = (uint8_t*) calloc(_numAnaloguePins, 1);
+	      if (_analogueInputStates  != NULL &&
+		  _analogueInputBuffer != NULL &&
+		  _analoguePinMap != NULL) {
+		_analoguePinBytes = analogueBytesNeeded;
+	      } else {
+		DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander I2C:%s ERROR alloc analog pin bytes"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+		_deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+		_analoguePinBytes = 0;
+		return;
+	      }
             }
-            _analogueInputStates = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
-            _analogueInputBuffer = (uint8_t*) calloc(analogueBytesNeeded, 1);
-            _analoguePinMap = (uint8_t*) calloc(_numAnaloguePins, 1);
-            _analoguePinBytes = analogueBytesNeeded;
           }
         } else {
           DIAG(F("EX-IOExpander I2C:%s ERROR configuring device"), _I2CAddress.toString());
@@ -124,8 +142,8 @@ private:
           return;
         }
       } 
-      // We now need to retrieve the analogue pin map
-      if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK) {
+      // We now need to retrieve the analogue pin map if there are analogue pins
+      if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK && _numAnaloguePins>0) {
         commandBuffer[0] = EXIOINITA;
         status = I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _analoguePinMap, _numAnaloguePins, commandBuffer, 1);
       }
@@ -239,7 +257,7 @@ private:
 
     // If we're not doing anything now, check to see if a new input transfer is due.
     if (_readState == RDS_IDLE) {
-      if (currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh) { // Delay for digital read refresh
+      if (_numDigitalPins>0 && currentMicros - _lastDigitalRead > _digitalRefresh) { // Delay for digital read refresh
         // Issue new read request for digital states.  As the request is non-blocking, the buffer has to
         // be allocated from heap (object state).
         _readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDD;
@@ -247,7 +265,7 @@ private:
                                                                 // non-blocking read
         _lastDigitalRead = currentMicros;
         _readState = RDS_DIGITAL;
-      } else if (currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
+      } else if (_numAnaloguePins>0 && currentMicros - _lastAnalogueRead > _analogueRefresh) { // Delay for analogue read refresh
         // Issue new read for analogue input states
         _readCommandBuffer[0] = EXIORDAN;
         I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _analogueInputBuffer,
@@ -362,14 +380,14 @@ private:
   uint8_t _minorVer = 0;
   uint8_t _patchVer = 0;
 
-  uint8_t* _digitalInputStates;
-  uint8_t* _analogueInputStates;
-  uint8_t* _analogueInputBuffer;  // buffer for I2C input transfers
+  uint8_t* _digitalInputStates  = NULL;
+  uint8_t* _analogueInputStates = NULL;
+  uint8_t* _analogueInputBuffer = NULL;  // buffer for I2C input transfers
   uint8_t _readCommandBuffer[1];
 
-  uint8_t _digitalPinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
-  uint8_t _analoguePinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffers (may be longer than needed)
-  uint8_t* _analoguePinMap;
+  uint8_t _digitalPinBytes = 0;   // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
+  uint8_t _analoguePinBytes = 0;  // Size of allocated memory buffer (may be longer than needed)
+  uint8_t* _analoguePinMap = NULL;
   I2CRB _i2crb;
 
   enum {RDS_IDLE, RDS_DIGITAL, RDS_ANALOGUE};  // Read operation states

IO_EXTurntable.cpp

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ void EXTurntable::_loop(unsigned long currentMicros) {
 // Read returns status as obtained in our loop.
 // Return false if our status value is invalid.
 int EXTurntable::_read(VPIN vpin) {
+  (void)vpin; // surpress warning
   if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return 0;
   if (_stepperStatus > 1) {
     return false;
@@ -127,6 +128,8 @@ void EXTurntable::_writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t activity, uint16_
     vpin, value, activity, duration);
   DIAG(F("I2CManager write I2C Address:%d stepsMSB:%d stepsLSB:%d activity:%d"),
     _I2CAddress.toString(), stepsMSB, stepsLSB, activity);
+#else
+  (void)duration;
 #endif
   if (activity < 4) _stepperStatus = 1;     // Tell the device driver Turntable-EX is busy
   _previousStatus = _stepperStatus;

IO_I2CDFPlayer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,805 @@
+   /*
+ *  © 2023, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of DCC++EX API
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * DFPlayer is an MP3 player module with an SD card holder.  It also has an integrated
+ * amplifier, so it only needs a power supply and a speaker.
+ * This driver is a modified version of the IO_DFPlayer.h file
+ * *********************************************************************************************
+ * 
+ * Dec 2023, Added NXP SC16IS752 I2C Dual UART to enable the DFPlayer connection over the I2C bus
+ * The SC16IS752 has 64 bytes TX & RX FIFO buffer
+ * First version without interrupts from I2C UART and only RX/TX are used, interrupts may not be
+ * needed as the RX Fifo holds the reply 
+ * 
+ * Jan 2024, Issue with using both UARTs simultaniously, the secod uart seems to work  but the first transmit 
+ * corrupt data. This need more analysis and experimenatation. 
+ * Will push this driver to the dev branch with the uart fixed to 0 
+ * Both SC16IS750 (single uart) and SC16IS752 (dual uart, but only uart 0 is enable)
+ * 
+ * myHall.cpp configuration syntax:
+ * 
+ * I2CDFPlayer::create(1st vPin, vPins, I2C address, xtal);
+ * 
+ * Parameters:
+ * 1st vPin     : First virtual pin that EX-Rail can control to play a sound, use PLAYSOUND command (alias of ANOUT)
+ * vPins        : Total number of virtual pins allocated (2 vPins are supported, one for each UART)
+ *                1st vPin for UART 0, 2nd for UART 1
+ * I2C Address  : I2C address of the serial controller, in 0x format
+ * xtal         : 0 for 1,8432Mhz, 1 for 14,7456Mhz
+ * 
+ * The vPin is also a pin that can be read, it indicate if the DFPlayer has finished playing a track
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifndef IO_I2CDFPlayer_h
+#define IO_I2CDFPlayer_h
+
+#include "IODevice.h"
+#include "I2CManager.h"
+#include "DIAG.h"
+
+// Debug and diagnostic defines, enable too many will result in slowing the driver
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+//#define DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+
+class I2CDFPlayer : public IODevice {
+private: 
+  const uint8_t MAXVOLUME=30;
+  uint8_t RETRYCOUNT = 0x03;
+  bool _playing = false;
+  uint8_t _inputIndex = 0;
+  unsigned long _commandSendTime; // Time (us) that last transmit took place.
+  unsigned long _timeoutTime;
+  uint8_t _recvCMD;  // Last received command code byte
+  bool _awaitingResponse = false;  
+  uint8_t _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT; // Max retries before timing out
+  uint8_t _requestedVolumeLevel = MAXVOLUME;
+  uint8_t _currentVolume = MAXVOLUME;
+  int _requestedSong = -1;  // -1=none, 0=stop, >0=file number
+  bool _repeat = false; // audio file is repeat playing
+  uint8_t _previousCmd = true;
+  // SC16IS752 defines
+  I2CAddress _I2CAddress;
+  I2CRB _rb;
+  uint8_t _UART_CH=0x00;  // Fix uart ch to 0 for now
+  // Communication parameters for the DFPlayer are fixed at 8 bit, No parity, 1 stopbit
+  uint8_t WORD_LEN = 0x03;    // Value LCR bit 0,1
+  uint8_t STOP_BIT = 0x00;    // Value LCR bit 2 
+  uint8_t PARITY_ENA = 0x00;  // Value LCR bit 3
+  uint8_t PARITY_TYPE = 0x00; // Value LCR bit 4
+  uint32_t BAUD_RATE = 9600;
+  uint8_t PRESCALER = 0x01;   // Value MCR bit 7
+  uint8_t TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00;
+  uint8_t FIFO_RX_LEVEL = 0x00;
+  uint8_t RX_BUFFER = 0x00; // nr of bytes copied into _inbuffer
+  uint8_t FIFO_TX_LEVEL = 0x00;  
+  bool _playCmd = false;
+  bool _volCmd = false;
+  bool _folderCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _requestedFolder = 0x01; // default to folder 01
+  uint8_t _currentFolder = 0x01; // default to folder 01
+  bool _repeatCmd = false;
+  bool _stopplayCmd = false;
+  bool _resetCmd = false;
+  bool _eqCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _requestedEQValue = DF_NORMAL;
+  uint8_t _currentEQvalue = DF_NORMAL; // start equalizer value
+  bool _daconCmd = false;
+  uint8_t _audioMixer = 0x01; // Default to output amplifier 1
+  bool _setamCmd = false; // Set the Audio mixer channel
+  uint8_t _outbuffer [11]; // DFPlayer command is 10 bytes + 1 byte register address & UART channel
+  uint8_t _inbuffer[10]; // expected DFPlayer return 10 bytes
+   
+  unsigned long _sc16is752_xtal_freq;
+  unsigned long SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_LOW = 1843200; // To support cheap eBay/AliExpress SC16IS752 boards
+  unsigned long SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_HIGH = 14745600; // Support for higher baud rates, standard for modular EX-IO system
+   
+public:
+  // Constructor
+   I2CDFPlayer(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress, uint8_t xtal){
+    _firstVpin = firstVpin;
+    _nPins = nPins;
+    _I2CAddress = i2cAddress;
+    if (xtal == 0){
+      _sc16is752_xtal_freq = SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_LOW;
+    } else { // should be 1
+        _sc16is752_xtal_freq = SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ_HIGH;
+      }
+    addDevice(this);
+   } 
+  
+public:
+  static void create(VPIN firstVpin, int nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress, uint8_t xtal) {
+    if (checkNoOverlap(firstVpin, nPins, i2cAddress)) new I2CDFPlayer(firstVpin, nPins, i2cAddress, xtal); 
+    }
+
+  void _begin() override {
+    // check if SC16IS752 exist first, initialize and then resume DFPlayer init via SC16IS752
+    I2CManager.begin();
+    I2CManager.setClock(1000000);
+    if (I2CManager.exists(_I2CAddress)){
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART detected"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+      Init_SC16IS752(); // Initialize UART
+      if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED){
+        DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART initialization failed"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+        }
+      } else {
+         DIAG(F("SC16IS752 I2C:%s UART not detected"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+        }
+      #if defined(DIAG_IO)
+      _display();
+      #endif
+      // Now init DFPlayer
+      // Send a query to the device to see if it responds
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_INITIALISING; 
+      sendPacket(0x42,0,0);
+      _timeoutTime = micros() + 5000000UL;  // 5 second timeout      
+      _awaitingResponse = true; 
+     }
+  
+  
+  void _loop(unsigned long currentMicros) override {
+    // Read responses from device
+    uint8_t status = _rb.status;
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_PENDING) return;  // Busy, so don't do anything
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK) { 
+      processIncoming(currentMicros);
+          // Check if a command sent to device has timed out.  Allow 0.5 second for response
+          // added retry counter, sometimes we do not sent keep alive due to other commands sent to DFPlayer
+      if (_awaitingResponse && (int32_t)(currentMicros - _timeoutTime) > 0) { // timeout triggered
+        if(_retryCounter == 0){ // retry counter out of luck, must take the device to failed state     
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer:%s, DFPlayer not responding on UART channel: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+          _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+          _awaitingResponse = false;
+          _playing = false;
+          _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT;
+        } else { // timeout and retry protection and recovery of corrupt data frames from DFPlayer
+            #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, DFPlayer timout, retry counter: %d on UART channel: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _retryCounter, _UART_CH);
+            #endif
+            _timeoutTime = currentMicros + 5000000UL;  // Timeout if no response within 5 seconds// reset timeout
+            _awaitingResponse = false; // trigger sending a keep alive 0x42 in processOutgoing()
+            _retryCounter --; // decrement retry counter                        
+            resetRX_fifo(); // reset the RX fifo as it has corrupt data            
+          }
+      }      
+    }
+
+    status = _rb.status;
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_PENDING) return;  // Busy, try next time
+    if (status == I2C_STATUS_OK) {
+     // Send any commands that need to go.
+      processOutgoing(currentMicros);
+     }
+    delayUntil(currentMicros + 10000); // Only enter every 10ms    
+  }
+
+ 
+  // Check for incoming data, and update busy flag and other state accordingly
+ 
+  void processIncoming(unsigned long currentMicros) {
+    // Expected message is in the form "7E FF 06 3D xx xx xx xx xx EF"
+    RX_fifo_lvl();
+    if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL >= 10) {      
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+        DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s Retrieving data from RX Fifo on UART_CH: 0x%x FIFO_RX_LEVEL: %d"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, FIFO_RX_LEVEL); 
+      #endif
+      _outbuffer[0] = REG_RHR << 3 | _UART_CH << 1;
+      // Only copy 10 bytes from RX FIFO, there maybe additional partial return data after a track is finished playing in the RX FIFO
+      I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _inbuffer, 10, _outbuffer, 1); // inbuffer[] has the data now
+      //delayUntil(currentMicros + 10000); // Allow time to get the data
+      RX_BUFFER = 10; // We have copied 10 bytes from RX FIFO to _inbuffer
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+          DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, RX FIFO Data"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+          for (int i = 0; i < sizeof _inbuffer; i++){
+            DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Data _inbuffer[0x%x]: 0x%x"), i, _inbuffer[i]);  
+          }
+        #endif       
+    } else {
+        FIFO_RX_LEVEL = 0; //set to 0, we'll read a fresh FIFO_RX_LEVEL next time
+        return; // No data or not enough data in rx fifo, check again next time around
+      }
+
+    
+    bool ok = false;
+    //DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: RX_BUFFER: %d"), RX_BUFFER);
+    while (RX_BUFFER != 0) {
+      int c = _inbuffer[_inputIndex]; // Start at 0, increment to FIFO_RX_LEVEL
+      switch (_inputIndex) {
+        case 0:
+          if (c == 0x7E) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 1:
+          if (c == 0xFF) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 2:
+          if (c== 0x06) ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 3:
+          _recvCMD = c; // CMD byte
+          ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 6:
+          switch (_recvCMD) {
+            //DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, _recvCMD: 0x%x _awaitingResponse: 0x0%x"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _recvCMD, _awaitingResponse);
+            case 0x42:
+              // Response to status query
+              _playing = (c != 0);              
+              // Mark the device online and cancel timeout
+              if (_deviceState==DEVSTATE_INITIALISING) {
+                _deviceState = DEVSTATE_NORMAL;
+                #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+                 DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: %s, UART_CH: 0x0%x, _deviceState: 0x0%x"),_I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, _deviceState);
+                #endif 
+                #ifdef DIAG_IO
+                _display();
+                #endif
+              }
+              _awaitingResponse = false;
+              break;
+            case 0x3d:            
+              // End of play
+              if (_playing) {
+                #ifdef DIAG_IO
+                  DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Finished"));
+                #endif
+                _playing = false;
+              }
+              break;
+            case 0x40:
+              // Error codes; 1: Module Busy
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Error %d returned from device"), c);
+              _playing = false;
+              break;
+          }
+          ok = true;
+          break;
+        case 4: case 5: case 7: case 8: 
+          ok = true;  // Skip over these bytes in message.
+          break;
+        case 9:
+          if (c==0xef) {
+            // Message finished
+            _retryCounter = RETRYCOUNT; // reset the retry counter as we have received a valid packet
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+      if (ok){
+        _inputIndex++;  // character as expected, so increment index
+        RX_BUFFER --; // Decrease FIFO_RX_LEVEL with each character read from _inbuffer[_inputIndex]
+      } else {
+        _inputIndex = 0;  // otherwise reset.
+        RX_BUFFER = 0;
+      }
+    }
+    RX_BUFFER = 0; //Set to 0, we'll read a new RX FIFO level again
+  }
+
+
+  // Send any commands that need to be sent
+  void processOutgoing(unsigned long currentMicros) {
+    // When two commands are sent in quick succession, the device will often fail to 
+    // execute one.  Testing has indicated that a delay of 100ms or more is required
+    // between successive commands to get reliable operation.
+    // If 100ms has elapsed since the last thing sent, then check if there's some output to do.
+    if (((int32_t)currentMicros - _commandSendTime) > 100000) {
+      if ( _resetCmd == true){
+          sendPacket(0x0C,0,0);
+          _resetCmd = false;          
+      } else if(_volCmd == true) { // do the volme before palying a track
+         if(_requestedVolumeLevel >= 0 && _requestedVolumeLevel <= 30){         
+         _currentVolume = _requestedVolumeLevel; // If _requestedVolumeLevel is out of range, sent _currentV1olume      
+         }
+         sendPacket(0x06, 0x00, _currentVolume);
+        _volCmd = false;
+      } else if (_playCmd == true) {
+        // Change song
+        if (_requestedSong != -1) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: _requestedVolumeLevel: %u, _requestedSong: %u, _currentFolder: %u _playCmd: 0x%x"), _requestedVolumeLevel, _requestedSong, _currentFolder, _playCmd);
+          #endif               
+          sendPacket(0x0F, _currentFolder, _requestedSong);  // audio file in folder          
+          _requestedSong = -1; 
+          _playCmd = false;
+        }           
+      } //else if (_requestedSong == 0) {
+        else if (_stopplayCmd == true) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Stop playing: _stopplayCmd: 0x%x"), _stopplayCmd);
+          #endif
+        sendPacket(0x16, 0x00, 0x00);  // Stop playing        
+        _requestedSong = -1;
+        _repeat = false; // reset repeat        
+        _stopplayCmd = false;
+        } else if (_folderCmd == true) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Folder: _folderCmd: 0x%x, _requestedFolder: %d"), _stopplayCmd, _requestedFolder);
+          #endif
+          if (_currentFolder != _requestedFolder){
+            _currentFolder = _requestedFolder;
+          }
+          _folderCmd = false;
+      } else if (_repeatCmd == true) {
+        if(_repeat == false) { // No repeat play currently
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Repeat: _repeatCmd: 0x%x, _requestedSong: %d, _repeat: 0x0%x"), _repeatCmd, _requestedSong, _repeat);
+          #endif 
+          sendPacket(0x08, 0x00, _requestedSong);  // repeat playing audio file in root folder          
+          _requestedSong = -1;
+          _repeat = true; 
+        }
+        _repeatCmd= false;      
+      } else if (_daconCmd == true) { // Always turn DAC on
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: DACON: _daconCmd: 0x%x"), _daconCmd);
+        #endif 
+        sendPacket(0x1A,0,0x00);
+        _daconCmd = false;
+      } else if (_eqCmd == true){ // Set Equalizer, values 0x00 - 0x05        
+        if (_currentEQvalue != _requestedEQValue){
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: EQ: _eqCmd: 0x%x, _currentEQvalue: 0x0%x, _requestedEQValue: 0x0%x"), _eqCmd, _currentEQvalue, _requestedEQValue);
+          #endif 
+          _currentEQvalue = _requestedEQValue;
+          sendPacket(0x07,0x00,_currentEQvalue);
+        }
+        _eqCmd = false;
+      } else if (_setamCmd == true){ // Set Audio mixer channel
+         setGPIO(); // Set the audio mixer channel
+         /*        
+          if (_audioMixer == 1){ // set to audio mixer 1       
+            if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+              TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+            } else { // must be UART 1
+              TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+              }
+           //_setamCmd = false;
+           //UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+          } else { // set to audio mixer 2
+              if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+                TEMP_REG_VAL &= (0x00 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to Low
+              } else { // must be UART 1
+                TEMP_REG_VAL &= (0x00 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to Low
+                }
+              //_setamCmd = false;
+              //UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+            }*/
+        _setamCmd = false;        
+      } else if ((int32_t)currentMicros - _commandSendTime > 1000000) {
+        // Poll device every second that other commands aren't being sent,
+        // to check if it's still connected and responding.
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Send keepalive") );
+          #endif
+        sendPacket(0x42,0,0); 
+        if (!_awaitingResponse) {
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+           DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Send keepalive, _awaitingResponse: 0x0%x"), _awaitingResponse );
+          #endif
+          _timeoutTime = currentMicros + 5000000UL;  // Timeout if no response within 5 seconds
+          _awaitingResponse = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }  
+  }
+
+
+  // Write to a vPin will do nothing
+  void _write(VPIN vpin, int value) override {
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;
+      #ifdef DIAG_IO
+        DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: Writing to any vPin not supported"));
+      #endif
+  }
+
+
+  // WriteAnalogue on first pin uses the nominated value as a file number to start playing, if file number > 0.
+  // Volume may be specified as second parameter to writeAnalogue.
+  // If value is zero, the player stops playing.  
+  // WriteAnalogue on second pin sets the output volume.
+  //
+  // WriteAnalogue to be done on first vpin
+  //
+  //void _writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t volume=0, uint16_t=0) override { 
+  void _writeAnalogue(VPIN vpin, int value, uint8_t volume=0, uint16_t cmd=0) override { 
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return;    
+    #ifdef DIAG_IO
+      DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: VPIN:%u FileNo:%d Volume:%d Command:0x%x"), vpin, value, volume, cmd);
+    #endif
+    uint8_t pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
+    if (pin == 0) { // Enhanced DFPlayer commands, do nothing if not vPin 0     
+     // Read command and value
+      switch (cmd){
+       //case NONE:
+       // DFPlayerCmd = cmd;
+       // break;
+       case DF_PLAY:
+        _playCmd = true;
+        _volCmd = true;        
+        _requestedSong = value;
+        _requestedVolumeLevel = volume; 
+        _playing = true;        
+        break;
+        case DF_VOL:
+          _volCmd = true;          
+          _requestedVolumeLevel = volume;
+        break;
+       case DF_FOLDER:
+        _folderCmd = true;
+        if (volume <= 0 || volume > 99){ // Range checking, valid values 1-99, else default to 1
+          _requestedFolder = 0x01; // if outside range, default to folder 01  
+        } else {
+          _requestedFolder = volume;
+        }        
+        break;
+       case DF_REPEATPLAY: // Need to check if _repeat == true, if so do nothing        
+        if (_repeat == false) {
+           #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+              DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WriteAnalog Repeat: _repeat: 0x0%x, value: %d _repeatCmd: 0x%x"), _repeat, value, _repeatCmd);
+           #endif
+          _repeatCmd = true;          
+          _requestedSong = value;
+          _requestedVolumeLevel = volume;
+          _playing = true;         
+        }
+        break;
+       case DF_STOPPLAY:
+        _stopplayCmd = true;        
+        break;
+       case DF_EQ:
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WriteAnalog EQ: cmd: 0x%x, EQ value: 0x%x"), cmd, volume);
+        #endif
+        _eqCmd = true;        
+        if (volume <= 0 || volume > 5) { // If out of range, default to NORMAL
+          _requestedEQValue = DF_NORMAL;            
+        } else { // Valid EQ parameter range
+          _requestedEQValue = volume;     
+          }
+        break;        
+       case DF_RESET:
+        _resetCmd = true;      
+        break; 
+       case DF_DACON: // Works, but without the DACOFF command limited value, except when not relying on DFPlayer default to turn the DAC on
+        #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+          DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WrtieAnalog DACON: cmd: 0x%x"), cmd);
+        #endif
+        _daconCmd = true;
+        break;
+        case DF_SETAM: // Set the audio mixer channel to 1 or 2
+          _setamCmd = true;
+          #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_playing
+            DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer: WrtieAnalog SETAM: cmd: 0x%x"), cmd);
+          #endif
+          if (volume <= 0 || volume > 2) { // If out of range, default to 1
+            _audioMixer = 1;            
+          } else { // Valid SETAM parameter in range
+              _audioMixer = volume; // _audioMixer valid values 1 or 2
+            }          
+        break;
+       default:
+        break;
+      }
+    }    
+  }
+
+  // A read on any pin indicates if the player is still playing.
+  int _read(VPIN vpin) override {
+    if (_deviceState == DEVSTATE_FAILED) return false;
+    uint8_t pin = vpin - _firstVpin;
+      if (pin == 0) { // Do nothing if not vPin 0
+        return _playing;
+      }
+    }
+
+  void _display() override {
+    DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer Configured on Vpins:%u-%u %S"), _firstVpin, _firstVpin+_nPins-1,
+      (_deviceState==DEVSTATE_FAILED) ? F("OFFLINE") : F(""));
+  }
+  
+private: 
+  // DFPlayer command frame
+  // 7E FF 06 0F 00 01 01 xx xx EF
+  // 0	  ->	7E is start code
+  // 1	  ->	FF is version
+  // 2	  ->	06 is length
+  // 3	  ->	0F is command
+  // 4	  ->	00 is no receive
+  // 5~6	->	01 01 is argument
+  // 7~8	->	checksum = 0 - ( FF+06+0F+00+01+01 )
+  // 9	  ->	EF is end code
+
+  void sendPacket(uint8_t command, uint8_t arg1 = 0, uint8_t arg2 = 0) {
+    FIFO_TX_LEVEL = 0; // Reset FIFO_TX_LEVEL    
+    uint8_t out[] = {
+        0x7E,
+        0xFF,
+        06,
+        command,
+        00,
+        //static_cast<uint8_t>(arg >> 8),
+        //static_cast<uint8_t>(arg & 0x00ff),
+        arg1,
+        arg2,
+        00,
+        00,
+        0xEF };
+
+    setChecksum(out);
+
+      // Prepend the DFPlayer command with REG address and UART Channel in _outbuffer
+      _outbuffer[0] = REG_THR << 3 | _UART_CH << 1; //TX FIFO and UART Channel      
+      for ( int i = 1; i < sizeof(out)+1 ; i++){
+        _outbuffer[i] = out[i-1];
+      }
+
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_data
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s Sent packet function"), _I2CAddress.toString());
+       for (int i = 0; i < sizeof _outbuffer; i++){
+        DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Data _outbuffer[0x%x]: 0x%x"), i, _outbuffer[i]);  
+       }
+      #endif
+      
+    TX_fifo_lvl();
+    if(FIFO_TX_LEVEL > 0){ //FIFO is empty
+      I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, sizeof(_outbuffer), &_rb);
+      //I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, sizeof(_outbuffer));
+      #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s data transmit complete on UART: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+      #endif
+    } else {
+      DIAG(F("I2CDFPlayer at: %s, TX FIFO not empty on UART: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED; // This should not happen      
+    }
+    _commandSendTime = micros();
+  }
+
+  uint16_t calcChecksum(uint8_t* packet)
+  {
+    uint16_t sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 1; i < 7; i++)
+    {
+      sum += packet[i];
+    }
+    return -sum;
+  }
+
+  void setChecksum(uint8_t* out)
+  {
+    uint16_t sum = calcChecksum(out);
+    out[7] = (sum >> 8);
+    out[8] = (sum & 0xff);
+  }
+
+  // SC16IS752 functions
+  // Initialise SC16IS752 only for this channel
+  // First a software reset
+  // Enable FIFO and clear TX & RX FIFO
+  // Need to set the following registers
+  // IOCONTROL set bit 1 and 2 to 0 indicating that they are GPIO
+  // IODIR set all bit to 1 indicating al are output
+  // IOSTATE set only bit 0 to 1 for UART 0, or only bit 1 for UART 1  // 
+  // LCR bit 7=0 divisor latch (clock division registers DLH & DLL, they store 16 bit divisor), 
+  //     WORD_LEN, STOP_BIT, PARITY_ENA and PARITY_TYPE
+  // MCR bit 7=0 clock divisor devide-by-1 clock input
+  // DLH most significant part of divisor
+  // DLL least significant part of divisor
+  //
+  // BAUD_RATE, WORD_LEN, STOP_BIT, PARITY_ENA and PARITY_TYPE have been defined and initialized
+  // 
+  void Init_SC16IS752(){ // Return value is in _deviceState
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Initialize I2C: %s , UART Ch: 0x%x"), _I2CAddress.toString(),  _UART_CH);      
+    #endif
+    //uint16_t _divisor = (SC16IS752_XTAL_FREQ / PRESCALER) / (BAUD_RATE * 16);
+    uint16_t _divisor = (_sc16is752_xtal_freq/PRESCALER)/(BAUD_RATE * 16);  // Calculate _divisor for baudrate
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x08; // UART Software reset
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOCONTROL, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00; // Set pins to GPIO mode
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOCONTROL, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0xFF; //Set all pins as output
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IODIR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_IOSTATE); // Read current state as not to overwrite the other GPIO pins
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0];
+    setGPIO(); // Set the audio mixer channel
+    /*
+    if (_UART_CH == 0){ // Set Audio mixer channel
+      TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+    } else { // must be UART 1
+      TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+    }
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    */
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x07; // Reset FIFO, clear RX & TX FIFO
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_FCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x00; // Set MCR to all 0, includes Clock divisor
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_MCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x80 | WORD_LEN | STOP_BIT | PARITY_ENA | PARITY_TYPE;
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_LCR, TEMP_REG_VAL); // Divisor latch enabled
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_DLL, (uint8_t)_divisor);  // Write DLL
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_DLH, (uint8_t)(_divisor >> 8)); // Write DLH
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_LCR);
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0] & 0x7F; // Disable Divisor latch enabled bit
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_LCR, TEMP_REG_VAL); // Divisor latch disabled  
+
+    uint8_t status = _rb.status;
+    if (status != I2C_STATUS_OK) {
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s failed %S"), _I2CAddress.toString(), I2CManager.getErrorMessage(status));
+      _deviceState = DEVSTATE_FAILED;
+    } else {
+      #ifdef DIAG_IO
+       DIAG(F("SC16IS752: I2C: %s, _deviceState: %S"), _I2CAddress.toString(), I2CManager.getErrorMessage(status));
+      #endif
+     _deviceState = DEVSTATE_NORMAL; // If I2C state is OK, then proceed to initialize DFPlayer 
+    }
+  }
+
+  
+  // Read the Receive FIFO Level register (RXLVL), return a single unsigned integer
+  // of nr of characters in the RX FIFO, bit 6:0, 7 not used, set to zero
+  // value from 0 (0x00) to 64 (0x40) Only display if RX FIFO has data
+  // The RX fifo level is used to check if there are enough bytes to process a frame
+  void RX_fifo_lvl(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_RXLV);
+    FIFO_RX_LEVEL = _inbuffer[0];
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+     if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL > 0){
+     //if (FIFO_RX_LEVEL > 0 && FIFO_RX_LEVEL < 10){
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, FIFO_RX_LEVEL: 0d%d"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, _inbuffer[0]);
+    }
+    #endif   
+  }
+
+  // When a frame is transmitted from the DFPlayer to the serial port, and at the same time the CS is sending a 42 query
+  // the following two frames from the DFPlayer are corrupt. This result in the receive buffer being out of sync and the 
+  // CS will complain and generate a timeout.
+  // The RX fifo has corrupt data and need to be flushed, this function does that
+  // 
+  void resetRX_fifo(){
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, RX fifo reset"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH);
+    #endif    
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = 0x03; // Reset RX fifo
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_FCR, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+  }
+
+  // Set or reset GPIO pin 0 and 1 depending on the UART ch
+  // This function may be modified in a future release to enable all 8 pins to be set or reset with EX-Rail
+  // for various auxilary functions
+  void setGPIO(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_IOSTATE); // Get the current GPIO pins state from the IOSTATE register
+    TEMP_REG_VAL = _inbuffer[0];
+    if (_audioMixer == 1){ // set to audio mixer 1
+      if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+        TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to high
+      } else { // must be UART 1
+         TEMP_REG_VAL |= (0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to high
+        }
+    } else { // set to audio mixer 2
+        if (_UART_CH == 0){ 
+          TEMP_REG_VAL &= ~(0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 0 to Low
+        } else { // must be UART 1
+           TEMP_REG_VAL &= ~(0x01 << _UART_CH); //Set GPIO pin 1 to Low
+          }
+      }    
+    UART_WriteRegister(REG_IOSTATE, TEMP_REG_VAL);
+    _setamCmd = false;  
+  }
+  
+
+  // Read the Tranmit FIFO Level register (TXLVL), return a single unsigned integer
+  // of nr characters free in the TX FIFO, bit 6:0, 7 not used, set to zero
+  // value from 0 (0x00) to 64 (0x40)
+  //
+  void TX_fifo_lvl(){
+    UART_ReadRegister(REG_TXLV);
+    FIFO_TX_LEVEL = _inbuffer[0];
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer
+    //  DIAG(F("SC16IS752: At I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, FIFO_TX_LEVEL: 0d%d"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, FIFO_TX_LEVEL);
+    #endif 
+  }
+
+
+  //void UART_WriteRegister(I2CAddress _I2CAddress, uint8_t _UART_CH, uint8_t UART_REG, uint8_t Val, I2CRB &_rb){
+  void UART_WriteRegister(uint8_t UART_REG, uint8_t Val){
+    _outbuffer[0] = UART_REG << 3 | _UART_CH << 1;
+    _outbuffer[1] = Val;
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Write register at I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, Register: 0x%x, Data: 0b%b"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, UART_REG, _outbuffer[1]);
+    #endif
+    I2CManager.write(_I2CAddress, _outbuffer, 2);
+  }
+
+ 
+  void UART_ReadRegister(uint8_t UART_REG){
+     _outbuffer[0] = UART_REG << 3 | _UART_CH << 1; // _outbuffer[0] has now UART_REG and UART_CH
+     I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, _inbuffer, 1, _outbuffer, 1);    
+    // _inbuffer has the REG data
+    #ifdef DIAG_I2CDFplayer_reg
+      DIAG(F("SC16IS752: Read register at I2C: %s, UART channel: 0x%x, Register: 0x%x, Data: 0b%b"), _I2CAddress.toString(), _UART_CH, UART_REG, _inbuffer[0]);
+    #endif
+  }
+
+// SC16IS752 General register set (from the datasheet)
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_RHR       = 0x00, // FIFO Read
+    REG_THR       = 0x00, // FIFO Write
+    REG_IER       = 0x01, // Interrupt Enable Register R/W
+    REG_FCR       = 0x02, // FIFO Control Register Write
+    REG_IIR       = 0x02, // Interrupt Identification Register Read
+    REG_LCR       = 0x03, // Line Control Register R/W
+    REG_MCR       = 0x04, // Modem Control Register R/W
+    REG_LSR       = 0x05, // Line Status Register Read
+    REG_MSR       = 0x06, // Modem Status Register Read
+    REG_SPR       = 0x07, // Scratchpad Register R/W
+    REG_TCR       = 0x06, // Transmission Control Register R/W
+    REG_TLR       = 0x07, // Trigger Level Register R/W    
+    REG_TXLV      = 0x08, // Transmitter FIFO Level register Read
+    REG_RXLV      = 0x09, // Receiver FIFO Level register Read
+    REG_IODIR     = 0x0A, // Programmable I/O pins Direction register R/W
+    REG_IOSTATE   = 0x0B, // Programmable I/O pins State register R/W
+    REG_IOINTENA  = 0x0C, // I/O Interrupt Enable register R/W
+    REG_IOCONTROL = 0x0E, // I/O Control register R/W
+    REG_EFCR      = 0x0F, // Extra Features Control Register R/W
+  };
+
+// SC16IS752 Special register set
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_DLL       = 0x00, // Division registers R/W
+    REG_DLH       = 0x01, // Division registers R/W
+  };
+
+// SC16IS752 Enhanced regiter set
+enum : uint8_t{
+    REG_EFR       = 0X02, // Enhanced Features Register R/W
+    REG_XON1      = 0x04, // R/W
+    REG_XON2      = 0x05, // R/W
+    REG_XOFF1     = 0x06, // R/W
+    REG_XOFF2     = 0x07, // R/W
+  };
+
+
+// DFPlayer commands and values
+// Declared in this scope
+enum  : uint8_t{
+    DF_PLAY          = 0x0F,
+    DF_VOL           = 0x06,
+    DF_FOLDER        = 0x2B, // Not a DFPlayer command, used to set folder nr where audio file is
+    DF_REPEATPLAY    = 0x08,
+    DF_STOPPLAY      = 0x16,
+    DF_EQ            = 0x07, // Set equaliser, require parameter NORMAL, POP, ROCK, JAZZ, CLASSIC or BASS
+    DF_RESET         = 0x0C,
+    DF_DACON         = 0x1A,
+    DF_SETAM         = 0x2A, // Set audio mixer 1 or 2 for this DFPLayer   
+    DF_NORMAL        = 0x00, // Equalizer parameters
+    DF_POP           = 0x01,
+    DF_ROCK          = 0x02,
+    DF_JAZZ          = 0x03,
+    DF_CLASSIC       = 0x04,
+    DF_BASS          = 0x05,    
+  };
+
+};
+
+#endif // IO_I2CDFPlayer_h

IO_RotaryEncoder.h

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@
 * Defining in myAutomation.h requires the device driver to be included in addition to the HAL() statement. Examples:
 *
 * #include "IO_RotaryEncoder.h"
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 1, 0x70)    // Define single Vpin, no feedback or position sent to rotary encoder software
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 2, 0x70)    // Define two Vpins, feedback only sent to rotary encoder software
-* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 3, 0x70)    // Define three Vpins, can send feedback and position update to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 1, 0x67)    // Define single Vpin, no feedback or position sent to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 2, 0x67)    // Define two Vpins, feedback only sent to rotary encoder software
+* HAL(RotaryEncoder, 700, 3, 0x67)    // Define three Vpins, can send feedback and position update to rotary encoder software
 *
 * Refer to the documentation for further information including the valid activities and examples.
 */

IO_trainbrains.h

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2023, Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
+ *  © 2021, Neil McKechnie. All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of DCC++EX API
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef io_trainbrains_h
+#define io_trainbrains_h
+
+#include "IO_GPIOBase.h"
+#include "FSH.h"
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+/*
+ * IODevice subclass for trainbrains 3-block occupancy detector.
+ * For details see http://trainbrains.eu
+ */
+ 
+ enum TrackUnoccupancy
+{
+    TRACK_UNOCCUPANCY_UNKNOWN = 0,
+    TRACK_OCCUPIED = 1,
+    TRACK_UNOCCUPIED = 2
+};
+
+class Trainbrains02 : public GPIOBase<uint16_t> {
+public:
+  static void create(VPIN vpin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress) {
+    if (checkNoOverlap(vpin, nPins, i2cAddress)) new Trainbrains02(vpin, nPins, i2cAddress);
+  }
+
+private:  
+  // Constructor
+  Trainbrains02(VPIN vpin, uint8_t nPins, I2CAddress i2cAddress, int interruptPin=-1) 
+    : GPIOBase<uint16_t>((FSH *)F("Trainbrains02"), vpin, nPins, i2cAddress, interruptPin) 
+  {
+    requestBlock.setRequestParams(_I2CAddress, inputBuffer, sizeof(inputBuffer),
+      outputBuffer, sizeof(outputBuffer));
+    
+     outputBuffer[0] = (uint8_t)_I2CAddress; // strips away the mux part.
+     outputBuffer[1] =14;
+     outputBuffer[2] =1;
+     outputBuffer[3] =0;  // This is the channel updated at each poling call
+     outputBuffer[4] =0;
+     outputBuffer[5] =0;
+     outputBuffer[6] =0;
+     outputBuffer[7] =0;
+     outputBuffer[8] =0;
+     outputBuffer[9] =0;
+  }
+  
+  void _writeGpioPort() override {}
+
+  void _readGpioPort(bool immediate) override {
+    // cycle channel on device each time 
+    outputBuffer[3]=channelInProgress+1; // 1-origin 
+    channelInProgress++;
+    if(channelInProgress>=_nPins) channelInProgress=0; 
+    
+    if (immediate) {
+      _processCompletion(I2CManager.read(_I2CAddress, inputBuffer, sizeof(inputBuffer), 
+                                   outputBuffer, sizeof(outputBuffer)));
+    } else {
+      // Queue new request
+      requestBlock.wait(); // Wait for preceding operation to complete
+      // Issue new request to read GPIO register
+      I2CManager.queueRequest(&requestBlock);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // This function is invoked when an I/O operation on the requestBlock completes.
+  void _processCompletion(uint8_t status) override {
+    if (status != I2C_STATUS_OK) inputBuffer[6]=TRACK_UNOCCUPANCY_UNKNOWN;  
+    if (inputBuffer[6] == TRACK_UNOCCUPIED ) _portInputState |=  0x01 <<channelInProgress;
+    else _portInputState &=  ~(0x01 <<channelInProgress);
+  }
+
+  uint8_t channelInProgress=0; 
+  uint8_t outputBuffer[10];
+  uint8_t inputBuffer[10];
+  
+};
+
+#endif

KeywordHasher.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ *  © 2024 Vincent Hamp and Chris Harlow
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *  
+ *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
+ *
+ *  This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+
+/* Reader be aware: 
+ This function implements the _hk data type so that a string keyword
+ is hashed to the same value as the DCCEXParser uses to hash incoming 
+ keywords. 
+ Thus  "MAIN"_hk  generates exactly the same run time vakue 
+ as   const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN=11339  
+*/
+#ifndef KeywordHAsher_h
+#define KeywordHasher_h
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+constexpr uint16_t CompiletimeKeywordHasher(const char *  sv, uint16_t running=0) {
+    return (*sv==0) ? running : CompiletimeKeywordHasher(sv+1,
+          (*sv >= '0' && *sv <= '9') 
+            ? (10*running+*sv-'0')  // Numeric hash  
+            : ((running << 5) + running) ^ *sv
+            );  // 
+}
+
+constexpr int16_t operator""_hk(const char * keyword, size_t len) 
+{
+    return (int16_t) CompiletimeKeywordHasher(keyword,len*0);
+}
+
+/* Some historical values for testing:
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SLOW = -17209;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED28 = -17064;
+const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_SPEED128 = 25816;
+*/
+
+static_assert("MAIN"_hk == 11339,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SLOW"_hk == -17209,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SPEED28"_hk == -17064,"Keyword hasher error");
+static_assert("SPEED128"_hk == 25816,"Keyword hasher error");
+#endif

MotorDriver.cpp

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ MotorDriver::MotorDriver(int16_t power_pin, byte signal_pin, byte signal_pin2, i
 }
 
 bool MotorDriver::isPWMCapable() {
-    return (!dualSignal) && DCCTimer::isPWMPin(signalPin); 
+    return (!dualSignal) && DCCTimer::isPWMPin(signalPin);
 }
 
 
@@ -325,49 +325,23 @@ uint16_t taurustones[28] = { 165, 175, 196, 220,
 			     220, 196, 175, 165 };
 #endif
 #endif
-void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode) {
+void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode, uint8_t frequency /*default =0*/) {
   if (brakePin == UNUSED_PIN)
     return;
-  switch(brakePin) {
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-    // Not worth doin something here as:
-    // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
-    // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
-    // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
-#endif
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-  case 9:
-  case 10:
-    // Timer2 (is differnet)
-    TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM1=0 and WGM0=1 phase correct PWM
-    TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | B00000110; // set WGM2=0 ; set divisor on timer 2 to 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    //DIAG(F("2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
-    break;
-  case 6:
-  case 7:
-  case 8:
-    // Timer4
-    TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for normal PWM 8-bit
-    TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | B00000100; // set WGM2=0 and WGM3=0 for normal PWM 8 bit and div 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    break;
-  case 46:
-  case 45:
-  case 44:
-    // Timer5
-    TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for normal PWM 8-bit
-    TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | B00000100; // set WGM2=0 and WGM3=0 for normal PWM 8 bit and div 1/256 for 122.55Hz
-    break;
-#endif
-  default:
-    break;
-  }
   // spedcoode is a dcc speed & direction
   byte tSpeed=speedcode & 0x7F; // DCC Speed with 0,1 stop and speed steps 2 to 127
   byte tDir=speedcode & 0x80;
   byte brake;
+
+  if (tSpeed <= 1) brake = 255;
+  else if (tSpeed >= 127) brake = 0;
+  else  brake = 2 * (128-tSpeed);
+  if (invertBrake)
+    brake=255-brake;
+
+  { // new block because of variable f
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
-  {
-    int f = 131;
+    int f = frequency;
 #ifdef VARIABLE_TONES
     if (tSpeed > 2) {
       if (tSpeed <= 58) {
@@ -375,19 +349,15 @@ void MotorDriver::setDCSignal(byte speedcode) {
       }
     }
 #endif
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, f); // set DC PWM frequency to 100Hz XXX May move to setup
+    //DIAG(F("Brake pin %d freqency %d"), brakePin, f);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, f); // set DC PWM frequency
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,brake);
+#else // all AVR here
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, frequency); // frequency steps
+    analogWrite(brakePin,brake);
+#endif
   }
-#endif
-  if (tSpeed <= 1) brake = 255;
-  else if (tSpeed >= 127) brake = 0;
-  else  brake = 2 * (128-tSpeed);
-  if (invertBrake)
-    brake=255-brake;
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
-  DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,brake);
-#else
-  analogWrite(brakePin,brake);
-#endif
+
   //DIAG(F("DCSignal %d"), speedcode);
   if (HAVE_PORTA(fastSignalPin.shadowinout == &PORTA)) {
     noInterrupts();
@@ -436,58 +406,26 @@ void MotorDriver::throttleInrush(bool on) {
     return;
   if ( !(trackMode & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN | TRACK_MODE_PROG | TRACK_MODE_EXT)))
     return;
-  byte duty = on ? 208 : 0;
+  byte duty = on ? 207 : 0; // duty of 81% at 62500Hz this gives pauses of 3usec
   if (invertBrake)
     duty = 255-duty;
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
   if(on) {
     DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,duty);
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 62500);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 7); // 7 means max
   } else {
     ledcDetachPin(brakePin);
   }
 #elif defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)
   if(on) {
-    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 62500);
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 7); // 7 means max
     DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWrite(brakePin,duty);
   } else {
     pinMode(brakePin, OUTPUT);
   }
-#else
+#else // all AVR here
   if(on){
-    switch(brakePin) {
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-      // Not worth doin something here as:
-      // If we are on pin 9 or 10 we are on Timer1 and we can not touch Timer1 as that is our DCC source.
-      // If we are on pin 5 or 6 we are on Timer 0 ad we can not touch Timer0 as that is millis() etc.
-      // We are most likely not on pin 3 or 11 as no known motor shield has that as brake.
-#endif
-#if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_MEGA2560)
-    case 9:
-    case 10:
-      // Timer2 (is different)
-      TCCR2A = (TCCR2A & B11111100) | B00000011; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=1 for fast PWM
-      TCCR2B = (TCCR2B & B11110000) | B00000001; // set WGM2=0 and prescaler div=1 (max)
-      DIAG(F("2 A=%x B=%x"), TCCR2A, TCCR2B);
-      break;
-    case 6:
-    case 7:
-    case 8:
-      // Timer4
-      TCCR4A = (TCCR4A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for fast PWM 8-bit
-      TCCR4B = (TCCR4B & B11100000) | B00001001; // set WGM2=1 and WGM3=0 for fast PWM 8 bit and div=1 (max)
-      break;
-    case 46:
-    case 45:
-    case 44:
-      // Timer5
-      TCCR5A = (TCCR5A & B11111100) | B00000001; // set WGM0=1 and WGM1=0 for fast PWM 8-bit
-      TCCR5B = (TCCR5B & B11100000) | B00001001; // set WGM2=1 and WGM3=0 for fast PWM 8 bit and div=1 (max)
-      break;
-#endif
-    default:
-      break;
-    }
+    DCCTimer::DCCEXanalogWriteFrequency(brakePin, 7); // 7 means max
   }
   analogWrite(brakePin,duty);
 #endif
@@ -605,6 +543,10 @@ void MotorDriver::checkPowerOverload(bool useProgLimit, byte trackno) {
 	DIAG(F("TRACK %c ALERT FAULT"), trackno + 'A');
       }
       setPower(POWERMODE::ALERT);
+      if ((trackMode & TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV) && (trackMode & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_EXT|TRACK_MODE_BOOST))){
+	DIAG(F("TRACK %c INVERT"), trackno + 'A');
+	invertOutput();
+      }
       break;
     }
     // all well
@@ -676,8 +618,10 @@ void MotorDriver::checkPowerOverload(bool useProgLimit, byte trackno) {
       power_sample_overload_wait *= 2;
       if (power_sample_overload_wait > POWER_SAMPLE_RETRY_MAX)
 	      power_sample_overload_wait = POWER_SAMPLE_RETRY_MAX;
+  #ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
       DIAG(F("Calling EXRAIL"));
       RMFT2::powerEvent(trackno, true); // Tell EXRAIL we have an overload
+  #endif
       // power on test
       DIAG(F("TRACK %c POWER RESTORE (after %4M)"), trackno + 'A', mslpc);
       setPower(POWERMODE::ALERT);

MotorDriver.h

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *  © 2021 Mike S
  *  © 2021 Fred Decker
  *  © 2020 Chris Harlow
- *  © 2022 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2022,2023 Harald Barth
  *  All rights reserved.
  *  
  *  This file is part of CommandStation-EX
@@ -28,8 +28,21 @@
 #include "DCCTimer.h"
 
 // use powers of two so we can do logical and/or on the track modes in if clauses.
+// RACK_MODE_DCX is (TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_INV)
+template<class T> inline T operator~ (T a) { return (T)~(int)a; }
+template<class T> inline T operator| (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a | (int)b); }
+template<class T> inline T operator& (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a & (int)b); }
+template<class T> inline T operator^ (T a, T b) { return (T)((int)a ^ (int)b); }
 enum TRACK_MODE : byte {TRACK_MODE_NONE = 1, TRACK_MODE_MAIN = 2, TRACK_MODE_PROG = 4,
-                        TRACK_MODE_DC = 8, TRACK_MODE_DCX = 16, TRACK_MODE_EXT = 32};
+                        TRACK_MODE_DC = 8, TRACK_MODE_EXT = 16,
+#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+			TRACK_MODE_BOOST = 32,
+#else
+			TRACK_MODE_BOOST = 0,
+#endif
+                        TRACK_MODE_ALL = TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG|TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_EXT|TRACK_MODE_BOOST,
+                        TRACK_MODE_INV = 64,
+			TRACK_MODE_DCX = TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_INV, TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV = 128};
 
 #define setHIGH(fastpin)  *fastpin.inout |= fastpin.maskHIGH
 #define setLOW(fastpin)   *fastpin.inout &= fastpin.maskLOW
@@ -148,7 +161,11 @@ class MotorDriver {
     // otherwise the call from interrupt context can undo whatever we do
     // from outside interrupt
     void setBrake( bool on, bool interruptContext=false);
-  __attribute__((always_inline)) inline void setSignal( bool high) {
+    __attribute__((always_inline)) inline void setSignal( bool high) {
+#ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+      if (invertPhase)
+	high = !high;
+#endif
       if (trackPWM) {
 	DCCTimer::setPWM(signalPin,high);
       }
@@ -168,9 +185,15 @@ class MotorDriver {
 	pinMode(signalPin, OUTPUT);
       else
 	pinMode(signalPin, INPUT);
+      if (signalPin2 != UNUSED_PIN) {
+	if (on)
+	  pinMode(signalPin2, OUTPUT);
+	else
+	  pinMode(signalPin2, INPUT);
+      }
     };
     inline pinpair getSignalPin() { return pinpair(signalPin,signalPin2); };
-    void setDCSignal(byte speedByte);
+    void setDCSignal(byte speedByte, uint8_t frequency=0);
     void throttleInrush(bool on);
     inline void detachDCSignal() {
 #if defined(__arm__)
@@ -232,6 +255,32 @@ class MotorDriver {
 #endif
   inline void setMode(TRACK_MODE m) {
     trackMode = m;
+    invertOutput(trackMode & TRACK_MODE_INV);
+  };
+  inline void invertOutput() {               // toggles output inversion
+    invertPhase = !invertPhase;
+    invertOutput(invertPhase);
+  };
+  inline void invertOutput(bool b) {         // sets output inverted or not
+    if (b)
+      invertPhase = 1;
+    else
+      invertPhase = 0;
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+    pinpair p = getSignalPin();
+    uint32_t *outreg = (uint32_t *)(GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_SEL_CFG_REG + 4*p.pin);
+    if (invertPhase) // set or clear the invert bit in the gpio out register
+      *outreg |=  ((uint32_t)0x1 << GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_INV_SEL_S);
+    else
+      *outreg &= ~((uint32_t)0x1 << GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_INV_SEL_S);
+    if (p.invpin != UNUSED_PIN) {
+      outreg = (uint32_t *)(GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_SEL_CFG_REG + 4*p.invpin);
+      if (invertPhase) // clear or set the invert bit in the gpio out register
+	*outreg &= ~((uint32_t)0x1 << GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_INV_SEL_S);
+      else
+	*outreg |=  ((uint32_t)0x1 << GPIO_FUNC0_OUT_INV_SEL_S);
+    }
+#endif
   };
   inline TRACK_MODE getMode() {
     return trackMode;
@@ -263,7 +312,7 @@ class MotorDriver {
     bool invertBrake;       // brake pin passed as negative means pin is inverted
     bool invertPower;       // power pin passed as negative means pin is inverted
     bool invertFault;       // fault pin passed as negative means pin is inverted
-    
+    bool invertPhase = 0;   // phase of out pin is inverted
     // Raw to milliamp conversion factors avoiding float data types.
     // Milliamps=rawADCreading * sensefactorInternal / senseScale
     //

MotorDrivers.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022-2023 Paul M. Antoine
  *  © 2021 Fred Decker
- *  © 2020-2023 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2020-2024 Harald Barth
  *  (c) 2020 Chris Harlow. All rights reserved.
  *  (c) 2021 Fred Decker.  All rights reserved.
  *  (c) 2020 Harald Barth. All rights reserved.
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@
 // of the brake pin on the motor bridge is inverted
 // (HIGH == release brake)
 
+// You can have a CS wihout any possibility to do any track signal.
+// That's strange but possible.
+#define NO_SHIELD F("No shield at all")
+
 // Arduino STANDARD Motor Shield, used on different architectures:
 
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_STM32)

Sensors.cpp

@@ -230,6 +230,13 @@ Sensor *Sensor::create(int snum, VPIN pin, int pullUp){
   return tt;
 }
 
+// Creet multiple eponymous sensors based on vpin alone. 
+void Sensor::createMultiple(VPIN firstPin, byte count) {
+  for (byte i=0;i<count;i++) {
+    create(firstPin+i,firstPin+i,1); 
+  }
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Object method to directly change the input state, for sensors such as LCN which are updated
 //  by means other than by polling an input.

Sensors.h

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public:
   static void store();
 #endif
   static Sensor *create(int id, VPIN vpin, int pullUp);
+  static void createMultiple(VPIN firstPin, byte count=1);
   static Sensor* get(int id);  
   static bool remove(int id);  
   static void checkAll();

SerialManager.cpp

@@ -111,14 +111,15 @@ void SerialManager::loop2() {
             bufferLength = 0;
             buffer[0] = '\0';
         }
-        else if (ch == '>') {
-            buffer[bufferLength] = '\0';
-            DCCEXParser::parse(serial, buffer, NULL); 
-            inCommandPayload = false;
-            break;
-        }
-        else if (inCommandPayload) {
-            if (bufferLength <  (COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE-1)) buffer[bufferLength++] = ch;
+        else if  (inCommandPayload) {
+	  if (bufferLength <  (COMMAND_BUFFER_SIZE-1))
+	    buffer[bufferLength++] = ch;
+	  if (ch == '>') {
+	    buffer[bufferLength] = '\0';
+	    DCCEXParser::parse(serial, buffer, NULL); 
+	    inCommandPayload = false;
+	    break;
+	  }
         }
     }
     

StringFormatter.cpp

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "StringFormatter.h"
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include "DisplayInterface.h"
+#include "CommandDistributor.h"
 
 bool Diag::ACK=false;
 bool Diag::CMD=false;
@@ -38,13 +39,28 @@ void StringFormatter::diag( const FSH* input...) {
 
 void StringFormatter::lcd(byte row, const FSH* input...) {
   va_list args;
-
+#ifndef DISABLE_VDPY
+  Print * virtualLCD=CommandDistributor::getVirtualLCDSerial(0,row);
+#else
+  Print * virtualLCD=NULL;
+#endif
   // Issue the LCD as a diag first
-  send(&USB_SERIAL,F("<* LCD%d:"),row);
-  va_start(args, input);
-  send2(&USB_SERIAL,input,args);
-  send(&USB_SERIAL,F(" *>\n"));
+  // Unless the same serial is asking for the virtual @ respomnse
+  if (virtualLCD!=&USB_SERIAL) {
+    send(&USB_SERIAL,F("<* LCD%d:"),row);
+    va_start(args, input);
+    send2(&USB_SERIAL,input,args);
+    send(&USB_SERIAL,F(" *>\n"));
+  }
   
+#ifndef DISABLE_VDPY
+  // send to virtual LCD collector (if any) 
+  if (virtualLCD) {
+    va_start(args, input);
+    send2(virtualLCD,input,args);
+    CommandDistributor::commitVirtualLCDSerial();
+  }
+#endif
   DisplayInterface::setRow(row);    
   va_start(args, input);
   send2(DisplayInterface::getDisplayHandler(),input,args);
@@ -52,6 +68,16 @@ void StringFormatter::lcd(byte row, const FSH* input...) {
 
 void StringFormatter::lcd2(uint8_t display, byte row, const FSH* input...) {
   va_list args;
+  
+   // send to virtual LCD collector (if any) 
+#ifndef DISABLE_VDPY
+  Print * virtualLCD=CommandDistributor::getVirtualLCDSerial(display,row);
+  if (virtualLCD) {
+    va_start(args, input);
+    send2(virtualLCD,input,args);
+    CommandDistributor::commitVirtualLCDSerial();
+  }
+#endif
 
   DisplayInterface::setRow(display, row);    
   va_start(args, input);
@@ -117,6 +143,7 @@ void StringFormatter::send2(Print * stream,const FSH* format, va_list args) {
       case 'o': stream->print(va_arg(args, int), OCT); break;
       case 'x': stream->print((unsigned int)va_arg(args, unsigned int), HEX); break;
       case 'X': stream->print((unsigned long)va_arg(args, unsigned long), HEX); break;
+      case 'h': printHex(stream,(unsigned int)va_arg(args, unsigned int)); break;
       case 'M':
       { // this prints a unsigned long microseconds time in readable format
 	unsigned long time = va_arg(args, long);
@@ -218,4 +245,14 @@ void StringFormatter::printPadded(Print* stream, long value, byte width, bool fo
     if (!formatLeft) stream->print(value, DEC);    
   }
 
- 
+// printHex prints the full 2 byte hex with leading zeros, unlike print(value,HEX)
+const char FLASH hexchars[]="0123456789ABCDEF";
+void StringFormatter::printHex(Print * stream,uint16_t value) {
+    char result[5];
+    for (int i=3;i>=0;i--) {
+      result[i]=GETFLASH(hexchars+(value & 0x0F));
+      value>>=4;
+    }
+    result[4]='\0';
+     stream->print(result);
+}

StringFormatter.h

@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ class StringFormatter
     static void lcd2(uint8_t display, byte row, const FSH* input...);
     static void printEscapes(char * input);
     static void printEscape( char c);
+    static void printHex(Print * stream,uint16_t value);
 
     private: 
     static void send2(Print * serial, const FSH* input,va_list args);
     static void printPadded(Print* stream, long value, byte width, bool formatLeft);
-
 };
 #endif

TrackManager.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022 Chris Harlow
- *  © 2022 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2022-2024 Harald Barth
  *  © 2023 Colin Murdoch
  *  All rights reserved.
  *  
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with CommandStation.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
+#include "defines.h"
 #include "TrackManager.h"
 #include "FSH.h"
 #include "DCCWaveform.h"
@@ -26,7 +27,9 @@
 #include "MotorDriver.h"
 #include "DCCTimer.h"
 #include "DIAG.h"
-#include"CommandDistributor.h"
+#include "CommandDistributor.h"
+#include "DCCEXParser.h"
+#include "KeywordHasher.h"
 // Virtualised Motor shield multi-track hardware Interface
 #define FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) for (byte t=0;t<=lastTrack;t++)
     
@@ -34,22 +37,11 @@
         FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) \
 	    if (track[t]->getMode()==findmode)	\
                 track[t]->function;
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_PROG = -29718;
-#endif
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN = 11339;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_OFF = 22479;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_NONE = -26550;
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DC = 2183;  
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_DCX = 6463; // DC reversed polarity 
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_EXT = 8201; // External DCC signal
-const int16_t HASH_KEYWORD_A = 65; // parser makes single chars the ascii.   
 
 MotorDriver * TrackManager::track[MAX_TRACKS];
 int16_t TrackManager::trackDCAddr[MAX_TRACKS];
 
-POWERMODE TrackManager::mainPowerGuess=POWERMODE::OFF;
-byte TrackManager::lastTrack=0;
+int8_t TrackManager::lastTrack=-1;
 bool TrackManager::progTrackSyncMain=false; 
 bool TrackManager::progTrackBoosted=false; 
 int16_t TrackManager::joinRelay=UNUSED_PIN;
@@ -86,7 +78,7 @@ void TrackManager::sampleCurrent() {
   if (!waiting) {
     // look for a valid track to sample or until we are around
     while (true) {
-      if (track[tr]->getMode() & ( TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG|TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_DCX|TRACK_MODE_EXT )) {
+      if (track[tr]->getMode() & ( TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG|TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_BOOST|TRACK_MODE_EXT )) {
 	track[tr]->startCurrentFromHW();
 	// for scope debug track[1]->setBrake(1);
 	waiting = true;
@@ -166,12 +158,6 @@ void TrackManager::setDCCSignal( bool on) {
   HAVE_PORTF(PORTF=shadowPORTF);
 }
 
-void TrackManager::setCutout( bool on) {
-    (void) on;
-    // TODO Cutout needs fake ports as well
-    // TODO      APPLY_BY_MODE(TRACK_MODE_MAIN,setCutout(on));
-}
-
 // setPROGSignal(), called from interrupt context
 // does assume ports are shadowed if they can be
 void TrackManager::setPROGSignal( bool on) {
@@ -196,17 +182,20 @@ void TrackManager::setPROGSignal( bool on) {
 void TrackManager::setDCSignal(int16_t cab, byte speedbyte) {
   FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
     if (trackDCAddr[t]!=cab && cab != 0) continue;
-    if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_DC) track[t]->setDCSignal(speedbyte);
-    else if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_DCX) track[t]->setDCSignal(speedbyte ^ 128);
+    if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_DC)
+      track[t]->setDCSignal(speedbyte, DCC::getThrottleFrequency(trackDCAddr[t]));
   }
 }    
 
 bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr) {
     if (trackToSet>lastTrack || track[trackToSet]==NULL) return false;
 
+    // Remember track mode we came from for later
+    TRACK_MODE oldmode = track[trackToSet]->getMode();
+
     //DIAG(F("Track=%c Mode=%d"),trackToSet+'A', mode);
     // DC tracks require a motorDriver that can set brake!
-    if (mode==TRACK_MODE_DC || mode==TRACK_MODE_DCX) {
+    if (mode & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
       DIAG(F("Uno has no PWM timers available for DC"));
       return false;
@@ -222,25 +211,41 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
     pinpair p = track[trackToSet]->getSignalPin();
     //DIAG(F("Track=%c remove  pin %d"),trackToSet+'A', p.pin);
     gpio_reset_pin((gpio_num_t)p.pin);
-    pinMode(p.pin, OUTPUT); // gpio_reset_pin may reset to input
     if (p.invpin != UNUSED_PIN) {
       //DIAG(F("Track=%c remove ^pin %d"),trackToSet+'A', p.invpin);
       gpio_reset_pin((gpio_num_t)p.invpin);
-      pinMode(p.invpin, OUTPUT); // gpio_reset_pin may reset to input
     }
+#ifdef BOOSTER_INPUT
+    if (mode & TRACK_MODE_BOOST) {
+      //DIAG(F("Track=%c mode boost pin %d"),trackToSet+'A', p.pin);
+      pinMode(BOOSTER_INPUT, INPUT);
+      gpio_matrix_in(BOOSTER_INPUT, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, false); //pads 224 to 228 available as loopback
+      gpio_matrix_out(p.pin, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, false, false);
+      if (p.invpin != UNUSED_PIN) {
+	gpio_matrix_out(p.invpin, SIG_IN_FUNC228_IDX, true /*inverted*/, false);
+      }
+    } else // elseif clause continues
+#endif
+    if (mode & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN | TRACK_MODE_PROG | TRACK_MODE_DC)) {
+      // gpio_reset_pin may reset to input
+      pinMode(p.pin, OUTPUT);
+      if (p.invpin != UNUSED_PIN)
+	pinMode(p.invpin, OUTPUT);
+    }
+
 #endif
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    if (mode==TRACK_MODE_PROG) {
+    if (mode & TRACK_MODE_PROG) {
 #else
     if (false) {
 #endif
       // only allow 1 track to be prog
       FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
-	if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG && t != trackToSet) {
+	if ( (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG) && t != trackToSet) {
 	  track[t]->setPower(POWERMODE::OFF);
 	  track[t]->setMode(TRACK_MODE_NONE);
 	  track[t]->makeProgTrack(false);     // revoke prog track special handling
-    streamTrackState(NULL,t);
+	  streamTrackState(NULL,t);
 	}
       track[trackToSet]->makeProgTrack(true); // set for prog track special handling
     } else {
@@ -248,22 +253,25 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
     }
     track[trackToSet]->setMode(mode);
     trackDCAddr[trackToSet]=dcAddr;
-    streamTrackState(NULL,trackToSet);
 
     // When a track is switched, we must clear any side effects of its previous 
     // state, otherwise trains run away or just dont move.
 
     // This can be done BEFORE the PWM-Timer evaluation (methinks)
-    if (!(mode==TRACK_MODE_DC || mode==TRACK_MODE_DCX)) {
+    if (!(mode & TRACK_MODE_DC)) {
       // DCC tracks need to have set the PWM to zero or they will not work.
       track[trackToSet]->detachDCSignal();
       track[trackToSet]->setBrake(false);
     }
 
-    // EXT is a special case where the signal pin is
-    // turned off. So unless that is set, the signal
-    // pin should be turned on
-    track[trackToSet]->enableSignal(mode != TRACK_MODE_EXT);
+    // BOOST:
+    //  Leave it as is
+    // otherwise:
+    //  EXT is a special case where the signal pin is
+    //  turned off. So unless that is set, the signal
+    //  pin should be turned on
+    if (!(mode & TRACK_MODE_BOOST))
+      track[trackToSet]->enableSignal(!(mode & TRACK_MODE_EXT));
 
 #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
     // re-evaluate HighAccuracy mode
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
       // DC tracks must not have the DCC PWM switched on
       // so we globally turn it off if one of the PWM
       // capable tracks is now DC or DCX.
-      if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_DC || track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_DCX) {
+      if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
 	if (track[t]->isPWMCapable()) {
 	  canDo=false;    // this track is capable but can not run PWM
 	  break;          // in this mode, so abort and prevent globally below
@@ -281,7 +289,7 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
 	  track[t]->trackPWM=false; // this track sure can not run with PWM
 	  //DIAG(F("Track %c trackPWM 0 (not capable)"), t+'A');
 	}
-      } else if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_MAIN || track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG) {
+      } else if (track[t]->getMode() & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN |TRACK_MODE_PROG)) {
 	track[t]->trackPWM = track[t]->isPWMCapable(); // trackPWM is still a guess here
 	//DIAG(F("Track %c trackPWM %d"), t+'A', track[t]->trackPWM);
 	canDo &= track[t]->trackPWM;
@@ -299,98 +307,135 @@ bool TrackManager::setTrackMode(byte trackToSet, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t dcAddr
 #else
     // For ESP32 we just reinitialize the DCC Waveform
     DCCWaveform::begin();
+    // setMode() again AFTER Waveform::begin() of ESP32 fixes INVERTED signal
+    track[trackToSet]->setMode(mode);
 #endif
 
     // This block must be AFTER the PWM-Timer modifications
-    if (mode==TRACK_MODE_DC || mode==TRACK_MODE_DCX) {
+    if (mode & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
         // DC tracks need to be given speed of the throttle for that cab address
         // otherwise will not match other tracks on same cab.
         // This also needs to allow for inverted DCX
         applyDCSpeed(trackToSet);
     }
 
-    // Normal running tracks are set to the global power state 
-    track[trackToSet]->setPower(
-        (mode==TRACK_MODE_MAIN || mode==TRACK_MODE_DC || mode==TRACK_MODE_DCX || mode==TRACK_MODE_EXT) ?
-        mainPowerGuess : POWERMODE::OFF);
+    // Turn off power if we changed the mode of this track
+    if (mode != oldmode)
+      track[trackToSet]->setPower(POWERMODE::OFF);
+    streamTrackState(NULL,trackToSet);
+
     //DIAG(F("TrackMode=%d"),mode);
     return true; 
 }
 
 void TrackManager::applyDCSpeed(byte t) {
-  uint8_t speedByte=DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(trackDCAddr[t]);
-  if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_DCX)
-    speedByte = speedByte ^ 128; // reverse direction bit
-  track[t]->setDCSignal(speedByte);
+  track[t]->setDCSignal(DCC::getThrottleSpeedByte(trackDCAddr[t]),
+			DCC::getThrottleFrequency(trackDCAddr[t]));
 }
 
-bool TrackManager::parseJ(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
+bool TrackManager::parseEqualSign(Print *stream, int16_t params, int16_t p[])
 {
     
     if (params==0) { // <=>  List track assignments
         FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
              streamTrackState(stream,t);
         return true;
+        
     }
     
-    p[0]-=HASH_KEYWORD_A;  // convert A... to 0.... 
+    p[0]-="A"_hk;  // convert A... to 0.... 
 
     if (params>1 && (p[0]<0 || p[0]>=MAX_TRACKS)) 
         return false;
     
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_MAIN) // <= id MAIN>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="MAIN"_hk) // <= id MAIN>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_MAIN);
     
 #ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_PROG) // <= id PROG>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="PROG"_hk) // <= id PROG>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_PROG);
 #endif
     
-    if (params==2  && (p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_OFF || p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_NONE)) // <= id OFF> <= id NONE>
+    if (params==2  && (p[1]=="OFF"_hk || p[1]=="NONE"_hk)) // <= id OFF> <= id NONE>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_NONE);
 
-    if (params==2  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_EXT) // <= id EXT>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="EXT"_hk) // <= id EXT>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_EXT);
+#ifdef BOOSTER_INPUT
+    if (TRACK_MODE_BOOST != 0 &&        // compile time optimization
+	params==2  && p[1]=="BOOST"_hk) // <= id BOOST>
+        return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_BOOST);
+#endif
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="AUTO"_hk) // <= id AUTO>
+      return setTrackMode(p[0], track[p[0]]->getMode() | TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV);
 
-    if (params==3  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_DC && p[2]>0) // <= id DC cab>
+    if (params==2  && p[1]=="INV"_hk) // <= id AUTO>
+      return setTrackMode(p[0], track[p[0]]->getMode() | TRACK_MODE_INV);
+
+    if (params==3  && p[1]=="DC"_hk && p[2]>0) // <= id DC cab>
         return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_DC,p[2]);
     
-    if (params==3  && p[1]==HASH_KEYWORD_DCX && p[2]>0) // <= id DCX cab>
-        return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_DCX,p[2]);
+    if (params==3  && p[1]=="DCX"_hk && p[2]>0) // <= id DCX cab>
+        return setTrackMode(p[0],TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_INV,p[2]);
 
     return false;
 }
 
-void TrackManager::streamTrackState(Print* stream, byte t) {
-  // null stream means send to commandDistributor for broadcast
-  if (track[t]==NULL) return;
-  auto format=F("");
-  switch(track[t]->getMode()) {
-  case TRACK_MODE_MAIN:
-      format=F("<= %c MAIN>\n");
-      break;
-#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
-  case TRACK_MODE_PROG:
-      format=F("<= %c PROG>\n");
-      break;
-#endif
-  case TRACK_MODE_NONE:
-      format=F("<= %c NONE>\n");
-      break;
-  case TRACK_MODE_EXT:
-      format=F("<= %c EXT>\n");
-      break;
-  case TRACK_MODE_DC:
-      format=F("<= %c DC %d>\n");
-      break;
-  case TRACK_MODE_DCX:
-      format=F("<= %c DCX %d>\n");
-      break;
-  default:
-      break; // unknown, dont care    
+const FSH* TrackManager::getModeName(TRACK_MODE tm) {
+  const FSH *modename=F("---");
+  
+  if (tm & TRACK_MODE_MAIN) {
+    if(tm & TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV)
+      modename=F("MAIN A");
+    else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_INV)
+      modename=F("MAIN I>\n");
+    else
+      modename=F("MAIN");
   }
-  if (stream) StringFormatter::send(stream,format,'A'+t,trackDCAddr[t]);
-  else CommandDistributor::broadcastTrackState(format,'A'+t,trackDCAddr[t]);
+#ifndef DISABLE_PROG
+  else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_PROG)
+    modename=F("PROG");
+#endif
+  else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_NONE)
+    modename=F("NONE");
+  else if(tm & TRACK_MODE_EXT)
+    modename=F("EXT");
+  else if(tm & TRACK_MODE_BOOST) {
+        if(tm & TRACK_MODE_AUTOINV)
+      modename=F("BOOST A");
+    else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_INV)
+      modename=F("BOOST I");
+    else
+      modename=F("BOOST");
+  }
+  else if (tm & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
+    if (tm & TRACK_MODE_INV)
+      modename=F("DCX");
+    else
+      modename=F("DC");
+  }
+  return modename;
+}
+
+// null stream means send to commandDistributor for broadcast
+void TrackManager::streamTrackState(Print* stream, byte t) {
+  const FSH *format;
+  
+  if (track[t]==NULL) return;
+  TRACK_MODE tm = track[t]->getMode();
+  if (tm & TRACK_MODE_DC)
+    format=F("<= %c %S %d>\n");
+  else
+    format=F("<= %c %S>\n");
+
+  const FSH *modename=getModeName(tm);
+  if (stream) {  // null stream means send to commandDistributor for broadcast
+    StringFormatter::send(stream,format,'A'+t, modename, trackDCAddr[t]);
+  } else {
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastTrackState(format,'A'+t, modename, trackDCAddr[t]);
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
+  }
+  
 }
 
 byte TrackManager::nextCycleTrack=MAX_TRACKS;
@@ -405,13 +450,13 @@ void TrackManager::loop() {
     if (nextCycleTrack>lastTrack) nextCycleTrack=0;
     if (track[nextCycleTrack]==NULL) return;
     MotorDriver * motorDriver=track[nextCycleTrack];
-    bool useProgLimit=dontLimitProg? false: track[nextCycleTrack]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG;
+    bool useProgLimit=dontLimitProg ? false : (bool)(track[nextCycleTrack]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG);
     motorDriver->checkPowerOverload(useProgLimit, nextCycleTrack);   
 }
 
 MotorDriver * TrackManager::getProgDriver() {
     FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
-      if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG) return track[t];
+      if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG) return track[t];
     return NULL;
 } 
 
@@ -419,64 +464,113 @@ MotorDriver * TrackManager::getProgDriver() {
 std::vector<MotorDriver *>TrackManager::getMainDrivers() {
   std::vector<MotorDriver *>  v;
   FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
-    if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_MAIN) v.push_back(track[t]);
+    if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_MAIN) v.push_back(track[t]);
   return v;
 }
 #endif
 
-void TrackManager::setPower2(bool setProg,POWERMODE mode) {
-    if (!setProg) mainPowerGuess=mode; 
-    FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
-        MotorDriver * driver=track[t]; 
-        if (!driver) continue; 
-        switch (track[t]->getMode()) {
-            case TRACK_MODE_MAIN:
-                if (setProg) break; 
-                // toggle brake before turning power on - resets overcurrent error
-                // on the Pololu board if brake is wired to ^D2.
-		// XXX see if we can make this conditional
-                driver->setBrake(true);
-                driver->setBrake(false); // DCC runs with brake off
-                driver->setPower(mode);  
-                break; 
-            case TRACK_MODE_DC:
-            case TRACK_MODE_DCX:
-                if (setProg) break; 
-                driver->setBrake(true); // DC starts with brake on
-                applyDCSpeed(t);        // speed match DCC throttles
-                driver->setPower(mode);
-                break;  
-            case TRACK_MODE_PROG:
-                if (!setProg) break; 
-                driver->setBrake(true);
-                driver->setBrake(false);
-                driver->setPower(mode);
-                break;  
-            case TRACK_MODE_EXT:
-	        driver->setBrake(true);
-	        driver->setBrake(false);
-		driver->setPower(mode);
-	        break;
-            case TRACK_MODE_NONE:
-                break;
-        }
+// Set track power for all tracks with this mode
+void TrackManager::setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE trackmodeToMatch, POWERMODE powermode) {
+  bool didChange=false;
+  FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
+    MotorDriver *driver=track[t];
+    TRACK_MODE trackmodeOfTrack = driver->getMode();
+    if (trackmodeToMatch & trackmodeOfTrack) {
+      if (powermode != driver->getPower())
+	didChange=true;
+      if (powermode == POWERMODE::ON) {
+	if (trackmodeOfTrack & TRACK_MODE_DC) {
+	  driver->setBrake(true);   // DC starts with brake on
+	  applyDCSpeed(t);          // speed match DCC throttles
+	} else {
+	  // toggle brake before turning power on - resets overcurrent error
+	  // on the Pololu board if brake is wired to ^D2.
+	  driver->setBrake(true);
+	  driver->setBrake(false); // DCC runs with brake off
+	}
+      }
+      driver->setPower(powermode);
     }
-}
-  
-POWERMODE TrackManager::getProgPower() {
-    FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
-      if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG) 
-	return track[t]->getPower();
-    return POWERMODE::OFF;   
   }
+  if (didChange)
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
+}
+
+// Set track power for this track, inependent of mode
+void TrackManager::setTrackPower(POWERMODE powermode, byte t) {
+  MotorDriver *driver=track[t];
+  if (driver == NULL) { // track is not defined at all
+    DIAG(F("Error: Track %c does not exist"), t+'A');
+    return;
+  }
+  TRACK_MODE trackmode = driver->getMode();
+  POWERMODE oldpower = driver->getPower();
+  if (trackmode & TRACK_MODE_NONE) {
+    driver->setBrake(true);     // Track is unused. Brake is good to have.
+    powermode = POWERMODE::OFF; // Track is unused. Force it to OFF
+  } else if (trackmode & TRACK_MODE_DC) { // includes inverted DC (called DCX)
+    if (powermode == POWERMODE::ON) {
+      driver->setBrake(true);   // DC starts with brake on
+      applyDCSpeed(t);          // speed match DCC throttles
+    }
+  } else /* MAIN PROG EXT BOOST */ {
+    if (powermode == POWERMODE::ON) {
+      // toggle brake before turning power on - resets overcurrent error
+      // on the Pololu board if brake is wired to ^D2.
+      driver->setBrake(true);
+      driver->setBrake(false); // DCC runs with brake off
+    }
+  }
+  driver->setPower(powermode);
+  if (oldpower != driver->getPower())
+    CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
+}
+
+// returns state of the one and only prog track
+POWERMODE TrackManager::getProgPower() {
+  FOR_EACH_TRACK(t)
+    if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG)
+      return track[t]->getPower(); // optimize: there is max one prog track
+  return POWERMODE::OFF;
+}
+
+// returns on if all are on. returns off otherwise
+POWERMODE TrackManager::getMainPower() {
+  POWERMODE result = POWERMODE::OFF;
+  FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
+    if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_MAIN) {
+      POWERMODE p = track[t]->getPower();
+      if (p == POWERMODE::OFF)
+	return POWERMODE::OFF; // done and out
+      if (p == POWERMODE::ON)
+	result = POWERMODE::ON;
+    }
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+bool TrackManager::getPower(byte t, char s[]) {
+  if (t > lastTrack)
+    return false;
+  if (track[t]) {
+    s[0] = track[t]->getPower() == POWERMODE::ON ? '1' : '0';
+    s[2] = t + 'A';
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
 
 void TrackManager::reportObsoleteCurrent(Print* stream) {
   // This function is for backward JMRI compatibility only
   // It reports the first track only, as main, regardless of track settings.
   //  <c MeterName value C/V unit min max res warn>
+#ifdef HAS_ENOUGH_MEMORY
   int maxCurrent=track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getRawCurrentTripValue());
   StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<c CurrentMAIN %d C Milli 0 %d 1 %d>\n"), 
-            track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getCurrentRaw(false)), maxCurrent, maxCurrent);                  
+            track[0]->raw2mA(track[0]->getCurrentRaw(false)), maxCurrent, maxCurrent);
+#else
+  (void)stream;
+#endif
 }
 
 void TrackManager::reportCurrent(Print* stream) {
@@ -510,7 +604,7 @@ void TrackManager::setJoin(bool joined) {
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
   if (joined) {
     FOR_EACH_TRACK(t) {
-      if (track[t]->getMode()==TRACK_MODE_PROG) {
+      if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG) {
 	tempProgTrack = t;
 	setTrackMode(t, TRACK_MODE_MAIN);
 	break;
@@ -538,3 +632,17 @@ bool TrackManager::isPowerOn(byte t) {
     return true;   
   }
 
+bool TrackManager::isProg(byte t) {
+    if (track[t]->getMode() & TRACK_MODE_PROG)
+        return true;
+    return false;
+}
+
+TRACK_MODE TrackManager::getMode(byte t) {
+    return (track[t]->getMode());
+}
+
+int16_t TrackManager::returnDCAddr(byte t) {
+    return (trackDCAddr[t]);
+}
+

TrackManager.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  *  © 2022 Chris Harlow
- *  © 2022 Harald Barth
+ *  © 2022-2024 Harald Barth
  *  © 2023 Colin Murdoch
  * 
  *  All rights reserved.
@@ -39,10 +39,14 @@ const byte TRACK_NUMBER_5=5, TRACK_NUMBER_F=5;
 const byte TRACK_NUMBER_6=6, TRACK_NUMBER_G=6;    
 const byte TRACK_NUMBER_7=7, TRACK_NUMBER_H=7;    
 
+// These constants help EXRAIL macros convert Track Power e.g. SET_POWER(A ON|OFF).
+const byte TRACK_POWER_0=0, TRACK_POWER_OFF=0;    
+const byte TRACK_POWER_1=1, TRACK_POWER_ON=1;   
+
 class TrackManager {
   public:
     static void Setup(const FSH * shieldName,
-                MotorDriver * track0,
+                 MotorDriver * track0=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track1=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track2=NULL,
                  MotorDriver * track3=NULL,
@@ -53,26 +57,32 @@ class TrackManager {
                  );
     
     static void setDCCSignal( bool on);
-    static void setCutout( bool on);
     static void setPROGSignal( bool on);
     static void setDCSignal(int16_t cab, byte speedbyte);
     static MotorDriver * getProgDriver();
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
-  static std::vector<MotorDriver *>getMainDrivers();
+    static std::vector<MotorDriver *>getMainDrivers();
 #endif
-    static void setPower2(bool progTrack,POWERMODE mode);
+  
     static void setPower(POWERMODE mode) {setMainPower(mode); setProgPower(mode);}
-    static void setMainPower(POWERMODE mode) {setPower2(false,mode);}
-    static void setProgPower(POWERMODE mode) {setPower2(true,mode);}
+    static void setTrackPower(POWERMODE mode, byte t);
+    static void setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE trackmode, POWERMODE powermode);
+    static void setMainPower(POWERMODE mode) {setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_MAIN, mode);}
+    static void setProgPower(POWERMODE mode) {setTrackPower(TRACK_MODE_PROG, mode);}
 
     static const int16_t MAX_TRACKS=8;
     static bool setTrackMode(byte track, TRACK_MODE mode, int16_t DCaddr=0);
-    static bool parseJ(Print * stream,  int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
+    static bool parseEqualSign(Print * stream,  int16_t params, int16_t p[]);
     static void loop();
-    static POWERMODE getMainPower() {return mainPowerGuess;}
+    static POWERMODE getMainPower();
     static POWERMODE getProgPower();
+    static inline POWERMODE getPower(byte t) { return track[t]->getPower(); }
+    static bool getPower(byte t, char s[]);
     static void setJoin(bool join);
     static bool isJoined() { return progTrackSyncMain;}
+    static inline bool isActive (byte tr) {
+      if (tr > lastTrack) return false;
+      return track[tr]->getMode() & (TRACK_MODE_MAIN|TRACK_MODE_PROG|TRACK_MODE_DC|TRACK_MODE_BOOST|TRACK_MODE_EXT);}
     static void setJoinRelayPin(byte joinRelayPin);
     static void sampleCurrent();
     static void reportGauges(Print* stream);
@@ -80,6 +90,10 @@ class TrackManager {
     static void reportObsoleteCurrent(Print* stream); 
     static void streamTrackState(Print* stream, byte t);
     static bool isPowerOn(byte t);
+    static bool isProg(byte t);
+    static TRACK_MODE getMode(byte t);
+    static int16_t returnDCAddr(byte t);
+    static const FSH* getModeName(TRACK_MODE Mode);
 
     static int16_t joinRelay;
     static bool progTrackSyncMain;  // true when prog track is a siding switched to main
@@ -94,12 +108,11 @@ class TrackManager {
 
   private:
     static void addTrack(byte t, MotorDriver* driver);
-    static byte lastTrack;
+    static int8_t lastTrack;
     static byte nextCycleTrack;
-    static POWERMODE mainPowerGuess;
     static void applyDCSpeed(byte t);
 
-    static int16_t trackDCAddr[MAX_TRACKS];  // dc address if TRACK_MODE_DC or TRACK_MODE_DCX
+    static int16_t trackDCAddr[MAX_TRACKS];  // dc address if TRACK_MODE_DC
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
     static byte tempProgTrack; // holds the prog track number during join
 #endif

Turntables.cpp

@@ -247,22 +247,23 @@ DCCTurntable::DCCTurntable(uint16_t id) : Turntable(id, TURNTABLE_DCC) {}
     StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i %d DCCTURNTABLE>\n"), _turntableData.id);
   }
 
-  // EX-Turntable specific code for moving to the specified position
-  bool DCCTurntable::setPositionInternal(uint8_t position, uint8_t activity) {
+// EX-Turntable specific code for moving to the specified position
+bool DCCTurntable::setPositionInternal(uint8_t position, uint8_t activity) {
+  (void) activity;
 #ifndef IO_NO_HAL
-    int16_t value = getPositionValue(position);
-    if (position == 0 || !value) return false; // Return false if it's not a valid position
-    // Set position via device driver
-    int16_t addr=value>>3;
-    int16_t subaddr=(value>>1) & 0x03;
-    bool active=value & 0x01;
-    _previousPosition = _turntableData.position;
-    _turntableData.position = position;
-    DCC::setAccessory(addr, subaddr, active);
+  int16_t value = getPositionValue(position);
+  if (position == 0 || !value) return false; // Return false if it's not a valid position
+  // Set position via device driver
+  int16_t addr=value>>3;
+  int16_t subaddr=(value>>1) & 0x03;
+  bool active=value & 0x01;
+  _previousPosition = _turntableData.position;
+  _turntableData.position = position;
+  DCC::setAccessory(addr, subaddr, active);
 #else
-    (void)position;
+  (void)position;
 #endif
-    return true;
-  }
+  return true;
+}
 
 #endif

Turntables.h

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ public:
     for (Turntable *tto = _firstTurntable; tto != 0; tto = tto->_nextTurntable)
       if (!tto->isHidden()) {
         gotOne = true;
-        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<i %d %d>\n"), tto->getId(), tto->getPosition());
+        StringFormatter::send(stream, F("<I %d %d>\n"), tto->getId(), tto->getPosition());
       }
     return gotOne;
   }

WiThrottle.cpp

@@ -150,7 +150,6 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
 	  DCCWaveform::progTrack.setPowerMode(cmd[3]=='1'?POWERMODE::ON:POWERMODE::OFF);
 */
 
-	CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
       }
 #if defined(EXRAIL_ACTIVE)
       else if (cmd[1]=='R' && cmd[2]=='A' && cmd[3]=='2' ) { // Route activate
@@ -188,6 +187,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
       }
       break;
     case 'N':  // Heartbeat (2), only send if connection completed by 'HU' message
+      sendIntro(stream);
       StringFormatter::send(stream, F("*%d\n"), heartrateSent ? HEARTBEAT_SECONDS : HEARTBEAT_PRELOAD); // return timeout value
       break;
     case 'M': // multithrottle
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ void WiThrottle::parse(RingStream * stream, byte * cmdx) {
       break;
     case 'H': // send initial connection info after receiving "HU" message
       if (cmd[1] == 'U') {    
-      sendIntro(stream);	
+	sendIntro(stream);
       }
       break;           
     case 'Q': // 
@@ -496,16 +496,17 @@ void WiThrottle::getLocoCallback(int16_t locoid) {
   TrackManager::setJoin(true);          // <1 JOIN> so we can drive loco away
   DIAG(F("LocoCallback commit success"));
   stashStream->commit();
-  CommandDistributor::broadcastPower();
 }
 
 void WiThrottle::sendIntro(Print* stream) {
+  if (introSent) // sendIntro only once
+    return;
   introSent=true; 
   StringFormatter::send(stream,F("VN2.0\nHTDCC-EX\nRL0\n"));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("HtDCC-EX v%S, %S, %S, %S\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PTT]\\[Turnouts}|{Turnout]\\[THROW}|{2]\\[CLOSE}|{4\n"));
-	StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PPA%x\n"),TrackManager::getMainPower()==POWERMODE::ON);     
-	// set heartbeat to 2 seconds because we need to sync the metadata (1 second is too short!)
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("HtDCC-EX v%S, %S, %S, %S\n"), F(VERSION), F(ARDUINO_TYPE), DCC::getMotorShieldName(), F(GITHUB_SHA));
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PTT]\\[Turnouts}|{Turnout]\\[THROW}|{2]\\[CLOSE}|{4\n"));
+  StringFormatter::send(stream,F("PPA%x\n"),TrackManager::getMainPower()==POWERMODE::ON);
+  // set heartbeat to 2 seconds because we need to sync the metadata (1 second is too short!)
   StringFormatter::send(stream,F("*%d\nHMConnecting..\n"), HEARTBEAT_PRELOAD);
 }
 
@@ -570,7 +571,7 @@ void WiThrottle::sendRoutes(Print* stream) {
 
 void WiThrottle::sendFunctions(Print* stream, byte loco) {
   int16_t locoid=myLocos[loco].cab;
-  int fkeys=29;
+  int fkeys=32; // upper limit (send functions 0 to 31)
 	myLocos[loco].functionToggles=1<<2; // F2 (HORN)  is a non-toggle
         
 #ifdef EXRAIL_ACTIVE
@@ -620,7 +621,7 @@ void WiThrottle::sendFunctions(Print* stream, byte loco) {
 #endif
 	
 	for(int fKey=0; fKey<fkeys; fKey++) { 
-      int fstate=DCC::getFn(locoid,fKey);
+      int8_t fstate=DCC::getFn(locoid,fKey);
       if (fstate>=0) StringFormatter::send(stream,F("M%cA%c%d<;>F%d%d\n"),myLocos[loco].throttle,LorS(locoid),locoid,fstate,fKey);                     
 	}
 }

WifiESP32.cpp

@@ -74,25 +74,39 @@ class NetworkClient {
 public:
   NetworkClient(WiFiClient c) {
     wifi = c;
-  };
-  bool ok() {
-    return (inUse && wifi.connected());
-  };
-  bool recycle(WiFiClient c) {
-
-    if (inUse == true) return false;
-
-    // return false here until we have
-    // implemented a LRU timer
-    // if (LRU too recent) return false;
-    return false;
-
-    wifi = c;
     inUse = true;
+  };
+  bool active(byte clientId) {
+    if (!inUse)
+      return false;
+    if(!wifi.connected()) {
+      DIAG(F("Remove client %d"), clientId);
+      CommandDistributor::forget(clientId);
+      wifi.stop();
+      inUse = false;
+      return false;
+    }
     return true;
+  }
+  bool recycle(WiFiClient c) {
+    if (wifi == c) {
+      if (inUse == true)
+	DIAG(F("WARNING: Duplicate"));
+      else
+	DIAG(F("Returning"));
+      inUse = true;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (inUse == false) {
+      wifi = c;
+      inUse = true;
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
   };
   WiFiClient wifi;
-  bool inUse = true;
+private:
+  bool inUse;
 };
 
 static std::vector<NetworkClient> clients; // a list to hold all clients
@@ -150,6 +164,8 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
   if (haveSSID && havePassword && !forceAP) {
     WiFi.setHostname(hostname); // Strangely does not work unless we do it HERE!
     WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
+    WiFi.setScanMethod(WIFI_ALL_CHANNEL_SCAN); // Scan all channels so we find strongest
+                                               // (default in Wifi library is first match)
 #ifdef SERIAL_BT_COMMANDS
     WiFi.setSleep(true);
 #else
@@ -163,7 +179,9 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
       delay(500);
     }
     if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
-      DIAG(F("Wifi STA IP %s"),WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());
+      // DIAG(F("Wifi STA IP %s"),WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());
+      DIAG(F("Wifi in STA mode"));
+      LCD(7, F("IP: %s"), WiFi.localIP().toString().c_str());
       wifiUp = true;
     } else {
       DIAG(F("Could not connect to Wifi SSID %s"),SSid);
@@ -188,7 +206,7 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
   if (!haveSSID || forceAP) {
     // prepare all strings
     String strSSID(forceAP ? SSid : "DCCEX_");
-    String strPass(forceAP ? password : "PASS_");
+    String strPass( (forceAP && havePassword) ? password : "PASS_");
     if (!forceAP) {
       String strMac = WiFi.macAddress();
       strMac.remove(0,9);
@@ -209,8 +227,13 @@ bool WifiESP::setup(const char *SSid,
     if (WiFi.softAP(strSSID.c_str(),
 		    havePassword ? password : strPass.c_str(),
 		    channel, false, 8)) {
-      DIAG(F("Wifi AP SSID %s PASS %s"),strSSID.c_str(),havePassword ? password : strPass.c_str());
-      DIAG(F("Wifi AP IP %s"),WiFi.softAPIP().toString().c_str());
+      // DIAG(F("Wifi AP SSID %s PASS %s"),strSSID.c_str(),havePassword ? password : strPass.c_str());
+      DIAG(F("Wifi in AP mode"));
+      LCD(5, F("Wifi: %s"), strSSID.c_str());
+      if (!havePassword)
+	LCD(6, F("PASS: %s"),strPass.c_str());
+      // DIAG(F("Wifi AP IP %s"),WiFi.softAPIP().toString().c_str());
+      LCD(7, F("IP: %s"),WiFi.softAPIP().toString().c_str());
       wifiUp = true;
       APmode = true;
     } else {
@@ -276,37 +299,26 @@ void WifiESP::loop() {
   // really no good way to check for LISTEN especially in AP mode?
   wl_status_t wlStatus;
   if (APmode || (wlStatus = WiFi.status()) == WL_CONNECTED) {
-    // loop over all clients and remove inactive
-    for (clientId=0; clientId<clients.size(); clientId++){
-      // check if client is there and alive
-      if(clients[clientId].inUse && !clients[clientId].wifi.connected()) {
-	DIAG(F("Remove client %d"), clientId);
-	CommandDistributor::forget(clientId);
-	clients[clientId].wifi.stop();
-	clients[clientId].inUse = false;
-	//Do NOT clients.erase(clients.begin()+clientId) as
-	//that would mix up clientIds for later.
-      }
-    }
     if (server->hasClient()) {
       WiFiClient client;
       while (client = server->available()) {
 	for (clientId=0; clientId<clients.size(); clientId++){
 	  if (clients[clientId].recycle(client)) {
-	    DIAG(F("Recycle client %d %s"), clientId, client.remoteIP().toString().c_str());
+	    DIAG(F("Recycle client %d %s:%d"), clientId, client.remoteIP().toString().c_str(),client.remotePort());
 	    break;
 	  }
 	}
 	if (clientId>=clients.size()) {
 	  NetworkClient nc(client);
 	  clients.push_back(nc);
-	  DIAG(F("New client %d, %s"), clientId, client.remoteIP().toString().c_str());
+	  DIAG(F("New client %d, %s:%d"), clientId, client.remoteIP().toString().c_str(),client.remotePort());
 	}
       }
     }
     // loop over all connected clients
+    // this removes as a side effect inactive clients when checking ::active()
     for (clientId=0; clientId<clients.size(); clientId++){
-      if(clients[clientId].ok()) {
+      if(clients[clientId].active(clientId)) {
 	int len;
 	if ((len = clients[clientId].wifi.available()) > 0) {
 	  // read data from client
@@ -344,7 +356,7 @@ void WifiESP::loop() {
 	}
 	// buffer filled, end with '\0' so we can use it as C string
 	buffer[count]='\0';
-	if((unsigned int)clientId <= clients.size() && clients[clientId].ok()) {
+	if((unsigned int)clientId <= clients.size() && clients[clientId].active(clientId)) {
 	  if (Diag::CMD || Diag::WITHROTTLE)
 	    DIAG(F("SEND %d:%s"), clientId, buffer);
 	  clients[clientId].wifi.write(buffer,count);
@@ -377,8 +389,9 @@ void WifiESP::loop() {
   // prio task. On core1 this is not a problem
   // as there the wdt is disabled by the
   // arduio IDE startup routines.
-  if (xPortGetCoreID() == 0)
+  if (xPortGetCoreID() == 0) {
     feedTheDog0();
-  yield();
+    yield();
+  }
 }
 #endif //ESP32

WifiInterface.cpp

@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ Stream * WifiInterface::wifiStream;
 #define NUM_SERIAL 3
 #define SERIAL1 Serial3
 #define SERIAL3 Serial5
-#elif defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F413ZH) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F429ZI) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F446ZE) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F412ZG)
+#elif defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F413ZH) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F429ZI) \
+    || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F446ZE) || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F412ZG) \
+    || defined(ARDUINO_NUCLEO_F439ZI)
 #define NUM_SERIAL 2
 #define SERIAL1 Serial6
 #else
@@ -201,17 +203,19 @@ wifiSerialState WifiInterface::setup2(const FSH* SSid, const FSH* password,
   // Display the AT version information
   StringFormatter::send(wifiStream, F("AT+GMR\r\n")); 
   if (checkForOK(2000, F("AT version:"), true, false)) {
-    char version[] = "0.0.0.0";
-    for (int i=0; i<8;i++) {
+    char version[] = "0.0.0.0-xxx";
+    for (int i=0; i<11;i++) {
       while(!wifiStream->available());
       version[i]=wifiStream->read();
       StringFormatter::printEscape(version[i]);
-      if ((version[0] == '0') ||
-	  (version[0] == '2' && version[2] == '0') ||
-	  (version[0] == '2' && version[2] == '2' && version[4] == '0' && version[6] == '0')) {
-	SSid = F("DCCEX_SAYS_BROKEN_FIRMWARE");
-	forceAP = true;
-      }
+    }
+    if ((version[0] == '0') ||
+	(version[0] == '2' && version[2] == '0') ||
+	(version[0] == '2' && version[2] == '2' && version[4] == '0' && version[6] == '0'
+	 && version[7] == '-' && version[8] == 'd' && version[9] == 'e' && version[10] == 'v')) {
+      DIAG(F("You need to up/downgrade the ESP firmware"));
+      SSid = F("UPDATE_ESP_FIRMWARE");
+      forceAP = true;
     }
   }
   checkForOK(2000, true, false);

config.example.h

@@ -167,6 +167,14 @@ The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 //  *  #define SCROLLMODE 2 is by row (move up 1 row at a time).
 #define SCROLLMODE 1
 
+// In order to avoid wasting memory the current scroll buffer is limited
+// to 8 lines.  Some users wishing to display additional information
+// such as TrackManager power states have requested additional rows aware
+// of the warning that this will take extra RAM.  if you wish to include additional rows
+// uncomment the following #define and set the number of lines you need.
+//#define MAX_CHARACTER_ROWS 12
+
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // DISABLE EEPROM
 //
@@ -191,6 +199,18 @@ The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 //
 // #define DISABLE_PROG
 
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// DISABLE / ENABLE VDPY
+//
+// The Virtual display "VDPY" feature is by default enabled everywhere
+// but on Uno and Nano. If you think you can fit it (for example
+// having disabled some of the features above) you can enable it with
+// ENABLE_VDPY. You can even disable it on all other CPUs with
+// DISABLE_VDPY
+//
+// #define DISABLE_VDPY
+// #define ENABLE_VDPY
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // REDEFINE WHERE SHORT/LONG ADDR break is. According to NMRA the last short address
 // is 127 and the first long address is 128. There are manufacturers which have
@@ -202,6 +222,14 @@ The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 // We do not support to use the same address, for example 100(long) and 100(short)
 // at the same time, there must be a border.
 
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Some newer 32bit microcontrollers boot very quickly, so powering on I2C and other
+// peripheral devices at the same time may result in the CommandStation booting too
+// quickly to detect them.
+// To work around this, uncomment the STARTUP_DELAY line below and set a value in
+// milliseconds that works for your environment, default is 3000 (3 seconds).
+// #define STARTUP_DELAY 3000
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //
 // DEFINE TURNOUTS/ACCESSORIES FOLLOW NORM RCN-213
@@ -266,6 +294,12 @@ The configuration file for DCC-EX Command Station
 //
 //#define SERIAL_BT_COMMANDS
 
+// BOOSTER PIN INPUT ON ESP32
+// On ESP32 you have the possibility to define a pin as booster input
+// Arduio pin D2 is GPIO 26 on ESPDuino32
+//
+//#define BOOSTER_INPUT 26
+
 // SABERTOOTH
 //
 // This is a very special option and only useful if you happen to have a

defines.h

@@ -219,11 +219,10 @@
 // The HAL is disabled by default on Nano and Uno platforms, because of limited flash space.
 // 
 #if defined(ARDUINO_AVR_NANO) || defined(ARDUINO_AVR_UNO)
-  #if defined(DISABLE_DIAG) && defined(DISABLE_EEPROM) && defined(DISABLE_PROG)
-    #warning you have sacrificed DIAG for HAL
-  #else
-    #define IO_NO_HAL
-  #endif
+#define IO_NO_HAL // HAL too big whatever you disable otherwise
+#ifndef ENABLE_VDPY
+#define DISABLE_VDPY
+#endif
 #endif
 
 #if __has_include ( "myAutomation.h")

myHal.cpp_example.txt

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 //#include "IO_TouchKeypad.h  // Touch keypad with 16 keys
 //#include "IO_EXTurntable.h"   // Turntable-EX turntable controller
 //#include "IO_EXFastClock.h"  // FastClock driver
+//#include "IO_PCA9555.h"     // 16-bit I/O expander (NXP & Texas Instruments).
+//#include "IO_I2CDFPlayer.h" // DFPlayer over I2C
 
 //==========================================================================
 // The function halSetup() is invoked from CS if it exists within the build.
@@ -233,6 +235,31 @@ void halSetup() {
   // DFPlayer::create(10000, 10, Serial1);
 
 
+  //=======================================================================
+  // Play mp3 files from a Micro-SD card, using a DFPlayer MP3 Module on a SC16IS750/SC16IS752 I2C UART
+  //=======================================================================
+  // DFPlayer via NXP SC16IS752 I2C Dual UART.
+  // I2C address range 0x48 - 0x57
+  // 
+  // Generic format: 
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(1st vPin, vPins, I2C address, xtal);
+  // Parameters:
+  // 1st vPin     : First virtual pin that EX-Rail can control to play a sound, use PLAYSOUND command (alias of ANOUT)
+  // vPins        : Total number of virtual pins allocated (1 vPin is supported currently)
+  //                1st vPin for UART 0
+  // I2C Address  : I2C address of the serial controller, in 0x format
+  // xtal         : 0 for 1.8432Mhz, 1 for 14.7456Mhz
+  //
+  // The vPin is also a pin that can be read with the WAITFOR(vPin) command indicating if the DFPlayer has finished playing a track
+  //
+  
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(10000,  1, 0x48, 1);
+  //
+  // Configuration example on a multiplexer
+  // I2CDFPlayer::create(10000, 1, {I2CMux_0, SubBus_0, 0x48}, 1);
+
+
+
   //=======================================================================
   // 16-pad capacitative touch key pad based on TP229 IC.
   //=======================================================================
@@ -284,12 +311,13 @@ void halSetup() {
   //=======================================================================
   // The parameters are: 
   //   firstVpin = First available Vpin to allocate
-  //   numPins= Number of Vpins to allocate, can be either 1 or 2
-  //   i2cAddress = Available I2C address (default 0x70)
+  //   numPins= Number of Vpins to allocate, can be either 1 to 3
+  //   i2cAddress = Available I2C address (default 0x67)
 
   //RotaryEncoder::create(firstVpin, numPins, i2cAddress);
-  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 1, 0x70);
-  //RotaryEncoder::create(701, 2, 0x71);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 1, 0x67);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 2, 0x67);
+  //RotaryEncoder::create(700, 3, 0x67);
 
  //=======================================================================
   // The following directive defines an EX-FastClock instance.

platformio.ini

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 default_envs = 
 	mega2560
 	uno
-	mega328
 	unowifiR2
 	nano
 	samd21-dev-usb
@@ -149,10 +148,7 @@ build_flags =
 platform = atmelavr
 board = uno
 framework = arduino
-lib_deps = 
-	${env.lib_deps}
-	arduino-libraries/Ethernet
-	SPI
+lib_deps = ${env.lib_deps}
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_echo = yes
 build_flags = -mcall-prologues
@@ -165,6 +161,7 @@ framework = arduino
 lib_deps = ${env.lib_deps}
 monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_echo = yes
+build_flags = -mcall-prologues
 
 [env:ESP32]
 platform = espressif32

version.h

@@ -3,7 +3,86 @@
 
 #include "StringFormatter.h"
 
-#define VERSION "5.1.10"
+#define VERSION "5.2.41"
+// 5.2.41 - Update rotary encoder default address to 0x67
+// 5.2.40 - Allow no shield
+// 5.2.39 - Functions for DC frequency: Use func up to F31
+// 5.2.38 - Exrail MESSAGE("text") to send a user message to all 
+//          connected throttles (uses <m "text"> and  withrottle Hmtext.
+// 5.2.37 - Bugfix ESP32: Use BOOSTER_INPUT define
+// 5.2.36 - Variable frequency for DC mode
+// 5.2.35 - Bugfix: Make DCC Extended Accessories follow RCN-213
+// 5.2.34 - <A address aspect> Command fopr DCC Extended Accessories
+//        - Exrail ASPECT(address,aspect) for above.
+//        - EXRAIL DCCX_SIGNAL(Address,redAspect,amberAspect,greenAspect)
+//        - Exrail intercept <A ...> for DCC Signals. 
+// 5.2.33 - Exrail CONFIGURE_SERVO(vpin,pos1,pos2,profile)
+// 5.2.32 - Railcom Cutout (Initial trial Mega2560 only)
+// 5.2.31 - Exrail JMRI_SENSOR(vpin [,count]) creates <S> types.  
+// 5.2.30 - Bugfix: WiThrottle sendIntro after initial N message as well
+// 5.2.29 - Added IO_I2CDFPlayer.h to support DFPLayer over I2C connected to NXP SC16IS750/SC16IS752 (currently only single UART for SC16IS752)
+//        - Added enhanced IO_I2CDFPLayer enum commands to EXRAIL2.h
+//        - Added PLAYSOUND alias of ANOUT to EXRAILMacros.h
+//        - Added UART detection to I2CManager.cpp
+// 5.2.28 - ESP32: Can all Wifi channels.
+//        - ESP32: Only write Wifi password to display if it is a well known one
+// 5.2.27 - Bugfix: IOExpander memory allocation
+// 5.2.26 - Silently ignore overridden HAL defaults
+//        - include HAL_IGNORE_DEFAULTS macro in EXRAIL 
+// 5.2.25 - Fix bug causing <X> after working <D commands 
+// 5.2.24 - Exrail macro asserts to catch 
+//            : duplicate/missing automation/route/sequence/call ids
+//            : latches and reserves out of range
+//            : speeds out of range
+// 5.2.23 - KeywordHasher _hk (no functional change) 
+// 5.2.22 - Bugfixes: Empty turnout descriptions ok; negative route numbers valid.
+// 5.2.21 - Add STARTUP_DELAY config option to delay CS bootup
+// 5.2.20 - Check return of Ethernet.begin()
+// 5.2.19 - ESP32: Determine if the RMT hardware can handle DCC
+// 5.2.18 - Display network IP fix
+// 5.2.17 - ESP32 simplify network logic
+// 5.2.16 - Bugfix to allow for devices using the EX-IOExpander protocol to have no analogue or no digital pins
+// 5.2.15 - move call to CommandDistributor::broadcastPower() into the TrackManager::setTrackPower(*) functions
+//        - add repeats to function packets that are not reminded in accordance with accessory packets
+// 5.2.14 - Reminder window DCC packet optimization
+//        - Optional #define DISABLE_FUNCTION_REMINDERS 
+// 5.2.13 - EXRAIL STEALTH 
+// 5.2.12 - ESP32 add AP mode LCD messages with SSID/PW for
+//        - STM32 change to UID_BASE constants in DCCTimerSTM32 rather than raw hex addresses for UID registers
+//        - STM32 extra UART/USARTs for larger Nucleo models
+// 5.2.11 - Change from TrackManager::returnMode to TrackManager::getMode
+// 5.2.10 - Include trainbrains.eu block unoccupancy driver
+//        - include IO_PCA9555  
+// 5.2.9  - Bugfix LCD startup with no LCD, uses <@
+// 5.2.9  - EXRAIL STASH feature 
+// 5.2.8  - Bugfix: Do not turn off all tracks on change
+//          give better power messages
+// 5.2.7  - Bugfix: EXRAIL ling segment
+//        - Bugfix: Back out wrongly added const
+//        - Bugfix ESP32: Do not inverse DCX direction signal twice
+// 5.2.6  - Trackmanager broadcast power state on track mode change
+// 5.2.5  - Trackmanager: Do not treat TRACK_MODE_ALL as TRACK_MODE_DC
+// 5.2.4  - LCD macro will not do diag if that duplicates @ to same target.
+//        - Added ROUTE_DISABLED macro in EXRAIL
+// 5.2.3  - Bugfix: Catch stange input to parser
+// 5.2.2  - Added option to allow MAX_CHARACTER_ROWS to be defined in config.h
+// 5.2.1  - Trackmanager rework for simpler structure
+// 5.2.0  - ESP32: Autoreverse and booster mode support
+// 5.1.21 - EXRAIL invoke multiple ON handlers for same event
+// 5.1.20 - EXRAIL Tidy and ROUTE_STATE, ROUTE_CAPTION 
+// 5.1.19 - Only flag 2.2.0.0-dev as broken, not 2.2.0.0
+// 5.1.18 - TURNOUTL bugfix
+// 5.1.17 - Divide out C for config and D for diag commands
+// 5.1.16 - Remove I2C address from EXTT_TURNTABLE macro to work with MUX, requires separate HAL macro to create
+// 5.1.15 - LCC/Adapter support and Exrail feature-compile-out.
+// 5.1.14 - Fixed IFTTPOSITION
+// 5.1.13 - Changed turntable broadcast from i to I due to server string conflict
+// 5.1.12 - Added Power commands <0 A> & <1 A> etc. and update to <=>
+//          Added EXRAIL SET_POWER(track, ON/OFF)
+//          Fixed a problem whereby <1 MAIN> also powered on PROG track
+//          Added functions to TrackManager.cpp to allow UserAddin code for power display on OLED/LCD
+//          Added - returnMode(byte t), returnDCAddr(byte t) & getModeName(byte Mode)
+// 5.1.11 - STM32F4xx revised I2C clock setup, no correctly sets clock and has fully variable frequency selection
 // 5.1.10 - STM32F4xx DCCEXanalogWrite to handle PWM generation for TrackManager DC/DCX
 //        - STM32F4xx DCC 58uS timer now using non-PWM output timers where possible
 //        - ESP32 brakeCanPWM check now detects UNUSED_PIN